270 lines
34 KiB
XML
270 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="278255ADE6EF39B844A41F84E4DCA0E0" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF2B6A94FF519A191646B622" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Myotis hasseltii" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="970" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="970" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9F9342FAA6878AC2899D8259730783DD">
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<mods:title id="8FF140689959EC1D7A4D895A0A72D46A">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7EF4DC36B0C7F3DD855D6E77A829319D">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F1BFAB438A9D4B8A73CF1AA914378025">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="16C156AA4A38FFBC2EDEEAC9C486DF08">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="BAEC7136DB9B85E21CEE56679A653908" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="84A1D25F931BA7BDBF0FBFF404B42D71">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="A80D017F29F8587D9D41783C6A3337A2">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="CAD2DCA02B480253396D5329597D7DF8">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="F6CD3DEF04D9C956FB81443FB2E4BB28">716</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="E2E83C3D599F594820FFF60B566A443F">981</mods:end>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF2B6A94FF519A191646B622" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6577956" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628189" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6577956" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF2B6A94FF519A191646B622" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF2B6A94FF519A191646B622" lastPageNumber="970" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF519A191F00B740" box="[173,256,3136,3186]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF519A191F00B740" blockId="208.[171,1305,3136,3269]" box="[173,256,3136,3186]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<heading id="9F638192FF2B6A94FF519A191F00B740" box="[173,256,3136,3186]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF2B6A94FF519A191F00B740" box="[173,256,3136,3186]" captionStart="Plate 73: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="199.[131,161,3286,3311]" captionTargetBox="[12,2760,18,3659]" captionTargetPageId="198" captionText="449. Hairy-faced Myotis (Myotis annectans), 450. Frosted Myotis (Myotis pruinosus), 451. Yanbaru Whiskered Myotis (Myotis yanbarensis), 452. Long-toed Myotis (Myotis secundus), 453. Bornean Whiskered Myotis (Myotis borneoensis), 454. Malaysian Whiskered Myotis (Myotis federatus), 455. Indochinese Myotis (Myotis indochinensis), 456. Peyton’s Myotis (Myotis peytoni), 457. Burmese Whiskered Myotis (Myotis montivagus), 458. Long-fingered Myotis (Myotis capaccinii), 459. Chinese Water Myotis (Myotis laniger), 460. Csorba’s Myotis (Myotis csorbai), 461. Kashmir Cave Myotis (Myotis longipes), 462. Annamit Myotis (Myotis annamiticus), 463. Phan Luong’s Myotis (Myotis phanluongi), 464. Himalayan Whiskered Myotis (Myotis siligorensis), 465. Chestnut Myotis (Myotis badius), 466. Ridley’s Myotis (Myotis ridleyi), 467. Thick-thumbed Myotis (Myotis rosseti), 468. Horsfield’s Myotis (Myotis horsfieldii), 469. Pallid Large-footed Myotis (Myotis macrotarsus), 470. Stalker’s Myotis (Myotis stalkeri), 471. Gray Large-footed Myotis (Myotis adversus), 472. Maluku Myotis (Myotis moluccarum), 473. Southern Myotis (Myotis macropus), 474. Lesser Large-footed Myotis (Myotis hasseltii)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398948/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">474.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FEED9A191D41B740" box="[273,833,3136,3186]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FEED9A191D41B740" blockId="208.[171,1305,3136,3269]" box="[273,833,3136,3186]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<heading id="9F638192FF2B6A94FEED9A191D41B740" box="[273,833,3136,3186]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FEED9A191D41B740" ID-CoL="8M23B" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[273,833,3136,3186]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">Lesser Large-footed Myotis</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FC899A191A93B740" box="[885,1171,3136,3186]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FC899A191A93B740" blockId="208.[171,1305,3136,3269]" box="[885,1171,3136,3186]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<heading id="9F638192FF2B6A94FC899A191A93B740" box="[885,1171,3136,3186]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FC899A191A93B740" ID-CoL="8M23B" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[885,1171,3136,3186]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FC899A191A93B740" box="[885,1171,3136,3186]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Myotis hasseltii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF519ADD1B18B7F3" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF519ADD1A3FB7AB" blockId="208.[171,1305,3136,3269]" box="[173,1087,3204,3225]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<heading id="9F638192FF2B6A94FF519ADD1A3FB7AB" box="[173,1087,3204,3225]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF519ADD1EF8B7AB" bold="true" box="[173,248,3204,3225]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FEFE9ADD1FADB7AB" ID-CoL="8M23B" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[258,429,3204,3225]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">Murin de Hasselt</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FE3E9ADD1C1CB7AB" bold="true" box="[450,540,3204,3225]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FDDF9ADD1CFAB7AB" ID-CoL="8M23B" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[547,762,3204,3225]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">Van-Hasselt-Mausohr</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FCF29ADD1D69B7AB" bold="true" box="[782,873,3204,3225]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FC889ADD1A3FB7AB" ID-CoL="8M23B" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[884,1087,3204,3225]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">Ratonero de Hasselt</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF509AF51B18B7F3" blockId="208.[171,1305,3136,3269]" box="[172,1304,3244,3265]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<heading id="9F638192FF2B6A94FF509AF51B18B7F3" box="[172,1304,3244,3265]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF509AF51FA3B7F3" bold="true" box="[172,419,3244,3265]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FE519AF51C17B7F3" ID-CoL="8M23B" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[429,535,3244,3265]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">Brown Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FDD99AF51D53B7F3" ID-CoL="8M23B" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[549,851,3244,3265]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">Hasselt's Large-footed Myotis</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FC9D9AF51A60B7F3" ID-CoL="8M23B" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[865,1120,3244,3265]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">Lesser Large-toothed Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FB969AF51B18B7F3" ID-CoL="8M23B" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[1130,1304,3244,3265]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">
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||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FB969AF51A8DB7F3" box="[1130,1165,3244,3265]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Van</collectingRegion>
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Hasselt's Bat
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF509AB61D37B622" box="[172,823,3311,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF509AB61D37B622" blockId="208.[170,1206,3311,3352]" box="[172,823,3311,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF509AB61F47B622" bold="true" box="[172,327,3311,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FEAB9AB61D33B622" ID-CoL="f58feb53-d395-47ed-8288-ae4a7bab3df3" authority="Temminck, 1840" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1840" box="[343,819,3311,3344]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">Vespertilio hasseltii Temminck, 1840</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FCBF9AB61AB4B622" box="[835,1204,3311,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FCBF9AB61AB4B622" blockId="208.[170,1206,3311,3352]" box="[835,1204,3311,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF2B6A94FCBF9AB61AB4B622" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319402" box="[835,1204,3311,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
“
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FCAD9AB61DBDB622" box="[849,957,3311,3344]" country="Indonesia" name="Banten" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Bantam</collectingRegion>
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,”
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||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FC299AB61A13B622" box="[981,1043,3311,3344]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Java</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94FBD89AB61AB1B622" box="[1060,1201,3311,3344]" name="Indonesia" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94F7F397481933B9D1" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94F7F397481933B9D1" blockId="208.[2063,2655,273,700]" lastBlockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F759974816F9BA00" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[2213,2297,273,306]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F6F297481788BA00" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[2318,2440,273,306]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horsfieldii">horsfieldii</taxonomicName>
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species group.
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||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94F7F39760163EBA68" box="[2063,2110,313,346]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">See</collectingRegion>
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M. ridley: and
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F6F3976017B7BA68" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[2319,2487,313,346]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">M. macropus</taxonomicName>
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. In the past some taxa (abbotti and macellus), now included under M.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F6F597D2176DBA9A" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1840" box="[2313,2413,395,424]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasseltii">hasseltii</taxonomicName>
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, have been treated as distinct species, treated as subspecies (continentis) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F71D9783177CBAC5" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[2273,2428,474,503]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adversus">M. adversus</taxonomicName>
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, or listed as subspecies (abbotti) under
|
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F6AD97A717EDB92D" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[2385,2541,510,543]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adversus">M. adversus</taxonomicName>
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||
. A comprehensive study (including all subspecies across its distribution) is needed to resolve its limits within the current subspecies concept and relationship to
|
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F64994C21459B98E" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[2485,2649,667,700]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adversus">M. adversus</taxonomicName>
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||
. Four subspecies recognized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FA5694B316F0BF2D" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="distribution">
|
||
<caption id="90EB6676FF2B6A94FA5694B316F0BF2D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398964" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398964/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" targetBox="[1447,2039,285,699]" targetPageId="208">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA5694B3144DB868" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FA5694B3193AB839" bold="true" box="[1450,1850,746,779]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FA579548144DB868" authority=": Temminck, 1840" authorityName=": Temminck" authorityYear="1840" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hasseltii" subSpecies="hasselti">M.h.hasselti:Temminck,1840—MalayPeninsula(includingoffshoreLangkawiI),RiauArchipelago,SWSumatra(BukitBarisanSelatanNationalPark),Java,andSumbawaI.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA579531169CB8B3" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" box="[1451,2204,872,897]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FA579531169CB8B3" authority="Lyon, 1916" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1916" box="[1451,2204,872,897]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hasseltii" subSpecies="abbotti">M.h.abbottiLyon,1916—MentawaiIs,offWSumatra.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA5695D11716B89B" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" box="[1450,2326,904,937]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FA5695D11716B89B" authority="Shamel, 1942" authorityName="Shamel" authorityYear="1942" box="[1450,2326,904,937]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hasseltii" subSpecies="continentis">M.h.continentisShamel,1942—patchilydistributedinSEAsia.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA5695EA16F0BF2D" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FA5695EA1960B8E2" authority="Temminck, 1840" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1840" box="[1450,1888,947,976]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hasseltii" subSpecies="macellus">M. h. macellus Temminck, 1840</taxonomicName>
|
||
— Borneo, also E
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F79895EA16ADB8E2" box="[2148,2221,947,976]" name="India" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94F73895EA1775B8E2" box="[2244,2421,947,976]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F63295EA1458B8E2" box="[2510,2648,947,976]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
; but S Asian populations are assigned to the nominate subspecies by some authors. One record from S
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F943925F1914BF2D" box="[1727,1812,1030,1055]" name="China" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94F8D6925F199DBF2D" box="[1834,1949,1030,1055]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||
), subspecies not known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FA55927417AABD8C" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA55927417AABD8C" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FA55927418A4BF74" bold="true" box="[1449,1700,1069,1094]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94F89C927419F7BF74" box="[1888,2039,1069,1094]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="52.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="44.0">44-60 mm</quantity>
|
||
, tail
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94F7C3927416D5BF74" box="[2111,2261,1069,1094]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="35.0">35-43 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ear 19-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94F6B1927417D1BF74" box="[2381,2513,1069,1094]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="8.0">8-21 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hindfoot
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FA569214182DBF5C" box="[1450,1581,1101,1134]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">9-11 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forearm
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94F94B9214194BBF5C" box="[1719,1867,1101,1134]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="37.0">37-43 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94F83C92141637BF5C" box="[1984,2103,1101,1134]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.6" metricValueMax="12.5" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="g" value="66.0" valueMax="125.0" valueMin="7.0">7-125 g</quantity>
|
||
. Upperparts of the Lesser Large-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FA56922D1804BFA7" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1450,1540,1140,1173]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
are dark brown to dark gray, with grizzled gray to buffy brown hair tips and dark brown to black hair bases. Underparts are tipped grayish white, with dark bases. Fur short and velvety, it appears silvery when illuminated in flight at night. Face and muzzle are thinly haired, exposing pinkish skin. Ears are large and dark brown, with bluntly pointed tips. Feet are large and attached at ankles or tibiae, more or less opposite bases of calcars. Wing and uropatagium are pale brown. Skull is larger and robust. Braincase is bulbous, broad (8-8-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94F884933819D2BEB0" box="[1912,2002,1377,1410]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and almost spherical in outline. Sagittal crest is visible posteriorly; lambdoid crests are present. Zygomata are moderately robust. Rostrum is robust and broad. Coronoid process of each mandible is very well developed and greatly exceeds canine in height. C' is robust and broad and greatly exceeds P* in height. P? is very small and displaced inward so that P* and P* are in contact or nearly so. C, exceeds P, in height and crown area. P, is very small; it is one-third to one-half the crown area of P, and is usually situated in tooth row but can be displaced internally. Condylo-basal lengths are 14—15-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94F7F3902F165FBDA5" box="[2063,2143,1654,1687]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; maxillary tooth row length are 5-7— 6-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FA3F90F81817BD8C" box="[1475,1559,1697,1726]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 52 (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F6E290F8179DBD8C" box="[2334,2461,1697,1726]" name="Malaysia" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FA55909C1693BC6E" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA55909C1693BC6E" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FA55909C1819BDD4" bold="true" box="[1449,1561,1733,1766]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
The Lesser Large-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F87C909C19DABDD4" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1920,2010,1733,1766]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
prefers dry forests (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F70C909C1777BDD4" box="[2288,2423,1733,1766]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
) but also coastal and mangrove forests, associated with open water (e.g. lakes, rivers, and coastal areas), from sea level up to elevations of ¢.
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94F865914D1607BC07" box="[1945,2055,1812,1845]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
. The Lesser Large-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F680914D17D6BC07" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[2428,2518,1812,1845]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported in large cities (e.g. Rangoon and Bangkok).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FA55913B1701B37B" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA55913B1701B37B" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FA55913B18B4BCB1" bold="true" box="[1449,1716,1890,1923]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Lesser Large-footed Myotisis a low flier, hunting over water surfaces by dipping its large feet into the water. It feeds on small insects (e.g. mosquitoes, gnats, flies, and moths). In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F89291E819E5BCE0" box="[1902,2021,1969,2002]" name="Malaysia" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it frequented mangrove forests and was seen feeding below treetop level, often flying low over surface of the water to the edge of the sea. Diet included Lepidopteran wing scales. In Rangoon and Bangkok, it has been seen hawking for insects and fish over small ponds and lakes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FA559E16143EB23C" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA559E16143EB23C" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FA559E161830B342" bold="true" box="[1449,1584,2127,2160]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F99B9E1618DDB342" box="[1639,1757,2127,2160]" name="Malaysia" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Langkawi Island), adult females have been lactating or in advanced pregnancy in earlyJanuary. Females carry one fetus. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F6ED9E2E178BB3AA" box="[2321,2443,2167,2200]" name="Vietnam" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, sexually active males with enlarged testes were found roosting with pregnant and lactating females in April; there are apparently no regular nursing colonies. On
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F7049E9F1780B3D5" box="[2296,2432,2246,2279]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, two young and a subadult were recorded in September, suggesting breeding in August-September.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FA5B9F4D18BFB2E1" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA5B9F4D18BFB2E1" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FA5B9F4D1897B207" bold="true" box="[1447,1687,2324,2357]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Lesser Large-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F82C9F4D162AB207" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[2000,2090,2324,2357]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
are nocturnal and roost in crevices of rocks. In Pulau Langkawi, it roosted in limestone caves. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F7159F1D1764B26F" box="[2281,2404,2372,2397]" name="Thailand" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,it roosted inside cut bamboos used as the floor of forest dwellings. Calls are steeply FM without any CF component. Calls (durations 2-5-5-5 milliseconds) start at c.82-104 kHz and sweep down to 23-30 kHz.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FA559F831739B1DA" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA559F831739B1DA" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FA559F831681B2C9" bold="true" box="[1449,2177,2522,2555]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The Lesser Large-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F5F89F83145EB2C9" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[2564,2654,2522,2555]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
roosts in large numbers. A colony of 25 individuals of both sexes was found in a crack in a large boulder on the foreshore, isolated at high tide. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F6D09C7017B7B178" box="[2348,2487,2601,2634]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the Lesser Large-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94F9949C0918C2B143" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1640,1730,2640,2673]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
roosts alone or in small groups in bamboo clumps, cracks in tree trunks, and abandoned buildings. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94F83B9C2E164BB1AA" box="[1991,2123,2679,2712]" name="Myanmar" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, a colony of ten Lesser Large-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FA559CC61803B1F2" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1449,1539,2719,2752]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
roosted in a meter box located in a single-story, wooden office building on the bank of the Kispanadi River at the foot of a low, tree-covered hill.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FA559CB7145BB09E" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA559CB7145BB09E" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FA559CB71900B03D" bold="true" box="[1449,1792,2798,2831]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Lesser Large-footed Myotisis widespread, presumably has a large population, occurs in a number of protected areas, and is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a threatened category. In South Asia,its habitat is being deforested for timber, firewood, agricultural use, and human settlements, but it seemsto tolerate some habitat modification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FA569DE51646B622" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FA569DE51646B622" blockId="208.[1447,2658,710,3344]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FA569DE51842B0E7" bold="true" box="[1450,1602,3004,3029]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Amador et al. (2018), Bates & Harrison (1997), Bates, Hendrichsen et al. (1999), Bates, Hutson, Carino et al. (2008), Bates, Nwe Tin et al. (2005), Boitani et al. (2006), Borisenko & Kruskop (2003), Corbet & Hill (1992), Dobson (1878), Ellerman & Morrison-Scott (1951), Francis (2008a), Heller (1989), Heller & Volleth (1989), Hill (1983), Honacki et al. (1982), Koopman (1993, 1994), Kruskop (2013a), Lekagul & McNeely (1988), Lim et al. (2017),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94F9E59A031876B741" box="[1561,1654,3162,3187]" country="United Kingdom" name="Medway" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Medway</collectingRegion>
|
||
(1983), MOE (2012), Molur et al. (2002), Payne et al. (1985), Pearch & Writer (2009), Pearch et al. (2003), Phillips (1935, 1980), Ruedi & Mayer (2001), Ruedi et al. (2013), Shamel (1942), Simmons (2005), Srinivasulu & Srinivasulu (2012), Stadelmann, Jacobs etal. (2004), Stadelmann, Lin Liangkong et al. (2007), Tate (1941d), Thompson & Fenton (1982), Topal (1974), Volleth & Heller (2012), Wellappulli-Arachchi et al. (2014), Yapa & Ratnavira (2013), Zhang Libiao, Zhang Jinshuo et al. (2004).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |