209 lines
24 KiB
XML
209 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="2F9142951637B6EC39400089D15D0A78">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="22D957D4C490620297A2BD338A5E7893">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8FF93539B288158F37727659428B7986">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0AFCFB5676377FE2EDC2B72854FE46BC">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="6670A6283E87DFBAFA72F4E6B1FEB411">716</mods:start>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE66A59FA939CFC1BA8B1E1" box="[1391,1448,2725,2771]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE66A59FA939CFC1BA8B1E1" blockId="29.[1389,2555,2725,2853]" box="[1391,1448,2725,2771]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<heading id="9F638192FFE66A59FA939CFC1BA8B1E1" box="[1391,1448,2725,2771]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFFE66A59FA939CFC1BA8B1E1" box="[1391,1448,2725,2771]" captionStart="Plate 57: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="27.[123,155,3200,3221]" captionTargetBox="[12,2751,19,3659]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="49. Eurasian Particolored Bat (Vespertilio murinus), 50. Asian Particolored Bat (Vespertilio sinensis), 51. Pygmy Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris pygmaea), 52. Indomalayan Lesser Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris fulvida), 53. Sunda Lesser Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris pachypus), 54. Tonkin Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris tonkinensis), 55. Malayan Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris malayana), 56. Sumatran Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris robustula), 57. Yok Don Helmeted Bat (Cassistrellus yokdonensis), 58. Surat Helmeted Bat (Cassustrellus dimissus), 59. Rohu’s Bat (Phuletor brachypterus), 60. Western False Pipistrelle (Falsistrellus mackenziei), 61. Eastern False Pipistrelle (Falsistrellus tasmaniensis), 62. Yellow-lipped Cave Bat (Vespadelus douglasorum), 63. Northern Cave Bat (Vespadelus caurinus), 64. Finlayson’s Cave Bat (Vespadelus finlaysoni), 65. Eastern Cave Bat (Vespadelus troughtoni), 66. Inland Forest Bat (Vespadelus baverstocki), 67. Eastern Forest Bat (Vespadelus pumilus), 68. Little Forest Bat (Vespadelus vulturnus), 69. Large Forest Bat (Vespadelus darlingtoni), 70. Southern Forest Bat (Vespadelus regulus), 71. Large-eared Pied Bat (Chalinolobus dwyeri), 72. Little Pied Bat (Chalinolobus picatus), 73. Hoary Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus nigrogriseus), 74. Gould’s Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus gouldii), 75. New Caledonian Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus neocaledonicus), 76. Chocolate Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus morio), 77. New Zealand Long-tailed Bat (Chalinolobus tuberculatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398506/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">55.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE66A59FA469CFC1625B1E1" box="[1466,2085,2725,2771]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE66A59FA469CFC1625B1E1" blockId="29.[1389,2555,2725,2853]" box="[1466,2085,2725,2771]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<heading id="9F638192FFE66A59FA469CFC1625B1E1" box="[1466,2085,2725,2771]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFE66A59FA469CFC1625B1E1" ID-CoL="8LHZM" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[1466,2085,2725,2771]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">Malayan Greater Bamboo Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE66A59F7A19CFC17FAB1E1" box="[2141,2554,2725,2771]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE66A59F7A19CFC17FAB1E1" blockId="29.[1389,2555,2725,2853]" box="[2141,2554,2725,2771]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<heading id="9F638192FFE66A59F7A19CFC17FAB1E1" box="[2141,2554,2725,2771]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFE66A59F7A19CFC17FAB1E1" ID-CoL="8LHZM" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[2141,2554,2725,2771]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE66A59F7A19CFC17FAB1E1" box="[2141,2554,2725,2771]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">Tylonycteris malayana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE66A59FA939CBC1944B013" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE66A59FA939CBC178EB1C8" blockId="29.[1389,2555,2725,2853]" box="[1391,2446,2789,2810]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<heading id="9F638192FFE66A59FA939CBC178EB1C8" box="[1391,2446,2789,2810]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE66A59FA939CBC1BBAB1C8" bold="true" box="[1391,1466,2789,2810]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFE66A59FA3D9CBC18AFB1C8" ID-CoL="8LHZM" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[1473,1711,2789,2810]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">
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Vespertilion de
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFE66A59F9A29CBC18AFB1C8" box="[1630,1711,2789,2810]" name="Malaysia" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE66A59F93F9CBC191EB1C8" bold="true" box="[1731,1822,2789,2810]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFE66A59F8D49CBC1637B1C8" ID-CoL="8LHZM" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[1832,2103,2789,2810]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">Malaya-Bambusfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE66A59F7B09CBC16A8B1C8" bold="true" box="[2124,2216,2789,2810]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFE66A59F7519CBC178EB1C8" ID-CoL="8LHZM" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[2221,2446,2789,2810]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFE66A59F7519CBC171AB1C8" ID-CoL="8LHZM" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[2221,2330,2789,2810]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">Tilonicterio</vernacularName>
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de
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFE66A59F6B89CBC178EB1C8" box="[2372,2446,2789,2810]" name="Malaysia" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">Malasia</collectingCountry>
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE66A59FA929D551944B013" blockId="29.[1389,2555,2725,2853]" box="[1390,1860,2828,2849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<heading id="9F638192FFE66A59FA929D551944B013" box="[1390,1860,2828,2849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE66A59FA929D551865B013" bold="true" box="[1390,1637,2828,2849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFE66A59F9939D551944B013" ID-CoL="8LHZM" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[1647,1860,2828,2849]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">Malayan Bamboo Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE66A59F82E9D0C161CB0AB" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE66A59F82E9D0C161CB0AB" blockId="29.[2002,2598,2901,3324]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE66A59F82E9D0C166EB040" bold="true" box="[2002,2158,2901,2930]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFE66A59F7799D0C1617B0AB" ID-CoL="8LHZM" authority="Chasen, 1940" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">7ylonycteris malayana Chasen, 1940</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE66A59F7D79DD91746B0F2" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE66A59F7D79DD91746B0F2" blockId="29.[2002,2598,2901,3324]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FFE66A59F7D79DD91746B0F2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319345" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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“Jor, Batang Padang district,
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFE66A59F6309DD9141DB0AB" box="[2508,2589,2944,2969]" country="Malaysia" name="Perak" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">Perak</collectingRegion>
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, Malay States [=
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFE66A59F7539DFA1730B0F2" box="[2223,2352,2979,3008]" name="Malaysia" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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].”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE66A59F82F9D9E18AAB612" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE66A59F82F9D9E18AAB612" blockId="29.[2002,2598,2901,3324]" lastBlockId="29.[1388,2593,3327,3480]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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Previously considered a subspecies of 1.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFE66A59F8079DAB1671B73D" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[2043,2161,3058,3087]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustula">robustula</taxonomicName>
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, but elevated to species status as a result of recent phylogenetic studies. 1.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFE66A59F8079A181678B76C" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[2043,2168,3137,3166]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">malayana</taxonomicName>
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is sister species to 1. tonkinensis. The exact distributional limit between the two is currently uncertain. The recently described subspecies eremtaga is sister to all other populations of 7.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFE66A59F6A59A8617D7B7CE" authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[2393,2519,3295,3324]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">malayana</taxonomicName>
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. Two subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE66A5AFA909B721B03BA70" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="788" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" type="distribution">
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||
<caption id="90EB6676FFE66A5AFA909B721B03BA70" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397886" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397886" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6397886/files/figure.png" inLine="true" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="788" pageId="29" pageNumber="787" targetBox="[1386,1978,2908,3321]" targetPageId="29">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE66A59FA909B7218FDB67A" blockId="29.[1388,2593,3327,3480]" box="[1388,1789,3371,3400]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE66A59FA909B7218FDB67A" bold="true" box="[1388,1789,3371,3400]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE66A59FA8C9B0D170FB6AA" blockId="29.[1388,2593,3327,3480]" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFE66A59FA8C9B0D170FB6AA" pageId="29" pageNumber="787">T.m.malayanaChasen,1940—NEIndia(Mizoram),andmainlandSEAsia;possiblyalsoChina(Yunnan)butthesepopulationsneedtobeconfirmed.</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE56A5AFF4A97701B03BA70" blockId="30.[178,1389,296,2182]" box="[182,1283,297,322]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFE56A5AFF4A97701CD0BA70" box="[182,720,297,322]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">T. m. eremtaga C. Srinivasulu et al., 2018</taxonomicName>
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— North Andaman I in the Andaman Is.
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE56A5AFF4E97151CCCBF65" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE56A5AFF4E97151CCCBF65" blockId="30.[178,1389,296,2182]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE56A5AFF4E97151FABBA5B" bold="true" box="[178,427,332,361]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 36—-37-3 mm, tail 26-3-27-8 mm, ear 10-2 mm, hindfoot 5-8-6-2 mm, forearm 23-3-27-5 mm; weight 6:5-8-5 g. The Malayan Greater Bamboo Batis the largest species of
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFE56A5AFDB597CF1CD9BA85" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1872" box="[585,729,406,439]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tylonycteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Head is dorso-ventrally flattened and broadened. Dorsal pelage is glossy dark brown to grayish brown (subspecies eremtaga) with light-tipped hairs (giving the glossy appearance); ventral pelage is paler grayish brown to sandy brown. Membranes are dark brown. Ears are subtriangular, relatively long with a broadly rounded tip; tragus is short and blunt. Base of thumbs and soles of hindfeet have well-developed rounded fleshy pads for gripping smooth surfaces. Wing membrane attaches at base of metatarsus; uropatagium extends to tip oftail, and calcar is over halfway to tail from ankle. Baculum of eremtaga is located at tip of short penis (which has a globular glans); base is broad, flared, knob like, and slightly concave or notched; shaft is long, straight, and has slight ventral concavity beneath broadly rounded tip; shaft when viewed laterally is long and straight with flared base (unlike in nominate, where shaft curves dorsally along its glans). Skull is small, flattened and broad; rostrum is short and broad; there is no sagittal crest; lambdoid crests are weakly developed. P? is large, narrow, and bicuspid; P* is unicuspid and subequal in height to second cusp of P?; C! has distinct second cusp; P* has crown area about half that of M!; M! slightly exceeds M? in breadth and has distinct protocone; three lowerincisors are tricuspid; lower premolars are subequalin size. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FN = 56 (Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFE56A5AFDBE926F1CBFBF65" box="[578,703,1078,1111]" name="Malaysia" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE56A5AFF4992051C81BF94" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE56A5AFF4992051C81BF94" blockId="30.[178,1389,296,2182]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE56A5AFF4992051F24BF4F" bold="true" box="[181,292,1116,1149]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Both intact and disturbed forest habitats with abundant bamboo. Recorded at elevations up to
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFFE56A5AFE6292DC1C03BF94" box="[414,515,1157,1190]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFE56A5AFDCE92DC1C7EBF94" box="[562,638,1157,1190]" name="India" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE56A5AFF4992F21F35BE2F" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE56A5AFF4992F21F35BE2F" blockId="30.[178,1389,296,2182]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE56A5AFF4992F21FBBBFFE" bold="true" box="[181,443,1195,1228]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Malayan Greater Bamboo Batis insectivorous,taking a variety of insect prey. It has been recorded feeding on termites; more specific data are not available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE56A5AFF4A93781F90BD38" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE56A5AFF4A93781F90BD38" blockId="30.[178,1389,296,2182]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE56A5AFF4A93781F3FBE70" bold="true" box="[182,319,1313,1346]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Breeding takes place once a year, and females usually give birth to twins in April. Weaning occurs by late May in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFE56A5AFCF593101D83BE58" box="[777,899,1353,1386]" name="Malaysia" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, when young become volant and independent. Males and females become sexually mature and breed in their first year. Males become fertile from mid-October to mid-March; females enter estrus from mid-November to when ovulation occurs in mid-January. Gestation appears to last 84-91 days.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE56A5AFF4990571B2BBC29" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE56A5AFF4990571B2BBC29" blockId="30.[178,1389,296,2182]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE56A5AFF4990571FA5BD1D" bold="true" box="[181,421,1550,1583]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Malayan Greater Bamboo Bats are nocturnal, leaving their roosts around dusk to forage. They roost inside hollow bamboo internodes and some roosts have also been found in rock crevices. Call shapeis a steep FM/QCF sweep with average maximum frequency of 105-7 kHz, minimum frequency 43-2 kHz, peak frequency 52-3 kHz, and call duration 3-6 milliseconds, in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFE56A5AFCA090F21DEDBDFE" box="[860,1005,1707,1740]" name="Singapore" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFE56A5AFBD890F21AA5BDFE" box="[1060,1189,1707,1740]" name="Thailand" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, average peak frequency was recorded at 51 kHz, maximum frequency 137-2 kHz, minimum frequency 39-7 kHz, duration 3-3 milliseconds, and pulse interval 12-8 milliseconds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE56A5AFF4B917B1B10BC88" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE56A5AFF4B917B1B10BC88" blockId="30.[178,1389,296,2182]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE56A5AFF4B917B1D79BC71" bold="true" box="[183,889,1826,1859]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The Malayan Greater Bamboo Bat has been recorded roosting with the Indomalayan Lesser Bamboo Bat (7. fulvida), although only rarely. Males typically roost alone, whereas females are more gregarious. Colonies with up to 32 bats have been recorded. Both sexes switch roosts often.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE56A5AFF4491991F8BB300" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE56A5AFF4491991F8BB300" blockId="30.[178,1389,296,2182]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE56A5AFF4491991C19BCD3" bold="true" box="[184,537,1984,2017]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFE56A5AFDDA91991C5BBCD3" box="[550,603,1984,2017]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Not</collectingRegion>
|
||
assessed as a distinct species on The IUCN Red List, but makes up most of what was formerly recognized as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFE56A5AFC5391B11A4AB33B" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[943,1098,2024,2057]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustula">T. robustula</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was listed as Least Concern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFE56A5AFF449E661B22B34D" pageId="30" pageNumber="788" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFE56A5AFF449E661B22B34D" blockId="30.[178,1389,296,2182]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFE56A5AFF449E661F51B36A" bold="true" box="[184,337,2111,2136]" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Huang Chujing et al. (2014), Hughes et al. (2011),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFE56A5AFC709E661DE9B36A" box="[908,1001,2111,2136]" country="United Kingdom" name="Medway" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Medway</collectingRegion>
|
||
(1972, 1973),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFE56A5AFB729E661AEBB36A" box="[1166,1259,2111,2136]" country="United Kingdom" name="Medway" pageId="30" pageNumber="788">Medway</collectingRegion>
|
||
& Marshall (1970), Pottie et al. (2005), Tu Vuong Tan, Csorba et al. (2017), Srinivasulu et al. (2018), Yong et al. (1971).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |