206 lines
23 KiB
XML
206 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9AE60FDC417F2E8CBAF1FD1743F5B3D6">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="121A3D82610A7613D332AAA0CAD4F2BC">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="89F3CC30D128AC2ACBDEB2148F809429">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="B880E4C0DB4BE48229937C0BE06E482B">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="E7358FFA42EF42E0A3D2C625252F60C3" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="28D61AF83A27558DD498BC0C2084B0C2">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="482EC3A02298A670C7D7E239222CADC6">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CDB7E54E59CD6E29535DDFA9AB423363">
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<mods:title id="59AAD43EAAA58730CABA794D5DF7BFAF">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="4908577CCF06621E4A1D54F02DB994C5">716</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="C06DD880A815FF7EF0F2334C169854E3">981</mods:end>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF9E6A21FF809DDF16C5BD47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403578" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628383" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403578" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF9E6A21FF809DDF16C5BD47" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF9E6A21FF809DDF16C5BD47" lastPageNumber="859" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FF809DDF1ECEB086" box="[124,206,2950,2996]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FF809DDF1ECEB086" blockId="101.[121,1171,2950,3075]" box="[124,206,2950,2996]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<heading id="9F638192FF9E6A21FF809DDF1ECEB086" box="[124,206,2950,2996]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF9E6A21FF809DDF1ECEB086" box="[124,206,2950,2996]" captionStart="Plate 63: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="97.[132,162,3286,3311]" captionTargetBox="[11,2745,17,3657]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="202. Canyon Bat (Parastrellus hesperus), 203. Tricolored Bat (Perimyotis subflavus), 204. Van Gelder’s Bat (Bauerus dubiaquercus), 205. Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus), 206. Black-winged Little Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa tumida), 207. Yucatan Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa aenea), 208. Bickham’s Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa bickhami), 209. Menchu’s Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa menchuae), 210. Ecuadorian Little Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa velilla), 211. Tiny Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa minutilla), 212. Genoways’s Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa genowaysi), 213. Thomas's Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa io), 214. Northern Little Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa parvula), 215. Least Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa mira), 216. Allen’s Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa alleni), 217. Slender Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa gracilis), 218. Husson’s Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa hussoni), 219. Western Barbastelle (Barbastella barbastellus), 220. Caspian Barbastelle (Barbastella caspica), 221. Arabian Barbastelle (Barbastella leucomelas), 222. Eastern Barbastelle (Barbastella darjelingensis), 223. Japanese Barbastelle (Barbastella pacifica), 224. Beijing Barbastelle (Barbastella beijingensis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398525/files/figure.png" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">214.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FF229DDF1D02B086" box="[222,770,2950,2996]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FF229DDF1D02B086" blockId="101.[121,1171,2950,3075]" box="[222,770,2950,2996]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<heading id="9F638192FF9E6A21FF229DDF1D02B086" box="[222,770,2950,2996]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF9E6A21FF229DDF1D02B086" ID-CoL="4SJVG" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[222,770,2950,2996]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvula">Northern Little Yellow Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FCBB9DDF1A92B086" box="[839,1170,2950,2996]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FCBB9DDF1A92B086" blockId="101.[121,1171,2950,3075]" box="[839,1170,2950,2996]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<heading id="9F638192FF9E6A21FCBB9DDF1A92B086" box="[839,1170,2950,2996]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF9E6A21FCBB9DDF1A92B086" ID-CoL="4SJVG" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[839,1170,2950,2996]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvula">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FCBB9DDF1A92B086" box="[839,1170,2950,2996]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Rhogeessa parvula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FF879D9C1C17B730" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FF879D9C1A6FB0E8" blockId="101.[121,1171,2950,3075]" box="[123,1135,3013,3034]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<heading id="9F638192FF9E6A21FF879D9C1A6FB0E8" box="[123,1135,3013,3034]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FF879D9C1EC7B0E8" bold="true" box="[123,199,3013,3034]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF9E6A21FF2C9D9C1F7EB0E8" ID-CoL="4SJVG" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[208,382,3013,3034]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvula">Petite Rhogeessa</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FE6F9D9C1FEEB0E8" bold="true" box="[403,494,3013,3034]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF9E6A21FE049D9C1CFBB0E8" ID-CoL="4SJVG" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[504,763,3013,3034]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvula">Nordliche Gelbfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FCF39D9C1D6BB0E8" bold="true" box="[783,875,3013,3034]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF9E6A21FC899D9C1A6FB0E8" ID-CoL="4SJVG" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[885,1135,3013,3034]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvula">
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF9E6A21FC899D9C1DBDB0E8" ID-CoL="4SJVG" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[885,957,3013,3034]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvula">Rogesa</vernacularName>
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nortena pequena
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FF869DB41C17B730" blockId="101.[121,1171,2950,3075]" box="[122,535,3053,3074]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<heading id="9F638192FF9E6A21FF869DB41C17B730" box="[122,535,3053,3074]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FF869DB41F71B730" bold="true" box="[122,369,3053,3074]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Other common names:</emphasis>
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF9E6A21FE809DB41C17B730" ID-CoL="4SJVG" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[380,535,3053,3074]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvula">Little Yellow Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FF869A6E1CFCB762" box="[122,764,3127,3152]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FF869A6E1CFCB762" blockId="101.[120,1327,3127,3478]" box="[122,764,3127,3152]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FF869A6E1F15B762" bold="true" box="[122,277,3127,3152]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF9E6A21FEDA9A6E1CF8B762" ID-CoL="4SJVG" authority="H. Allen, 1866" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[294,760,3127,3152]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvula">Rhogeessa parvula H. Allen, 1866</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FCF09A6E1EF5B74A" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FCF09A6E1EF5B74A" blockId="101.[120,1327,3127,3478]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF9E6A21FCF09A6E1EF5B74A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319331" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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“Tres Marias [= Islas Marias,
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF9E6A21FB4F9A6E1B1FB762" box="[1203,1311,3127,3152]" country="Mexico" name="Nayarit" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Nayarit</collectingRegion>
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],
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF9E6A21FF869A0E1EE3B74A" box="[122,227,3159,3192]" name="Mexico" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FF879A271AA6B624" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FF879A271AA6B624" blockId="101.[120,1327,3127,3478]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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Normally considered part of the
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF9E6A21FD9A9A271CEDB7AD" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[614,749,3198,3231]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumida">R. tumida</taxonomicName>
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complex, but recent molecular studies based on mtDNA and using nDNA markers found that this species and
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF9E6A21FB819AFC1AE0B7F4" authorityName="LaVal" authorityYear="1973" box="[1149,1248,3237,3270]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mira">R. mira</taxonomicName>
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form a sister clade to the
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF9E6A21FE6F9A941FEDB7DC" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[403,493,3277,3310]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumida">tumida</taxonomicName>
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complex; this similarity between
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF9E6A21FC3F9A941A4FB7DC" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[963,1103,3277,3310]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvula">R. parvula</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF9E6A21FB6A9A941AF8B7DC" authorityName="LaVal" authorityYear="1973" box="[1174,1272,3277,3310]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mira">R. mira</taxonomicName>
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was also observed in external and skull morphology. Two subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FF869B451B15B6BE" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="distribution">
|
||
<caption id="90EB6676FF9E6A21FF869B451B15B6BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398263" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398263/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" targetBox="[1396,1987,290,705]" targetPageId="101">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FF869B451DBEB657" blockId="101.[120,1327,3127,3478]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
|
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FF869B451C0BB60F" bold="true" box="[122,523,3356,3389]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF9E6A21FF809B151DBEB657" authority="H. Allen, 1866" authorityName="H.Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[124,958,3404,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="parvula" subSpecies="parvula">R.p.parvulaH.Allen,1866—MariasIs,offNayarit,Mexico.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FF879B321B15B6BE" blockId="101.[120,1327,3127,3478]" box="[123,1301,3435,3468]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF9E6A21FF879B321C37B6BE" authority="G. G. Goodwin, 1958" authorityName="G. G. Goodwin" authorityYear="1958" box="[123,567,3435,3468]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="parvula" subSpecies="major">R. p. major G. G. Goodwin, 1958</taxonomicName>
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— Pacific coast of
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF9E6A21FCC89B321D9DB6BE" box="[820,925,3435,3468]" name="Mexico" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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||
, from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF9E6A21FC069B321A5EB6BE" box="[1018,1118,3435,3468]" country="Mexico" name="Sonora" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Sonora</collectingRegion>
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||
S to
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF9E6A21FB5B9B321B11B6BE" box="[1191,1297,3435,3468]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21F8279745169AB8E5" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21F8279745169AB8E5" blockId="101.[2010,2604,284,706]" lastBlockId="101.[1397,2605,713,1653]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21F827974516F1BA0B" bold="true" box="[2011,2289,284,313]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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||
Head-body c¢.40
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF9E6A21F5DF97451645BA53" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" unit="mm" value="47.0">47 mm</quantity>
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||
, tail
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF9E6A21F764971D1734BA53" box="[2200,2356,324,353]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="21.0">21-32 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ear
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF9E6A21F676971D1424BA53" box="[2442,2596,324,353]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="11.0">11-14 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hindfoot
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF9E6A21F7A3973216D0BABA" box="[2143,2256,363,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4-7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forearm 26-2—-29-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF9E6A21F62A97321424BABA" box="[2518,2596,363,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF9E6A21F7BF97D71690BA9D" box="[2115,2192,398,431]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" unit="g" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3-8 g</quantity>
|
||
. Dorsal fur is silky, with light grayish-brown bases and fawn to brown tips; ventral fur has slightly grayish bases and grayish-fawn tips. Ears short and subacute at tips, and contrast little in coloration with dorsal fur. Eyes very small, with a wart above. Wing membranes almost black, and naked; uropatagium sparsely to densely furred, at least halfway between knee and feet. Skull slopes more or less abruptly from occiput to anteriormost point of nasal, with a horizontal portion on top of braincase; postorbital region narrow; rostrum broad and low; zygomatic arches widely spread. I, usually much smaller than I; cingulum of canines almost straight on labial side and has no conspicuous lobes on internal side. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 50, with four biarmed autosomes, a medium submetacentric Xchromosome and a small submetacentric Y-chromosome.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FA8A95841BE4BF7F" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FA8A95841BE4BF7F" blockId="101.[1397,2605,713,1653]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FA8A95841BE6B8CC" bold="true" box="[1398,1510,989,1022]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Thorny forests and subdeciduous forests. Has also been found in subtropical vegetation along rivers and cactus-mesquite vegetation. Ranges from sea level to
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF9E6A21FA8692751BE0BF7F" box="[1402,1504,1068,1101]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" unit="m" value="1480.0">1480 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FA8A920A142ABF46" box="[1398,2602,1107,1140]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FA8A920A142ABF46" blockId="101.[1397,2605,713,1653]" box="[1398,2602,1107,1140]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FA8A920A187CBF46" bold="true" box="[1398,1660,1107,1140]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Insectivorous. Forages over ponds and streams, and in open areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FA8A922217D8BFD9" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FA8A922217D8BFD9" blockId="101.[1397,2605,713,1653]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FA8A92221BFDBFAE" bold="true" box="[1398,1533,1147,1180]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Pregnant females were captured in late February and early June; females with young in late April and early July; lactating females from June to September; and flying juveniles from June to September. Females can carry one or two embryos.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FA8992A81915BE53" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FA8992A81915BE53" blockId="101.[1397,2605,713,1653]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FA8992A8185FBE20" bold="true" box="[1397,1631,1265,1298]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Crepuscular and nocturnal. The species is a fast flier and can be seen flying well before dusk. Known roosts include caves, hollow trees, cracks in rocks, palm leaves, and roofs of buildings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FA8A933E1BB6BE82" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FA8A933E1BB6BE82" blockId="101.[1397,2605,713,1653]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FA8A933E1641BEBA" bold="true" box="[1398,2113,1383,1416]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Can be seen flying in great numbers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FA8B93EF16B0BECD" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FA8B93EF16B0BECD" blockId="101.[1397,2605,713,1653]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FA8B93EF18DEBEE5" bold="true" box="[1399,1758,1462,1495]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Widespread and common. It is found in several protected areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF9E6A21FA8B905716C5BD47" pageId="101" pageNumber="859" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF9E6A21FA8B905716C5BD47" blockId="101.[1397,2605,713,1653]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF9E6A21FA8B90571810BD15" bold="true" box="[1399,1552,1550,1575]" pageId="101" pageNumber="859">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Allen (1866), Alvarez & Avina (1965), Alvarez-Castaneda & Gonzalez-Ruiz (2018), Arroyo-Cabrales & Baker (2014f), Baird et al. (2008, 2009), Bickham & Baker (1977), Goodwin (1958b), Jones (1964), LaVal (1973a), Roots & Baker (2007), Simmons (2005), Solari (20191), Wilson (1991).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |