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<document id="96281DA6BBE57316ED163BAE45960C83" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson &amp; Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF376A88FF579FD81BEDBD12" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Myotis siligorensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="966" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="966" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="E413434F2078FD3F2A1DF5EC7B4241F5">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B4FC29FA712E0412631925F219E5D8D7">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5F5750D6821560B9E0B7F1C4ED2813F2">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3F1552F4D14F4D872C6D6760014205BC">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF376A88FF579FD81BEDBD12" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6577938" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628136" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6577938" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF376A88FF579FD81BEDBD12" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF376A88FF579FD81BEDBD12" lastPageNumber="966" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FF579FD81EFEB29D" box="[171,254,2433,2479]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FF579FD81EFEB29D" blockId="204.[169,1272,2433,2562]" box="[171,254,2433,2479]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<heading id="9F638192FF376A88FF579FD81EFEB29D" box="[171,254,2433,2479]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF376A88FF579FD81EFEB29D" box="[171,254,2433,2479]" captionStart="Plate 73: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="199.[131,161,3286,3311]" captionTargetBox="[12,2760,18,3659]" captionTargetPageId="198" captionText="449. Hairy-faced Myotis (Myotis annectans), 450. Frosted Myotis (Myotis pruinosus), 451. Yanbaru Whiskered Myotis (Myotis yanbarensis), 452. Long-toed Myotis (Myotis secundus), 453. Bornean Whiskered Myotis (Myotis borneoensis), 454. Malaysian Whiskered Myotis (Myotis federatus), 455. Indochinese Myotis (Myotis indochinensis), 456. Peyton’s Myotis (Myotis peytoni), 457. Burmese Whiskered Myotis (Myotis montivagus), 458. Long-fingered Myotis (Myotis capaccinii), 459. Chinese Water Myotis (Myotis laniger), 460. Csorba’s Myotis (Myotis csorbai), 461. Kashmir Cave Myotis (Myotis longipes), 462. Annamit Myotis (Myotis annamiticus), 463. Phan Luong’s Myotis (Myotis phanluongi), 464. Himalayan Whiskered Myotis (Myotis siligorensis), 465. Chestnut Myotis (Myotis badius), 466. Ridley’s Myotis (Myotis ridleyi), 467. Thick-thumbed Myotis (Myotis rosseti), 468. Horsfield’s Myotis (Myotis horsfieldii), 469. Pallid Large-footed Myotis (Myotis macrotarsus), 470. Stalker’s Myotis (Myotis stalkeri), 471. Gray Large-footed Myotis (Myotis adversus), 472. Maluku Myotis (Myotis moluccarum), 473. Southern Myotis (Myotis macropus), 474. Lesser Large-footed Myotis (Myotis hasseltii)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398948/files/figure.png" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">464.</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FEF39FD81D72B29D" box="[271,882,2433,2479]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FEF39FD81D72B29D" blockId="204.[169,1272,2433,2562]" box="[271,882,2433,2479]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<heading id="9F638192FF376A88FEF39FD81D72B29D" box="[271,882,2433,2479]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF376A88FEF39FD81D72B29D" ID-CoL="8LZM7" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[271,882,2433,2479]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">Himalayan Whiskered Myotis</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FC5A9FD81AF7B29D" box="[934,1271,2433,2479]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FC5A9FD81AF7B29D" blockId="204.[169,1272,2433,2562]" box="[934,1271,2433,2479]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<heading id="9F638192FF376A88FC5A9FD81AF7B29D" box="[934,1271,2433,2479]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88FC5A9FD81AF7B29D" ID-CoL="8LZM7" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[934,1271,2433,2479]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FC5A9FD81AF7B29D" box="[934,1271,2433,2479]" italics="true" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Myotis siligorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FF579F981A09B2CC" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FF579F981A52B2E4" blockId="204.[169,1272,2433,2562]" box="[171,1106,2497,2518]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<heading id="9F638192FF376A88FF579F981A52B2E4" box="[171,1106,2497,2518]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FF579F981EF6B2E4" bold="true" box="[171,246,2497,2518]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF376A88FEFC9F981FA1B2E4" ID-CoL="8LZM7" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[256,417,2497,2518]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">Murin de Siliguri</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FE4B9F981C12B2E4" bold="true" box="[439,530,2497,2518]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF376A88FDE09F981D16B2E4" ID-CoL="8LZM7" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[540,790,2497,2518]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">Himalaya-Bartfledermaus</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FCD79F981D86B2E4" bold="true" box="[811,902,2497,2518]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF376A88FC6C9F981A52B2E4" ID-CoL="8LZM7" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[912,1106,2497,2518]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">Ratonero de Siliguri</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FF569FB01A09B2CC" blockId="204.[169,1272,2433,2562]" box="[170,1033,2537,2558]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<heading id="9F638192FF376A88FF569FB01A09B2CC" box="[170,1033,2537,2558]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FF569FB01FA2B2CC" bold="true" box="[170,418,2537,2558]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF376A88FE509FB01CADB2CC" ID-CoL="8LZM7" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[428,685,2537,2558]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">Himalayan Whiskered Bat</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF376A88FD469FB01D25B2CC" ID-CoL="8LZM7" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[698,805,2537,2558]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">Siliguri Bat</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF376A88FCCF9FB01A09B2CC" ID-CoL="8LZM7" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[819,1033,2537,2558]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">Small-toothed Myotis</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FCEC9C771D5AB140" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FCEC9C771D5AB140" blockId="204.[784,1378,2606,3029]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FCEC9C771DABB179" bold="true" box="[784,939,2606,2635]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88FC419C771D55B140" ID-CoL="8LJ8J" authority="Horsfield, 1855" authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">Vespertilio siligorensis Horsfield, 1855</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FC999C0C1DBFB140" box="[869,959,2645,2674]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FC999C0C1DBFB140" blockId="204.[784,1378,2606,3029]" box="[869,959,2645,2674]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF376A88FC999C0C1DBFB140" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319462" box="[869,959,2645,2674]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88FC999C0C1DBAB140" box="[869,954,2645,2674]" name="Nepal" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Nepal</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FCED9C251A9BB005" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FCED9C251A9BB005" blockId="204.[784,1378,2606,3029]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
Subgenus
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88FC589C251DF8B1AB" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[932,1016,2684,2713]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88FBF59C251A90B1AB" authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1855" box="[1033,1168,2684,2713]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">siligorensis</taxonomicName>
species group.
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88FCEE9CF91DF7B1F3" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[786,1015,2720,2753]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">Myotis siligorensis</taxonomicName>
as currently defined represents a species complex, and subspecies alticraniatus is probably a distinct species. Four subspecies recognized.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FCEE9D1B1F46B7DE" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="distribution">
<caption id="90EB6676FF376A88FCEE9D1B1F46B7DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398920" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398920/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" targetBox="[169,761,2615,3029]" targetPageId="204">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FCEE9D1B1FD7B0CD" blockId="204.[784,1378,2606,3029]" lastBlockId="204.[173,1380,3046,3464]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FCEE9D1B1AA2B06D" bold="true" box="[786,1186,2882,2911]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88FCEE9D3C1FD7B0CD" authority="Horsfield, 1855" authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1855" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="siligorensis" subSpecies="siligorensis">M.s.siligorensisHorsfield,1855—NIndia(Uttarakhand,Sikkim,WestBengal,andMeghalaya,)andENepal.MaypossiblyalsooccurinBhutan.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FF529A5C1D04B714" blockId="204.[173,1380,3046,3464]" box="[174,772,3077,3110]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88FF529A5C1D04B714" authority="Osgood, 1932" authorityName="Osgood" authorityYear="1932" box="[174,772,3077,3110]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="siligorensis" subSpecies="alticraniatus">M.s.alticraniatusOsgood,1932—Vietnam.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FF529A6D1A4CB77F" blockId="204.[173,1380,3046,3464]" box="[174,1100,3124,3149]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88FF529A6D1A4CB77F" authority="A. B. Howell, 1926" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1926" box="[174,1100,3124,3149]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="siligorensis" subSpecies="sowerbyi">M.s.sowerbyiA.B.Howell,1926—SWChina(Fujian)andHainan.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FF529A021C11B7AF" blockId="204.[173,1380,3046,3464]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88FF529A021C37B746" authority="Shamel, 1942" authorityName="Shamel" authorityYear="1942" box="[174,567,3163,3188]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="siligorensis" subSpecies="thaianus">M. s. thaianus Shamel, 1942</taxonomicName>
— S
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88FD879A021CD0B746" box="[635,720,3163,3188]" name="China" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF376A88FD149A021D5BB746" box="[744,859,3163,3188]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
), N &amp; E
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88FC219A021A61B746" box="[989,1121,3163,3188]" name="Myanmar" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, N &amp; C
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88FB269A021B5CB746" box="[1242,1372,3163,3188]" name="Thailand" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, [
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88FF489AD91EF0B7AF" box="[180,240,3200,3229]" name="Laos" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Laos</collectingCountry>
, and WC
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88FE879AD91C0EB7AF" box="[379,526,3200,3229]" name="Cambodia" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FF529AFB1F46B7DE" blockId="204.[173,1380,3046,3464]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
Populations in Malay Peninsula and N Borneo (
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF376A88FCA19AFB1DB4B7F1" box="[861,948,3234,3267]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Sabah</collectingRegion>
) have not been allocated to a subspecies.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FF519AA817B0B971" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="description">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FF519AA817B0B971" blockId="204.[173,1380,3046,3464]" lastBlockId="204.[1441,2651,270,1570]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FF519AA81FAAB620" bold="true" box="[173,426,3313,3346]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head-body 26-
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, tail
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, ear
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, hindfoot
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF376A88FF529B411F20B60B" box="[174,288,3352,3385]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4-7 mm</quantity>
, forearm
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF376A88FE509B411C40B60B" box="[428,576,3352,3385]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" unit="mm" value="33.0" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="30.0">30-36 mm</quantity>
; weight 2:
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. The Himalayan Whiskered
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88FB509B411B05B60B" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1196,1285,3352,3385]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
is very small. Dorsal pelage is dark brown (hairs with dark brown bases and medium brown tips); ventral pelage is creamy buff (hairs with dark bases and pale creamy buff tips). Ears are long, and tragus is long and slender, with bluntly pointed tip. Wings attach to bases of outer toes, and feet are small. Baculum is extremely small, with narrowly rounded tip and simple, unbifurcated base, being abruptly narrowed in lateral view about halfway to tip. Skull is small and distinctly domed; C' is barely taller than P* P” is two-thirds the crown area, one-half the height of P#, and in tooth row; C1 is less than or equalto height of and crown area of P; P, is one-half the crown area and two-thirds the height of P_; lower molars, like those oF the rest of the
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88F76597A31720B929" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[2201,2336,506,539]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">siligorensis</taxonomicName>
group, are nyctaldont or etanyaldont Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FNa = 52.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FA5E94141852B9D0" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FA5E94141852B9D0" blockId="204.[1441,2651,270,1570]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FA5E94141811B958" bold="true" box="[1442,1553,589,618]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Habitat.</emphasis>
Montane forests (Himalayas), secondary lowland forests (
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88F6AC941417ABB958" box="[2384,2475,589,618]" name="China" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">China</collectingCountry>
), near limestone regions (
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88F978942918CBB9A3" box="[1668,1739,624,657]" name="Laos" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Laos</collectingCountry>
), secondary and primary forests (
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88F73594291747B9A3" box="[2249,2375,624,657]" name="Vietnam" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
), highly disturbed agricultural areas (
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88F94E94C1193FB98B" box="[1714,1855,664,697]" name="Myanmar" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
), and dry evergreen forests (
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88F71894C11765B98B" box="[2276,2405,664,697]" name="Thailand" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Thailand</collectingCountry>
) at elevations of
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF376A88FA5F9498184FB9D0" box="[1443,1615,705,738]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.63" metricValueMax="2.77" metricValueMin="0.49" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" unit="m" value="1630.0" valueMax="2770.0" valueMin="490.0">490-2770 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FA5E94BE18B4B8B2" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FA5E94BE18B4B8B2" blockId="204.[1441,2651,270,1570]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FA5E94BE18B2B83A" bold="true" box="[1442,1714,743,776]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
Himalayan Whiskered
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88F7F294BE1668B83A" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[2062,2152,743,776]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
are apparently fly high and have been reported entering people’s houses to capture insects. In
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88F6C2955717BFB81D" box="[2366,2495,782,815]" name="Thailand" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, they flew
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF376A88FA58956F1BFAB865" box="[1444,1530,822,855]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" unit="m" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2-5 m</quantity>
aboveground while foraging, spending 10-15 minutes in a single area before moving to the next.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FA5F95DC1456B894" box="[1443,2646,901,934]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FA5F95DC1456B894" blockId="204.[1441,2651,270,1570]" box="[1443,2646,901,934]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FA5F95DC1828B894" bold="true" box="[1443,1576,901,934]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Breeding.</emphasis>
A pregnant Himalayan Whiskered
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88F7F395DC1668B894" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[2063,2152,901,934]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
was caught in early May in
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88F62495DC1452B894" box="[2520,2642,901,934]" name="Vietnam" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FA5D95F51434BF59" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="activity">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FA5D95F51434BF59" blockId="204.[1441,2651,270,1570]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FA5D95F5188AB8FF" bold="true" box="[1441,1674,940,973]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
Himalayan Whiskered
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88F82E95F5162CB8FF" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[2002,2092,940,973]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
are known to roost in caves and cervices in rocks and old buildings. They are most active at dusk and dawn, leaving their roost to forage at dusk and returning to their roost c.30 minutes before sunrise. In
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88F62C95A21451BF2E" box="[2512,2641,1019,1052]" name="Thailand" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, they left cave roosts a little after sunset and hunted until 02:00 h. Calls are steep FM sweep, with peak frequency of 66 kHz and duration of 5-4 milliseconds (
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF376A88F65C92131427BF59" box="[2464,2599,1098,1131]" name="Thailand" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Thailand</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FA5F92281927BFD0" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FA5F92281927BFD0" blockId="204.[1441,2651,270,1570]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FA5F92281668BFA0" bold="true" box="[1443,2152,1137,1170]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Himalayan Whiskered
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88F64592281413BFA0" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[2489,2579,1137,1170]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
typically roost in small groups of only a few individuals, but colonies of up to ¢.1200 individuals have been reported.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FA5892B1160CBEB2" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FA5892B1160CBEB2" blockId="204.[1441,2651,270,1570]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FA5892B11900BE3B" bold="true" box="[1444,1792,1256,1289]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Himalayan Whiskered
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88F964935618F1BE02" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1688,1777,1295,1328]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
does not appear to face any
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF376A88F76C935616E3BE02" authorityName="J. E. Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[2192,2275,1295,1328]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
threats. It probably represents a species complex, and additional taxonomic work is needed to clarify how many taxa there are and their conservation status.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF376A88FA5993D71BEDBD12" pageId="204" pageNumber="966" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF376A88FA5993D71BEDBD12" blockId="204.[1441,2651,270,1570]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF376A88FA5993D7183EBE95" bold="true" box="[1445,1598,1422,1447]" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Bates &amp; Harrison (1997), Bates et al. (2005), Das (2003), Findley (1972), Harada, Yenbutra, Tsuchiya &amp; Takada (1985), Hutson,
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF376A88F8DC93EF197FBEFD" box="[1824,1919,1462,1487]" country="Jamaica" name="Kingston" pageId="204" pageNumber="966">Kingston</collectingRegion>
, Molur &amp; Srinivasulu (2008), Kruskop (2013a), Kruskop &amp; Borisenko (2013), Ruedi, Csorba et al. (2015), Ruedi, Stadelmann et al. (2013), Smith &amp; Xie Yan (2008), Surlykke et al. (1993).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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