325 lines
43 KiB
XML
325 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document id="00D42853F1D5438BB074D42AA2587998" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4755.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="af76ca28-44a6-4c79-9919-6d501851f3a0" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3735164" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4174E257-5C26-4317-A1C6-524A6F0C3885" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1585682406641" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Prata, Jéssica, Manso, Cynthia Lara De Castro & Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey" docDate="2020" docId="180D87ABCD29B40C03AAE209FAAEF1E9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4755.3.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4755 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann 1930" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="425" masterDocId="E434FFD3CD3FB414033DE47DFF8DF502" masterDocTitle="Dendrochirotida (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the northeastern coast of Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="453" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="423" updateTime="1698734020657" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="37AAADBD69B219C458F2FF1BAD6AB265">Dendrochirotida (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the northeastern coast of Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A1F11715F4D2188BDDA5203179A29039">Manso, Cynthia Lara De Castro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8004CDED176612C3B75ADD8123DBF5B0">Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FA886054F78675E234B622348207D7BA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E9233C5E70282245082B73C684EBFCF8">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="180D87ABCD29B40C03AAE209FAAEF1E9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3812048" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163418834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3812048" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:180D87ABCD29B40C03AAE209FAAEF1E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/180D87ABCD29B40C03AAE209FAAEF1E9" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="425" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<heading id="CB5381D1CD29B40203AAE209FDFDF38C" bold="true" box="[151,624,1652,1679]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD29B40203AAE209FDFDF38C" ID-CoL="8RBQD" authority="Deichmann, 1930" authorityName="Deichmann" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,624,1652,1679]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudofusus">
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<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD29B40203AAE209FDFDF38C" bold="true" box="[151,624,1652,1679]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD29B40203AAE209FE1DF38D" bold="true" box="[151,400,1652,1679]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Thyone pseudofusus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD29B40202AAE209FDFDF38C" author="Deichmann, E." box="[407,624,1652,1678]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="42 - 276" refId="ref31159" refString="Deichmann, E. (1930) The Holothurians of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 71 (3), 42 - 276." type="journal article" year="1930">Deichmann, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="901B36BDCD29B40203AAE2E5FE9BF3B1" blockId="22.[151,624,1652,1715]" box="[151,278,1688,1715]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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(
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<figureCitation id="089F2A38CD29B40203A2E2E5FE83F3B1" box="[159,270,1688,1715]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1920,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann, 1930, UFPB.ECH-2114. A, external view of the animal; B, calcareous ring; C–D, tables from introvert; E, rod from tentacles; F, rosette from tentacles; G, rod and rosettes from tentacles; H, tables from body wall; I–J, supporting tables from tube feet; K, table from body wall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3735189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3735189/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figure 12</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="110510ACCD29B40203AAE2A0FDD9F3F7" author="Deichmann, E." box="[151,596,1756,1781]" page="168" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" year="1930">
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<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD29B40203AAE2A0FDD9F3F7" ID-CoL="8RBQD" authority="Deichmann, 1930: 168" authorityName="Deichmann" authorityPageNumber="168" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,596,1756,1781]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudofusus">
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<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD29B40203AAE2A0FEE9F3F7" box="[151,356,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Thyone pseudofusus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD29B4020257E2A1FDD9F3F7" author="Deichmann, E." box="[362,596,1756,1781]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="42 - 276" refId="ref31159" refString="Deichmann, E. (1930) The Holothurians of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 71 (3), 42 - 276." type="journal article" year="1930">Deichmann, 1930: 168</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. XIV, figs 6–9;
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<treatmentCitation id="110510ACCD29B4020028E2A1FC74F3F7" author="Deichmann, E." box="[789,1017,1756,1781]" page="107" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" year="1941">
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<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD29B4020028E2A1FC74F3F7" author="Deichmann, E." box="[789,1017,1756,1781]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="61 - 153" refId="ref31382" refString="Deichmann, E. (1941) The Holothurioidea collected by the Velero III during the years 1932 to 1938. Part I, Dendrochirota. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 8, 61 - 153." type="journal article" year="1941">Deichmann 1941: 107</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="110510ACCD29B402073EE2A1FB6AF3F7" author="Deichmann, E." box="[1027,1255,1756,1781]" page="395" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" year="1954">
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<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD29B402073EE2A1FB6AF3F7" author="Deichmann, E." box="[1027,1255,1756,1781]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="381 - 410" refId="ref31448" refString="Deichmann, E. (1954) The holothurians of the Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 55, 381 - 410." type="journal article" year="1954">Deichmann 1954: 395</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="110510ACCD29B40207CFE2A1FA15F3F7" author="Clark, H. L." box="[1266,1432,1756,1781]" page="114" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" year="1933">
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<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD29B40207CFE2A1FA15F3F7" author="Clark, H. L." box="[1266,1432,1756,1781]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="3 - 147" refId="ref31032" refString="Clark, H. L. (1933) Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Island. A Handbook of the Littoral Echinoderms of Porto Rico and the other West Indian Island, XVI, (Part 1), 3 - 147." type="book chapter" year="1933">Clark 1933: 114</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="110510ACCD29B40203FAE286FE01F216" author="Panning, A." box="[199,396,1787,1812]" page="467" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" year="1949">
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<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD29B40203FAE286FE01F216" author="Panning, A." box="[199,396,1787,1812]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="404 - 470" refId="ref34198" refString="Panning, A. (1949) Versuch einer Neuordnung der Familie Cucumariidae (Holothurioidea, Dendrochirota). Zoologisch Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie des Thiere, 78, 404 - 470." type="journal article" year="1949">Panning 1949: 467</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="110510ACCD29B40202A5E281FDF9F211" author="Domantay" box="[408,628,1787,1812]" page="197" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" year="1958">Domantay 1958: 197</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="110510ACCD29B4020142E286FCCEF211" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[639,835,1787,1812]" page="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" year="1969">
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<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD29B4020142E286FCCEF211" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[639,835,1787,1812]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref36429" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1969) Lista dos Holothuroidea recentes do Brasil. In: Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico. Serie Oceanografia Biologica. Vol. 15. Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 29." type="book chapter" year="1969">Tommasi 1969: 12</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="110510ACCD29B4020072E286FBC3F211" author="Hendler, G. & Miller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M." box="[847,1102,1787,1812]" page="277" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" year="1995">
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<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD29B4020072E286FBC3F211" author="Hendler, G. & Miller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M." box="[847,1102,1787,1812]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refId="ref32002" refString="Hendler, G., Miller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea Stars, Sea Urchins and allies: Echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. 1 st Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 392 pp." type="book" year="1995">
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Hendler
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||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD29B4020095E281FC50F211" box="[936,989,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">et al.</emphasis>
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1995: 277
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</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 182k–m;
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<treatmentCitation id="110510ACCD29B40207D4E281FEEBF230" author="Prata, J. & Christoffersen M. L." page="53" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" year="2017">
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<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD29B40207D4E281FEEBF230" author="Prata, J. & Christoffersen M. L." pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="45 - 59" refId="ref34883" refString="Prata, J. & Christoffersen M. L. (2017) Checklist of the Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) from the State of Paraiba, Brazil. Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciencias Exatas e da Natureza, 1 (1), 45 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.29215 / pecen. v 1 i 1.176" type="journal article" year="2017">Prata & Christoffersen 2017: 53</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 2d.
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<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD29B40203AAE31DFE0CF279" bold="true" box="[151,385,1888,1915]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Material examined.</emphasis>
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,
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.ECH-2116);
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.ECH-2114);
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, 703’50”S; 3447’19”W (
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.ECH-2117);
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="20CC3CE0CD29B402077AE3F8FEFAF2C1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2594296533" collectionCode="UFPB" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" specimenCount="2">
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, 703’50”S; 3447’19”W (
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.ECH-2118).
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||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD29B40203FAE3B0FEEBF2E5" bold="true" box="[199,358,1996,2023]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<typeStatus id="4F1F881FCD29B40203FAE3B0FE8FF2E5" box="[199,258,1997,2023]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5260F85FCD29B4020251E3B0FE44F2E5" box="[364,457,1997,2023]" country="Mexico" name="Yucatan" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Yucatan</collectingRegion>
|
||
, “Albatross 2362 Station,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E8B3762DCD29B40201CDE3B1FCCBF2E4" box="[752,838,1996,2022]" name="Mexico" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD29B4020069E3B1FB97F2E5" author="Deichmann, E." box="[852,1050,1996,2023]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="42 - 276" refId="ref31159" refString="Deichmann, E. (1930) The Holothurians of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 71 (3), 42 - 276." type="journal article" year="1930">Deichmann 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="C4DB6635CD28B40303AAE3FDFC0DF2E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3735189" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3735189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3735189/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" startId="23.[151,250,1920,1945]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1894]" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="901B36BDCD28B40303AAE3FDFC0DF2E3" blockId="23.[151,1436,1920,2017]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD28B40303AAE3FDFE96F29B" bold="true" box="[151,283,1920,1945]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">FIGURE 12</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD28B4030216E3FDFD31F29B" authority="Deichmann, 1930" authorityName="Deichmann" authorityYear="1930" box="[299,700,1920,1945]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudofusus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD28B4030216E3FDFE77F29A" box="[299,506,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Thyone pseudofusus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD28B403013EE3FDFD31F29B" author="Deichmann, E." box="[515,700,1920,1945]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" pagination="42 - 276" refId="ref31159" refString="Deichmann, E. (1930) The Holothurians of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 71 (3), 42 - 276." type="journal article" year="1930">Deichmann, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, UFPB.ECH-2114. A, external view of the animal; B, calcareous ring; C–D, tables from introvert; E, rod from tentacles; F, rosette from tentacles; G, rod and rosettes from tentacles; H, tables from body wall; I–J, supporting tables from tube feet; K, table from body wall.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8BE6536CD27B40C03FAE4E5FC9BF7CD" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="901B36BDCD27B40C03FAE4E5FAB2F761" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1259]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C03FAE4E5FED4F5B1" bold="true" box="[199,345,152,179]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimen UFPB.ECH-2114. Small body, oval to slightly curved, reaching
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C078CE4E4FB79F5B1" box="[1201,1268,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C0601E4E4FAF2F5B1" box="[1340,1407,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in breadth in mid-body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="089F2A38CD27B40C02B4E4C0FE7DF5D5" box="[393,496,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1920,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann, 1930, UFPB.ECH-2114. A, external view of the animal; B, calcareous ring; C–D, tables from introvert; E, rod from tentacles; F, rosette from tentacles; G, rod and rosettes from tentacles; H, tables from body wall; I–J, supporting tables from tube feet; K, table from body wall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3735189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3735189/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Thin skin, rough. Color brown to white, tentacles brown. Mouth and anus terminal. Tentacles 10, short, bushy, two most ventral smaller. Introvert short. Tube feet in zigzag and in double rows in the radii, some in interradii, scattered over the body, more abundant and bigger ventrally. Calcareous ring complex, with posterior processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="089F2A38CD27B40C02BDE554FE65F441" box="[384,488,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1920,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann, 1930, UFPB.ECH-2114. A, external view of the animal; B, calcareous ring; C–D, tables from introvert; E, rod from tentacles; F, rosette from tentacles; G, rod and rosettes from tentacles; H, tables from body wall; I–J, supporting tables from tube feet; K, table from body wall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3735189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3735189/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Radial plates narrow, pointed anteriorly, with posterior processes long, divided in some pieces. Interradial plates slightly narrower than the radial plates, with anterior margin pointed and rectangular posteriorly. Madreporite rounded, stone canal short. Polian vesicle single, cylindrical. Retractor muscles wide, short, about 1/3 of the body. Longitudinal muscles slender. Respiratory trees with short branches. Gonad in single tuft, tubules short, unbranched. Body wall ossicles include tables of oval disc, with four to eight holes and thick margin (140 μm long), short two-pillared spire, ending in several teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="089F2A38CD27B40C0088E5A0FBC7F4F5" box="[949,1098,477,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1920,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann, 1930, UFPB.ECH-2114. A, external view of the animal; B, calcareous ring; C–D, tables from introvert; E, rod from tentacles; F, rosette from tentacles; G, rod and rosettes from tentacles; H, tables from body wall; I–J, supporting tables from tube feet; K, table from body wall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3735189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3735189/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Figs. 12H, K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tube feet include supporting tables of elongated and narrow discs with some holes (
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C003BE67CFCDCF719" box="[774,849,513,539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 µm</quantity>
|
||
long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="089F2A38CD27B40C0098E67CFB8FF719" box="[933,1026,513,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1920,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann, 1930, UFPB.ECH-2114. A, external view of the animal; B, calcareous ring; C–D, tables from introvert; E, rod from tentacles; F, rosette from tentacles; G, rod and rosettes from tentacles; H, tables from body wall; I–J, supporting tables from tube feet; K, table from body wall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3735189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3735189/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
I–J), supporting plates and endplate. Introvert with rosettes (
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C02A7E658FE6EF73D" box="[410,483,549,575]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 µm</quantity>
|
||
long) and tables of irregular disc (
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C0063E658FC38F73D" box="[862,949,549,575]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 µm</quantity>
|
||
long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="089F2A38CD27B40C0739E658FBD2F73D" box="[1028,1119,549,575]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1920,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann, 1930, UFPB.ECH-2114. A, external view of the animal; B, calcareous ring; C–D, tables from introvert; E, rod from tentacles; F, rosette from tentacles; G, rod and rosettes from tentacles; H, tables from body wall; I–J, supporting tables from tube feet; K, table from body wall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3735189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3735189/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D). Tentacles include thin rods (
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C03EBE634FEA2F761" box="[214,303,585,611]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 µm</quantity>
|
||
long), some with holes at both ends (
|
||
<figureCitation id="089F2A38CD27B40C01EFE634FCEFF761" box="[722,866,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1920,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann, 1930, UFPB.ECH-2114. A, external view of the animal; B, calcareous ring; C–D, tables from introvert; E, rod from tentacles; F, rosette from tentacles; G, rod and rosettes from tentacles; H, tables from body wall; I–J, supporting tables from tube feet; K, table from body wall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3735189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3735189/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Figs. 12E, G</figureCitation>
|
||
) and rosettes (
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C0738E634FBDDF761" box="[1029,1104,585,611]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
|
||
long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="089F2A38CD27B40C079CE634FB76F761" box="[1185,1275,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1920,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann, 1930, UFPB.ECH-2114. A, external view of the animal; B, calcareous ring; C–D, tables from introvert; E, rod from tentacles; F, rosette from tentacles; G, rod and rosettes from tentacles; H, tables from body wall; I–J, supporting tables from tube feet; K, table from body wall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3735189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3735189/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
F–G).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="901B36BDCD27B40C03FAE611FC9BF7CD" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1259]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C03FAE611FD8DF785" bold="true" box="[199,512,620,647]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Morphological variations.</emphasis>
|
||
We analyzed six specimens, the size varied from
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C077AE611FB31F785" box="[1095,1212,620,647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="7.75" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="6.0">6–9.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C0635E611FAF0F785" box="[1288,1405,620,647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in breadth in mid-body. Small body, usually oblong. Tube feet scattered over the body, distributed in zigzag or in double rows in the radii, sometimes also in the interradii.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8BE6536CD27B40C03FAE6A5FC81F65D" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="901B36BDCD27B40C03FAE6A5FC81F65D" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1259]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C03FAE6A5FD8AF7F1" bold="true" box="[199,519,728,755]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
North Carolina, Florida, Eastern Gulf of Mexico,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E8B3762DCD27B40C0772E6A4FB48F7F1" box="[1103,1221,729,755]" name="Venezuela" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Yucatán,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E8B3762DCD27B40C0600E6A4FA14F7F1" box="[1341,1433,729,755]" name="Panama" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E8B3762DCD27B40C03AAE680FE85F615" box="[151,264,765,791]" name="Colombia" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Antilles and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E8B3762DCD27B40C02A2E680FE6EF615" box="[415,483,765,791]" name="Brazil" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD27B40C02CCE680FD46F615" author="Pawson, D. L. & Pawson, D. J. & King, R. A." box="[497,715,765,791]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref34670" refString="Pawson, D. L., Pawson, D. J. & King, R. A. (2010) A taxonomic guide to the Echinodermata of the South Atlantic Bight, USA: 1. Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Zootaxa, 2449 (1), 1 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2449.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Pawson
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C016CE683FD05F615" box="[593,648,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E8B3762DCD27B40C01C6E680FCB2F615" box="[763,831,765,791]" name="Brazil" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
it is found from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5260F85FCD27B40C00C4E680FBC0F615" box="[1017,1101,765,791]" country="Brazil" name="Paraiba" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Paraíba</collectingRegion>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5260F85FCD27B40C0752E680FB6DF615" box="[1135,1248,765,791]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD27B40C07D0E680FA15F615" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[1261,1432,765,791]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref36429" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1969) Lista dos Holothuroidea recentes do Brasil. In: Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico. Serie Oceanografia Biologica. Vol. 15. Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 29." type="book chapter" year="1969">Tommasi 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD27B40C03AAE75CFE55F639" author="Prata, J. & Christoffersen M. L." box="[151,472,801,827]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="45 - 59" refId="ref34883" refString="Prata, J. & Christoffersen M. L. (2017) Checklist of the Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) from the State of Paraiba, Brazil. Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciencias Exatas e da Natureza, 1 (1), 45 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.29215 / pecen. v 1 i 1.176" type="journal article" year="2017">Prata & Christoffersen 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), down to
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C0172E75CFD05F639" box="[591,648,801,827]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</quantity>
|
||
deep. This species can be found from six to
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C0742E75CFB34F639" box="[1151,1209,801,827]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="46.0">46 m</quantity>
|
||
deep (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD27B40C063EE75CFF59F65D" author="Pawson, D. L. & Pawson, D. J. & King, R. A." pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref34670" refString="Pawson, D. L., Pawson, D. J. & King, R. A. (2010) A taxonomic guide to the Echinodermata of the South Atlantic Bight, USA: 1. Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Zootaxa, 2449 (1), 1 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2449.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Pawson
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C0659E75FFA10F639" box="[1380,1437,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Our material were found between
|
||
<quantity id="575C9B58CD27B40C015BE739FD44F65D" box="[614,713,836,863]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 m</quantity>
|
||
deep.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8BE6536CD27B40C03FAE714FCD7F159" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="901B36BDCD27B40C03FAE714FCD7F159" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1259]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C03FAE714FEB6F681" bold="true" box="[199,315,873,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD27B40C0279E714FDA5F681" authorityName="Deichmann" authorityYear="1930" box="[324,552,873,899]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudofusus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C0279E714FDA5F681" box="[324,552,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Thyone pseudofusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from other species known for the West Atlantic,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD27B40C0791E714FEBAF6A5" authority="Madsen, 1941" authorityName="Madsen" authorityYear="1941" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="deichmannae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C0791E714FA11F681" box="[1196,1436,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Thyone deichmannae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD27B40C03AAE7F0FEBAF6A5" author="Madsen, F. J." box="[151,311,909,935]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref32651" refString="Madsen, F. J. (1941) On Thyone wahrbergi n. sp., a new holothurian from the Skagerrak, with remarks on T. fusus (O. F. M.) and other related species. Goteborgs Kunglige Vetenskaps och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, Serie B, 1, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1941">Madsen, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD27B40C024CE7F0FD69F6A5" authority="Tommasi, 1972" authorityName="Tommasi" authorityYear="1972" box="[369,740,909,935]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pawsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C024CE7F0FDA4F6A5" box="[369,553,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Thyone pawsoni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD27B40C010CE7F0FD69F6A5" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[561,740,909,935]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="15 - 67" refId="ref36531" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1972) Equinodermes da regiao entre o Amapa (Brasil) e a Florida (E. U. A.). II. Echinozoa. In: Boletim Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo. Vol. 21. Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, pp. 15 - 67." type="book chapter" year="1972">Tommasi, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by these two species having tables with thin margins and irregular disc with few to numerous holes.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD27B40C0162E7CCFCCCF6C9" authorityName="Deichmann" authorityYear="1930" box="[607,833,945,971]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudofusus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C0162E7CCFCCCF6C9" box="[607,833,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Thyone pseudofusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD27B40C00ECE7CCFB25F6C9" authorityName="Pawson & Miller" authorityYear="1981" box="[977,1192,945,971]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="crassidisca">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C00ECE7CCFB25F6C9" box="[977,1192,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Thyone crassidisca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its short spire ending in several teeth, rather than in only one.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD27B40C01B5E7A8FCE6F6ED" authorityName="Deichmann" authorityYear="1930" box="[648,875,981,1007]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudofusus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C01B5E7A8FCE6F6ED" box="[648,875,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Thyone pseudofusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD27B40C073DE7A8FF42F111" authority="Martins & Tavares, 2018" authorityName="Martins & Tavares" authorityYear="2018" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="florianoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C073DE7A8FB31F6ED" box="[1024,1212,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Thyone florianoi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD27B40C07FEE7A8FF42F111" author="Martins, L. & Tavares, M." pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="533 - 542" refId="ref33072" refString="Martins, L. & Tavares, M. (2018) New species of the genera Havelockia and Thyone (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) and first record of T. crassidisca from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Zootaxa, 4407 (4), 533 - 542. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4407.4.5" type="journal article" year="2018">Martins & Tavares, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by oval body wall table disc with handles, margin knobbed and short spire ending in a crown of teeth.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD27B40C0677E784FEADF135" authorityName="Deichmann" authorityYear="1930" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudofusus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C0677E784FEADF135" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Thyone pseudofusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD27B40C0289E060FC0FF135" authority="Martins & Souto, 2018" authorityName="Martins & Souto" authorityYear="2018" box="[436,898,1053,1079]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="waltinhoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C0289E060FDF5F135" box="[436,632,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Thyone waltinhoi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD27B40C0142E060FC0FF135" author="Martins, L. & Souto, C." box="[639,898,1053,1079]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref32948" refString="Martins, L. & Souto, C. (2018) Taxonomic remarks on Havelockia and Thyone (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida), with descriptions of two new species from the Brazilian coast. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 99, 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315418001078" type="journal article" year="2018">Martins & Souto, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by oval body wall table disc with handles, margin knobbed, and presence of rods and rosettes in the tentacles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8BE6536CD27B40C03FAE019FAAEF1E9" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="901B36BDCD27B40C03FAE019FAAEF1E9" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1259]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C03FAE019FE03F17D" bold="true" box="[199,398,1124,1151]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimens studied were associated with rhodoliths. On the east coast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5260F85FCD27B40C07CFE018FACEF17D" box="[1266,1347,1125,1151]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57A44D3ECD27B40C0677E018FEADF1A1" authorityName="Deichmann" authorityYear="1930" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudofusus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C0677E018FEADF1A1" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Thyone pseudofusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be found buried in calcium carbonate particles covered with a dense layer of white calcareous silt (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4354B4CCD27B40C03A2E0D0FEF7F1C5" author="Pawson, D. L. & Pawson, D. J. & King, R. A." box="[159,378,1197,1223]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref34670" refString="Pawson, D. L., Pawson, D. J. & King, R. A. (2010) A taxonomic guide to the Echinodermata of the South Atlantic Bight, USA: 1. Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Zootaxa, 2449 (1), 1 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2449.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Pawson
|
||
<emphasis id="A2D0EAAFCD27B40C03C2E0D3FEBDF1C5" box="[255,304,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Two specimens analyzed had eviscerated their internal structures, such as the calcareous ring with their tentacles, gonad and retractor muscles, through the introvert. Maybe this is a form of defense.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |