190 lines
19 KiB
XML
190 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="3C7F986420F737C182A598009F741538" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.334.2.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13721390" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725662240977" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Smith, Alan R. & Kessler, Michael" docDate="2018" docId="03D18784DE1C3155FF4B109AC4BAFACA" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.334.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 334 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.334.2.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Nephrolepis biserrata Schott, Gen. Fil." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="137" masterDocId="FFE8FFFCDE1E3157FFC3117CC54EFFAB" masterDocTitle="Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXXVII. Nephrolepidaceae" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="135" pageNumber="137" updateTime="1725673110671" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9B19EF82447A624EE801C3A68DD6E400">
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<mods:title id="CE7AAB15744E95B3A17E65458730DB13">Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXXVII. Nephrolepidaceae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="BA3F6CE4CAE8D8F11DFB5A968EE15355" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="644EBFA31CCEC90B4F33DA63F58A2B9B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B89DDB4A3AE7764B795976D15CD3E531">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E84367A99B47595659A5523529A837E4">Smith, Alan R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="53694882FC38A385D5A368DF88A89FB6">University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="292C977301D95C7DF3EC8E891C4C63BA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8EA1FAFBBF267E175E9A0E1F3BC03BBB">Kessler, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5730D30F0246B918023802FF9673115B">Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="AC65F33E9722ED6CC96F64EB521463D8">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CCB38FFA3E92A8AE6513182E0C7F5F32">
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<mods:date id="D967139CEC55CB9319B0EE353D7CDC87">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3F21A8D10D0BA62BE3CE4520FDAE42E6">2018-01-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D456EAF849C18AD1C53D6D25EE06F5B2">334</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="88A7443A366F3A043A4B429B359CC95E">135</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="592B3D77F42ECB57151D39E030970AD3">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.334.2.3</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="30210CDB59BCBC2B6F3F831E07B77A2D" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.334.2.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="01AB4A51AABEE9E936840DC459283716" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7D2B7504238A6D8687572728BD192717" type="Zenodo-Dep">13721390</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03D18784DE1C3155FF4B109AC4BAFACA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D18784DE1C3155FF4B109AC4BAFACA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D18784DE1C3155FF4B109AC4BAFACA" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">
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<subSubSection id="C3626519DE1C3155FF4B109AC5B3FDE2" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC73692DE1C3155FF4B109AC7B2FDAA" blockId="2.[136,764,486,513]" box="[136,764,486,513]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">
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<heading id="D08F81FEDE1C3155FF4B109AC7B2FDAA" box="[136,764,486,513]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D11DE1C3155FF4B109AC7CAFDAA" ID-CoL="47226" authority="(Sw.) Schott, Gen. Fil." authorityName="Schott, Gen. Fil." baseAuthorityName="Sw." box="[136,644,486,513]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biserrata">
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FF4B109AC4CCFDAA" bold="true" box="[136,386,486,513]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Nephrolepis biserrata</emphasis>
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(Sw.) Schott, Gen. Fil.
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</taxonomicName>
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t. 3. 1834.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC73692DE1C3155FF7E1370C5B3FDE2" blockId="2.[136,1452,524,1377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FF7E1370C45DFD8E" bold="true" box="[189,275,524,549]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Range:</emphasis>
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—Florida; Antilles; southern
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FDB71370C784FD8E" box="[628,714,524,549]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FD3E1370C601FD8E" box="[765,847,524,549]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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(BE, CO, LP, PA, SC) and
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FB791370C04CFD8E" box="[1210,1282,524,549]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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; Africa; Asia; Polynesia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3626519DE1C3155FF7E1328C4BAFACA" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BC73692DE1C3155FF7E1328C1DAFD3A" blockId="2.[136,1452,524,1377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FF7E1328C468FDC6" bold="true" box="[189,294,596,621]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Ecology:</emphasis>
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—Fairly common; epiphytic, terrestrial, and saxicolous, often along roadsides, in secondary growth, and along forests borders, sometimes growing in leaf axils of palms, in humid regions; to
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<specimenCount id="9D7EFD1BDE1C3155FB851304C1DAFD3A" box="[1094,1172,632,657]" count="500" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" type="generic">
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<quantity id="4C809B77DE1C3155FB851304C1DEFD3A" box="[1094,1168,632,657]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC73692DE1C3155FF7E13E0C1F0FC26" blockId="2.[136,1452,524,1377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FF7E13E0C447FD1E" bold="true" box="[189,265,668,693]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Notes:</emphasis>
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—A variable and pantropical species, with more than 25 heterotypic synonyms listed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B63DE1C3155FAC713E0C41FFD72" author="Hovenkamp, P. H. & Miyamoto, F." pageId="2" pageNumber="137" pagination="279 - 322" refId="ref4219" refString="Hovenkamp, P. H. & Miyamoto, F. (2005) A conspectus of the native and naturalized species of Nephrolepis (Nephrolepidaceae) in the world. Blumea 50 (2): 279 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.3767 / 000651905 X 623003" type="journal article" year="2005">Hovenkamp & Miyamoto (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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. Rhizomes and petiole bases with spreading, concolorous scales
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<quantity id="4C809B77DE1C3155FBE313BCC132FD72" box="[1056,1148,704,729]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
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long; blades (11)
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<quantity id="4C809B77DE1C3155FAFA13BCC0E5FD72" box="[1337,1451,704,729]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" unit="cm" value="23.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="16.0">16–30 cm</quantity>
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wide, to
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<quantity id="4C809B77DE1C3155FF2B1398C45DFD56" box="[232,275,740,765]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
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long, abaxially with hairs
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<quantity id="4C809B77DE1C3155FDF81398C78FFD56" box="[571,705,740,765]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.6 mm</quantity>
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long; costae adaxially with dense, catenate hairs
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<quantity id="4C809B77DE1C3155FB261398C022FD56" box="[1253,1388,740,765]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" unit="mm" value="0.3" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.5 mm</quantity>
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long; indusia round-reniform with occasional hairs. The species may be a complex, even in
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FBFF1274C1DFFC8A" box="[1084,1169,776,801]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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, with typical
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D11DE1C3155FAE61274C0E2FC8A" box="[1317,1452,776,801]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biserrata">
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FAE61274C0E2FC8A" box="[1317,1452,776,801]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">N. biserrata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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having mostly (entirely) segmented hairs abaxially, and another variant with few hairs but sparse to moderately dense scales. However, a sampling of specimens from five localities (
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FC83122CC6D9FCC2" box="[832,919,848,873]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FC63122CC146FCC2" box="[928,1032,848,873]" name="Comoros" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Comores</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FBD1122CC115FCC2" box="[1042,1115,848,873]" name="Sudan" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Sudan</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FB50122CC04CFCC2" box="[1171,1282,848,873]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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) by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B63DE1C3155FAF2122CC45CFC26" author="Hennequin, S. & Hovenkamp, P. & Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Schneider, H." pageId="2" pageNumber="137" pagination="113 - 127" refId="ref4111" refString="Hennequin, S., Hovenkamp, P., Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Schneider, H. (2010) Phylogenetics and biogeography of Nephrolepis - a tale of old settlers and young tramps. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 164 (2): 113 - 127. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.2010.01076. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
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Hennequin
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FF4B1208C58EFC26" box="[136,192,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
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(2010)
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</bibRefCitation>
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showed the species to be monophyletic. The
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<typeStatus id="54C38830DE1C3155FCCC1208C671FC26" box="[783,831,884,909]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">type</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D11DE1C3155FCA71208C6A2FC26" box="[868,1004,884,909]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biserrata">
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FCA71208C6A2FC26" box="[868,1004,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">N. biserrata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is from
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FB891208C1F5FC26" box="[1098,1211,884,909]" name="Mauritius" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC73692DE1C3155FF7E12E4C672FB7A" blockId="2.[136,1452,524,1377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">
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A recent collection from Dept.
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<collectingRegion id="49BCF870DE1C3155FDCC12E4C712FC1A" box="[527,604,920,945]" country="Bolivia" name="La Paz" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">La Paz</collectingRegion>
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,
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FDA612E4C644FC1A" box="[613,778,920,945]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Gonzales 4875</emphasis>
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(UC), deviates from the pantropical
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D11DE1C3155FB5912E4C051FC1A" box="[1178,1311,920,945]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biserrata">
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FB5912E4C051FC1A" box="[1178,1311,920,945]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">N. biserrata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and all other specimens from
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FE8712C0C4D8FC7E" box="[324,406,956,981]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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in several seemingly significant characters: blade scales lacking on the costae and rachises, and long-septate hairs present on both sides of the costae, and between veins abaxially. The much more common and typical form of this species in
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FE221578C77DFBB6" box="[481,563,1028,1053]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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and elsewhere has scales along the costae abaxially, often lacks hairs between veins abaxially, and lacks or has sparse hairs on the costae adaxially. These two forms may be specifically different, but in the absence of more detailed morphological and molecular studies in
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D11DE1C3155FC111530C114FBCE" box="[978,1114,1100,1125]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FC111530C114FBCE" box="[978,1114,1100,1125]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Nephrolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which must be broadly based (a range of specimens from throughout the Americas and beyond), we refrain from giving this a name. The type of
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D11DE1C3155FA51150CC479FB06" authority="Rosenst." authorityName="Rosenst." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollis">
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FA51150CC582FB06" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">N. mollis</emphasis>
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Rosenst.
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</taxonomicName>
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, from
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FE4215E8C4B2FB06" box="[385,508,1172,1197]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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(
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FDCE15E8C7A3FB06" box="[525,749,1172,1197]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Brade & Brade 141</emphasis>
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,
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<typeStatus id="54C38830DE1C3155FD3F15E8C603FB06" box="[764,845,1172,1197]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
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UC!), appears to match the hairy, scaleless variant of this species, as does
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FEAC15C4C4F9FB7A" box="[367,439,1208,1233]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Sieber</emphasis>
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, Syn. Fil. 35, UC, from
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<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FD0B15C4C677FB7A" box="[712,825,1208,1233]" name="Mauritius" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC73692DE1C3155FF7E15A0C4BAFACA" blockId="2.[136,1452,524,1377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">
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In an analysis by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B63DE1C3155FE5B15A0C7C1FB5E" author="Yahaya, N. H. & Stech, M. & Zonneveld, B. J. M. & Hovenkamp, P. H." box="[408,655,1244,1269]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" pagination="153 - 160" refId="ref5097" refString="Yahaya, N. H., Stech, M., Zonneveld, B. J. M. & Hovenkamp, P. H. (2016) " What is Nephrolepis ' bostoniensis'? " Unravelling the origin of Nephrolepis hybrids and cultivars with molecular data. " Scientia Horticulturae 204: 153 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. scienta. 2016.04.001" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Yahaya
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<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FE3415A0C761FB5E" box="[503,559,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">et al</emphasis>
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||
. (2016)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, using both chloroplast and nuclear markers,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11DE1C3155FB7615A0C00DFB5E" box="[1205,1347,1244,1269]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biserrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FB7615A0C00DFB5E" box="[1205,1347,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">N. biserrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not monophyletic, but some populations of this species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FCD1147CC632FAB2" box="[786,892,1280,1305]" name="Malaysia" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36F7602DE1C3155FC4B147CC6AAFAB2" box="[904,996,1280,1305]" name="Malaysia" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Malesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and Africa show a sister relationship to a complex of clades comprising elements identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11DE1C3155FD301458C624FA96" box="[755,874,1316,1341]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brownii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FD301458C624FA96" box="[755,874,1316,1341]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">N. brownii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11DE1C3155FCBB1458C6BAFA96" box="[888,1012,1316,1341]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exaltata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FCBB1458C6BAFA96" box="[888,1012,1316,1341]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">N. exaltata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, other populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11DE1C3155FB2F1458C03BFA96" box="[1260,1397,1316,1341]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biserrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEA80DE1C3155FB2F1458C03BFA96" box="[1260,1397,1316,1341]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">N. biserrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and several other Old World species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |