335 lines
39 KiB
XML
335 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="969611968D4D261AC9405C28BD69674C" ID-CLB-Dataset="48132" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.207073" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a3815507-6100-464e-aaf6-60d6820a1eec" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="207073" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460228776049" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Torres-Carvajal, Omar, Etheridge, Richard & Queiroz, Kevin De" docDate="2011" docId="038287FDFFB7605569838DE9D0BEF923" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02752p044.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2752" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Enyalioides heterolepis Bocourt 1874" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFBBFF85FFBB604769148B6ED174FF93" masterDocTitle="A systematic revision of Neotropical lizards in the clade Hoplocercinae (Squamata: Iguania)" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1720202091178" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6E835F2CD70BD7A7213CBC2EB941B85D">A systematic revision of Neotropical lizards in the clade Hoplocercinae (Squamata: Iguania)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DA008A0127C12C9EB84876A19FBD55E8">Torres-Carvajal, Omar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="437F545FAD1CC1D7E67F1D1F145A3DC1">Etheridge, Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="92C6C47E63D918DA63BA9B95C91B95C0">Queiroz, Kevin De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2BF559262685D16796CBF0B9D62A4A96">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="627A136C996E88CC8DE63BCF94F81E05">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B0C5C0F3A23C61DE25C730338EB55F07">2752</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8CF4EAD7910136DB7A80D3B0E39C1502" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.207073</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038287FDFFB7605569838DE9D0BEF923" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6184959" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119387040" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6184959" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038287FDFFB7605569838DE9D0BEF923" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038287FDFFB7605569838DE9D0BEF923" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="C3316560FFB7604B69838DE9D3DCF942" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB7604B69838DE9D305F932" blockId="12.[151,1436,1671,2005]" box="[151,625,1671,1697]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="D0DC8187FFB7604B69838DE9D305F932" bold="true" box="[151,625,1671,1697]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB7604B69838DE9D305F932" ID-CoL="6FH66" authority="Bocourt 1874" authorityName="Bocourt" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,625,1671,1697]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB7604B69838DE9D305F932" bold="true" box="[151,625,1671,1697]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB7604B69838DE9D0C4F932" bold="true" box="[151,432,1671,1697]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Enyalioides heterolepis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B68AB8DE9D31CF932" author="Bocourt" box="[447,616,1671,1697]" pageId="12" pageNumber="38" refString="Bocourt, M. F. (1874) Deux notes sur quelques sauriens de l'Amerique tropicale. Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie et Biologie Animale, 19, 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1874">Bocourt 1874</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB7604B69838DD5D3DCF942" blockId="12.[151,1436,1671,2005]" box="[151,680,1723,1745]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Proposed standard English name: spiny woodlizards</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3316560FFB7604B69838DB4D273F963" box="[151,775,1754,1776]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB7604B69838DB4D273F963" blockId="12.[151,1436,1671,2005]" box="[151,775,1754,1776]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Proposed standard Spanish name: lagartijas de palo espinosas</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3316560FFB7604B69838C69D04AF846" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB7604B69838C69D5CAF88E" blockId="12.[151,1436,1671,2005]" box="[151,1214,1799,1822]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB7604B69838C69D362F88D" authority="Bocourt (1874:1)" authorityName="Bocourt" authorityPageNumber="1" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,534,1799,1822]" class="Squamata" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB7604B69838C69D02AF88E" box="[151,350,1799,1821]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Enyalus heterolepis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B68708C66D362F88D" author="Bocourt" box="[356,534,1800,1822]" pageId="12" pageNumber="38" refString="Bocourt, M. F. (1874) Deux notes sur quelques sauriens de l'Amerique tropicale. Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie et Biologie Animale, 19, 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1874">Bocourt (1874:1)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54908849FFB7604B6B348C69D3F6F88E" box="[544,642,1799,1821]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: MHNP 4067, from “Veragua [
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<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB7604B6AA88C66D566F88E" box="[956,1042,1800,1821]" name="Panama" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Panama</collectingCountry>
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; (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B6D378C69D5D6F88E" author="Guibe" box="[1059,1186,1799,1821]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" refString="Guibe, J. (1954) Catalogue des types de lezards du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Imprimerie Colas, Bayeux, 120 pp." type="book" year="1954">Guibé 1954</bibRefCitation>
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)].”
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB7604B69838C48D31FF8AF" blockId="12.[151,1436,1671,2005]" box="[151,619,1830,1852]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB7604B69838C48D0CBF8AF" authority="Gunther" authorityName="Gunther" box="[151,447,1830,1852]" class="Reptilia" family="Leiosauridae" genus="Enyalius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB7604B69838C48D011F8AF" box="[151,357,1830,1852]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Enyalius heterolepis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B68788C48D0CBF8AF" author="Gunther" box="[364,447,1830,1852]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" refString="Gunther, A. C. L. G. (1885 - 1902) Biologia Centrali-Americana. Reptilia and Batrachia. xx + 326 + 76 plates (12 in color) pp." type="book" year="1885">Günther</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<date id="FF95102BFFB7604B68D88C48D335F8AF" box="[460,577,1830,1852]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1885" valueMax="1902">1885-1902</date>
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:56).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB7604B69838C2BD4E8F8C8" blockId="12.[151,1436,1671,2005]" box="[151,1436,1861,1883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3B11C5FFB7604B69838C2BD4E8F8C8" box="[151,1436,1861,1883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB7604B69838C2BD318F8C8" ID-CoL="6FH66" authority="Boulenger (1885:114)" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityPageNumber="114" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,620,1861,1883]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB7604B69838C2BD0F7F8C8" box="[151,387,1861,1883]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Enyalioides heterolepis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B689E8C2BD318F8C8" author="Boulenger" box="[394,620,1861,1883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="38" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1885) Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History) II. Taylor and Francis, London, 497 pp." type="book" year="1885">Boulenger (1885:114)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8A10FAFFB7604B6B628C28D23CF8C9" author="Burt" box="[630,840,1861,1883]" page="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1930">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B6B628C28D243F8C9" author="Burt" box="[630,823,1861,1883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="38" refString="Burt, C. E. & Burt, M. D. (1930) The South American lizards in the collection of the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 78, 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="1930">Burt & Burt (1930</bibRefCitation>
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:9
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
; 1931:265; 1933:23);
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B6D338C28D4EDF8C8" author="Peters" box="[1063,1433,1861,1883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" refString="Peters, J. A. & Donoso-Barros, R. (1970) Catalogue of the neotropical Squamata: Part II. Lizards and amphisbaenians. United States National Museum Bulletin, 297, 1 - 293." type="journal article" year="1970">Peters & Donoso-Barros (1970:114)</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB7604B69838C0AD387F80B" blockId="12.[151,1436,1671,2005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3B11C5FFB7604B69838C0AD387F80B" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB7604B69838C0AD0CCF8EA" ID-CoL="6FGTX" authority="Barbour" authorityName="Barbour" box="[151,440,1891,1914]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulae">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB7604B69838C0AD02AF8E9" box="[151,350,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Enyalioides insulae</emphasis>
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Barbour
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8A10FAFFB7604B68CE8C0BD3B3F8EA" author="Bangs" box="[474,711,1891,1914]" page="100" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1905">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B68CE8C0BD3EFF8EA" author="Bangs" box="[474,667,1891,1914]" pageId="12" pageNumber="38" refString="Bangs, O., Brown, W. W., Thayer, J. E. & Barbour, T. (1905) The Vertebrata of Gorgona Island, Colombia. 1 Introduction. Mammalia. 2. Physical aspect and climate; fauna. 3 Aves. 4 Reptilia; Amphibia. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 46, 87 - 102." type="journal article" year="1905">
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Bangs
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB7604B6B358C0BD321F8E9" box="[545,597,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
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(1905
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</bibRefCitation>
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:100
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
).
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<typeStatus id="54908849FFB7604B6BCE8C0AD24FF8EA" box="[730,827,1892,1913]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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: MCZ 6983, 167581, from “Gorgona Island [Departamento Cauca],
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<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB7604B680F8CECD0F7F80B" box="[283,387,1922,1944]" name="Colombia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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,” synonymy
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB7604B6B138CECD359F80B" box="[519,557,1922,1944]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">fide</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B6B278CECD39BF80B" author="Parker" box="[563,751,1922,1944]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" refString="Parker, H. W. (1926) The reptiles and batrachians of Gorgona Island, Colombia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 17, 549 - 554." type="journal article" year="1926">Parker (1926:550)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB7604B69838CCFD04AF846" blockId="12.[151,1436,1671,2005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB7604B69838CCFD33EF82B" authority="Mocquardi Despax (1911:10)" authorityName="Mocquardi Despax" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,586,1953,1976]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB7604B69838CCFD0F3F824" box="[151,391,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Enyalioides Mocquardi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B68848CCCD33EF82B" author="Despax" box="[400,586,1954,1976]" pageId="12" pageNumber="39" refString="Despax, M. (1911) Note preliminaire relative aux lezards rapportes de l'Equateur par M. le Dr Rivet. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 17, 9 - 12." type="journal article" year="1911">Despax (1911:10)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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<typeStatus id="54908849FFB7604B6B438CCCD3CCF824" box="[599,696,1954,1975]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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: MHNP 06-226–228, from “l’Équateur,” synonymy
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB7604B6DC88CCFD476F824" box="[1244,1282,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">fide</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B1AFFB7604B6C1F8CCCD04FF846" author="Burt" pageId="12" pageNumber="38" refString="Burt, C. E. & Burt, M. D. (1931) South American lizards in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 61, 227 - 395." type="journal article" year="1931">Burt and Burt (1931:265)</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3316560FFB6604A69838BF9D20DFE84" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB6604A69838BF9D20DFE84" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A69838BF9D065FF23" bold="true" box="[151,273,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This species can be distinguished from other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A6A918BF6D57DFF23" box="[901,1033,152,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A6A918BF6D57DFF23" box="[901,1033,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Enyalioides</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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by having scattered, projecting, tetrahedral large scales on dorsum, flanks, and hind limbs, which are conspicuous in juveniles and adults of both sexes. The only other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A6B108BB3D3FCFF66" box="[516,648,221,245]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A6B108BB3D3FCFF66" box="[516,648,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Enyalioides</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
with scattered, projecting dorsal scales is
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A6D758BB0D58DFF66" box="[1121,1273,221,245]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cofanorum">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A6D758BB0D58DFF66" box="[1121,1273,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E. cofanorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A69C08A6FD01AFE8B" box="[212,366,256,280]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A69C08A6FD01AFE8B" box="[212,366,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E. heterolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in lacking projecting scales on the hind limbs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3316560FFB6604A69D18A4CD2C3F8DB" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB6604A69D18A4CD0F4FCB3" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A69D18A4CD023FEA8" bold="true" box="[197,343,290,315]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
(1) dorsal head scales conical or multicarinate, strongly projecting dorsally; (2) posterior superciliaries not enlarged relative to adjacent scales; (3) scales on lateral edge of skull roof just posterior to superciliaries sometimes (55.6%) slightly more projecting than adjacent scales; (4) all pretympanic scales similar in size; (5) gular scales conical or multicarinate, strongly projecting ventrally; (6) dorsal neck scales projecting, heterogeneous in size, largest scales tetrahedral; lateral neck scales similar in size to smallest dorsal neck scales; (7) vertebrals larger than adjacent dorsals, forming distinct raised middorsal crest that extends onto tail as a pair of crests; (8) nuchal region with continuous and sometimes (16.7%) paired middorsal crest; (9) dorsals distinctly keeled and heterogeneous in size, with largest scales similar in size to vertebrals; (10) continuous longitudinal row of raised, enlarged scales between dorsals and flank scales present; (11) scales on flanks keeled and usually (83.3%) heterogeneous in size, with largest scales similar in size and shape to vertebrals; (12) ventrals usually (66.7%) smooth; (13) fore limb scales keeled dorsally, smooth or slightly keeled ventrally; (14) hind limb scales keeled dorsally, smooth or slightly keeled ventrally; scattered enlarged scales present dorsally; dorsal scales of pes heterogeneous in size; (15) caudals heterogeneous, increasing in size posteriorly on each segment (6–8 scales in lateral view), not modified as conspicuous spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A6EFFB6604A6B1A898BD326FD6E" box="[526,594,741,765]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1517,1540]" captionTargetBox="[280,1305,321,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[274,1314,306,1505]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Caudal segments from the anterior third of the tail of ten species of Hoplocercinae in lateral view. (A) Enyalioides cofanorum, (B) E. heterolepis, (C) E. laticeps, (D) E. microlepis, (E) E. oshaughnessyi, (F) E. palpebralis, (G) E. praestabilis, (H) E. rubrigularis, (I) E. touzeti, and (J) Morunasaurus annularis. Scale bars = 5 mm. Illustration by D. Paucar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207076/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
); (16) tail compressed laterally. Meristic and morphometric characters are presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A90350FFB6604A68328866D00EFCB3" box="[294,378,776,800]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,235,1304,1325]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1377,1892]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Summary of counts and measurements (mm) for species of Hoplocercinae. Range (first line) and mean ± standard" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF546663FFBD604169838E76D4E8FABD" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="DF546663FFBD604169838E76D4E8FABD">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB6604A69D18844D1B1FC15" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A69D18844D0E6FCD0" bold="true" box="[197,402,810,835]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coloration in life</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A6EFFB6604A68B68844D09CFCD1" box="[418,488,810,834]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1897,1920]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,190,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[204,1384,184,1876]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Photographs of live lizards representing twelve species of Hoplocercinae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207077/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Juveniles and adults of both sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A6AB18845D5D8FCD0" box="[933,1196,811,835]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A6AB18845D5D8FCD0" box="[933,1196,811,835]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Enyalioides heterolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a distinct black or dark brown triangular mark or anterodorsally oriented stripe between commisure of mouth and ventral margin of eye.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB6604A69D188E0D3F4FBA2" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Adult females (KU 76052, 113494, 169853): dorsal background reddish brown or olive green, sometimes with olive grey or green mottling laterally, or reddish-brown suffusion; cream spot ventral or posterior to ear sometimes present; venter creamy tan with reddish-brown suffusion laterally, or reddish brown with cream flecks; throat grey with brown streaks or black spot; iris reddish brown with yellow ring around pupil (C.W. Myers [
|
||
<date id="FF95102BFFB6604A6DC68898D412FB9D" box="[1234,1382,1014,1038]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1963-07-21">21 July 1963</date>
|
||
] and W.E. Duellman [
|
||
<date id="FF95102BFFB6604A68468F77D098FBA2" box="[338,492,1049,1073]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1975-06-10">10 June 1975</date>
|
||
] field notes).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB6604A69D18F52D429FA3F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Adult males (KU 76048, 76051, 113490, QCAZ 8654): dorsal background brown, reddish brown, or yellowish brown, with darker lines forming a reticulate pattern; scattered pale blue spots on body sometimes present; head yellowish green, reddish brown, or yellowish brown; labials golden yellow or greenish yellow, sometimes followed by an orange streak posterior to mouth commisure; orange or white spot behind ear sometimes present; flanks similar to dorsum, or with greenish background; chin yellow or cream; light or dark brown vertical stripe from fore limb insertion to scapular region (sometimes continuous middorsally) sometimes present; green or blue flecks on dorsal aspect of limbs sometimes present; gular region yellow (sometimes streaked with brown), with black medial mark posteriorly; venter dull yellow or brown laterally and blackish medially, or creamy tan with pinkish brown mottling; ventral surface of limbs greenish; tail similar to dorsum, or bluish grey dorsally and pale brown ventrally, sometimes with blue flecks; iris brown with yellow ring around pupil, sometimes with grayish-white area dorsally; tongue flesh white with dark grey tip (C.W. Myers [
|
||
<date id="FF95102BFFB6604A6BCE8EFAD204FA3F" box="[730,880,1428,1452]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1963-07-21">21 July 1963</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF95102BFFB6604A6A6F8EFAD530FA3F" box="[891,1092,1428,1452]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1967-04-17" valueMax="1967-04-19" valueMin="1967-04-17">17–19 April 1967</date>
|
||
] and color photographs).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB6604A69D18ED8D302F90F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Juveniles (KU 76053, 96688, 146657, 164166): dorsal background brown or reddish brown, with brown or reddish brown transverse bars; light brown V-shaped mark behind head sometimes present; flanks olive tan or light green, with brown spots; yellow or yellowish-green vertical bar from fore limb insertion to vertebral crest; head olive brown; cream spot behind ear sometimes present; gular region and belly cream, pale green, or dull yellow, with brown or red streaks and light brown or reddish flecks, respectively; black gular patch; iris brown or reddish brown with yellow ring around pupil (C.W. Myers [
|
||
<date id="FF95102BFFB6604A6BFE8D0CD2B9F9E9" box="[746,973,1634,1658]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1964-09-10">10 September 1964</date>
|
||
] and W.E. Duellman [
|
||
<date id="FF95102BFFB6604A6DD88D0CD407F9E9" box="[1228,1395,1634,1658]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1972-04-10">10 April 1972</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF95102BFFB6604A6C948D0CD056F90F" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1975-03-28">28 March 1975</date>
|
||
] field notes and photographs).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB6604A69D18DC9D2C3F8DB" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A69D18DC9D0F2F92C" bold="true" box="[197,390,1702,1727]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Most adult specimens have been found sleeping on tree trunks at night
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B0EFFB6604A6DDB8DC9D43BF92C" box="[1231,1359,1703,1727]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="17.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="cm" value="95.0" valueMax="170.0" valueMin="20.0">20–170 cm</quantity>
|
||
above ground, heads-up if in vertical position, sometimes next to streams. Some juveniles and adults were collected on forest floor or under logs by day. A female (SVL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B0EFFB6604A6BFB8D82D230F897" box="[751,836,1772,1796]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="89.0">89 mm</quantity>
|
||
; QCAZ 2025) collected in
|
||
<date id="FF95102BFFB6604A6D6A8D82D47CF897" box="[1150,1288,1772,1796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1990-03">
|
||
March
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B0EFFB6604A6DC48D82D47CF897" box="[1232,1288,1772,1796]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0546" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1990.0">1990</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
in Provincia Pichincha,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB6604A68018C60D000F8B5" box="[277,372,1806,1830]" name="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, had two enlarged vitellogenic follicles on each side (
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B0EFFB6604A6ACB8C60D5F2F8B5" box="[991,1158,1806,1830]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.59" metricValueMax="8.75" metricValueMin="4.43" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="6.59" valueMax="8.75" valueMin="4.43">4.43–8.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
X
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B0EFFB6604A6DB88C60D421F8B5" box="[1196,1365,1806,1830]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.24" metricValueMax="9.25" metricValueMin="5.23" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="7.24" valueMax="9.25" valueMin="5.23">5.23–9.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
). This species can be found in primary forest, secondary forest, or plantations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3316560FFB6604A69D18C3CD081F866" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB6604A69D18C3CD081F866" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A69D18C3CD02AF8F8" bold="true" box="[197,350,1874,1899]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A68708C3DD31FF8F8" box="[356,619,1875,1899]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A68708C3DD31FF8F8" box="[356,619,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Enyalioides heterolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs at elevations between
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B0EFFB6604A6AAC8C3DD55CF8F8" box="[952,1064,1875,1899]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="500.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="0.0">0–1000 m</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB6604A6D5F8C3AD5D3F8F8" box="[1099,1191,1876,1899]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the western slopes of the Andes and adjacent Pacific lowlands of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB6604A6B998C1BD38FF81E" box="[653,763,1909,1933]" name="Colombia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB6604A6A208C1BD2E7F81E" box="[820,915,1909,1933]" name="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and Gorgona island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB6604A6D9A8C1BD589F81E" box="[1166,1277,1909,1933]" name="Colombia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A6EFFB6604A6C198C1BD420F81E" box="[1293,1364,1909,1933]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1959,1982]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,530,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,517,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 6. Distribution of Enyalioides heterolepis (triangles) and E. laticeps (dots)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207083/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species is known to occur in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A6B9E8CF7D23AF823" box="[650,846,1944,1968]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshaughnessyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A6B9E8CF7D23AF823" box="[650,846,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E. oshaughnessyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB6604A6D1A8CF6D51FF823" box="[1038,1131,1944,1968]" name="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A6DB08CF7D40AF823" box="[1188,1406,1945,1968]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Morunasaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="groi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A6DB08CF7D40AF823" box="[1188,1406,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Morunasaurus groi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB6604A68228CD4D0DCF841" box="[310,424,1978,2002]" name="Colombia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A68AC8CD5D32DF841" box="[440,601,1978,2002]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A68AC8CD5D32DF841" box="[440,601,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E. heterolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also occurs close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A6A4B8CD5D553F841" box="[863,1063,1978,2002]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshaughnessyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A6A4B8CD5D553F841" box="[863,1063,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E. oshaughnessyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB6604A6DEC8CD4D412F841" box="[1272,1382,1978,2002]" name="Colombia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB6604A69838CB0D005F866" box="[151,369,2014,2037]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Morunasaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="groi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB6604A69838CB0D005F866" box="[151,369,2014,2037]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Morunasaurus groi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFB6604A68808CB0D084F866" box="[404,496,2014,2037]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF546663FFB5604969838C07D570F8EC" box="[151,1028,1897,1920]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207077/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[204,1383,190,1874]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB5604969838C07D570F8EC" blockId="14.[151,1028,1897,1920]" box="[151,1028,1897,1920]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB5604969838C07D066F8ED" bold="true" box="[151,274,1897,1920]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs of live lizards representing twelve species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB560496A738C07D574F8EC" box="[871,1024,1897,1919]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hoplocercinae">Hoplocercinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF546663FFB4604869838CE2D570F831" box="[151,1028,1932,1955]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207078/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" targetBox="[193,1393,193,1906]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFB4604869838CE2D570F831" blockId="15.[151,1028,1932,1955]" box="[151,1028,1932,1955]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFB4604869838CE2D066F832" bold="true" box="[151,274,1932,1955]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs of live lizards representing twelve species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFB460486A738CE2D574F831" box="[871,1024,1932,1954]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hoplocercinae">Hoplocercinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF546663FFAB605769838CE3D570F837" box="[151,1028,1933,1956]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207079/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[194,1392,193,1908]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFAB605769838CE3D570F837" blockId="16.[151,1028,1933,1956]" box="[151,1028,1933,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFAB605769838CE3D066F830" bold="true" box="[151,274,1933,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs of live lizards representing twelve species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFAB60576A738CE0D574F837" box="[871,1024,1934,1956]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hoplocercinae">Hoplocercinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF546663FFAA605669838CE0D570F837" box="[151,1028,1934,1957]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207080/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[196,1391,193,1908]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFAA605669838CE0D570F837" blockId="17.[151,1028,1934,1957]" box="[151,1028,1934,1957]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFAA605669838CE0D066F830" bold="true" box="[151,274,1934,1957]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs of live lizards representing twelve species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFAA60566A738CE0D574F837" box="[871,1024,1934,1956]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hoplocercinae">Hoplocercinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF546663FFA9605569838EA4D570FA72" box="[151,1028,1482,1505]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207081/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[196,1391,181,1463]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFA9605569838EA4D570FA72" blockId="18.[151,1028,1482,1505]" box="[151,1028,1482,1505]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFA9605569838EA4D066FA73" bold="true" box="[151,274,1482,1505]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs of live lizards representing twelve species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFA960556A738EA5D574FA72" box="[871,1024,1483,1505]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hoplocercinae">Hoplocercinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3316560FFA9605569D18D67D0BEF923" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436EBFFA9605569D18D67D0BEF923" blockId="18.[151,1436,1544,1712]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFA9605569D18D67D04DF9B2" bold="true" box="[197,313,1545,1569]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Torres-Carvajal & de Queiroz (2009) found strong support (bootstrap value = 100) for the monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D68FFA9605569EA8D43D0EDF9D7" box="[254,409,1580,1604]" class="Reptilia" family="Hoplocercidae" genus="Enyalioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF9FFA9605569EA8D43D0EDF9D7" box="[254,409,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E. heterolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a maximum likelihood analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequence data that included two specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFA9605568428D3FD0DBF9FB" box="[342,431,1617,1640]" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
and one specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFA960556BC48D3ED25BF9FB" box="[720,815,1616,1640]" name="Ecuador" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Sequences of the two individuals from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFA960556C178D3FD428F9FB" box="[1283,1372,1617,1640]" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
were more similar to each other (maximum-likelihood corrected distance = 0.025) than they were to the individual from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C767BFFA9605569838DF6D180F923" box="[151,244,1688,1712]" name="Ecuador" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(0.063 and 0.068).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |