213 lines
23 KiB
XML
213 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="5D486041D54343028E3A2F157B7A2BB0" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF8E6A31FA87950C174AB026" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Lasiurus egregius" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="875" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="875" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="71E9220C7E2E3D1A1B052581EA912957">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C389749DDF3543F0057AA3C5A626F18F">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C99E2C2B83701F3700BEF6B4192C31F7">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="5F648DD198928677B20E7372F0245D64">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="864F05ABD71467A560B51E8E933FA63E">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="557C390952B0587390787EC8AA785A45">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="70DA3CC308F6A4C7F48B648D5038DC66">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="0E6E1FA33A02E6611FA19B5216D6DDF5">716</mods:start>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF8E6A31FA87950C174AB026" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403632" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628424" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403632" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF8E6A31FA87950C174AB026" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF8E6A31FA87950C174AB026" lastPageNumber="875" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA87950C1BCDB8B5" box="[1403,1485,853,903]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA87950C1BCDB8B5" blockId="117.[1400,2398,853,982]" box="[1403,1485,853,903]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<heading id="9F638192FF8E6A31FA87950C1BCDB8B5" box="[1403,1485,853,903]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF8E6A31FA87950C1BCDB8B5" box="[1403,1485,853,903]" captionStart="Plate 65: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="117.[124,154,3323,3348]" captionTargetBox="[11,2761,18,3657]" captionTargetPageId="116" captionText="249. Spotted Bat (Euderma maculatum), 250. Big Red Bat (Lasiurus egregius), 251. Southern Hoary Bat (Lasiurus villosissimus), 252. Northern Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus), 253. Hawaiian Hoary Bat (Lasiurus semotus), 254. Eastern Red Bat (Lasiurus borealis), 255. Pleiffer's Red Bat (Lasiurus pfeifferi), 256. Seminole Bat (Lasiurus seminolus), 257. Greater Red Bat (Lasiurus atratus), 258. Southern Red Bat (Lasiurus blossevilii), 259. Desert Red Bat (Lasiurus frantzii), 260. Cinnamon Red Bat (Lasiurus varius), 261. Minor Red Bat (Lasiurus minor), 262. Tacarcunan Bat (Lasiurus castaneus), 263. Hairy-tailed Bat (Lasiurus ebenus), 264. Jamaican Red Bat (Lasiurus degelidus), 265. Western Yellow Bat (Lasiurus xanthinus), 266. Northern Yellow Bat (Lasiurus intermedius), 267. Cuban Yellow Bat (Lasiurus insularis), 268. Southern Yellow Bat (Lasiurus ega)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398536/files/figure.png" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">250.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA21950C18D5B8B5" box="[1501,1749,853,903]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA21950C18D5B8B5" blockId="117.[1400,2398,853,982]" box="[1501,1749,853,903]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<heading id="9F638192FF8E6A31FA21950C18D5B8B5" box="[1501,1749,853,903]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF8E6A31FA21950C18D5B8B5" ID-CoL="8LH4F" authority="(Peters, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[1501,1749,853,903]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="egregius">Big Red Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31F8FB950C1651B8B5" box="[1799,2129,853,903]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31F8FB950C1651B8B5" blockId="117.[1400,2398,853,982]" box="[1799,2129,853,903]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<heading id="9F638192FF8E6A31F8FB950C1651B8B5" box="[1799,2129,853,903]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF8E6A31F8FB950C1651B8B5" ID-CoL="8LH4F" authority="(Peters, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[1799,2129,853,903]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="egregius">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31F8FB950C1651B8B5" box="[1799,2129,853,903]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Lasiurus egregius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA8695C01903B8E4" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA8695C0175EB89C" blockId="117.[1400,2398,853,982]" box="[1402,2398,921,942]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<heading id="9F638192FF8E6A31FA8695C0175EB89C" box="[1402,2398,921,942]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA8695C01BC5B89C" bold="true" box="[1402,1477,921,942]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF8E6A31FA3295C01858B89C" ID-CoL="8LH4F" authority="(Peters, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[1486,1624,921,942]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="egregius">Grand Lasiure</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31F99195C018C8B89C" bold="true" box="[1645,1736,921,942]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF8E6A31F92E95C01623B89C" ID-CoL="8LH4F" authority="(Peters, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[1746,2083,921,942]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="egregius">Brasilien-Haarschwanzfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31F7C495C01694B89C" bold="true" box="[2104,2196,921,942]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Spanish:</emphasis>
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF8E6A31F76295C0175EB89C" ID-CoL="8LH4F" authority="(Peters, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[2206,2398,921,942]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="egregius">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF8E6A31F76295C016E5B89C" ID-CoL="8LH4F" authority="(Peters, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[2206,2277,921,942]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="egregius">Lasiuro</vernacularName>
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grande rojo
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA8595981903B8E4" blockId="117.[1400,2398,853,982]" box="[1401,1795,961,982]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<heading id="9F638192FF8E6A31FA8595981903B8E4" box="[1401,1795,961,982]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA8595981870B8E4" bold="true" box="[1401,1648,961,982]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Other common names:</emphasis>
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF8E6A31F98695981903B8E4" ID-CoL="8LH4F" authority="(Peters, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[1658,1795,961,982]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="egregius">Giant Red Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31F822925A142DBF16" box="[2014,2605,1027,1060]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31F822925A142DBF16" blockId="117.[2014,2608,1027,1455]" box="[2014,2605,1027,1060]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31F822925A1679BF16" bold="true" box="[2014,2169,1027,1060]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF8E6A31F777925A1428BF16" ID-CoL="8L2LX" authority="Peters, 1870" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1870" box="[2187,2600,1027,1060]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Atalapha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="egregia">Atalapha egregia Peters, 1870</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31F822926A1714BF7E" box="[2014,2324,1075,1100]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31F822926A1714BF7E" blockId="117.[2014,2608,1027,1455]" box="[2014,2324,1075,1100]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF8E6A31F822926A1714BF7E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319622" box="[2014,2324,1075,1100]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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Santa Catarina,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF8E6A31F742926A1710BF7E" box="[2238,2320,1075,1100]" name="Brazil" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31F823920B1908BD17" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31F823920B1908BD17" blockId="117.[2014,2608,1027,1455]" lastBlockId="117.[1397,2607,1461,2836]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF8E6A31F823920B1652BF41" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1831" box="[2015,2130,1106,1139]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lasiurus</taxonomicName>
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has been divided into three informal groups (i.e. Red Bat, Yellow Bat, and Hoary Bat) based on morphological and allozyme evidence. Recent molecular studies based on mtDNA and nDNA recovered these groups as monophyletic and suggested they should be elevated to distinct genera; however, there are no phenotypic discontinuities to justify this change.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF8E6A31F64093CB1BDCBEE4" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="egregius">Lasiurus egregius</taxonomicName>
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was considered part of the Red Bat group based on morphological evidence, but molecular analyses placed it into the Hoary Bat group, contrasting with morphological evidence. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA849072178EBDA9" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="distribution">
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<caption id="90EB6676FF8E6A31FA849072178EBDA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398340" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398340/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" targetBox="[1398,1990,1038,1452]" targetPageId="117">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA849072178EBDA9" blockId="117.[1397,2607,1461,2836]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA8490721828BD7E" bold="true" box="[1400,1576,1579,1612]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known from scattered localities in a widespread distribution, including
|
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF8E6A31FA85900E1808BD46" box="[1401,1544,1623,1652]" name="Honduras" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Honduras</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF8E6A31F9E3900E1891BD46" box="[1567,1681,1623,1652]" name="Panama" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Panama</collectingCountry>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF8E6A31F955900E1934BD46" box="[1705,1844,1623,1652]" name="Colombia" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF8E6A31F8B0900E19D5BD46" box="[1868,2005,1623,1652]" name="Suriname" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF8E6A31F811900E16C9BD46" box="[2029,2249,1623,1652]" name="French Guiana" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
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||
, and
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF8E6A31F6DB900E1777BD46" box="[2343,2423,1623,1652]" name="Brazil" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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||
(Amazonas, Para,
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||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF8E6A31FA349027187EBDA9" box="[1480,1662,1662,1691]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Pernambuco</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF8E6A31F97390271946BDA9" box="[1679,1862,1662,1691]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
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, Santa Catarina, and
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||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF8E6A31F78890271780BDA9" box="[2164,2432,1662,1691]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA8490FB1926B37F" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA8490FB1926B37F" blockId="117.[1397,2607,1461,2836]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA8490FB1878BDF1" bold="true" box="[1400,1656,1698,1731]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
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Head-body 57-
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, tail 46-7-57-
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF8E6A31F74390FB171ABDF1" box="[2239,2330,1698,1731]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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, ear 13-
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF8E6A31F66190FB1426BDF1" box="[2461,2598,1698,1731]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="7.0">7-15 mm</quantity>
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, hindfoot 7-5-9-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF8E6A31F9AA909018ADBDD8" box="[1622,1709,1737,1770]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forearm 47-4-48-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF8E6A31F8449090160EBDD8" box="[1976,2062,1737,1770]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF8E6A31F770909016FCBDD8" box="[2188,2300,1737,1770]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" unit="g" value="13.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="11.0">11-16 g</quantity>
|
||
. Wingspans are 376 398-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF8E6A31FA4890AC1809BC20" box="[1460,1545,1781,1810]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Dorsal hairs are tricolored, with dark brown bases, yellowish middles, and reddish tips. Ventral hairs are bicolored, with dark bases and bright reddish tips. Ears are longer than wide. Tragus has straight internal margin and strongly angled external margin. Wing membranes are black, with paler areas surrounding thumbs and phalanges. Uropatagium is densely furred, with reddish hairs on anterior region and sparsely fur on posterior region. Females of all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF8E6A31F7D191EF16A0BCE5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1831" box="[2093,2208,1974,2007]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lasiurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
usually have four mammae. Skull is short, with rounded braincase, and lacrimal ridge is absent. P? is absent, P,is one-half the size of P,, and cingulum of P, is clearly bilobed. Dental formula is I 1/3, Cl/1L,P1/2,M3/3 (x2) =30.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA8B9E011663B3F6" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA8B9E011663B3F6" blockId="117.[1397,2607,1461,2836]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA8B9E011BE7B347" bold="true" box="[1399,1511,2136,2165]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Savannas, rainforests, montane forests, and secondary forests at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF8E6A31FA859ED91812B3AF" box="[1401,1554,2176,2205]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4625" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="0.025" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" unit="m" value="1462.5" valueMax="2900.0" valueMin="25.0">25-2900 m</quantity>
|
||
. The Big Red Bat has been captured over a stream in evergreen forest, over water bodies in Amazon biome, and in swampy areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA8B9E9319BEB253" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA8B9E9319BEB253" blockId="117.[1397,2607,1461,2836]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA8B9E93187FB3D9" bold="true" box="[1399,1663,2250,2283]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Big Red Batis an aerial insectivore. Based on scarce information, it probably forages over watercourses and streams, capturing insects in flight, similarly to its congeners. Wing morphology suggests that it forages in uncluttered spaces; it has good flight maneuverability.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA8B9F31173BB282" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA8B9F31173BB282" blockId="117.[1397,2607,1461,2836]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA8B9F311BFEB2BB" bold="true" box="[1399,1534,2408,2441]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF8E6A31F9C89F3118A6B2BB" box="[1588,1702,2408,2441]" name="Panama" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, a pregnant Big Red Bat with two embryos was captured in late February. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF8E6A31F9D19FD618BCB282" box="[1581,1724,2447,2480]" name="Honduras" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
, a lactating female was captured in early May.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA899FEE16CDB115" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA899FEE16CDB115" blockId="117.[1397,2607,1461,2836]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA899FEE1864B2EA" bold="true" box="[1397,1636,2487,2520]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Duration of echolocation calls are 1-5-7-8 milliseconds. Calls have FM componentfollowed by QCF terminal part; start frequencies are 36-2-67-2 kHz, and end frequencies are 22-6-33-9 kHz. Harmonics are rare.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA8B9C741724B17C" box="[1399,2340,2605,2638]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA8B9C741724B17C" blockId="117.[1397,2607,1461,2836]" box="[1399,2340,2605,2638]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA8B9C741634B17C" bold="true" box="[1399,2100,2605,2638]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA8B9C0C16ECB1AF" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA8B9C0C16ECB1AF" blockId="117.[1397,2607,1461,2836]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA8B9C0C18DAB144" bold="true" box="[1399,1754,2645,2678]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. The Big Red Batis extremely rare and known only from a few localities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF8E6A31FA849CF5174AB026" pageId="117" pageNumber="875" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF8E6A31FA849CF5174AB026" blockId="117.[1397,2607,1461,2836]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FA849CF51811B1F7" bold="true" box="[1400,1553,2732,2757]" pageId="117" pageNumber="875">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Alvarez-Castaneda & Gonzalez-Ruiz (2018), Baird et al. (2015), Baker, Patton et al. (1988), Bianconi & Pedro (2017), Gardner & Handley (2008), Hall & Jones (1961), Lopez-Baucells et al. (2014), Mora (2012), Novaes, Garbino et al. (2018), Shump & Shump (1982a), Sousa et al. (2004), Vieira (1942).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |