188 lines
21 KiB
XML
188 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="EB986CD0027F9DA589D19D6F3150C646">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E1E0EFB0D8E2477B3C2AB978FE20E26B">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="95A8C4C0CCA675E0C0E41E74CED7C7EA">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:publisher id="579A3BD508F30393C4C2D8B54D40650E">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:title id="7AD927ADE2E453F8917F38B1D7A9FB86">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FFCD6A73FA569C7D1D14B895" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403492" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628305" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403492" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FFCD6A73FA569C7D1D14B895" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FFCD6A73FA569C7D1D14B895" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="813" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCD6A72FA569C7D1BFAB160" box="[1450,1530,2596,2642]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCD6A72FA569C7D1BFAB160" blockId="54.[1445,2381,2596,2723]" box="[1450,1530,2596,2642]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<heading id="9F638192FFCD6A72FA569C7D1BFAB160" box="[1450,1530,2596,2642]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFFCD6A72FA569C7D1BFAB160" box="[1450,1530,2596,2642]" captionStart="Plate 59" captionStartId="51.[133,163,3283,3308]" captionTargetBox="[12,2757,17,3656]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="94. Fairy Pipistrelle (Hypsugo ariel), 95. Lanza’s Pipistrelle (Hypsugo lanzai), 96. Arabian Pipistrelle (Hypsugo arabicus), 97. Savi’s Pipistrelle (Hypsugo savii), 98. Alashanian Pipistrelle (Hypsugo alaschanicus), 99. Cadorna’s Pipistrelle (Hypsugo cadornae), 100. Joftre’s Pipistrelle (Hypsugo joffrei), 101. Chinese Pipistrelle (Hypsugo pulveratus), 102. Chocolate Pipistrelle (Hypsugo affinis), 103. Pungent Pipistrelle (Hypsugo mordax), 104. Peters’s Pipistrelle (Hypsugo petersi), 105. Long-toothed Pipistrelle (Hypsugo dolichodon), 106. Burmese Pipistrelle (Hypsugo lophurus), 107. Red-brown Pipistrelle (Hypsugo kitcheneri), 108. Brown Pipistrelle (Hypsugo imbricatus), 109. Big-eared Pipistrelle (Hypsugo macrotis), 110. Vordermann’s Pipistrelle (Hypsugo vordermanni), 111. Anchieta’s Pipistrelle (Hypsugo anchieta), 112. Kirindy Pipistrelle (Hypsugo bemainty), 113. Mouse-like Pipistrelle (Hypsugo musciculus), 114. Broad-headed Pipistrelle (Hypsugo crassulus), 115. Eisentraut’s Pipistrelle (Hypsugo eisentrauti), 116. Schlieffen’s Bat (Nycticeinops schlieffenii), 117. Moloney’s Mimic Bat (Mimetillus moloneyi)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398514/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">103.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCD6A72F9F79C7D1998B160" box="[1547,1944,2596,2642]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCD6A72F9F79C7D1998B160" blockId="54.[1445,2381,2596,2723]" box="[1547,1944,2596,2642]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<heading id="9F638192FFCD6A72F9F79C7D1998B160" box="[1547,1944,2596,2642]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFCD6A72F9F79C7D1998B160" ID-CoL="8LZ8J" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1866" box="[1547,1944,2596,2642]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">Pungent Pipistrelle</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCD6A72F81D9C7D170CB160" box="[2017,2316,2596,2642]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCD6A72F81D9C7D170CB160" blockId="54.[1445,2381,2596,2723]" box="[2017,2316,2596,2642]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<heading id="9F638192FFCD6A72F81D9C7D170CB160" box="[2017,2316,2596,2642]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFCD6A72F81D9C7D170CB160" ID-CoL="8LZ8J" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1866" box="[2017,2316,2596,2642]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCD6A72F81D9C7D170CB160" box="[2017,2316,2596,2642]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">Hypsugo mordax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCD6A72FA5B9C3D1957B192" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCD6A72FA5B9C3D174CB14B" blockId="54.[1445,2381,2596,2723]" box="[1447,2380,2660,2681]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<heading id="9F638192FFCD6A72FA5B9C3D174CB14B" box="[1447,2380,2660,2681]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCD6A72FA5B9C3D1BF2B14B" bold="true" box="[1447,1522,2660,2681]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFCD6A72FA059C3D18B1B14B" ID-CoL="8LZ8J" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1866" box="[1529,1713,2660,2681]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">Vespére mordante</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCD6A72F93A9C3D1921B14B" bold="true" box="[1734,1825,2660,2681]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFCD6A72F8D79C3D1629B14B" ID-CoL="8LZ8J" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1866" box="[1835,2089,2660,2681]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">Bissige Zwergfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCD6A72F7C29C3D169AB14B" bold="true" box="[2110,2202,2660,2681]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFCD6A72F75F9C3D174CB14B" ID-CoL="8LZ8J" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1866" box="[2211,2380,2660,2681]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">Hypsugo mordaz</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCD6A72FA5A9CD21957B192" blockId="54.[1445,2381,2596,2723]" box="[1446,1879,2699,2720]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<heading id="9F638192FFCD6A72FA5A9CD21957B192" box="[1446,1879,2699,2720]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCD6A72FA5A9CD2189DB192" bold="true" box="[1446,1693,2699,2720]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFCD6A72F95B9CD21957B192" ID-CoL="8LZ8J" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1866" box="[1703,1879,2699,2720]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">Fungus Pipistrelle</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCD6A72F7F69C89145AB1C3" box="[2058,2650,2768,2801]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCD6A72F7F69C89145AB1C3" blockId="54.[2053,2651,2768,3196]" box="[2058,2650,2768,2801]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCD6A72F7F69C8916A6B1C3" bold="true" box="[2058,2214,2768,2801]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFCD6A72F7449C891455B1C3" ID-CoL="8LJ8V" authority="Peters, 1866" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1866" box="[2232,2645,2768,2801]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vesperugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">Vesperugo mordax Peters, 1866</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCD6A72F7F99CAE16E5B02A" box="[2053,2277,2807,2840]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCD6A72F7F99CAE16E5B02A" blockId="54.[2053,2651,2768,3196]" box="[2053,2277,2807,2840]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FFCD6A72F7F99CAE16E5B02A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319365" box="[2053,2277,2807,2840]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFCD6A72F7F99CAE1643B02A" box="[2053,2115,2807,2840]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">Java</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFCD6A72F7AF9CAE16E0B02A" box="[2131,2272,2807,2840]" name="Indonesia" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCD6A72F7F79D4717BBB00D" box="[2059,2491,2846,2879]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCD6A72F7F79D4717BBB00D" blockId="54.[2053,2651,2768,3196]" box="[2059,2491,2846,2879]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFCD6A72F7F79D47163AB00D" box="[2059,2106,2846,2879]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">See</collectingRegion>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFCD6A72F7B99D47170FB00D" authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1871" box="[2117,2319,2846,2879]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">Hypsugo affinis</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCD6A72F7F69D1F1781B71E" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" type="distribution">
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<caption id="90EB6676FFCD6A72F7F69D1F1781B71E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397986" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6397986/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" targetBox="[1443,2034,2777,3191]" targetPageId="54">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCD6A72F7F69D1F1781B71E" blockId="54.[2053,2651,2768,3196]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCD6A72F7F69D1F16BAB055" bold="true" box="[2058,2234,2886,2919]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Known only by a few specimens from Java. Claimed records from
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFCD6A72F7F69DCC1654B084" box="[2058,2132,2965,2998]" name="India" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">India</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFCD6A72F7579DCC1738B084" box="[2219,2360,2965,2998]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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are based on misidentified
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFCD6A72F7679DE5176CB0EF" authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1871" box="[2203,2412,3004,3037]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">Hypsugo affinis</taxonomicName>
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. A record from Yingjiang,
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFCD6A72F7679DB5170BB737" box="[2203,2315,3052,3077]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
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, southern
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFCD6A72F65F9DB517F9B737" box="[2467,2553,3052,3077]" name="China" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">China</collectingCountry>
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, is also considered to be
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFCD6A72F6FC9A52177DB71E" authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1871" box="[2304,2429,3083,3116]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">H. affinis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCD6A73F7F59A6A1DBFBAFC" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="813" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCD6A73F7F59A6A1DBFBAFC" blockId="54.[2053,2651,2768,3196]" lastBlockId="55.[115,1323,271,940]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="813" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCD6A72F7F59A6A1704B766" bold="true" box="[2057,2308,3123,3156]" pageId="54" pageNumber="812">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 47-56 mm, tail 37-42 mm, ear 14-16 mm, hindfoot 6-5-9 mm, forearm 39-6-42 mm. Dorsal pelage of the Pungent Pipistrelle is rust brown with paler hair tips; underparts are blackish brown with pale brown hairtips; analregion is pale brownish. Ears, nose, skin of face, and wing membranes are black. Tragus is medium-long. Wing membranes attach to base of toes. Tail projects beyond uropatagium. Terminal cartilage of fourth digit is divided into a “T.” This species has nine caudal vertebrae, a feature shared with the Chocolate Pipistrelle (
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFCD6A72F6A89B1F17DAB655" authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1871" box="[2388,2522,3398,3431]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">H. affinis</taxonomicName>
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). Skull is relatively low, with low sagittal crest, not forming occipital helmet; there are no lambdoidal crests. Upper incisors are nearly equal in length and surface; I° is bicuspid, with smaller outer cusp, directed inward, and might be missing in old animals due to wear; P? is small, displaced internally to tooth row; C' and P* are not in contact; cingulum is present on upper incisors, canines, and premolars; condylo-canine lengths are 14.2-14-7 mm; maxillary tooth row lengths are 5-8-5-9 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCC6A73FF89978D1FD3BAC7" box="[117,467,468,501]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCC6A73FF89978D1FD3BAC7" blockId="55.[115,1323,271,940]" box="[117,467,468,501]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCC6A73FF89978D1EE4BAC7" bold="true" box="[117,228,468,501]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCC6A73FF8997A51C69B92F" box="[117,617,508,541]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCC6A73FF8997A51C69B92F" blockId="55.[115,1323,271,940]" box="[117,617,508,541]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCC6A73FF8997A51F7AB92F" bold="true" box="[117,378,508,541]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCC6A73FF89947A1FEAB976" box="[117,490,547,580]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCC6A73FF89947A1FEAB976" blockId="55.[115,1323,271,940]" box="[117,490,547,580]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCC6A73FF89947A1EFBB976" bold="true" box="[117,251,547,580]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCC6A73FF8F94121D50B95E" box="[115,848,587,620]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCC6A73FF8F94121D50B95E" blockId="55.[115,1323,271,940]" box="[115,848,587,620]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCC6A73FF8F94121F5EB95E" bold="true" box="[115,350,587,620]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Pungent Pipistrelles are nocturnal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCC6A73FF89942B1A20B9A1" box="[117,1056,626,659]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCC6A73FF89942B1A20B9A1" blockId="55.[115,1323,271,940]" box="[117,1056,626,659]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCC6A73FF89942B1D31B9A1" bold="true" box="[117,817,626,659]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCC6A73FF8994C41A70B802" pageId="55" pageNumber="813" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCC6A73FF8994C41A70B802" blockId="55.[115,1323,271,940]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCC6A73FF8994C41FD0B988" bold="true" box="[117,464,669,698]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFCC6A73FB4894C41F0CB9D3" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Falsistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="813" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">Falsistrellus mordax</taxonomicName>
|
||
), as range, population abundance, and ecology are little known. Threats are not known. It is not known if the species is present in any protected areas. Further studies are needed into its distribution, abundance, ecology, and threats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFCC6A73FF8A95661D14B895" pageId="55" pageNumber="813" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFCC6A73FF8A95661D14B895" blockId="55.[115,1323,271,940]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFCC6A73FF8A95661F0FB86A" bold="true" box="[118,271,831,856]" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Boitani et al. (2006), Corbet & Hill (1992), Gorfél & Csorba (2018), Gorfol, Furey et al. (2019), Gorfol,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFCC6A73FF34953F1F27B84D" box="[200,295,870,895]" country="Jamaica" name="Kingston" pageId="55" pageNumber="813">Kingston</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Suyanto & Hutson (2016), Hill & Harrison (1987), Peters (1866), Simmons (2005), Smith & Xie Yan (2008), Sody (1937), Tate (1942b), Wang Yingxiang (2003).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |