265 lines
32 KiB
XML
265 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="7AD5797BE8AFFA53D9E5FD4D197FB7EF" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF586AE0FA869DA11A47B283" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Myotis ciliolabrum" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="926" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="925" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6983A44BACCAB1AE8B4CD1DF81FF2D3D">
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<mods:title id="7B18C1F804933757E854E602234A9851">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="F58165934C0120A26C2049B9BBBDDB2C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="15605E3F96D11AF3B90465F69141B455">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C1716C5852E5408A2AB9726821ED375B">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="87EBB5B8F3DDD0006EB3BB74487B4949">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="39B0B4F9EF73CD5FD8263DAD3A20CDED">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="8A2E6738827F599D21A17F9CBD30CBF1" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="CF35417A9CAE1ECE9BE74210E6437613">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="E9050816330743E8B69957544A1BC0BF">
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<mods:placeTerm id="31600BD9842AFE072B2B5EC7A926B3A7">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A724ED71B672104A971C5C9ED7B32016">
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<mods:title id="93C8ED5E5D4AB62F903DF8FD8B726863">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="DD34AEE20A6BEB11DA9CEB907D0E9AC3">
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<mods:start id="A75645C0E73026F23085A36CADBB6B70">716</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="7AE3FA9C6BD6FC3EA619C44B444D944D">981</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="0987C99BB7F4704D5B3E17A669900BD1" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF586AE0FA869DA11A47B283" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6577854" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628146" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6577854" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF586AE0FA869DA11A47B283" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF586AE0FA869DA11A47B283" lastPageId="164" lastPageNumber="926" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF586AE7FA869DA11BCCB718" box="[1402,1484,3064,3114]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF586AE7FA869DA11BCCB718" blockId="163.[1400,2496,3064,3155]" box="[1402,1484,3064,3114]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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<heading id="9F638192FF586AE7FA869DA11BCCB718" box="[1402,1484,3064,3114]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF586AE7FA869DA11BCCB718" box="[1402,1484,3064,3114]" captionStart="Plate 70: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="161.[127,157,3239,3264]" captionTargetBox="[10,2760,19,3657]" captionTargetPageId="160" captionText="366. Disk-footed Bat (Eudiscopus denticulus), 367. Taiwan Broad-muzzled Bat (Submyotodon latirostris), 368. HimalayanBroad-muzzled Bat (Submyotodon caliginosus), 369. Moupin Broad-muzzled Bat (Submyotodon moupinensis), 370. Northern Myotis (Myotis septentrionalis), 371. South-western Myotis (Myotis auriculus), 372. Western Small-footed Myotis (Myotis ciliolabrum), 373. Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis (Myotis melanorhinus), 374. Eastern Small-footed Myotis (Myotis leibii), 375. California Myotis (Myotis californicus), 376. Little Brown Myotis (Myotis lucifugus), 377. Keen’s Myotis (Myotis keenii), 378. Long-eared Myotis (Myotis evotis), 379. Fringed Myotis (Myotis thysanodes), 380. Arizona Myotis (Myotis occultus), 381. Long-legged Myotis (Myotis volans), 382. Flat-headed Myotis (Myotis planiceps), 383. Indiana Myotis (Myotis sodalis), 384. Cinnamon Myotis (Myotis fortidens), 385. Findley’s Myotis (Myotis findleyi), 386. Northern Hairy-legged Myotis (Myotis pilosatibialis), 387. Southern Hairy-legged Myotis (Myotis keaysi), 388. Red Myotis (Myotis ruber), 389. Riparian Myotis (Myotis riparius), 390. Velvety Myotis (Myotis simus), 391. Golden Myous (Myotis midastactus), 392. Elegant Myotis (Myotis elegans), 393. Fish-eating Myotis (Myotis vivesi)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398940/files/figure.png" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">372.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF586AE7FA269DA1162EB718" box="[1498,2094,3064,3114]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF586AE7FA269DA1162EB718" blockId="163.[1400,2496,3064,3155]" box="[1498,2094,3064,3114]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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<heading id="9F638192FF586AE7FA269DA1162EB718" box="[1498,2094,3064,3114]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF586AE7FA269DA1162EB718" ID-CoL="8LZS4" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1498,2094,3064,3114]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ciliolabrum">Western Small-footed Myotis</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF586AE7F79E9DA117BFB718" box="[2146,2495,3064,3114]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF586AE7F79E9DA117BFB718" blockId="163.[1400,2496,3064,3155]" box="[2146,2495,3064,3114]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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||
<heading id="9F638192FF586AE7F79E9DA117BFB718" box="[2146,2495,3064,3114]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF586AE7F79E9DA117BFB718" ID-CoL="8LZS4" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[2146,2495,3064,3114]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ciliolabrum">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF586AE7F79E9DA117BFB718" box="[2146,2495,3064,3114]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Myotis ciliolabrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF586AE7FA859A621723B762" box="[1401,2339,3131,3152]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF586AE7FA859A621723B762" blockId="163.[1400,2496,3064,3155]" box="[1401,2339,3131,3152]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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||
<heading id="9F638192FF586AE7FA859A621723B762" box="[1401,2339,3131,3152]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF586AE7FA859A621BC4B762" bold="true" box="[1401,1476,3131,3152]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF586AE7FA329A62185EB762" ID-CoL="8LZS4" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1486,1630,3131,3152]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ciliolabrum">Murin pygmée</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF586AE7F98F9A6218CEB762" bold="true" box="[1651,1742,3131,3152]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF586AE7F9299A6219FDB762" ID-CoL="8LZS4" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1749,2045,3131,3152]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ciliolabrum">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF586AE7F9299A62199BB762" ID-CoL="8LZS4" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1749,1947,3131,3152]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ciliolabrum">Westliches Kleinful</vernacularName>
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3-Mausohr
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF586AE7F7ED9A62166DB762" bold="true" box="[2065,2157,3131,3152]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Spanish:</emphasis>
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF586AE7F78B9A621723B762" ID-CoL="8LZS4" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[2167,2339,3131,3152]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ciliolabrum">Ratonero pigmeo</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF586AE7FA849A27162AB7AD" box="[1400,2090,3198,3231]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF586AE7FA849A27162AB7AD" blockId="163.[1399,2607,3198,3470]" box="[1400,2090,3198,3231]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF586AE7FA849A271813B7AD" bold="true" box="[1400,1555,3198,3231]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF586AE7F9D49A271625B7AD" ID-CoL="8LJ76" authority="Merriam, 1886" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1886" box="[1576,2085,3198,3231]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ciliolabrum">Vespertilio ciliolabrum Merriam, 1886</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF586AE7F7C09A2718A3B7F5" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF586AE7F7C09A2718A3B7F5" blockId="163.[1399,2607,3198,3470]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF586AE7F7C09A2718A3B7F5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319391" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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“near the town of Banner,” Trego County,
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7FA129AF7184EB7F5" box="[1518,1614,3246,3271]" country="United States of America" name="Kansas" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Kansas</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF586AE7F9A29AF7189FB7F5" box="[1630,1695,3246,3271]" name="United States of America" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF586AE7FA859A9417A9B627" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF586AE7FA859A9417A9B627" blockId="163.[1399,2607,3198,3470]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
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Subgenus Pyzonux;
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF586AE7F9749A9418FDB7DC" baseAuthorityName="Le Conte" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[1672,1789,3277,3310]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lucifugus">lucifugus</taxonomicName>
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species group. Populations of
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF586AE7F73F9A941784B7DC" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1886" box="[2243,2436,3277,3310]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="927" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ciliolabrum">M. ciliolabrum</taxonomicName>
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were previously called
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF586AE7F9D99AAD189CB627" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1573,1692,3316,3349]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keenii">M. keenii</taxonomicName>
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, M. leibir, M.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF586AE7F8A99AAD19D1B627" box="[1877,2001,3316,3349]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subulatus">subulatus</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF586AE7F7DC9AAD16FDB627" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[2080,2301,3316,3349]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanorhinus">M. melanorhinus</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF586AE7FA849B4616DFB6BE" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" type="distribution">
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||
<caption id="90EB6676FF586AE7FA849B4616DFB6BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398648" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398648" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398648/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="925" targetBox="[177,769,284,698]" targetPageId="164">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF586AE7FA849B4616DFB6BE" blockId="163.[1399,2607,3198,3470]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF586AE7FA849B461828B60E" bold="true" box="[1400,1576,3359,3388]" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Distribution.</emphasis>
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From SE Alberta and SW Saskatchewan (
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||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF586AE7F77D9B4616EDB60E" box="[2177,2285,3359,3388]" name="Canada" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Canada</collectingCountry>
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||
) S to SC
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF586AE7F6869B4617BAB60E" box="[2426,2490,3359,3388]" name="United States of America" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">USA</collectingCountry>
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||
, including E
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7FA379B1A181FB656" box="[1483,1567,3395,3428]" country="United States of America" name="Idaho" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Idaho</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7F9D39B1A18AFB656" box="[1583,1711,3395,3428]" country="United States of America" name="Montana" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Montana</collectingRegion>
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, SW
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7F9099B1A19B8B656" box="[1781,1976,3395,3428]" country="United States of America" name="North Dakota" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">North Dakota</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7F83A9B1A164FB656" box="[1990,2127,3395,3428]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
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, W & S
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7F7419B1A177FB656" box="[2237,2431,3395,3428]" country="United States of America" name="South Dakota" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">South Dakota</collectingRegion>
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, NE
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7F6389B1A140BB656" box="[2500,2571,3395,3428]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Utah</collectingRegion>
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||
, E
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7FA859B2A1BFEB6BE" box="[1401,1534,3443,3468]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7F9F39B2A1894B6BE" box="[1551,1684,3443,3468]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
|
||
, W
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7F9369B2A192AB6BE" box="[1738,1834,3443,3468]" country="United States of America" name="Kansas" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">Kansas</collectingRegion>
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||
, and extreme NE
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||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF586AE7F7D79B2A16DCB6BE" box="[2091,2268,3443,3468]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="163" pageNumber="925">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF5F6AE0FCE597401B65BFF3" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF5F6AE0FCE597401B65BFF3" blockId="164.[793,1384,281,705]" lastBlockId="164.[177,1385,711,2481]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF5F6AE0FCE597401A2FBA04" bold="true" box="[793,1071,281,310]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body ¢.39
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF5F6AE0FAA197401D83BA6C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" unit="mm" value="41.0">41 mm</quantity>
|
||
, tail
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF5F6AE0FC2A97181A71BA6C" box="[982,1137,321,350]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" unit="mm" value="43.0" valueMax="49.0" valueMin="37.0">37-49 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ear
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF5F6AE0FB3497181B60BA6C" box="[1224,1376,321,350]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="12.0">12-16 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hindfoot
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF5F6AE0FC6197311A0EBAB7" box="[925,1038,360,389]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6-9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forearm 31:2-35-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF5F6AE0FAF197311B60BAB7" box="[1293,1376,360,389]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF5F6AE0FC7997D51DD6BA9F" box="[901,982,396,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" unit="g" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3-6 g</quantity>
|
||
. Females are slightly larger than males. The Western Small-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FCE697821D73BACE" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[794,883,475,508]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically similar to the Eastern Smallfooted
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FB9F945F1ABCB911" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1123,1212,518,547]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(M. leibir) and the Dark-nosed Small-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FAF194731B66B979" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1293,1382,554,587]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FCDB94081A12B940" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[807,1042,593,626]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanorhinus">M. melanorhinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Fur is long and silky. Pelage is generally paler than in other North American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FBEB94F91A6BB9F3" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1047,1131,672,705]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Dorsal hairs are bicolored, with blackish bases and flaxen to pale yellow tips; ventral hairs are is slightly paler, with dark brown bases and light yellow or nearly white tips. Ears are moderately long and extend slightly beyond nose when laid forward; tragus is long and narrow, being ¢.50% of ear length. Membranes, ears, and skin are blackish. Plagiopatagium is attached to feet by a broad band of membrane; calcar is distinctly keeled. Skull is moderate in size (greatest skull lengths 13-5-14-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF5F6AE0FCD495D51D84B89F" box="[808,900,908,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and compared with the Eastern SmallHfooted
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FE8E95EA1FCEB8E6" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[370,462,947,980]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the Dark-nosed Small-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FC7495EA1DE4B8E6" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[904,996,947,980]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF5F6AE0FB8895EA1B00B8E6" box="[1140,1280,947,980]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FAF195EA1B67B8E6" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1293,1383,947,980]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FF3C95821F88B8CE" baseAuthorityName="Audubon & Bachman" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[192,392,987,1020]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californicus">M. californicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the Western Small-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FCF695821D63B8CE" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[778,867,987,1020]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
hasless steeply sloping frontal bone, flatter and broader skull, and greater rostral breadth. Parietal is normally inclined forward; occipital is rounded posteriorly; braincase is flattened; sagittal crest is generally absent but, when present,is very low; and lambdoidal crests are generally present and low. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 50, with four pairs of metacentric and 17 pairs of acrocentric autosomes. X- and Y-chromosomes are submetacentric.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF5F6AE0FF4E92891D67BE6D" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF5F6AE0FF4E92891D67BE6D" blockId="164.[177,1385,711,2481]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF5F6AE0FF4E92891F21BFDB" bold="true" box="[178,289,1232,1257]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Grasslands with rock outcrops, coniferous forests, deserts, and dry shrublands, at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF5F6AE0FE0A92B61CA5BE22" box="[502,677,1263,1296]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" unit="m" value="1800.0" valueMax="3300.0" valueMin="300.0">300-3300 m</quantity>
|
||
. Along the Rockies and adjacent plains, Western Smallfooted
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FE8D934F1FCBBE05" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[369,459,1302,1335]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
are generally found in broken terrain of canyons and foothills, commonly in places with cover of trees or shrubs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF5F6AE0FF4F933C1F55BD16" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF5F6AE0FF4F933C1F55BD16" blockId="164.[177,1385,711,2481]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF5F6AE0FF4F933C1FBCBEB4" bold="true" box="[179,444,1381,1414]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Western Small-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FCB5933C1DA2BEB4" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[841,930,1381,1414]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an aerial insectivore that forages only c.
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF5F6AE0FEA093D41F94BE9C" box="[348,404,1421,1454]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
aboveground;it flights is erratic and slow. One-half of its foraging time is spent near rocks and cliffs and the remainder over open areas, forest canopy, and water. Diets contain
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FDF093851CBBBECF" box="[524,699,1500,1533]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
but also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FCC493851DA4BECF" box="[824,932,1500,1533]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FC4F93851A4EBECF" box="[947,1102,1500,1533]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FBA293851B23BECF" box="[1118,1315,1500,1533]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FF48905E1F52BD16" box="[180,338,1543,1572]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF5F6AE0FF4F90721FADBC23" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF5F6AE0FF4F90721FADBC23" blockId="164.[177,1385,711,2481]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF5F6AE0FF4F90721F39BD7E" bold="true" box="[179,313,1579,1612]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Western Small-footed Myotisis polygynandrous and reproduces seasonally, generally starting in early July. Mating season begins shortly before hibernation, and females store sperm until spring when ovulation and fertilization occur. Gestation lasts ¢.2 months. Most females give birth to one young, but twins have been reported. Parturition seems to occur in July-September. Sexual maturity typically occurs at just over a year of age.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF5F6AE0FF4D914E1DCCBCCC" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF5F6AE0FF4D914E1DCCBCCC" blockId="164.[177,1385,711,2481]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF5F6AE0FF4D914E1F9FBC0A" bold="true" box="[177,415,1815,1848]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Western Small-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FCD2914E1D88BC0A" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[814,904,1815,1848]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
begins foraging before full dark, and activity is concentrated in the three first hours of the night. It hibernates from early autumn through winter. It roosts in rock crevices,cliffs, abandoned mines, caves, and occasionally tunnels and buildings and under tree bark and rocks scattered on the ground. In
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF5F6AE0FE7491EC1C11BCE4" box="[392,529,1973,2006]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
|
||
, calls had mean maximum frequency of 62-4 kHz, minimum frequency of 40-3 kHz, and duration of 3-5 milliseconds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF5F6AE0FF4E9E511C69B3F1" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF5F6AE0FF4E9E511C69B3F1" blockId="164.[177,1385,711,2481]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF5F6AE0FF4E9E511D74B317" bold="true" box="[178,884,2056,2085]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
While foraging, no Western Smallfooted
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FEE79E721F75B37E" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[283,373,2091,2124]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
were reported further than
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF5F6AE0FCE19E721D63B37E" box="[797,867,2091,2124]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
from their roost or foraging areas. Western Small-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FE0E9E0A1C4BB346" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[498,587,2131,2164]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
tend to be more solitary than congeners. In summer, pregnant females form maternity colonies of up to 20 individuals (adults and young), but sometimes they are solitary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF5F6AE0FF4E9E931C9DB253" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF5F6AE0FF4E9E931C9DB253" blockId="164.[177,1385,711,2481]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF5F6AE0FF4E9E931C10B3D9" bold="true" box="[178,528,2250,2283]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Western SmallHfooted
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF5F6AE0FE579EA01C05B220" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[427,517,2297,2322]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widespread, common over most of its distribution, occurs in protected areas, and is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF5F6AE0FF4E9F291A47B283" pageId="164" pageNumber="926" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF5F6AE0FF4E9F291A47B283" blockId="164.[177,1385,711,2481]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF5F6AE0FF4E9F291F4BB2BB" bold="true" box="[178,331,2416,2441]" pageId="164" pageNumber="926">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Armstrong et al. (2011), Arroyo-Cabrales & Alvarez-Castafeda (2017h), Halloway & Barclay (2001), Landry (2004), O'Farrell et al. (1999), Simmons (2005), Wilson & Ruff (1999).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |