treatments-xml/data/03/82/87/038287C1FFD15127FEC63C7A9E8B172F.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

255 lines
25 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="17FA09BFFF8C4331CD52C2076B94FC77" ID-CLB-Dataset="51439" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.155988" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cd7b2ba1-4a5d-43b6-9a2e-21da2a70ce28" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="155988" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459435595153" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Disney, R. Henry L." docDate="2002" docId="038287C1FFD15127FEC63C7A9E8B172F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00060.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 60" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Chonocephalus fletcheri Schmitz" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFBBFFB9FFC25133FFCE3D669D191439" masterDocTitle="Revisionary notes on Chonocephalus Wandolleck (Diptera: Phoridae) with keys to species of the Holarctic Region" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1698192701404" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="4AB12C5217A5D9C64BA40B6F2A2F71D1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="154248029645D44BF9C8FBA77D68223C">
<mods:title id="51ADA55057862438BF2066018E6F5535">Revisionary notes on Chonocephalus Wandolleck (Diptera: Phoridae) with keys to species of the Holarctic Region</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="7BAD52F209BBB940A6E00FE88E17FF58" type="personal">
<mods:role id="01AB3A5142AE6F67F9BA2FE5903D76B4">
<mods:roleTerm id="3BA769E07A10E1015FF4C57C99CFF06E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6E3D6A74CDCB3503798E9E2326C0C44D">Disney, R. Henry L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="291744D1A018EC4997856FB80C70C0D3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="2166751E728FA2B4E6604D37E451B100" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="624269F3DC84B3396783DE9619D792EE">
<mods:title id="4E0755301E7BB04D8C0830FD4DFDE4D8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="750404D39F7CAC532117A8CD01E0DC3A">
<mods:date id="B723327C948F5FDA82EC9B2561465123">2002</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7F5638562DAF55E8B91358DD9518A5E9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="28F06287E6F4689C339201233D0DF9C9">60</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="C833247907D302DA5DEA462C8F288333" unit="page">
<mods:start id="A0C35184ED9BCDDE22486AB022B504C8">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="8DC418D579A3ABCDC43F231F9BEFEE41">36</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="80CAEC9DDECD22BB2FDEB1C3447AE0D4">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="05EEACE21544A5B5F70C893B1C55FCC0" type="CLB-Dataset">51439</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6CA166796EAF7BBDBC70FD1115FB941C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.155988</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CE26B70420285ED0B8560C46FFCB9D15" type="GBIF-Dataset">cd7b2ba1-4a5d-43b6-9a2e-21da2a70ce28</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ABB26F081ABF4F65594D1E1913F8842F" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="47A65B5A365E82F9BF7D9D72478ACD3B" type="Zenodo-Dep">155988</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="038287C1FFD15127FEC63C7A9E8B172F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6278261" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119329850" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6278261" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038287C1FFD15127FEC63C7A9E8B172F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038287C1FFD15127FEC63C7A9E8B172F" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="C331655CFFD15120FEC63C7A9CDF1567" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD15120FEC63C7A9F87150C" blockId="19.[264,670,283,350]" box="[264,670,283,310]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="D0DC81BBFFD15120FEC63C7A9F87150C" bold="true" box="[264,670,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FEC63C7A9F87150C" ID-CoL="5YB4M" authority="Schmitz" authorityName="Schmitz" box="[264,670,283,310]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fletcheri">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FEC63C7A9F87150C" bold="true" box="[264,670,283,310]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FEC63C7A9F28150F" bold="true" box="[264,561,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Chonocephalus fletcheri</emphasis>
Schmitz
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD15120FEC63C229CDF1567" blockId="19.[264,670,283,350]" box="[264,454,324,350]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">(Figs 20­21, 37)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331655CFFD15120FEC63CE99CB416B7" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD15120FEC63CE99FF5159F" blockId="19.[264,857,399,457]" box="[264,748,399,422]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3B11F9FFD15120FEC63CE99FF5159F" box="[264,748,399,422]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FEC63CE99FFE159F" ID-CoL="5YB4M" authority="Schmitz, 1912: 728" authorityName="Schmitz" authorityPageNumber="728" authorityYear="1912" box="[264,743,399,422]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fletcheri">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FEC63CE99F17159F" box="[264,526,399,422]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Chonocephalus fletcheri</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A8A10C6FFD15120FDDA3CE99FFE159F" author="Schmitz" box="[532,743,399,422]" page="728" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1912">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B26FFD15120FDDA3CE99FAB159F" author="Schmitz" box="[532,690,399,422]" pageId="19" pageNumber="35" refString="Schmitz, H., 1912, Chonocephalus fletcheri nov. sp. Phoridarum, Zoologischen Anzeiger, 39, 727 - 729." type="journal article" year="1912">Schmitz, 1912</bibRefCitation>
: 728
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD15120FEC63CD79E4015F0" blockId="19.[264,857,399,457]" box="[264,857,433,457]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3B11F9FFD15120FEC63CD79E4015F0" box="[264,857,433,457]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FEC63CD79FFE15F1" ID-CoL="5YB4Q" authority="Borgmeier, 1963: 251" authorityName="Borgmeier" authorityPageNumber="251" authorityYear="1963" box="[264,743,433,456]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FEC63CD79CEC15F1" box="[264,501,433,456]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Chonocephalus laetus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A8A10C6FFD15120FE353CD79FFE15F1" author="Borgmeier" box="[507,743,433,456]" page="251" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1963">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B26FFD15120FE353CD79FA815F1" author="Borgmeier" box="[507,689,433,456]" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" refString="Borgmeier, T. (1963) Revision of the North American phorid flies. Part I. The Phorinae, Aenigmatiinae and Metopininae, except Megaselia (Diptera, Phoridae), Studia Entomologica, Petropolis, 6, 1 - 256." type="journal article" year="1963">Borgmeier, 1963</bibRefCitation>
: 251
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FD3F3CD79E4015F0" bold="true" box="[753,857,433,457]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD15120FEC63C9A9CB416B7" blockId="19.[264,1324,508,936]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Three cotype females are on slides in the MKB. Two are mounted in Euparal (one of which I have designated the
<typeStatus id="54908875FFD15120FD9A3F429FE51607" box="[596,764,548,574]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
in order to stablise its nomenclature) and one in gelatin. The latter mount was badly invaded by channels of air, so I have remounted it in Berlese Fluid.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331655CFFD15120FEF63FFA98151097" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD15120FEF63FFA9E2A179E" blockId="19.[264,1324,508,936]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Despite the smaller than usual eyes and entirely brown abdominal tergites of the female,
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B26FFD15120FEA93FA29F2316E7" author="Borgmeier" box="[359,570,708,734]" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" refString="Borgmeier, T. (1963) Revision of the North American phorid flies. Part I. The Phorinae, Aenigmatiinae and Metopininae, except Megaselia (Diptera, Phoridae), Studia Entomologica, Petropolis, 6, 1 - 256." type="journal article" year="1963">Borgmeier (1963)</bibRefCitation>
failed to compare his Nearctic
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FC623FA2990D16E4" box="[940,1044,708,733]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FC623FA2990D16E4" box="[940,1044,708,733]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. laetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with those of
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FB733FA29C29173C" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FB733FA29C32173C" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fletcheri">C. fletcheri</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which was then only known from the
<typeStatus id="54908875FFD15120FD3A3F8A9E3E173F" box="[756,807,748,774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
series from
<collectingCountry id="F33C7647FFD15120FC763F8A995C173F" box="[952,1093,748,774]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
. I have mounted on a slide the
<typeStatus id="54908875FFD15120FE443E729CE91717" box="[394,496,788,814]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
female and allotype male, caught
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FC443E7299181714" box="[906,1025,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">in copula,</emphasis>
of
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FBE43E7299821714" box="[1066,1179,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FBE43E72998E1714" box="[1066,1175,788,813]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetus">C. laetus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
They prove to be
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FE823E5A9CC0176C" box="[332,473,828,853]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FE823E5A9CCC176C" box="[332,469,828,853]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fletcheri">C. fletcheri</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
I therefore formally synonymise
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FCA93E5A9EC9176C" box="[871,976,828,853]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FCA93E5A9EC9176C" box="[871,976,828,853]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. laetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FBDB3E5A99BB176C" box="[1045,1186,828,853]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FBDB3E5A9986176C" box="[1045,1183,828,853]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fletcheri">C. fletcheri</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The subsequent procurement of two reared series, from
<collectingCountry id="F33C7647FFD15120FCE73E029E981747" box="[809,897,868,894]" name="Canada" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Canada</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F33C7647FFD15120FC723E029EE11747" box="[956,1016,868,894]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">India</collectingCountry>
(see below) serve to confirm that
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FEBB3EE89CC7179E" box="[373,478,910,935]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FEBB3EE89CC7179E" box="[373,478,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. laetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a synonym of
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FD693EE89E2A179E" box="[679,819,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FD693EE89E36179E" box="[679,815,910,935]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fletcheri">C. fletcheri</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD15120FC713E9098151097" blockId="19.[959,1308,1014,1198]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FC713E9099901037" bold="true" box="[959,1161,1014,1038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURES 20­21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FB563E9199421017" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fletcheri">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FB563E9199421017" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Chonocephalus fletcheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male, hypopygium: (20) left side of epandrium and bridge from below; (21) hypandrium, with gonopods. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331655CFFD15127FEC63B2A9E8B172F" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD15120FEC63B2A9C76125C" blockId="19.[264,1323,1612,1877]" box="[264,367,1612,1637]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FEC63B2A9C76125C" box="[264,367,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD15127FEF63B159FD215BF" blockId="19.[264,1323,1612,1877]" lastBlockId="20.[264,1324,284,390]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<typeStatus id="54908875FFD15120FEF63B159CB412B4" box="[312,429,1651,1677]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
female,
<collectingCountry id="F33C7647FFD15120FDD23B159FB412B4" box="[540,685,1651,1677]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FDD23B159FB412B4" bold="true" box="[540,685,1651,1677]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Bangladesh</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
(Eastern Bengal): Chaumashani,
<date id="FF951017FFD15120FB843B15983C12B4" box="[1098,1317,1651,1677]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1911-12-06">6 December 1911</date>
, inside a rice stem, T. B. Fletcher (MKB ­ 27­135).
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD5EFFD15120FCA83BFD9ECB128C" box="[870,978,1691,1717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="male">40 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD5EFFD15120FC113BFD9979128C" box="[991,1120,1691,1717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">10 females</specimenCount>
(3 of each being remounted on slides),
<collectingCountry id="F33C7647FFD15120FDE83BA59F9112E4" box="[550,648,1731,1757]" name="Canada" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FDE83BA59F9112E4" bold="true" box="[550,648,1731,1757]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Canada</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
, Ontario, Port Credit, near Toronto, ex rotting bulb,
<date id="FF951017FFD15120FEC63B8D9CD2133C" box="[264,459,1771,1797]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1966-11">November 1966</date>
, H. Teskey (
<collectionCode id="ED3AAE12FFD15120FDAA3B8D9FAF133C" box="[612,694,1771,1797]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">DEBU</collectionCode>
­ 14­55).
<typeStatus id="54908875FFD15120FCF33B8D9EB3133C" box="[829,938,1771,1797]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female and allotype male of
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD15120FADE3B8A9C571314" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FADE3B8A9C571314" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. laetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, caught
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FE773A729F2A1314" box="[441,563,1812,1837]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">in copula,</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD5EFFD15120FDF33A759F961314" box="[573,655,1811,1837]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54908875FFD15120FD543A759E1B1314" box="[666,770,1811,1837]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD5EFFD15120FCDF3A759E6C1314" box="[785,885,1811,1837]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="larva">4 larvae</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33C7647FFD15120FC4A3A759ECC1314" box="[900,981,1811,1837]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD15120FC4A3A759ECC1314" bold="true" box="[900,981,1811,1837]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">U.S.A.</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
, Florida, Sebring, ex Easter Lily bulla,
<date id="FF951017FFD15120FE403A5D9F35136C" box="[398,556,1851,1877]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1955-07-19">19 July 1955</date>
, W. W. Wirth (
<collectionCode id="ED3AAE12FFD15120FD2A3A5D9E22136C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[740,827,1851,1877]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USNM</collectionCode>
­ cat no. 10702C ­ 26­63);
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD5EFFD15120FB453A5D99C4136C" box="[1163,1245,1851,1877]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD5EFFD15127FAD43A5D9C41150F" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54908875FFD65127FEAE3C7A9CC9150F" box="[352,464,284,310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD65127FE343C7A9F7D150C" box="[506,612,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Chonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD65127FE343C7A9F7D150C" box="[506,612,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. laetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD5EFFD65127FDBD3C7A9FDA150F" box="[627,707,284,310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
pupa,
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD5EFFD65127FCDB3C7A9E65150F" box="[789,892,284,310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
pupa, Keywest, St Plant Bd, ex diseased hearts of
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD65127FE0E3C229FDC1567" box="[448,709,324,350]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD65127FE0E3C229F6A1564" box="[448,627,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cocos nucifera</emphasis>
, 1958
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED3AAE12FFD65127FD1B3C229E351567" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[725,812,324,350]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USNM</collectionCode>
­ 0­4962 ­ 26­62). Also recorded from the Afrotropical and Neotropical Regions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD65127FEC63CDA9CA215EC" blockId="20.[264,1324,444,790]" box="[264,443,444,469]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD65127FEC63CDA9CA215EC" box="[264,443,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Natural history</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436D7FFD65127FEF63C829E8B172F" blockId="20.[264,1324,444,790]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
A series collected at turmeric (
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD65127FD683C829E4415C4" box="[678,861,484,509]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Curcuma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longa">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD65127FD683C829E4415C4" box="[678,861,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Curcuma longa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD65127FC403C82992F15C7" box="[910,1078,484,510]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Zingiberaceae</taxonomicName>
) infested with larval
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD65127FEC63F6A9FA8161F" authority="Guenee" authorityName="Guenee" box="[264,689,524,550]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Dichocrocis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctiferalis">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD65127FEC63F6A9F2E161C" box="[264,567,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Dichocrocis punctiferalis</emphasis>
(Guenée)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD65127FD0B3F6A9E41161F" box="[709,856,524,550]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD65127FCA73F6A9EC3161F" box="[873,986,524,550]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
) were possibly attracted to diseased or moribund caterpillars. Likewise a series reared from a cocoon mass of
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD65127FB2D3F529FD7164F" authority="Cameron" authorityName="Cameron" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD65127FB2D3F529CBB164C" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Apanteles flavipes</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F33C7647FFD65127FE7A3F3A9F3A164F" box="[436,547,604,630]" name="Cameroon" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cameron</collectingCountry>
) (Braconidae)
</taxonomicName>
were probably feeding on moribund pupae. Some females caught on the edible paddy straw mushrooms
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD65127FC473FE2998F16A7" box="[905,1174,644,670]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Pluteaceae" genus="Volvariella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD65127FC473FE2991316A4" box="[905,1034,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Volvariella</emphasis>
(Plutaceae)
</taxonomicName>
were probably ovipositing on over ripe sporophores (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B26FFD65127FD313FCA9EBB16FF" author="Disney" box="[767,930,684,710]" pageId="20" pageNumber="35" refString="Disney, R. H. L. (1994) Scuttle Flies: The Phoridae (Chapman and Hall, London), xii + 467 pp." type="book" year="1994">Disney, 1994</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B26FFD65127FC763FCA999416FF" author="Borgmeier" box="[952,1165,684,710]" pageId="20" pageNumber="34" refString="Borgmeier, T. (1963) Revision of the North American phorid flies. Part I. The Phorinae, Aenigmatiinae and Metopininae, except Megaselia (Diptera, Phoridae), Studia Entomologica, Petropolis, 6, 1 - 256." type="journal article" year="1963">Borgmeier (1963)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species reared from an Easter Lily bulla and from the diseased hearts of
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D54FFD65127FB903FB29C2C172F" authority="L The" authorityName="L The" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
<emphasis id="B95FEAC5FFD65127FB903FB2980816D4" box="[1118,1297,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cocos nucifera</emphasis>
L The
</taxonomicName>
series from
<collectingCountry id="F33C7647FFD65127FE093F9A9F06172F" box="[455,543,764,790]" name="Canada" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Canada</collectingCountry>
was reared from a rotting bulb.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>