240 lines
29 KiB
XML
240 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="FE93B138213DD5564572CCCBBCA2C93D" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF896A37FA569CBC18D1BFDB" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Idionycteris phyllotis" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="873" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="872" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DB8D5669E09D55B426A9C792EB86525B">
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<mods:title id="45F111D15681F74A5CA566E151360F07">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9E755EF93CDC4C8A9E5B592CFD837BF9">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DA036AFC3F542CCFA0008CD4160C2571">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="712061104204C268EBC7A5E6B9206E43">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="32B54329F771CE265D42FC6D0F501845">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="D415F7E00C3F240AAD2ABE4BEDA2D6B3" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="9D26ABD099B4DBC5D53C87C7B40D42EE">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="65DAD0CE6971FDB32C1CDD58F3F31D84">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="4A4B1472E64190378E803EB37838E7E7">
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<mods:title id="0A78BA4635D559D3034BEA95A3872DFA">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="3EF94926136F3C983882CD687E7C4619">716</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="1A9161DD0A951AD919C34A3AAAFBBF73" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF896A37FA569CBC18D1BFDB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403628" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628509" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403628" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF896A37FA569CBC18D1BFDB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF896A37FA569CBC18D1BFDB" lastPageId="115" lastPageNumber="873" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FA569CBC1BFCB025" box="[1450,1532,2789,2839]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FA569CBC1BFCB025" blockId="114.[1447,2410,2789,2922]" box="[1450,1532,2789,2839]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<heading id="9F638192FF896A36FA569CBC1BFCB025" box="[1450,1532,2789,2839]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF896A36FA569CBC1BFCB025" box="[1450,1532,2789,2839]" captionStart="Plate 64: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="107.[117,147,3280,3305]" captionTargetBox="[11,2760,17,3656]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="225. Gray Long-eared Bat (Plecotus austriacus), 226. Canary Long-eared Bat (Plecotus teneriffae), 227. Gaisler’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus gaisleri), 228. Christie’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus christii), 229. Mediterranean Long-eared Bat (Plecotus kolombatovici), 230. Ethiopian Long-eared Bat (Plecotus balensis), 231. Turkmen Long-eared Bat (Plecotus turkmenicus), 232. Strelkov’s Long-eared (Bat Plecotusstrelkovi), 233. Ognev’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus ognevi), 234. Kozlov’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus kozlovi), 235. Sichuan Long-eared Bat (Plecotus ariel), 236. Himalayan Long-eared Bat (Plecotus homochrous), 237. Taiwan Long-eared Bat (Plecotus taivanus), 238. Japanese Long-eared Bat (Plecotus sacrimontis), 239. Ward’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus wardi), 240. Alpine Long-eared Bat (Plecotus macrobullaris), 241. Sardinian Long-eared Bat (Plecotus sardus), 242. Brown Long-eared Bat (Plecotus auritus), 243. Desert Long-eared Bat (Otonycteris hemprichii), 244. Turkestani Long-eared Bat (Otonycteris leucophaea), 245. Rafinesque’s Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii), 246. Townsend's Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus townsendii), 247. Mexican Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus mexicanus), 248. Allen’s Big-eared Bat (Idionycteris phyllotis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398533/files/figure.png" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">248.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36F9F69CBC19BEB025" box="[1546,1982,2789,2839]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36F9F69CBC19BEB025" blockId="114.[1447,2410,2789,2922]" box="[1546,1982,2789,2839]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<heading id="9F638192FF896A36F9F69CBC19BEB025" box="[1546,1982,2789,2839]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36F9F69CBC19BEB025" ID-CoL="6MTLT" baseAuthorityName="G. M. Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1546,1982,2789,2839]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Idionycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllotis">Allen’s Big-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36F7FD9CBC176AB025" box="[2049,2410,2789,2839]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36F7FD9CBC176AB025" blockId="114.[1447,2410,2789,2922]" box="[2049,2410,2789,2839]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<heading id="9F638192FF896A36F7FD9CBC176AB025" box="[2049,2410,2789,2839]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36F7FD9CBC176AB025" ID-CoL="6MTLT" baseAuthorityName="G. M. Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[2049,2410,2789,2839]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Idionycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllotis">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36F7FD9CBC176AB025" box="[2049,2410,2789,2839]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Idionycteris phyllotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FA559D701659B057" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FA559D7016BEB00C" blockId="114.[1447,2410,2789,2922]" box="[1449,2238,2857,2878]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<heading id="9F638192FF896A36FA559D7016BEB00C" box="[1449,2238,2857,2878]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FA559D701BF4B00C" bold="true" box="[1449,1524,2857,2878]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36FA019D70189BB00C" ID-CoL="6MTLT" baseAuthorityName="G. M. Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1533,1691,2857,2878]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Idionycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllotis">Oreillard d'Allen</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36F94D9D70190CB00C" bold="true" box="[1713,1804,2857,2878]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36F8EF9D70199EB00C" ID-CoL="6MTLT" baseAuthorityName="G. M. Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1811,1950,2857,2878]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Idionycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllotis">Allen-Langohr</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36F84E9D70160EB00C" bold="true" box="[1970,2062,2857,2878]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Spanish:</emphasis>
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36F7EB9D7016BEB00C" ID-CoL="6MTLT" baseAuthorityName="G. M. Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[2071,2238,2857,2878]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Idionycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllotis">Orejudo de Allen</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FA549D091659B057" blockId="114.[1447,2410,2789,2922]" box="[1448,2137,2896,2917]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<heading id="9F638192FF896A36FA549D091659B057" box="[1448,2137,2896,2917]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FA549D09189FB057" bold="true" box="[1448,1695,2896,2917]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36F9559D091969B057" ID-CoL="6MTLT" baseAuthorityName="G. M. Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1705,1897,2896,2917]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Idionycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllotis">Lappet-browed Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36F88B9D091659B057" ID-CoL="6MTLT" baseAuthorityName="G. M. Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1911,2137,2896,2917]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Idionycteris" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllotis">Mexican Big-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36F7F19DCB1694B0E9" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36F7F19DCB1694B0E9" blockId="114.[2060,2656,2962,3390]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36F7F19DCB16A8B081" bold="true" box="[2061,2216,2962,2995]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36F7449DCB168FB0E9" ID-CoL="YRRX" authority="G. M. Allen, 1916" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Corynorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllotis">Corynorhinus phyllotis G. M. Allen, 1916</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36F75C9D9B1421B731" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36F75C9D9B1421B731" blockId="114.[2060,2656,2962,3390]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF896A36F75C9D9B1421B731" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319390" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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“
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF896A36F7579D9B1716B0E9" box="[2219,2326,3010,3035]" name="Mexico" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF896A36F6D99D9B17FAB0E9" box="[2341,2554,3010,3035]" country="Mexico" name="San Luis Potosi" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">San Luis Potosi</collectingRegion>
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(probably near the city of the same name).”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36F7F29A5018B6B6BC" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36F7F29A5018B6B6BC" blockId="114.[2060,2656,2962,3390]" lastBlockId="114.[1449,2654,3397,3470]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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Previously placed in
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36F6AF9A5017B9B718" authorityName="E. Geoffroy" authorityYear="1818" box="[2387,2489,3081,3114]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Plecotus</taxonomicName>
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but transferred to monotypic
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36F6C79A6917CBB763" authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1923" box="[2363,2507,3120,3153]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Idionycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Idionycteris</taxonomicName>
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, based on morphological and chromosomal characters. Also using those characters, the genus had previously been synonymized with
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36F7A49A8B16CDB7DD" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1892" box="[2136,2253,3282,3311]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Euderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Euderma</taxonomicName>
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, but molecular reconstructions based on several mitochondrial and nuclear genes support the distinction of
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36FA559B1C1838B654" authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1923" box="[1449,1592,3397,3430]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Idionycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Idionycteris</taxonomicName>
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at the generic level; but relationships within tribe remain unclear. Two subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF886A37FF80974C1ECFBA9E" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" type="distribution">
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<caption id="90EB6676FF886A37FF80974C1ECFBA9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398335" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398335/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" targetBox="[1445,2038,2973,3389]" targetPageId="114">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FF80974C1C0DBA04" blockId="115.[122,1330,277,1262]" box="[124,525,277,310]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF886A37FF80974C1C0DBA04" bold="true" box="[124,525,277,310]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FF8197651B0BBA6F" blockId="115.[122,1330,277,1262]" box="[125,1291,316,349]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF886A37FF8197651C1DBA6F" authority="G. M. Allen, 1916" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1916" box="[125,541,316,349]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" subSpecies="phyllotis">IL p. phyllotis G. M. Allen, 1916</taxonomicName>
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— C
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF886A37FDA197651CCCBA6F" box="[605,716,316,349]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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(SW
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF886A37FCE697651D5ABA6F" box="[794,858,316,349]" name="United States of America" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">USA</collectingCountry>
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||
) S to Michoacan (SC Mexico).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FF80973D1ECFBA9E" blockId="115.[122,1330,277,1262]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF886A37FF80973D1C57BAB7" authority="Tumlison, 1993" authorityName="Tumlison" authorityYear="1993" box="[124,599,356,389]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Idionycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="phyllotis" subSpecies="hualapaiensis">I. p. hualapaiensis Tumlison, 1993</taxonomicName>
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— extreme S
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF886A37FCE3973D1D88BAB7" box="[799,904,356,389]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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, S
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF886A37FC45973D1A00BAB7" box="[953,1024,356,389]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Utah</collectingRegion>
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, and N
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF886A37FB85973D1AE8BAB7" box="[1145,1256,356,389]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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(SW
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF886A37FF8097D21EC2BA9E" box="[124,194,395,428]" name="United States of America" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">USA</collectingCountry>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF886A37FF8097EE1AEFBF11" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FF8097EE1AEFBF11" blockId="115.[122,1330,277,1262]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF886A37FF8097EE1F7BBAE6" bold="true" box="[124,379,439,468]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body c.
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF886A37FDA897EE1CC1BAE6" box="[596,705,439,468]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
|
||
, tail
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF886A37FCEF97EE1DAFBAE6" box="[787,943,439,468]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" unit="mm" value="46.5" valueMax="53.0" valueMin="40.0">40-53 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ear
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF886A37FBFE97EE1A9EBAE6" box="[1026,1182,439,468]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" unit="mm" value="38.5" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="34.0">34-43 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hindfoot
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF886A37FF8097831EFFBAC9" box="[124,255,474,507]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9-12 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forearm 41-8-49-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF886A37FDFC97831C53BAC9" box="[512,595,474,507]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF886A37FD3497831D24BAC9" box="[712,804,474,507]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" unit="g" value="12.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="8.0">8-16 g</quantity>
|
||
. Closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF886A37FBCE97831AA6BAC9" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1892" box="[1074,1190,474,507]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Euderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Euderma</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF886A37FB1697831EA3B910" authorityName="E. Geoffroy" authorityYear="1818" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Plecotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
distinguished from former by pair of lappets projecting over forehead from anterior base of ears, coloration, and presence of three lower premolars; from latter, by presence of lappets, keeled calcar, and nostrils not posteriorly elongated. Long dorsal fur (c.
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF886A37FF3394211F33B9AB" box="[207,307,632,665]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
) is soft, with blackish bases contrasting with yellowish-gray tips, and blackish patches on shoulders; ventral fur has black bases and pale bufftips; tufts of white hair can be found on posterior bases of ears. Ears large; tragus (
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF886A37FBFD949F1A94B9D5" box="[1025,1172,710,743]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="12.0">12-14 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) conspicuous. Uropatagium has 12-13 transversalribs, scarce hairs on basal surface, and is attached to hindfoot. Supraorbital region of skull sharply ridged;sagittal crest absent; rostrum broad and flattened; braincase also broad and shallow. P? is small and crowded between C' and P*, in which main cusp is slightly higher than molar series cusps; M? is about one-half size of M! and M2. Dental formulais12/3,C1/1,P 2/3, M 3/3 (x2) = 36. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30 and FN = 50, which is most similar to the Spotted Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF886A37FECB95821C4EB8CE" baseAuthorityName="J. A. Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[311,590,987,1020]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Euderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatum">Euderma maculatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
), differing by presence of medium-sized acrocentric autosome pair in Allen’s Big-eared Bat, rather than subtelocentric autosome pair.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF886A37FF8792771A1BBFDB" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FF8792771A1BBFDB" blockId="115.[122,1330,277,1262]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF886A37FF8792771EEABF79" bold="true" box="[123,234,1070,1099]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Mountainous wooded habitats, from forests to riparian woodlands; also found in arid habitats, such as desert shrub, mesquite grassland with scattered oaks, xeric scrub, and tropical deciduous forests. Commonly found in rocky areas with outcrops, cliffs, boulders or lava flows, and also near water, along streams or over ponds. Recorded at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF886A37FE3F92891C6EBFDB" box="[451,622,1232,1257]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.814" metricValueMax="3.225" metricValueMin="0.4029999999999999" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" unit="m" value="1814.0" valueMax="3225.0" valueMin="403.0">403-3225 m</quantity>
|
||
, but commonest above
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF886A37FC4392891A17BFDB" box="[959,1047,1232,1257]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF886A37FA8B97471736BA9E" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FA8B97471736BA9E" blockId="115.[1397,2609,286,1260]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF886A37FA8B9747187CBA05" bold="true" box="[1399,1660,286,311]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Insectivorous, feeding mainly on small moths, but also soldier beetles, dung beetles, leaf beetles, cockroaches, and flying ants. Echolocation patterns and flight movements suggest it to be highly flexible in foraging, capturing prey in flight but also by gleaning; can forage within or below forest canopy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF886A37FA8B97EA17D2BAC9" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FA8B97EA17D2BAC9" blockId="115.[1397,2609,286,1260]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF886A37FA8B97EA1BFEBAE6" bold="true" box="[1399,1534,435,468]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Pregnant females were recorded in June, all bearing a single embryo; lactating females from June to August. Flying young were reported at the end ofJuly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF886A37FA8A94581795B9D5" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FA8A94581795B9D5" blockId="115.[1397,2609,286,1260]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF886A37FA8A94581862B910" bold="true" box="[1398,1634,513,546]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Most specimens were captured 1-5-2 hours after sunset, at the start of its activity period. Day roosts were found in caves, mine shafts, boulders, sandstone crevices, and lava beds, and under loose bark of ponderosa pine (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF886A37F6B194091427B943" box="[2381,2599,592,625]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponderosa">Pinus ponderosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF886A37FA84942E1BF6B9AA" box="[1400,1526,631,664]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) snags. Echolocation calls are long CF/FM and FM sonar sounds. The long (20-200 milliseconds) CF sounds occur at 27 kHz, while FM sounds at end of call sweep down from 24 kHz to 12 kHz, with a second harmonic at 40-22 kHz.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF886A37FA8B94B719CEB8B7" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FA8B94B719CEB8B7" blockId="115.[1397,2609,286,1260]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF886A37FA8B94B7163CB83D" bold="true" box="[1399,2108,750,783]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
During summer females gather in maternity colonies of 25-150 individuals; males are probably solitary and roost at other sites. Recorded sharing roosts with Townsend's Big-eared Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF886A37F71995641791B86C" authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1865" box="[2277,2449,829,862]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Corynorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Corynorhinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
townsend) and the Fringed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF886A37F999953D18BFB8B7" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1637,1727,868,901]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF886A37F928953D19C1B8B7" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1897" box="[1748,1985,868,901]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thysanodes">Myotis thysanodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF886A37FA8495D219B7BF11" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FA8495D219B7BF11" blockId="115.[1397,2609,286,1260]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF886A37FA8495D218DFB89E" bold="true" box="[1400,1759,907,940]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Major threats are related to loss of roosting sites, including recreational and commercial activities in occupied roost sites, and timber management practices. Occurs in protected areas in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF886A37FA1292531835BF11" box="[1518,1589,1034,1059]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Utah</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF886A37F9BF925318B4BF11" box="[1603,1716,1034,1059]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF886A37F8FF925319B3BF11" box="[1795,1971,1034,1059]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF886A37FA85926B18D1BFDB" pageId="115" pageNumber="873" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF886A37FA85926B18D1BFDB" blockId="115.[1397,2609,286,1260]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF886A37FA85926B1811BF79" bold="true" box="[1401,1553,1074,1099]" pageId="115" pageNumber="873">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Anderson (1972), Amadoret al. (2018), Arroyo-Cabrales & Alvarez-Castafieda (2017e), Barbour & Davis (1969), Bat Conservation International (2018), Bogdanowicz, Juste et al. (2005), Bogdanowicz, Kasper & Owen (1998), Czaplewski (1983), Hall (1981), Handley (1959), Hayes et al. (2009), Ortega & Arita (2014c¢), Rabe et al. (1998), Roehrs et al. (2010), Simmons, J.A. & O'Farrell (1977), Simmons, N.B. (2005), Williams et al. (1970), Wilson & Ruff (1999).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |