317 lines
39 KiB
XML
317 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="4C08D62DD8A3F87B4165E6314C586741" ID-DOI="10.1206/3823.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5367923" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630259683279" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Vea, Isabelle M. & Grimaldi, David A." docDate="2015" docId="03EF7A1BFFFCFFA5029DFF4FFCF74F14" docLanguage="en" docName="N3823.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2015 (3823)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/3823.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Pityococcus moniliformalis Vea & Grimaldi 2015, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FFD60263FFE3FF870328FFAEFFDC4E35" masterDocTitle="Diverse new scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene with a phylogenetic framework for fossil Coccoidea" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1699200754860" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="61BF04FA56C159E05BA95CF656FA55F5">Diverse new scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene with a phylogenetic framework for fossil Coccoidea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="54FC94119DEA7443FC1C0A12589D4C9C">Vea, Isabelle M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="14CAF755263831B14D2EECD8E117CB99">Grimaldi, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C979413A8CB6B01C02A5ACDFDF022B61">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CF072733FC6758B89F6BEE3549FA09B5">
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<mods:date id="CF3F4F96455DE645AD33D03E17CC1F6E">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="98A7E14E0213B44640D90120A6DE5D5D">2015-01-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DDCA3AD393465F914E7E503B3EA819BB">2015</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6C8093EB456AEDC25D91A8C8907A2E07">3823</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="AE9352EA40F1C46F11436144B32BB747">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/3823.1</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="BA523064FDF7C509947934ADC4C27023" type="DOI">10.1206/3823.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EF7A1BFFFCFFA5029DFF4FFCF74F14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7A1BFFFCFFA5029DFF4FFCF74F14" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EF7A1BFFFCFFA5029DFF4FFCF74F14" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="C35C9886FFFCFF98029DFF4FFC574ECE" box="[437,907,225,252]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFFCFF98029DFF4FFC574ECE" blockId="31.[437,907,225,252]" box="[437,907,225,252]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="D0B17C61FFFCFF98029DFF4FFC574ECE" box="[437,907,225,252]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF98029DFF4FFD274ECE" bold="true" box="[437,763,225,252]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFFCFF98029DFF4FFD284EC9" authority="Vea & Grimaldi, 2015" authorityName="Vea & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2015" box="[437,756,225,252]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pityococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moniliformalis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF98029DFF4FFD284EC9" bold="true" box="[437,756,225,252]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pityococcus moniliformalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201AA64FFFCFF98002BFF4CFC574ECE" box="[771,907,225,252]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C9886FFFCFF980158FEA2FD0C4F13" box="[624,720,268,294]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFFCFF980158FEA2FD0C4F13" blockId="31.[624,720,268,294]" box="[624,720,268,294]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="D0B17C61FFFCFF980158FEA2FD0C4F13" box="[624,720,268,294]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="7">
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<figureCitation id="137DD788FFFCFF980158FEA2FD0C4F13" box="[624,720,268,294]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="32.[120,206,1671,1692]" captionTargetBox="[141,1203,224,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-108@32.[405,725,797,967]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pityococcus moniliformalis, n. sp., holotype AMNH Ba-Ve762. Photomicrographs of (A) Dorsal and (B) ventral surfaces. Details of (C) dorsal and (D) ventral views of head. (E) Dorsal view of mesothorax. (F) Basisternum. (G) Antenna. (H) Leg. (I) Ventral view of penial sheath." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367939/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 8</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C9886FFFCFF980380FE9BFEEF4C4C" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFFCFF980380FE9BFF0F4F41" blockId="31.[120,1225,308,1754]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<materialsCitation id="3B2EC150FFFCFF980380FE9BFF134F41" country="Russia" location="Palmnicken" municipality="Yantaryni" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54FD75AFFFFCFF980380FE9BFF3E4F7A" box="[168,226,309,335]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">TYPE</typeStatus>
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LOCALITY:
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<collectingCountry id="F3518B9DFFFCFF980243FE9AFE644F7B" box="[363,440,308,334]" name="Russia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Russia</collectingCountry>
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:
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<location id="8E999DD6FFFCFF9802EAFE9AFD964F7B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7A1BFFFCFFA5029DFF4FFCF74F14:8E999DD6FFFCFF9802EAFE9AFD964F7B" box="[450,586,308,334]" country="Russia" municipality="Yantaryni" name="Palmnicken" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Palmnicken</location>
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/
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B9D5177FFFCFF98017BFE9AFD184F7B" box="[595,708,308,334]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Yantaryni</collectingMunicipality>
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mines, on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea. Eocene
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFFCFF980380FED1FEEF4C4C" blockId="31.[120,1225,308,1754]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<materialsCitation id="3B2EC150FFFCFF980380FED1FEEF4C4C" collectionCode="AMNH" country="Russia" county="American Museum of Natural History." location="Baltic" municipality="Jurgen Velten Baltic" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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TYPE:
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<typeStatus id="54FD75AFFFFCFF9803D8FED1FE874FAC" box="[240,347,383,409]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED5753C8FFFCFF98024AFED1FE604FAC" box="[354,444,383,409]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">AMNH</collectionCode>
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Ba-Ve762, alate male in a 5 × 5 ×
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<quantity id="4CBE66E8FFFCFF980060FED1FC514FAC" box="[840,909,383,409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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square, light orange, transparent polished amber piece; specimen in good preservation with some internal organs visible through transparent cuticle, lying on a layer, with one wing well spread and one folded, white milky layers obstructing some parts, such as the head area; accessible views: ventral and dorsal (fig. 8AB).
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<location id="8E999DD6FFFCFF9803D1FDBAFEE64C1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7A1BFFFCFFA5029DFF4FFCF74F14:8E999DD6FFFCFF9803D1FDBAFEE64C1B" box="[249,314,532,558]" country="Russia" county="American Museum of Natural History." municipality="Jurgen Velten Baltic" name="Baltic" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Baltic</location>
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amber,
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<location id="8E999DD6FFFCFF9802B1FDBAFDFE4C1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7A1BFFFCFFA5029DFF4FFCF74F14:8E999DD6FFFCFF9802B1FDBAFDFE4C1B" box="[409,546,532,558]" country="Russia" county="American Museum of Natural History." municipality="Jurgen Velten Baltic" name="Palmnicken" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Palmnicken</location>
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mines in
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<location id="8E999DD6FFFCFF9801BFFDBAFCD54C1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7A1BFFFCFFA5029DFF4FFCF74F14:8E999DD6FFFCFF9801BFFDBAFCD54C1B" box="[663,777,532,558]" country="Russia" county="American Museum of Natural History." municipality="Jurgen Velten Baltic" name="Yantaryni" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Yantaryni</location>
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, on the eastern coast of the
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<location id="8E999DD6FFFCFF980779FDBAFB184C1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7A1BFFFCFFA5029DFF4FFCF74F14:8E999DD6FFFCFF980779FDBAFB184C1B" box="[1105,1220,532,558]" country="Russia" county="American Museum of Natural History." municipality="Jurgen Velten Baltic" name="Baltic Sea" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Baltic Sea</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3518B9DFFFCFF980350FD97FF194C66" box="[120,197,569,595]" name="Russia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Russia</collectingCountry>
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.
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<location id="8E999DD6FFFCFF9803F8FD97FE944C66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7A1BFFFCFFA5029DFF4FFCF74F14:8E999DD6FFFCFF9803F8FD97FE944C66" box="[208,328,569,595]" country="Russia" county="American Museum of Natural History." municipality="Jurgen Velten Baltic" name="Purchased" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Purchased</location>
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from
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B9D5177FFFCFF9802B8FD94FDA84C66" box="[400,628,569,596]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Jurgen Velten Baltic</collectingMunicipality>
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amber coll., deposited at the
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<collectingCounty id="6298B381FFFCFF9800E2FD97FEEF4C4C" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">American Museum of Natural History.</collectingCounty>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35C9886FFFCFF980380FD2AFDCD4CDC" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFFCFF980380FD2AFDCD4CDC" blockId="31.[120,1225,308,1754]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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ETYMOLOGY: The epithet
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<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFFCFF9802E2FD2AFDB14CAB" authorityName="Vea & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2015" box="[458,621,644,670]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pityococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moniliformalis">
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF9802E2FD2AFDB14CAB" box="[458,621,644,670]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">moniliformalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is composed of the Latin
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF9800A7FD2AFC3D4CAB" box="[911,993,644,670]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">monile,</emphasis>
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meaning “necklace” or “collar” and the adjective
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF9802E4FD07FDF54CF6" box="[460,553,681,707]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">formalis</emphasis>
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derived from
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF9801FEFD04FCC64CF1" box="[726,794,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">forma</emphasis>
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, meaning “shape.” This refers to the round, beadlike antennal segments.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C9886FFFCFF980380FD5AFD734D4A" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFFCFF980380FD5AFD734D4A" blockId="31.[120,1225,308,1754]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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DIAGNOSIS:
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<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFFCFF980211FD5BFDB74D3B" authorityName="Vea & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2015" box="[313,619,756,782]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pityococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moniliformalis">
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF980211FD5BFDB74D3B" box="[313,619,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pityococcus moniliformalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFFCFF980023FD5BFC6B4D3A" box="[779,951,757,783]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pityococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF980023FD5BFC514D3B" box="[779,909,757,782]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pityococcus</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD7B6FCFFFCFF9800CAFD5AFF1F4D01" author="Hodgson, C. J. & I. Foldi" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 250" refId="ref36707" refString="Hodgson, C. J., and I. Foldi. 2006. A review of the Margarodidae sensu Morrison (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) and some related taxa based on the morphology of adult males. Zootaxa 1263: 1 - 250." type="journal article" year="2006">Hodgson and Foldi (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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by the following characters: length of antennal segments proportionally shorter than
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<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFFCFF9807ACFCB4FF394D6C" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pityococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF9807ACFCB4FF634D6C" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pityococcus</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD7B6FCFFFCFF9803DBFC91FDC64D6F" author="Hodgson, C. J. & I. Foldi" box="[243,538,831,858]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 250" refId="ref36707" refString="Hodgson, C. J., and I. Foldi. 2006. A review of the Margarodidae sensu Morrison (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) and some related taxa based on the morphology of adult males. Zootaxa 1263: 1 - 250." type="journal article" year="2006">Hodgson and Foldi, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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); large bristle on antennal segment VIII absent (vs. present); tarsal digitule finely clavate and long (vs. absent).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C9886FFFCFFA60380FC24FCE94D34" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFFCFFA60380FC24FC814C8E" blockId="31.[120,1225,308,1754]" lastBlockId="33.[120,1225,225,699]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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DESCRIPTION: Body small, total length
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<quantity id="4CBE66E8FFFCFF980145FC24FD094D91" box="[621,725,906,932]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="1.13">1.13 mm</quantity>
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long, widest at mesothorax, 315 μm.
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF9807A0FC24FB154D91" bold="true" box="[1160,1225,906,932]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Head</emphasis>
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(fig. 8CD): Almost round, 205 μm wide, 145 long. Dorsal median crest absent, postoccipital suture absent, setae not observed. Ocular sclerite broad, extending as a wide lateral band and meeting ventrally; ocular sclerite with five pairs of simple eyes along anterior margin; ventral and dorsal eyes larger than lateral eyes (30 μm and 20 μm wide respectively), ventral eyes not joining medially; ocelli present laterally. Ventral part of epicranium with wide ventral medial crest, with ca. 10 setae. Setae also present on the rest of ventral part of epicranium, anteriorly. Ventral midcranial ridge present, extending to posterior end of head.
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF980141FB21FD0C4A9C" bold="true" box="[617,720,1167,1193]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Antenna</emphasis>
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(fig. 8G): 9-segmented, total length 305–375 μm; lengths of segments (in μm) scape 25; pedicel 50; flagellar segments III to X all round, subequal in length; II 30–45; IV 35–45; V 35–45; VI 35–40; VII 30–45; VIII 30–40; IX 35–40. Each segment with hairlike setae (15-20 μm long) and very short fleshy setae (6–10 μm long), all shorter than segment width. Apical segment with 4 capitate setae (ca. 35 μm), 3 large bristles (25–30 μm) and some hairlike setae of the same length as on other flagellar segments.
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF980090FAE4FBD24B51" bold="true" box="[952,1038,1354,1380]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Thorax</emphasis>
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(fig. 8EF): Head and thorax separated by a slight neck constriction. Prothorax well developed but membranous. Prosternal ridge present, bifurcating posteriorly, with a pair of setae.
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<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF9800AAFA3AFC024B9B" box="[898,990,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Dorsally</emphasis>
|
||
: prescutum strongly sclerotized, oval and broad (124 μm wide, 77 μm long), not completely separated from scutum, setae difficult to see. Scutum with a pair of membranous areas laterally. Scutellum quadrangular, anterior margin shorter than posterior margin, 55 μm long, 85 μm (anterior margin) to 140 μm (posterior margin) wide, divided by a median ridge, with a pair of scutellar setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF980737F984FB5F4871" box="[1055,1155,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ventrally</emphasis>
|
||
: basisternum (135 μm long, 175 μm wide) without a median ridge, with ca. 20 basisternal setae. Anterior part of basisternum shorter than posterior part.
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFFCFF9801FBF9DAFCFC48BB" bold="true" box="[723,800,1652,1678]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
(fig. 8A): Oval, with a medium base, distal width smaller than proximal width; 780 μm long and 415 μm widest; subcostal ridge extending from the base of the wing to more than 3/4 wing length. Additionally to subcostal ridge, only cubital ridge present. Alar setae and sensoria not observed, microtrichia present across wing surface Alar lobe present. Hamulohalteres not detected, but probably present.
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA60091FEA9FC334F14" bold="true" box="[953,1007,263,289]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(fig. 8H): Subequal in length, cuticular reticulations absent; prolegs: coxa triangular, 50–60 μm long, trochanter and femur fused, 145–155 μm long, with hairlike setae; tibia: 80–90 μm long, with hairlike setae becoming spinelike ventrally; tarsus 2-segmented, 85 μm long, tarsal digitules present and thinly clavate; claw thin but strong, 25 μm long, with spinose claw digitules, denticle present.
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA600D3FE32FBA54F83" bold="true" box="[1019,1145,412,438]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
Cylindrical (505 μm long, 365 μm long without genial segment; 170 μm widest). Tergites and sternites well developed, mostly membranous, segmentation easy to delineate. With a pair of long setae on each side of each abdominal segment dorsally, a few short setae ventrally. Ostioles detected on abdominal segment VI by a slight enlargement on posterior part. Glandular pouches not directly observed.
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA603C3FDF8FE724C44" bold="true" box="[235,430,598,625]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Genital segment</emphasis>
|
||
(fig. 8I): penial sheath small (65 μm wide, 105 μm long), almost parallel sided anteriorly for more than 1/3 of length, with few short setae. Aedeagus broader than tip of penial sheath. Endophallus everted, covered with small spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF399B85FFC3FFA70350F929FCB448E2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367939" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5367939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367939/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" startId="32.[120,206,1671,1692]" targetBox="[141,1203,224,1636]" targetPageId="32">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFC3FFA70350F929FCB448E2" blockId="32.[120,1225,1669,1752]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
FIGURE 8.
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC3FFA703D9F928FDDF48A8" box="[241,515,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC3FFA703D9F928FE2248A8" authority="Vea & Grimaldi, 2015" authorityName="Vea & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2015" box="[241,510,1669,1693]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pityococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moniliformalis" status="sp. nov.">Pityococcus moniliformalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201AA64FFC3FFA70123F92BFD9848A9" box="[523,580,1669,1692]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype AMNH Ba-Ve762. Photomicrographs of (
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC3FFA7074AF92BFBA848A8" bold="true" box="[1122,1140,1669,1693]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
|
||
) Dorsal and (
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC3FFA70385F90CFF61488F" bold="true" box="[173,189,1698,1722]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
|
||
) ventral surfaces. Details of (
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC3FFA702C1F90CFE26488F" bold="true" box="[489,506,1698,1722]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsal and (
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC3FFA701ABF90CFD4A488F" bold="true" box="[643,662,1698,1722]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">D</emphasis>
|
||
) ventral views of head. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC3FFA700BAF90CFC7D488F" bold="true" box="[914,929,1698,1722]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E</emphasis>
|
||
) Dorsal view of mesothorax. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC3FFA703A9F96EFF5348ED" bold="true" box="[129,143,1728,1752]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">F</emphasis>
|
||
) Basisternum. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC3FFA7021AF911FE9848E2" bold="true" box="[306,324,1727,1751]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">G</emphasis>
|
||
) Antenna. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC3FFA702EAF96EFE0A48ED" bold="true" box="[450,470,1728,1752]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">H</emphasis>
|
||
) Leg. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC3FFA70137F96EFDF548ED" bold="true" box="[543,553,1728,1752]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">I</emphasis>
|
||
) Ventral view of penial sheath.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFC2FFA60123FD49FCE94D34" blockId="33.[523,821,743,769]" box="[523,821,743,769]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA60123FD49FD714D34" bold="true" box="[523,685,743,769]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA60123FD49FD744D34" authority="Vea & Grimaldi, 2015" authorityName="Vea & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2015" box="[523,680,743,769]" class="Insecta" family="Apticoccidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family" status="fam. nov.">Apticoccidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201AA64FFC2FFA6019DFD49FCE94D34" box="[693,821,743,769]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="family">new family</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35C9886FFC2FFA60380FCBCFD6B4AD9" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFC2FFA60380FCBCFC014D1E" blockId="33.[120,1226,785,1783]" box="[168,989,785,812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FD75AFFFC2FFA60380FCBCFF3E4D19" box="[168,226,786,812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
GENUS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA6026FFCBCFD1B4D19" authority="Koteja and Azar, 2008" authorityName=", Koteja and Azar" authorityYear="2008" box="[327,711,785,812]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Apticoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA6026FFCBCFE624D19" box="[327,446,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Apticoccus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7B6FCFFC2FFA602EEFCBFFD1B4D19" author="Koteja, J. & D. Azar" box="[454,711,785,812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="133 - 167" refId="ref37646" refString="Koteja, J., and D. Azar. 2008. Scale insects from Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccinea). Alavesia 167: 133 - 167." type="journal article" year="2008">Koteja and Azar, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; by present designation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFC2FFA60380FC99FD6B4AD9" blockId="33.[120,1226,785,1783]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
FAMILY DIAGNOSIS (macropterous male):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA601B8FC99FCF94D64" authorityName="Vea & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2015" box="[656,805,823,849]" class="Insecta" family="Apticoccidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Apticoccidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA600E9FC96FB884D64" authorityName="Koteja" authorityYear="2000" box="[961,1108,824,849]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Turonicoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA600E9FC96FB884D64" box="[961,1108,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Turonicoccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA607B9FC99FF034D43" authorityName="Beardsley" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Electrococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA607B9FC99FF034D43" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Electrococcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the combination of the following characters: body especially small (less than 800 μm long) (vs. larger); head narrow; antennae 10-segmented, with scape almost meeting anteriorly (vs. not meeting medially); antennal segments shorter distally (vs. of almost equal length), with fleshy setae on flagellar segments and forming a brush on apical segment (vs. not forming a brush); capitate setae absent (vs. present); ocular sclerite with a row of six simple eyes on each side, ventral eyes located more posteriorly than dorsal eyes and meeting on venter, with a V-shaped appearance; scutellum rectangular and transversely narrow; legs with two finely clavate tarsal digitules, each longer than claw without claw digitules or claw denticles; wings with subcostal and cubital ridges originating at base of wing; surface of wing with microtrichia; hamulohalteres broad (vs. narrow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA602EDFB03FD8B4AF3" authorityName="Koteja" authorityYear="2000" box="[453,599,1197,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Turonicoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA602EDFB03FD8B4AF3" box="[453,599,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Turonicoccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), with two hamuli; penial sheath elongate and pointed, at least 1/7 body length (vs. short and triangular).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35C9886FFC2FFA60380FB59FCDB4B24" box="[168,775,1271,1297]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFC2FFA60380FB59FCDB4B24" blockId="33.[120,1226,785,1783]" box="[168,775,1271,1297]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
GENUS INCLUDED:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA602ABFB59FCDF4B24" authority="Koteja and Azar, 2008" authorityName=", Koteja and Azar" authorityYear="2008" box="[387,771,1271,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Apticoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA602ABFB59FE264B24" box="[387,506,1271,1297]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Apticoccus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7B6FCFFC2FFA6012AFB59FCDF4B24" author="Koteja, J. & D. Azar" box="[514,771,1271,1297]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="133 - 167" refId="ref37646" refString="Koteja, J., and D. Azar. 2008. Scale insects from Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccinea). Alavesia 167: 133 - 167." type="journal article" year="2008">Koteja and Azar, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35C9886FFC2FFA50380FAB2FCF74F14" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9CB0DFFC2FFA50380FAB2FCF74F14" blockId="33.[120,1226,785,1783]" lastBlockId="34.[120,1225,225,289]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
COMMENTS:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7B6FCFFC2FFA60217FAB2FD8D4B03" author="Koteja, J. & D. Azar" box="[319,593,1308,1334]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="133 - 167" refId="ref37646" refString="Koteja, J., and D. Azar. 2008. Scale insects from Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccinea). Alavesia 167: 133 - 167." type="journal article" year="2008">Koteja and Azar (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
tentatively classified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA60063FAB3FC194B02" authorityName=", Koteja and Azar" authorityYear="2008" box="[843,965,1309,1335]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Apticoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA60063FAB3FC194B02" box="[843,965,1309,1335]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Apticoccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA60742FAB2FF3C4B69" baseAuthorityName="Koteja" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Electrococcidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This family was created by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7B6FCFFC2FFA6010EFAECFD084B68" author="Koteja, J." box="[550,724,1346,1373]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="147 - 229" refId="ref37531" refString="Koteja, J. 2000 b. Scale insects (Homoptera, Coccinea) from Upper Cretaceous New Jersey amber. In D. A. Grimaldi (editor), Studies on fossils in amber, with particular reference to the Cretaceous of New Jersey: 147 - 229. Leiden: Backhuys Publishers." type="book chapter" year="2000">Koteja (2000b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
after the author described the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA607AFFAECFEEE4BB4" authority="Koteja" authorityName="Koteja" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Turonicoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA607AFFAECFF054BB4" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Turonicoccus</emphasis>
|
||
Koteja
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498205EFFFC2FFA602ADFAC9FDD24BB4" box="[389,526,1383,1409]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||
amber and suggested that this genus and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA6070FFAC9FB1D4BB4" authorityName="Beardsley" authorityYear="1969" box="[1063,1217,1383,1409]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Electrococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA6070FFAC9FB1D4BB4" box="[1063,1217,1383,1409]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Electrococcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from Canadian amber (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7B6FCFFC2FFA6012FFA22FD1C4B92" author="Beardsley, J. W." box="[519,704,1420,1447]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="270 - 279" refId="ref35389" refString="Beardsley, J. W. 1969. A new fossil scale insect (Homoptera: Coccoidea) from Canadian amber. Psyche 76: 270 - 279." type="journal article" year="1969">Beardsley, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), belong to the same family. The assignment of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA603B0FA1CFECE4BF9" authorityName=", Koteja and Azar" authorityYear="2008" box="[152,274,1458,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Apticoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA603B0FA1CFECE4BF9" box="[152,274,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Apticoccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA60212FA1CFE284BF9" baseAuthorityName="Koteja" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[314,500,1458,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Electrococcidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is, however, uncertain, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7B6FCFFC2FFA60084FA1CFB1F4BF9" author="Koteja, J. & D. Azar" box="[940,1219,1458,1484]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="133 - 167" refId="ref37646" refString="Koteja, J., and D. Azar. 2008. Scale insects from Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccinea). Alavesia 167: 133 - 167." type="journal article" year="2008">Koteja and Azar (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, probably because of the poorly preserved
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FD75AFFFC2FFA60146FA79FD044BC4" box="[622,728,1495,1521]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Based on newly studied material, we are creating the new family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA602B3FA52FDEF4823" authorityName="Vea & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2015" box="[411,563,1532,1558]" class="Insecta" family="Apticoccidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Apticoccidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA60140FA53FD3E4822" authorityName=", Koteja and Azar" authorityYear="2008" box="[616,738,1533,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Apticoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA60140FA53FD3E4822" box="[616,738,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Apticoccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on the following differences with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA60350F98CFED2480E" authorityName="Koteja" authorityYear="2000" box="[120,270,1570,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Turonicoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA60350F98CFED2480E" box="[120,270,1570,1595]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Turonicoccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA60267F98CFE3B4809" authorityName="Beardsley" authorityYear="1969" box="[335,487,1570,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Electrococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA60267F98CFE3B4809" box="[335,487,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Electrococcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: head small and generally narrower than thorax (vs. head as large as thoracic structures), antennae without short, fleshy setae or capitate setae (vs. capitate setae and presence of short fleshy setae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA6014DF9C3FD2748B3" authorityName="Koteja" authorityYear="2000" box="[613,763,1645,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Turonicoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC2FFA6014DF9C3FD2748B3" box="[613,763,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Turonicoccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), apical segments with bristles forming a brush (vs. absent), one tarsal segment (vs. two tarsal segments), scutellum rectangular, transverse and narrow (vs. enlarged rectangular scutellum), penial sheath spinelike (vs. shorter triangular penial sheath). The phylogenetic analysis retrieved
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC2FFA60063F972FC3F48C3" authorityName="Vea & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2015" box="[843,995,1756,1782]" class="Insecta" family="Apticoccidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Apticoccidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as an independent, monophyletic lineage, sister group to all neococcoid families. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC1FFA500C6FF4CFBB44EC9" authorityName=", Koteja and Azar" authorityYear="2008" box="[1006,1128,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Apticoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC1FFA500C6FF4CFBB44EC9" box="[1006,1128,226,252]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Apticoccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not found to be related to either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC1FFA502E5FEA9FDBF4F15" authorityName="Koteja" authorityYear="2000" box="[461,611,263,288]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Turonicoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC1FFA502E5FEA9FDBF4F15" box="[461,611,263,288]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Turonicoccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis id="B932171FFFC1FFA501A4FEA9FCF74F14" box="[652,811,263,289]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C46B08EFFC1FFA501A4FEA9FCFB4F14" authorityName="Beardsley" authorityYear="1969" box="[652,807,263,289]" class="Insecta" family="Electrococcidae" genus="Electrococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Electrococcus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |