236 lines
28 KiB
XML
236 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="F38E44CCCED89147F99B686E18A95B26" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF486AF7FF9295561867BA56" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Myotis levis" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="941" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="941" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:mods id="7950673740D5C2B5AEC3C24BFA7B8165" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="AF68613E453237F958711510421992C1">
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<mods:title id="FF866BE6E384EA9ED264FBD745EF87AE">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="94598813CD30A7B1760E295859A18145" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="48D84874B4B4F71AFAF94A2C7D4028C9">
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<mods:roleTerm id="924B47889018BAEB36CDC629FB5392D6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0ADEC290B081F575CBC25C443DE6E8C1">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="869B6167172F664A1C9CD7A144F82FEC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C62C8262DB000584F0FFB8BB95ECFDFD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F47199DB11B6067321D424B2CF2ED0A4">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9C85E43C794DF41E305138DD3BD9D531">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:originInfo id="08F0EF8F829F0EFB0F5168600D60D835">
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<mods:dateIssued id="5987E52A371517DDBCC784D5733D087A">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="429E3258107DFBC433EAD106339A5B18" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="9E8EC5EF69633EAFFA160D4A24974FC9">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="CCD040299545531C7A48FF6BA3878646">
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<mods:placeTerm id="D1D1ACF28D92E70C27DDEDFCF355D217">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo id="23FE511A96AB0AB25F2A8262085DE28C">
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<mods:title id="1F5E90BD0668A90D1E40F25BC16FE2CB">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="4D0BB46743DCBC1FE879C5501FB93B3A">
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<mods:extent id="2855B9C08E657F84278424BDA9E8CAB7" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="CF766BC51842A59A25286A70C8B78356">716</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="1A01B5E387353C7E48EC8A7D95B153AF">981</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="E394846BFBEF81869D530A1246EDAADC">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DDC902CD92AC91C64BA47BCF7A4B911D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1FC9760CAAA87BF6F8FA0EAA0CDD812C" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF486AF7FF9295561867BA56" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403741" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628217" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403741" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF486AF7FF9295561867BA56" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF486AF7FF9295561867BA56" lastPageNumber="941" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FF9295561EC1B80F" box="[110,193,783,829]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FF9295561EC1B80F" blockId="179.[108,958,783,872]" box="[110,193,783,829]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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<heading id="9F638192FF486AF7FF9295561EC1B80F" box="[110,193,783,829]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF486AF7FF9295561EC1B80F" box="[110,193,783,829]" captionStart="Plate 71: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="175.[135,165,3283,3308]" captionTargetBox="[14,2759,17,3659]" captionTargetPageId="174" captionText="394. Gray Myotis (Myotis grisescens), 395. South-eastern Myotis (Myotis austroriparius), 396. Yuma Myotis (Myotis yumanensis), 397. Cave Myotis (Myotis velifer), 398. Peninsular Myotis (Myotis peninsularis), 399. Guatemalan Myotis (Myotis cobanensis), 400. Chilean Myotis (Myotis chiloensis), 401. Silver-upped Myotis (Myotis albescens), 402. Yellowish Myotis (Myotis levis), 403. Dinelli’s Myotis (Myotis dinellu), 404. Izecksohn’s Myotis (Myotis izecksohni), 405. LaVal's Myotis (Myotis lavali), 406. Montane Myotis (Myotis oxyotus), 407. Clyde Jones's Myotis (Myotis clydejonesi), 408. Schwartz's Myotis (Myotis martiniquensis), 409. Dominican Myotis (Myotis dominicensis), 410. Barbados Myotis (Myotis nyctor), 411. Atacama Myotis (Myotis atacamensis), 412. Curacao Myotis (Myotis nesopolus), 413. Colombian Black Myotis (Myotis caucensis), 414. Sir David Attenborough’s Myotis (Myotis attenboroughi), 415. Handley’s Myotis (Myotis handleyi), 416. Diminutive Myotis (Myotis diminutus), 417. Common Black Myotis (Myotis nigricans), 418. Brandt's Myotis (Myotis brandtii), 419. Siberian Whiskered Myots (Myotis sibiricus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398942/files/figure.png" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">402.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FF3195561C22B80F" box="[205,546,783,829]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FF3195561C22B80F" blockId="179.[108,958,783,872]" box="[205,546,783,829]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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<heading id="9F638192FF486AF7FF3195561C22B80F" box="[205,546,783,829]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF486AF7FF3195561C22B80F" ID-CoL="8LZHN" baseAuthorityName="I. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[205,546,783,829]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levis">Yellowish Myotis</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FDAA95561D30B80F" box="[598,816,783,829]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FDAA95561D30B80F" blockId="179.[108,958,783,872]" box="[598,816,783,829]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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<heading id="9F638192FF486AF7FDAA95561D30B80F" box="[598,816,783,829]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FDAA95561D30B80F" ID-CoL="8LZHN" baseAuthorityName="I. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[598,816,783,829]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levis">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FDAA95561D30B80F" box="[598,816,783,829]" italics="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Myotis levis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FF9295161DBEB856" box="[110,958,847,868]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FF9295161DBEB856" blockId="179.[108,958,783,872]" box="[110,958,847,868]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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<heading id="9F638192FF486AF7FF9295161DBEB856" box="[110,958,847,868]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FF9295161EB9B856" bold="true" box="[110,185,847,868]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF486AF7FF3F95161F35B856" ID-CoL="8LZHN" baseAuthorityName="I. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[195,309,847,868]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levis">Murin | éger</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FEB695161FA4B856" bold="true" box="[330,420,847,868]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF486AF7FE5195161C75B856" ID-CoL="8LZHN" baseAuthorityName="I. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[429,629,847,868]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levis">Gelbliches Mausohr</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FD7595161CE4B856" bold="true" box="[649,740,847,868]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF486AF7FD1295161DBEB856" ID-CoL="8LZHN" baseAuthorityName="I. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[750,958,847,868]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levis">Ratonero amarillento</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FD2F95CB1DDFB8E9" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FD2F95CB1DDFB8E9" blockId="179.[723,1316,914,1341]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FD2F95CB1D6FB881" bold="true" box="[723,879,914,947]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FC6D95CB1DDBB8E9" ID-CoL="8LJ7P" authorityName="I. Geoffroy" authorityYear="1824" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levis">Vespertilio levis 1. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1824</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FC17959B1A5AB8E9" box="[1003,1114,962,987]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FC17959B1A5AB8E9" blockId="179.[723,1316,914,1341]" box="[1003,1114,962,987]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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||
<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF486AF7FC17959B1A5AB8E9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319314" box="[1003,1114,962,987]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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“
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF486AF7FC0A959B1A4AB8E9" box="[1014,1098,962,987]" name="Brazil" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Brésil</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FD2895B91A42BF1B" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FD2895B91A42BF1B" blockId="179.[723,1316,914,1341]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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Subgenus Pizonyx;
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FC2395B91A4EBF33" authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1806" box="[991,1102,992,1025]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albescens">albescens</taxonomicName>
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species group.
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF486AF7FD2892551D03BF1B" box="[724,771,1036,1065]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">See</collectingRegion>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FCF292551D96BF1B" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1902" box="[782,918,1036,1065]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dinellii">M. dinellii</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FD2F926D1D51BF92" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="distribution">
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<caption id="90EB6676FF486AF7FD2F926D1D51BF92" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398777" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398777/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" targetBox="[108,700,923,1338]" targetPageId="179">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FD2F926D1D51BF92" blockId="179.[723,1316,914,1341]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FD2F926D1D84BF63" bold="true" box="[723,900,1076,1105]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Occurs in Atlantic Forest, from SE & S
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF486AF7FC6A920E1DE5BF4A" box="[918,997,1111,1144]" name="Brazil" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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to NE
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF486AF7FBAE920E1AE1BF4A" box="[1106,1249,1111,1144]" name="Argentina" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF486AF7FD2892DA1D4EBF92" box="[724,846,1155,1184]" name="Uruguay" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FD2F92FF1DCFB391" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FD2F92FF1DCFB391" blockId="179.[723,1316,914,1341]" lastBlockId="179.[108,1320,1356,3474]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FD2F92FF1DE9BFF5" bold="true" box="[723,1001,1190,1223]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body ¢.38
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||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FAE492FF1D3EBFDC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="52.0">52 mm</quantity>
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, tail
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FC6C92881A2CBFDC" box="[912,1068,1233,1262]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="42.0">42-48 mm</quantity>
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, ear
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FB7E92881B1CBFDC" box="[1154,1308,1233,1262]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="14.0">14-19 mm</quantity>
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, forearm 36-2-43.7 mm, hindfoot
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||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FD2893451D59BE0F" box="[724,857,1308,1341]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">8-12 mm</quantity>
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||
; weight
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||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FC3393451A2DBE0F" box="[975,1069,1308,1341]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="g" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5-10 g</quantity>
|
||
. Furis long (dorsal fur
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FF3793151F3DBE57" box="[203,317,1356,1381]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="5.0">5-9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; ventral fur
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FE1B93151C58BE57" box="[487,600,1356,1381]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4-8 mm</quantity>
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||
) and silky. Dorsal hairs are bicolored, with black or dark brown bases (two-thirds the total length) and yellowish brown or medium brown to light grayish brown tips; bases and tips contrast slightly. Ventral hairs are bicolored, with blackish brown bases (two-thirds the total length) and light-yellow, light-brown or grayish-brown tips, going white when approaching uropatagium; bases and tips in ventral fur contrast more than in dorsal fur. Some specimens have a frosted appearance. Ears are comparatively long, extending forward halfway from eye to nostril. Antitragal notch is barely evident. Tragus is long and pointed, slightly curving outward above and convex below, with small triangular lobule at outer base (length
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FB7690D91B12BD93" box="[1162,1298,1664,1697]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">6-10 mm</quantity>
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). Membranes are dark brown, and plagiopatagium is broadly attached to foot at base of toes. Fringe of hairs along trailing edge of uropatagium is conspicuous. Skull is medium-sized to large (greatest length of skull 14-3-15-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FC6690AF1DF5BC25" box="[922,1013,1782,1815]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
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||
); contour of skull in profile has gradual decay of parietal to frontal; posterior region of skull is formed by interparietal and supraoccipital bones, projected beyond posterior border of occipital condyles; rostrum is elongated and has narrow postorbital constriction (3-4—4-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FB4091341B11BCBC" box="[1212,1297,1901,1934]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
); sagittal crest is generally absent, but when present,it is very low; lambdoidalcrests are usually present, ranging from low to medium; P? is generally aligned with P* and visible in profile view, but it is displaced to lingual side in a few specimens. Bacula are rather broad and stout; mean measurements were length
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FCA19E4A1DE0B31E" box="[861,992,2067,2092]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="39.5" valueMax="79.0" valueMin="0.0">0-79 mm</quantity>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FBAA9E4A1AD9B31E" box="[1110,1241,2067,2092]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="0.0">0-35 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and width
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FF399E6A1F44B366" box="[197,324,2099,2132]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="0.0">0-42 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 50, with three large pairs and one small pair of metacentric and 17 pairs of acrocentric autosomes. Large X-chromosome and small Y-chromosome are submetacentric.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FF929EE81C5EB3C0" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FF929EE81C5EB3C0" blockId="179.[108,1320,1356,3474]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FF929EE81EDDB3F8" bold="true" box="[110,221,2225,2250]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Upland rainforests, Araucaria forests, Pampa grasslands, savannas, and scrubsteppe at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF486AF7FE539E881C5AB3C0" box="[431,602,2257,2290]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" unit="m" value="1100.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="300.0">300-1900 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FF919EA11ADAB255" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FF919EA11ADAB255" blockId="179.[108,1320,1356,3474]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FF919EA11F79B22B" bold="true" box="[109,377,2296,2329]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Yellowish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FDA49EA11CB2B22B" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[600,690,2296,2329]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
forages in open areas and forests and over water, capturing prey in flight. Stomach contents from Brazilian Atlantic Forest contained
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FF2C9F1F1F80B255" box="[208,384,2374,2407]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FE6D9F1F1C2FB255" box="[401,559,2374,2407]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FDBC9F1F1CDBB255" box="[576,731,2374,2407]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and other unidentified arthropods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FF919F371F76B191" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FF919F371F76B191" blockId="179.[108,1320,1356,3474]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FF919F371EF7B2BD" bold="true" box="[109,247,2414,2447]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF486AF7FED49F371FBBB2BD" box="[296,443,2414,2447]" name="Argentina" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, pregnant Yellowish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FD1E9F371D3DB2BD" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[738,829,2414,2447]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
were caught in October; lactating females in December—January; males with external testicles in April, June, August and November; and young in January, May, September, and November. In southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF486AF7FF939FBD1EC2B137" box="[111,194,2532,2565]" name="Brazil" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, lactating and post-lactating females were recorded in January. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF486AF7FB5E9FBD1B1DB137" box="[1186,1309,2532,2565]" name="Uruguay" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, reproductive activity seems to occur mainly in January-March. These data suggest year-round breeding but with greater concentration in summer. Sex ratio of adults in colony in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF486AF7FE5D9C031FF2B149" box="[417,498,2650,2683]" name="Brazil" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
suggested formation of seasonal multimale-multifemale polygynous group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FF909CF01A40B085" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FF909CF01A40B085" blockId="179.[108,1320,1356,3474]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FF909CF01F5BB1F8" bold="true" box="[108,347,2729,2762]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Yellowish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FE0A9CF01C50B1F8" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[502,592,2729,2762]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
emerge just before sunset. Diurnal roosts include caves, tree hollows, under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FE219C881D18B1C0" box="[477,792,2769,2802]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
bark, and human constructions (e.g. house roofs). Wing morphology and echolocation frequency are typical of aerial insectivore that uses cluttered spaces. Echolocation calls have FM initial component, terminating with short CF component. Mean call parameters are peak frequency of 65-6 kHz, lowest frequency of 46 kHz, highest frequency of 80-8 kHz, bandwidth of 34-8 kHz, call duration of 1-5 milliseconds, and pulse interval of 77-2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FF929D9B1CC8B7C1" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FF929D9B1CC8B7C1" blockId="179.[108,1320,1356,3474]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FF929D9B1D31B0ED" bold="true" box="[110,817,3010,3039]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF486AF7FC9B9D9B1DDFB0ED" box="[871,991,3010,3039]" name="Uruguay" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Yellowish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FB879D9B1AD4B0ED" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1147,1236,3010,3039]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
form large colonies in caves, some with more than a thousand individuals. A grouping sheltered in the roof of a house in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF486AF7FD489A541D03B71C" box="[692,771,3085,3118]" name="Brazil" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
had c.15,000 individuals and was considered a nursery colony due presence of reproductive females, subadults, and young. It can also form small groups, sharing roost with Common Vampire Bats (Desmodus rotundus), Small Big-eared Brown Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FD5D9ADA1DA8B796" baseAuthorityName="Philippi & Landbeck" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[673,936,3203,3236]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Histiotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">Histiotus montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and Brazilian Free-tailed Bats (Tadarida
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FEBE9AF31FD2B7F9" box="[322,466,3242,3275]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Eplesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">brasiliensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
). It will move locally, particularly when shelters have marked thermal differences and become unusable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FF939AA01DF2B670" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FF939AA01DF2B670" blockId="179.[108,1320,1356,3474]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FF939AA01FCAB628" bold="true" box="[111,458,3321,3354]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Yellowish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF486AF7FF5C9B781EF9B670" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[160,249,3361,3394]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widespread and presumably has a large population.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF486AF7FF8C9B081867BA56" pageId="179" pageNumber="941" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF486AF7FF8C9B081867BA56" blockId="179.[108,1320,1356,3474]" lastBlockId="179.[1385,2589,294,358]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF486AF7FF8C9B081F09B658" bold="true" box="[112,265,3409,3434]" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Arias-Aguilar et al. (2018), Barquez & Diaz (2016f), Barquez et al. (1999), Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1824), Gonzélez, E.M. (2001), Gonzalez, J.C. (1989), Loépez-Gonzalez et al. (2001), LaVal (1973b), Mares et al. (1995),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF486AF7FA41977F1815BA09" box="[1469,1557,294,315]" country="Venezuela" name="Miranda" pageId="179" pageNumber="941">Miranda</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Kaku-Oliveira et al. (2010), Moratelli & Morielle-Versute (2007), Reis et al. (2002), Varela et al. (2004), Wilson (2008b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |