120 lines
12 KiB
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120 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.415.5887" ID-PMC="PMC4089825" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-415-217" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6C204B3EFFF8FFF7FFE4FFF3FFC13468" ID-PubMed="25009429" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578301" ID-ZooBank="287A4DC80EFC42C6AA55DBB4D7A3441B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-415-217" checkinTime="1451245774308" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Aaron D., Dornburg, Rebecca & Wheeler, Quentin D." docDate="2014" docId="964EF9EA26615B2D930FCA2C9BE8B9A1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 415: 217-268" docOrigin="ZooKeys 415" docPubDate="2014-06-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.415.5887" docTitle="Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus Horn 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="6C204B3EFFF8FFF7FFE4FFF3FFC13468" lastPageNumber="250" masterDocId="6C204B3EFFF8FFF7FFE4FFF3FFC13468" masterDocTitle="Larvae of the genus Eleodes (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae): matrix-based descriptions, cladistic analysis, and key to late instars" masterLastPageNumber="268" masterPageNumber="217" pageNumber="248" updateTime="1668158638557" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Larvae of the genus Eleodes (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae): matrix-based descriptions, cladistic analysis, and key to late instars</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Aaron D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, PO Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011 - 5640, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dornburg, Rebecca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 874501, Tempe, AZ, 85287 - 4501, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wheeler, Quentin D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-06-12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>415</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>217</mods:start>
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<mods:end>268</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.415.5887</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.415.5887</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-415-217</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">287A4DC80EFC42C6AA55DBB4D7A3441B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6C204B3EFFF8FFF7FFE4FFF3FFC13468</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">578301</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182235012" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:964EF9EA26615B2D930FCA2C9BE8B9A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/964EF9EA26615B2D930FCA2C9BE8B9A1" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="31" pageNumber="248">
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="248" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="248">
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<taxonomicName LSID="964EF9EA-2661-5B2D-930F-CA2C9BE8B9A1" authority="Horn, 1870" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1870" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="248" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus" subGenus="Tricheleodes">Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus Horn, 1870</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dorsal habitus of four Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus B Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus C Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius D Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29486" pageId="31" pageNumber="248">Figs 3D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Lateral habitus of three Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus B Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius C Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29489" pageId="31" pageNumber="248">, 6C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Epipharynges of four Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus B Eleodes (Promus) goryi C Eleodes (Promus) subnitens D Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29493" pageId="31" pageNumber="248">, 10D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Pygidia of two Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Eleodes) hispilabris B Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29497" pageId="31" pageNumber="248">, 14B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="248" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="248">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="248">
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Larval
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1870" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="248" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="248">Eleodes pilosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens were reared from adults with the following collecting information: "NEVADA: Washoe Co. /
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<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="16.427" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="39.273785">N39°16.427'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="119" direction="west" minutes="47.070" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-119.7845">W119°47.070'</geoCoordinate>
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/ November 14, 2011 / P.Skelley, sifting lakeside dunes". A total of 208 eggs and larvae were reared and examined for this study, of which 94 survived until the 2nd instar or later. The following description is based on a detailed examination of nine 8-11th instar specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="31" pageNumber="248" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="248">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="248">TL: 14.2-26.0 mm, PW: 1.7-3.3 mm, PL: 1.4-3.4 mm, HW: 1.6-2.6 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="249" pageId="31" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="248">Head.</emphasis>
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Prognathous, weakly flattened, narrower than prothorax; sides rounded, strongly constricted before occipital foramen; color nearly as in body segments. Epicranial stem short, one-fourth head capsule length; frontal arms U-shaped, partially obscured by sculpturing. Frons and dorsal portion of epicranial plates rugose; sparsely setose; densely punctate, punctures minute, lacking setae. Ventrolateral portions of epicranial plates densely setose; setae golden, erect, most longer than antennal segment 2,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="32" pageNumber="249" start="start">interspersed</pageBreakToken>
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with shorter setae; two stemmata present on each plate, pigmented spots often faded. Clypeus trapezoidal; swollen, weakly transversely raised medially; moderately punctate, rugose in basal half. Labrum slightly swollen, basal fourth darkly pigmented; sides rounded, minutely tomentose; two transverse rows of six to eight erect setae present medially and subapically; anterior margin straight. Epipharynx (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Epipharynges of four Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus B Eleodes (Promus) goryi C Eleodes (Promus) subnitens D Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29493" pageId="32" pageNumber="249">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
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) anterior setal row with six stout spiniform setae, anterolateral margins with micro-setation; seven anterior sensory papillae present, arranged in two irregular longitudinal rows; four subanterior sensory papillae present, arranged as a transverse row subtended by two spinose setae; seven posterior sensory papillae present, arranged in an irregular cluster. Tormae asymmetrical, left side torma smaller with or without a small spine near emergent edge. Hypopharyngeal sclerome pentagonal, tricuspidate. Gula distinct, trapezoidal, widest in basal half. Antenna three segmented, cylindrical; first segment longer than second.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="249">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="249">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Light to dark tan, darker longitudinally striated bands present on anterior margin of prothoracic tergum and posterior 5th of all thoracic tergites. Sparsely setose along dorsal margins of terga near striated bands, lateral margins more densely setose. Prothoracic tergum subquadrate, 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of meso- or metaterga; lateral margins with pigmented band along entire length. Mesothoracic spiracle simple, ovate, approximately 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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size of abdominal spiracle; reduced metathoracic spiracle visible, less than one-fourth size of mesothoracic spiracle. Prothoracic leg slightly longer, much thicker than meso- and metathoracic legs; tarsungulus strongly sclerotized, sickle-shaped; trochanter with two stout spines ventromedially, tibia and tarsus each with a ventromedial row of four to seven spines, number of spines often differing between prolegs. Dorsal surface of protibia (at rest) with basal sclerotized band; dorsal surface of protarsus sclerotized.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="32" pageNumber="249">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="249">Abdomen.</emphasis>
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Light to dark tan, darker longitudinally striated bands present on posterior 5th of segments I-VIII. Abdominal sternite I moderately clothed in long erect setae,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="33" pageNumber="250" start="start">sparser</pageBreakToken>
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medially, extending to posterior pigmented band, abdominal tergite I and segments II-VIII sparsely clothed in short to mid length setae. Lateral margins of abdominal laterotergites I-VIII darkly pigmented, ventral margin with two pigmented bands. Abdominal segment IX (pygidium) triangular in dorsal view, moderately clothed in long erect setae; marginal row of 10-20 socketed spines present apical half, apex not forming distinct sclerotized projection. Pygopods short, subconical, each with 16-20 erect spines.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="250" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="250">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="250">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1870" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="250">Eleodes pilosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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larvae can be separated from the other currently known
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="250">Eleodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species by the pentagonal hypopharyngeal sclerome, lack of a caudal tooth on the pygidium, presence of 8-14 marginal spines on the pygidium, subquadrate prothoracic tergum, and having abdominal sternite I moderately clothed in long erect setae to posterior pigmented band.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |