215 lines
25 KiB
XML
215 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="6B06C531AA45F8F00BA64179969BE9A9" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF896A36FF519A2818E0B2E8" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Corynorhinus mexicanus G. M. Allen 1916" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="872" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="872" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="7EBD94F943E3F517079C889C24F91515">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="18121B086EBE6563787A2C8026B72805">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CBCED54E1EB6D78D4DE708EE7E2AC9B5">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="971AA5A700E4BBB78E478969782ABE23">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="3B123F540053216809886AE8CD075ED8">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="71CAE237C3A646BCA36C4EB39264E533" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="E5DC0485D9E9C2AB5C4EEF6F0E2B6ACB">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="839D7868AAED56DCFBF368DF8536ADF5">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A4780E51D83C53B906312DD7BFBA697A">
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<mods:title id="3E905B58CAFE95D6F85105D0FDCBDC1A">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="01D990DA74F9945CE95B0424DAB3AA09">716</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="400B5AD5B8382628896ED61BD2909F2C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="68B6A69BCF6DFD5EA6F2A05AB5C6D405" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF896A36FF519A2818E0B2E8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6560803" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628434" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6560803" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF896A36FF519A2818E0B2E8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF896A36FF519A2818E0B2E8" lastPageNumber="872" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FF519A281F00B791" box="[173,256,3185,3235]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FF519A281F00B791" blockId="114.[171,1266,3185,3279]" box="[173,256,3185,3235]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<heading id="9F638192FF896A36FF519A281F00B791" box="[173,256,3185,3235]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF896A36FF519A281F00B791" box="[173,256,3185,3235]" captionStart="Plate 64: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="107.[117,147,3280,3305]" captionTargetBox="[11,2760,17,3656]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="225. Gray Long-eared Bat (Plecotus austriacus), 226. Canary Long-eared Bat (Plecotus teneriffae), 227. Gaisler’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus gaisleri), 228. Christie’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus christii), 229. Mediterranean Long-eared Bat (Plecotus kolombatovici), 230. Ethiopian Long-eared Bat (Plecotus balensis), 231. Turkmen Long-eared Bat (Plecotus turkmenicus), 232. Strelkov’s Long-eared (Bat Plecotusstrelkovi), 233. Ognev’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus ognevi), 234. Kozlov’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus kozlovi), 235. Sichuan Long-eared Bat (Plecotus ariel), 236. Himalayan Long-eared Bat (Plecotus homochrous), 237. Taiwan Long-eared Bat (Plecotus taivanus), 238. Japanese Long-eared Bat (Plecotus sacrimontis), 239. Ward’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus wardi), 240. Alpine Long-eared Bat (Plecotus macrobullaris), 241. Sardinian Long-eared Bat (Plecotus sardus), 242. Brown Long-eared Bat (Plecotus auritus), 243. Desert Long-eared Bat (Otonycteris hemprichii), 244. Turkestani Long-eared Bat (Otonycteris leucophaea), 245. Rafinesque’s Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii), 246. Townsend's Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus townsendii), 247. Mexican Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus mexicanus), 248. Allen’s Big-eared Bat (Idionycteris phyllotis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398533/files/figure.png" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">247.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FEED9A281CEAB791" box="[273,746,3185,3235]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FEED9A281CEAB791" blockId="114.[171,1266,3185,3279]" box="[273,746,3185,3235]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<heading id="9F638192FF896A36FEED9A281CEAB791" box="[273,746,3185,3235]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36FEED9A281CEAB791" ID-CoL="YRRW" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1916" box="[273,746,3185,3235]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Corynorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mexicanus">Mexican Big-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FCCF9A281AF1B791" box="[819,1265,3185,3235]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FCCF9A281AF1B791" blockId="114.[171,1266,3185,3279]" box="[819,1265,3185,3235]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<heading id="9F638192FF896A36FCCF9A281AF1B791" box="[819,1265,3185,3235]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36FCCF9A281AF1B791" ID-CoL="YRRW" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1916" box="[819,1265,3185,3235]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Corynorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FCCF9A281AF1B791" box="[819,1265,3185,3235]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Corynorhinus mexicanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FF509AEC1A70B7F8" box="[172,1136,3253,3274]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FF509AEC1A70B7F8" blockId="114.[171,1266,3185,3279]" box="[172,1136,3253,3274]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<heading id="9F638192FF896A36FF509AEC1A70B7F8" box="[172,1136,3253,3274]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FF509AEC1EF8B7F8" bold="true" box="[172,248,3253,3274]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36FEFD9AEC1FD2B7F8" ID-CoL="YRRW" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1916" box="[257,466,3253,3274]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Corynorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
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Oreillard du
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF896A36FE819AEC1FD2B7F8" box="[381,466,3253,3274]" name="Mexico" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Mexique</collectingCountry>
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FE1B9AEC1C41B7F8" bold="true" box="[487,577,3253,3274]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">German:</emphasis>
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36FDB79AEC1D37B7F8" ID-CoL="YRRW" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1916" box="[587,823,3253,3274]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Corynorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mexicanus">Mexikanisches Langohr</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FCB79AEC1DA6B7F8" bold="true" box="[843,934,3253,3274]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36FC4C9AEC1A70B7F8" ID-CoL="YRRW" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1916" box="[944,1136,3253,3274]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Corynorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF896A36FC4C9AEC1DFFB7F8" ID-CoL="YRRW" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1916" box="[944,1023,3253,3274]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Corynorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mexicanus">Orejudo</vernacularName>
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de
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF896A36FBD49AEC1A70B7F8" box="[1064,1136,3253,3274]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">México</collectingRegion>
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FF579AA11A23B62B" box="[171,1059,3320,3353]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FF579AA11A23B62B" blockId="114.[170,1377,3320,3482]" box="[171,1059,3320,3353]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FF579AA11F47B62B" bold="true" box="[171,327,3320,3353]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36FEA49AA11A1FB62B" ID-CoL="YRRW" authority="G. M. Allen, 1916" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1916" box="[344,1055,3320,3353]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Corynorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="megalotis" subSpecies="mexicanus">Corynorhinus megalotis mexicanus G. M. Allen, 1916</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FBCE9AA11F7EB673" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FBCE9AA11F7EB673" blockId="114.[170,1377,3320,3482]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF896A36FBCE9AA11F7EB673" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319405" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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“
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF896A36FBBC9AA11AA8B62B" box="[1088,1192,3320,3353]" name="Mexico" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF896A36FB479AA11B5AB62B" box="[1211,1370,3320,3353]" country="Mexico" name="Chihuahua" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Chihuahua</collectingRegion>
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, near Pacheco.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FF519B1E1DA1B6A2" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FF519B1E1DA1B6A2" blockId="114.[170,1377,3320,3482]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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Originally described as a race of
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36FD6D9B1E1D2CB65A" box="[657,812,3399,3432]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Corynorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalotis">C. megalotis</taxonomicName>
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[= rafinesquit], but morphological data supportits separation as a distinct species. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36F7F597421698B916" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="distribution">
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<caption id="90EB6676FF896A36F7F597421698B916" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398332" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398332/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" targetBox="[1442,2034,290,705]" targetPageId="114">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36F7F597421698B916" blockId="114.[2056,2650,283,705]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36F7F5974216B9BA0A" bold="true" box="[2057,2233,283,312]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF896A36F73397421737BA0A" box="[2255,2359,283,312]" name="Mexico" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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, from
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF896A36F6579742140FBA0A" box="[2475,2575,283,312]" country="Mexico" name="Sonora" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Sonora</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF896A36F7F6976716A7BA6D" box="[2058,2215,318,351]" country="Mexico" name="Chihuahua" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Chihuahua</collectingRegion>
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S along Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre del Sur, and from
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF896A36F7F697D51689BA9F" box="[2058,2185,396,429]" country="Mexico" name="Coahuila de Zaragoza" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Coahuila</collectingRegion>
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S along Sierra Madre Oriental to
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF896A36F7F497E11686BAE7" box="[2056,2182,440,469]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
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; isolated records from
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF896A36F61497E11457BAE7" box="[2536,2647,440,469]" country="Mexico" name="Yucatan" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Yucatan</collectingRegion>
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Pemnsula and Cozumel 1, but these are uncertain.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36F7F59473166ABE53" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36F7F59473166ABE53" blockId="114.[2056,2650,283,705]" lastBlockId="114.[1444,2653,712,2522]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36F7F59473171FB979" bold="true" box="[2057,2335,554,587]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body c¢.
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF896A36F5CC94731673B941" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" unit="mm" value="50.5" valueMax="52.0" valueMin="49.0">49- 52 mm</quantity>
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, tail
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF896A36F73B940F1763B941" box="[2247,2403,598,627]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" unit="mm" value="46.0" valueMax="51.0" valueMin="41.0">41-51 mm</quantity>
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, ear
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF896A36F64B940F1452B941" box="[2487,2642,598,627]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="29.0">29-36 mm</quantity>
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, hindfoot
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF896A36F7569424174AB9A8" box="[2218,2378,637,666]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="9.0">9-13 mm</quantity>
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||
, forearm 39-3- 45-
|
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF896A36F7C994F91693B9F3" box="[2101,2195,672,705]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF896A36F6E394F91787B9F3" box="[2335,2439,672,705]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" unit="g" value="8.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="5.0">5-12 g</quantity>
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||
. Males larger than females. Furis long; dorsal hairs bicolored, with blackish bases and tips ranging from dark brown to cinnamon brown, without marked contrast between bases and tips (hairs at posterior base of large pinnae paler than on rest of dorsum); ventral hairs bicolored, with strongly contrasting dark brown bases and grayish or pale brown tips. Ears large and joined basally across forehead; tragus long (
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF896A36F6DC953F17B8B8B5" box="[2336,2488,870,903]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="11.0">11-15 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Two large glandular lumps are present on dorsal surface of rostrum; external nares, viewed from above, relatively small and angular in posterior outline; nostrils elongated posteriorly; accessory basal lobe of auricle is absent. Ears, face, and membranes dark brown. Plagiopatagium broadly attached to foot at level of base of toes. Skull moderate in size (greatest skull length 14-7-15-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF896A36F8A0927219BABF7E" box="[1884,1978,1067,1100]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
); deep wide braincase slopes upward abruptly above short depressed rostrum; lacrimal region smoothly rounded; supraorbital region not ridged; temporal ridges normally coalesced to form sagittal crest; median post-palatal process ranges from styliform to triangular; auditory bullae are relatively small. Maxillary tooth row relatively shorter, weaker, and more depressed, and P? is more consistently bilobed. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FN = 52, with nine metacentric pairs of chromosomes, one submetacentric pair, and the other six acrocentric pairs, including the sex chromosomes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FA5A933E1836BEE5" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FA5A933E1836BEE5" blockId="114.[1444,2653,712,2522]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FA5A933E1815BEBA" bold="true" box="[1446,1557,1383,1416]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Higher and more humid parts of Sierra Madre and the transverse volcanic belt of central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF896A36F98793D718E4BE9D" box="[1659,1764,1422,1455]" name="Mexico" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF896A36F8E193D719DABE9D" box="[1821,2010,1422,1455]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.33" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="1.46" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" unit="m" value="2330.0" valueMax="3200.0" valueMin="1460.0">1460-3200 m</quantity>
|
||
. Found from dry lowlands to highland pineoak forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FA5A93841459BECC" box="[1446,2649,1501,1534]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FA5A93841459BECC" blockId="114.[1444,2653,712,2522]" box="[1446,2649,1501,1534]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FA5A938418AABECC" bold="true" box="[1446,1706,1501,1534]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Probably eats small flying insects, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36F708938417A3BECC" box="[2292,2467,1501,1534]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36F61593841455BECC" box="[2537,2645,1501,1534]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FA5A905C17FABD47" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FA5A905C17FABD47" blockId="114.[1444,2653,712,2522]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FA5A905C182DBD14" bold="true" box="[1446,1581,1541,1574]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Copulation begins in late October and runs through January. Pregnant and lactating females inJanuary-April. Gestation lasts ¢.90 days; females give birth to single young. Females reach sexual maturity at about one year, males at two years old.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FA5890221830BC51" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FA5890221830BC51" blockId="114.[1444,2653,712,2522]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FA5890221899BDAE" bold="true" box="[1444,1689,1659,1692]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Nocturnal, with emergence from roost after sunset. The species roosts in caves, basaltic lava tubes, mine tunnels, and abandoned houses. Wing morphology and echolocation frequency are typical of gleaning insectivorous bats. Call parameters (mean) are: minimum frequency 21-9 kHz, maximum frequency 44-6 kHz, peak frequency 30-9 kHz, bandwidth 21-4 kHz, and call duration 3-4 milliseconds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FA5A91301615B3F7" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FA5A91301615B3F7" blockId="114.[1444,2653,712,2522]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FA5A91301678BCB8" bold="true" box="[1446,2168,1897,1930]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No long-distance movements. In roosts, individuals hang well apart from one another. Numbers present in caves may vary throughoutthe year, and hibernating groups have been found in deep caves. Most southern and lowland records were obtained in winter and may indicate seasonal migrations from cold, highland regions. Females form maternity colonies in the breeding season, while males form small groups. Colony size varies from a few individuals during summer to over
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF896A36F90A9E0C194CB344" box="[1782,1868,2133,2166]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" unit="in" value="500.0">500 in</quantity>
|
||
winter. Sometimes roosts with other bat species, including the Common Vampire Bat (Desmodus rotundus), the Cave
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36F6DA9E241780B3AC" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[2342,2432,2173,2206]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36F6659E24144EB3AC" baseAuthorityName="J. A. Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[2457,2638,2173,2206]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velifer">Myotis velifer</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the Tricolored Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF896A36F9009EFD1608B3F7" baseAuthorityName="F. Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[1788,2056,2212,2245]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Perimyotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subflavus">Perimyotis subflavus</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FA5B9E9519CEB251" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FA5B9E9519CEB251" blockId="114.[1444,2653,712,2522]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FA5B9E95190BB3DF" bold="true" box="[1447,1803,2252,2285]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. Even though it is widespread with an expected sizeable population, and occurs in a number of protected areas,its population is thought to be declining; the species may qualify for listing as threatened in the near future.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF896A36FA549F2B18E0B2E8" pageId="114" pageNumber="872" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF896A36FA549F2B18E0B2E8" blockId="114.[1444,2653,712,2522]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF896A36FA549F2B1841B2B9" bold="true" box="[1448,1601,2418,2443]" pageId="114" pageNumber="872">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Barbour & Davis (1969), Bogdanowicz et al. (1998), Hall (1981), Handley (1955b, 1959), Lépez-Wilchis (2001), Lépez-Wilchis et al. (1995), Piaggio & Perkins (2005), Reid (2009), Simmons (2005), Tumlison (1992), Wilson & Ruff (1999).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |