344 lines
47 KiB
XML
344 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="7D00CDA5BE47334479C5B5D29704857F" ID-DOI="10.1007/s13127-023-00627-6" ID-ISSN="1618-1077" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13188608" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1722616098769" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wu, Ruiwen, Liu, Lili, Zhang, Liping, Jin, Dandong, Wu, Xiaoping, Liu, Xiongjun, Xie, Zhicai & Li, Zhengfei" docDate="2024" docId="03828798FFF40724DECAF90B21200641" docLanguage="en" docName="OrgDivEvol.24.1.51-66.pdf" docOrigin="Organisms Diversity & Evolution (New York, N. Y.) 24 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13127-023-00627-6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:22538F0DF843CDB3CD3E512967C7A2D6.4:OrgDivEvol.2010-.journal_article.closed" docStyleId="22538F0DF843CDB3CD3E512967C7A2D6" docStyleName="OrgDivEvol.2010-.journal_article.closed" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lepidodesma" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="62" masterDocId="FFBBFFE0FFFE0728DE42FF9C2306050D" masterDocTitle="Molecular phylogeny and comparative morphology reveal the species validity and systematic position of Lepidodesma (Bivalvia: Unionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1729261852335" updateUser="juliana">
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<mods:title id="B9EA98DE67ACEA6BF01890F8C51602DB">Molecular phylogeny and comparative morphology reveal the species validity and systematic position of Lepidodesma (Bivalvia: Unionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FDAA60422F80DD926C108ACE7C3D6D39">Wu, Ruiwen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DF62DBE8C7F6B450DFB6A4DD34FCD0BA">School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="26EF1992E40DD9CFCF1ED9E76CEBC22C" type="email">wurw@sxnu.edu.cn & rwwu@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="39DE967B240D4913AF711AFD6FF6EED6">Liu, Lili</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="60B244C6BCD6F375102C23C821551604">School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5183E512531F4793DB58E50891D1AA0E">Zhang, Liping</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BB4446D67828704664BD1F9475C0BE4D">School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4DD0F0AF42F619E68AF1386F82C6F5FB">Jin, Dandong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4428552D143119BDD829D892C7BC636A">Datian High School, Linhai 317004, People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="523351245E49453509A8C655AD82EF09">Wu, Xiaoping</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="61DA01840E7577336C556590E6ECB7BB">School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="550932DBDEE6DCC0AF26BE19B6688C9E">Liu, Xiongjun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FD9D637644020BDD8C250FDEB1764D80">School of Life Science, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="705607CBFE8DF40CB071EB534974DD67">Xie, Zhicai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4522949706D13551F60E479CC3B313E2">Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5DAAF0959571F36CE8E3B94A346B6334">Li, Zhengfei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AAD398340E98F40337109FB3BC0D9AB8">Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C974FE3CE8CBFF9F669A9417AFE8C139" type="email">lizhengfei@ihb.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="ADB89D34379ADE8D94BEF50A643A6807">Organisms Diversity & Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3280952719077793625A4E39827859BE">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="27EEAFEB5FBD4B5B7A3D422484CEE907">New York, N. Y.</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C3316505FFF40722DECAF90B213403BF" box="[136,562,1687,1714]" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B94368EFFF40722DECAF90B213403BF" blockId="10.[136,562,1687,1714]" box="[136,562,1687,1714]" pageId="10" pageNumber="61">
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<heading id="D0DC81E2FFF40722DECAF90B213403BF" bold="true" box="[136,562,1687,1714]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF40722DECAF90B213403BF" bold="true" box="[136,562,1687,1714]" pageId="10" pageNumber="61">
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Taxonomy position of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF40722DFD6F90B213403BF" ID-CoL="7P76V" authority="(Simpson, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[404,562,1687,1714]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF40722DFD6F90B213403BF" bold="true" box="[404,562,1687,1714]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="61">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF40722DECAF94723F403FE" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[136,242,1755,1779]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Unionidae</taxonomicName>
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is the most prevalent group among freshwater mussels (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF40722DEF8F96122B00218" author="Graf, D. L. & Cummings, K. S." box="[186,438,1789,1813]" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" pagination="291 - 314" refId="ref9437" refString="Graf, D. L., & Cummings, K. S. (2007). Review of the systematics and global diversity of freshwater mussel species (Bivalvia: Unionoida). Journal of Molluscan Studies, 73, 291 - 314." type="journal article" year="2007">Graf & Cummings, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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), but the subfamily classification has been discordant due to uncertainties surrounding early evolution and lineage genesis (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF40722DFC0F8A32140025A" author="Bolotov, I. N. & Kondakov, A. V. & Vikhrev, I. V. & Aksenova, O. V. & Bespalaya, Y. V. & Gofarov, M. Y. & Kolosova, Y. S. & Konopleva, E. S. & Spitsyn, V. M. & Tanmuangpak, K. & Tumpeesuwan, S." box="[386,582,1855,1879]" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" refId="ref8990" refString="Bolotov, I. N., Kondakov, A. V., Vikhrev, I. V., Aksenova, O. V., Bespalaya, Y. V., Gofarov, M. Y., Kolosova, Y. S., Konopleva, E. S., Spitsyn, V. M., Tanmuangpak, K., & Tumpeesuwan, S. (2017). Ancient river inference explains exceptional oriental freshwater mussel radiations. Scientific Reports, 7, 2135." type="journal volume" year="2017">Bolotov et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF40722DC16F8A323C00274" author="Lopes-Lima, M. & Froufe, E. & Do, V. T. & Ghamizi, M. & Mock, K. E. & Kebapci, U. & Klishko, O. & Kovitvadhi, S. & Kovitvadhi, U. & Paulo, O. S. & Pfeiffer, J. M., III. & Raley, M. & Riccardi, N. & Sereflisan, H. & Sousa, R. & Teixeira, A. & Varandas, S. & Wu, X. & Zanatta, D. T. & Bogan, A. E." pageId="10" pageNumber="61" pagination="174 - 191" refId="ref11381" refString="Lopes-Lima, M., Froufe, E., Do, V. T., Ghamizi, M., Mock, K. E., Kebapci, U., Klishko, O., Kovitvadhi, S., Kovitvadhi, U., Paulo, O. S., Pfeiffer, J. M., III., Raley, M., Riccardi, N., Sereflisan, H., Sousa, R., Teixeira, A., Varandas, S., Wu, X., Zanatta, D. T., … Bogan, A. E. (2017 a). Phylogeny of the most species-rich freshwater bivalve family (Bivalvia: Unionida: Unionidae): Defining modern subfamilies and tribes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 106, 174 - 191." type="journal article" year="2017">Lopes-lima et al., 2017a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF40722DE97F8FD22B30274" author="Pfeiffer, J. M. & Graf, D. L." box="[213,437,1889,1913]" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" pagination="307 - 318" refId="ref12273" refString="Pfeiffer, J. M., & Graf, D. L. (2015). Evolution of bilaterally asymmetrical larvae in freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida: Unionidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 175, 307 - 318." type="journal article" year="2015">Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF40722DF81F8FD21880274" author="Whelan, N. V. & Geneva, A. J. & Graf, D. L." box="[451,654,1889,1913]" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" pagination="504 - 514" refId="ref13479" refString="Whelan, N. V., Geneva, A. J., & Graf, D. L. (2011). Molecular phylogenetic analysis of tropical freshwater mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionoida) resolves the position of Coelatura and supports a monophyletic Unionidae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 61 (2), 504 - 514." type="journal article" year="2011">Whelan et al., 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). Recently,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF40722DD73F90B20FC03A2" author="Pfeiffer, J. M. & Breinholt, J. W. & Page, L. M." box="[817,1018,1687,1711]" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" pagination="114 - 126" refId="ref12219" refString="Pfeiffer, J. M., Breinholt, J. W., & Page, L. M. (2019). Unioverse: A phylogenomic resource for reconstructing the evolution of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionoida). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 137, 114 - 126." type="journal article" year="2019">Pfeiffer et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
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proposed a taxonomy system of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF40722DB00F90B26AA03A2" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[1346,1452,1687,1711]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Unionidae</taxonomicName>
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consisting of five subfamilies based on genomic data, among which
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF40722DD36F945270003FC" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1974" box="[884,1030,1753,1777]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Modellnaiinae">Modellnaiinae</taxonomicName>
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was excluded due to the lack of molecular data for
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF40722DDC2F967275A021F" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1974" box="[896,1116,1787,1811]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Modellnaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="siamensis">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF40722DDC2F967275A021F" box="[896,1116,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="61">Modellnaia siamensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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limited to
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<collectingCountry id="F33C761EFFF40722DA85F9672622021E" box="[1223,1316,1787,1811]" name="Thailand" pageId="10" pageNumber="61">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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. In this study, we obtained completely consistent phylogenetic relationships at the subfamily level based on comprehensive mitogenomes, e.g.,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF40722DD22F8C320E4027A" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[864,994,1887,1911]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ambleminae">Ambleminae</taxonomicName>
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+(
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF40722DDBCF8C32773027A" authorityName="Ortmann" authorityYear="1916" box="[1022,1141,1887,1911]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gonideinae">Gonideinae</taxonomicName>
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+ (
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF40722DAD0F8C327FB027A" box="[1170,1277,1887,1911]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Unioninae">Unioninae</taxonomicName>
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+
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF40722DB56F8C32693027A" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="1935" box="[1300,1429,1887,1911]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Parreysiinae">Parreysiinae</taxonomicName>
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)).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF546606FFF50723DECAFC1921EA06B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13188616" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13188616" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13188616/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" startId="11.[136,165,901,922]" targetBox="[145,1444,154,854]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8B94368EFFF50723DECAFC1921EA06B9" blockId="11.[136,1453,900,949]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DECAFC1923BE0697" bold="true" box="[136,184,901,922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Fig. 5</emphasis>
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Fossil-calibrated phylogeny based on the three-gene dataset. Node bars denote the mean ages of 95% highest posterior density (HPD). Fossil calibrations are marked by star signs. Mya, million years ago
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B94368EFFF50723DEE4FC6022A70258" blockId="11.[135,772,1020,1877]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">
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Although the taxonomic position of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DC8AFC6123EE0138" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DC8AFC6123EE0138" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the subfamily level is definite, its classification at the tribe level remains controversial. According to the published literature on morphological characteristics,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DC91FBFC227F0194" author="Graf, D. L. & Cummings, K. S." pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="291 - 314" refId="ref9437" refString="Graf, D. L., & Cummings, K. S. (2007). Review of the systematics and global diversity of freshwater mussel species (Bivalvia: Unionoida). Journal of Molluscan Studies, 73, 291 - 314." type="journal article" year="2007">Graf and Cummings (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
classified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DFAEFB1D215A0194" box="[492,604,1153,1177]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Unioninae">Unioninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
into two tribes:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DECAFB3F23ED01B6" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[136,235,1187,1211]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="tribe" tribe="Unionini">Unionini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DF64FB3F22AE01B6" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[294,424,1187,1211]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="tribe" tribe="Anodontini">Anodontini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and assigned the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DC8AFB3F23F301D1" genus="Lepideodesma" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DC8AFB3F23F301D1" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepideodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DF59FB58228601D1" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[283,384,1220,1244]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="tribe" tribe="Unionini">Unionini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. With the application of molecular techniques, the taxonomic position of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DC5DFB79200501F0" box="[543,771,1253,1277]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DC5DFB7921A801F0" box="[543,686,1253,1277]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the subfamily level has been determined based on mitochondrial genome data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DFC6FAB42142004D" author="Huang, Y. Y. & Liu, H. & Wu, X. P. & Ouyang, S." box="[388,580,1320,1344]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="359 - 363" refId="ref10235" refString="Huang, Y. Y., Liu, H., Wu, X. P., & Ouyang, S. (2002). Testing the relationships of Chinese freshwater Unionidae (Bivalvia) based on analysis of partial mitochondrial 16 S rRNA sequences. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 68 (4), 359 - 363." type="journal article" year="2002">Huang et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DC10FAB421FD004D" author="Wen, H. B. & Cao, Z. M. & Hua, D. & Xu, P. & Ma, X. Y. & Jin, W. & Yuan, X. H. & Gu, R. B." box="[594,763,1320,1344]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref13390" refString="Wen, H. B., Cao, Z. M., Hua, D., Xu, P., Ma, X. Y., Jin, W., Yuan, X. H., & Gu, R. B. (2017). The complete maternally and paternally inherited mitochondrial genomes of a freshwater mussel Potamilus alatus (Bivalvia: Unionidae). PLoS One, 12 (1), e 0169749, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="2017">Wen et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DECAFAD52244006C" author="Zhou, C. H. & Ouyang, S. & Wu, X. P. & Ding, M. H." box="[136,322,1353,1377]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="4615 - 4616" refId="ref13969" refString="Zhou, C. H., Ouyang, S., Wu, X. P., & Ding, M. H. (2016). The complete maternal mitochondrial genome of rare Chinese freshwater mussel Lepidodesma languilati (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Unioninae). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal, 27 (6), 4615 - 4616." type="journal article" year="2016">Zhou et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, due to insufficient molecular data, inadequate taxon sampling, and low node support, the phylogenetic position of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DFC9FA10211E00A9" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[395,536,1420,1444]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DFC9FA10211E00A9" box="[395,536,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the infra-subfamily remains unresolved. Based on the mitochondrial genome,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DECBFA53225E00EA" author="Huang, X. C. & Su, J. H. & Ouyang, J. X. & Ouyang, S. & Zhou, C. H. & Wu, X. P." box="[137,344,1487,1511]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="45 - 59" refId="ref10055" refString="Huang, X. C., Su, J. H., Ouyang, J. X., Ouyang, S., Zhou, C. H., & Wu, X. P. (2019). Towards a global phylogeny of freshwater mussels (Bivalivia: Unionida): Species delimitation of Chinese taxa, mitochondrial phylogenomics, and diversification patterns. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 130, 45 - 59." type="journal article" year="2019">Huang et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered that the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DC31FA53200500EA" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[627,771,1487,1511]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DC31FA53200500EA" box="[627,771,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could not be classified into any known tribe of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DCCEFA6C21F90305" box="[652,767,1520,1544]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Unioninae">Unioninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus necessitating the description of a new tribe, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DEC8F9AF21160346" authority="Huang and Wu, 2019" authorityName="Huang and Wu" authorityYear="2019" box="[138,528,1587,1611]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="tribe" tribe="Lepidodesmini">
|
||
Lepidodesmini
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DF73F9AF21160346" author="Huang, X. C. & Su, J. H. & Ouyang, J. X. & Ouyang, S. & Zhou, C. H. & Wu, X. P." box="[305,528,1587,1611]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="45 - 59" refId="ref10055" refString="Huang, X. C., Su, J. H., Ouyang, J. X., Ouyang, S., Zhou, C. H., & Wu, X. P. (2019). Towards a global phylogeny of freshwater mussels (Bivalivia: Unionida): Species delimitation of Chinese taxa, mitochondrial phylogenomics, and diversification patterns. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 130, 45 - 59." type="journal article" year="2019">Huang and Wu, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Subsequently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DCFBF9AF22410361" author="Lopes-Lima, M. & Hattori, A. & Kondo, T. & Lee, J. H. & Kim, S. K. & Shirai, A. & Hayashi, H. & Usui, T. & Sakuma, K. & Toriya, T. & Sunamura, Y. & Ishikawa, H. & Hoshino, N. & Kushi, Y. & Kumaki, H. & Utsugi, Y. & Yabe, S. & Yoshinari, Y. & Hiruma, H. & Froufe, E." pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref11534" refString="Lopes-Lima, M., Hattori, A., Kondo, T., Lee, J. H., Kim, S. K., Shirai, A., Hayashi, H., Usui, T., Sakuma, K., Toriya, T., Sunamura, Y., Ishikawa, H., Hoshino, N., Kushi, Y., Kumaki, H., Utsugi, Y., Yabe, S., Yoshinari, Y., Hiruma, H., … Froufe, E. (2020). Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from the rising sun (Far East Asia): Phylogeny, systematics, and distribution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 146, 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="2020">Lopes-Lima et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
further supported the classification of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DE8DF9E922660380" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[207,352,1653,1677]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DE8DF9E922660380" box="[207,352,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DFD8F9E9213B0380" authorityName="Huang and Wu" authorityYear="2019" box="[410,573,1653,1677]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="tribe" tribe="Lepidodesmini">Lepidodesmini</taxonomicName>
|
||
within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DCD0F9E920040380" box="[658,770,1653,1677]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Unioninae">Unioninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on (COI + 28S rRNA) dataset. However, the aforementioned study solely focused on a single species within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DECBF945221F03FC" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[137,281,1753,1777]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DECBF945221F03FC" box="[137,281,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the phylogenetic results at the tribe level of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DEE4F9672211021E" box="[166,279,1787,1811]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Unioninae">Unioninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not robustly supported. Recently, Graf and Cumming (2021) reaffirmed the classification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DC88F88123EE0258" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DC88F88123EE0258" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DF78F8A1229B0258" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[314,413,1853,1877]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="tribe" tribe="Unionini">Unionini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94368EFFF50723DD0DFC60267F004D" blockId="11.[816,1452,1020,1344]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Compared to previous studies, our research utilizes the most comprehensive data by selecting all published complete mitogenomes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DA66FBA3279E015A" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[1060,1176,1087,1111]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Unionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, combined with two new mitochondrial genomes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DA15FBFC263B0175" baseAuthorityName="Heude" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[1111,1341,1120,1144]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aligera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DA15FBFC263B0175" box="[1111,1341,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma aligera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DB31FBFD270F0194" authorityName="SU" baseAuthorityName="Heude" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="languilati">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DB31FBFD270F0194" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma languilati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, to construct five phylogenetic trees using multiple datasets and methods. The result demonstrates that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DDEBFB58273E01D1" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[937,1080,1220,1244]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DDEBFB58273E01D1" box="[937,1080,1220,1244]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the sister species and occupies a basal position in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DDA7FB79275201F0" box="[997,1108,1253,1277]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Unioninae">Unioninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BS = 100%, PP = 1.00). Therefore, it is our recommendation that the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DB5EFA9B26AA0012" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1308,1452,1287,1311]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DB5EFA9B26AA0012" box="[1308,1452,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
be reclassified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DDADFAB42797004D" authorityName="Huang and Wu" authorityYear="2019" box="[1007,1169,1320,1344]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="tribe" tribe="Lepidodesmini">Lepidodesmini</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DB50FAB42673004D" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[1298,1397,1320,1344]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="tribe" tribe="Unionini">Unionini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3316505FFF50724DD72FAF521200641" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94368EFFF50723DD72FAF5268C0089" blockId="11.[816,1418,1385,1412]" box="[816,1418,1385,1412]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<heading id="D0DC81E2FFF50723DD72FAF5268C0089" bold="true" box="[816,1418,1385,1412]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DD72FAF5268C0089" bold="true" box="[816,1418,1385,1412]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Endangered status and conservation implications</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94368EFFF50723DD72FA312702021E" blockId="11.[816,1453,1453,1877]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Freshwater ecosystems are highly vulnerable due to the impact of biotic and abiotic factors, making them one of the most endangered ecosystems on Earth (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DB44FA6C206E0324" author="Dudgeon, D. & Arthington, A. H. & Gessner, M. O. & Kawabata, Z. I. & Knowler, D. J. & Leveque, C. & Naiman, R. J. & PrieurRichard, A. H. & Soto, D. & Stiassny, M. L. J. & Sullivan, C. A." pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="163 - 182" refId="ref9293" refString="Dudgeon, D., Arthington, A. H., Gessner, M. O., Kawabata, Z. I., Knowler, D. J., Leveque, C., Naiman, R. J., PrieurRichard, A. H., Soto, D., Stiassny, M. L. J., & Sullivan, C. A. (2006). Freshwater biodiversity: Importance, threats, status and conservation challenges. Biological Reviews, 81, 163 - 182." type="journal article" year="2006">Dudgeon et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DD3BF98D277D0324" author="Sutherland, W. J. & Atkinson, P. W. & Butchart, S. H. M. & Capaja, M. & Dicks, L. V. & Fleishman, E. & Gaston, K. J. & Hails, R. S. & Hughes, A. C. & Le Anstey, B. & Le Roux, X. & Lickorish, F. A. & Maggs, L. & Noor, N. & Oldfield, T. E. E. & Palardy, J. E. & Peck, L. S. & Pettorelli, N. & Pretty, J. & Thornton, A." box="[889,1147,1553,1577]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="95 - 104" refId="ref12921" refString="Sutherland, W. J., Atkinson, P. W., Butchart, S. H. M., Capaja, M., Dicks, L. V., Fleishman, E., Gaston, K. J., Hails, R. S., Hughes, A. C., Le Anstey, B., Le Roux, X., Lickorish, F. A., Maggs, L., Noor, N., Oldfield, T. E. E., Palardy, J. E., Peck, L. S., Pettorelli, N., Pretty, J., … Thornton, A. (2022). A horizon scan of global biological conservation issues for 2022. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 37 (1), 95 - 104." type="journal article" year="2022">Sutherland et al., 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DACFF98E269C0324" author="Vorosmarty, C. J. & McIntyre, P. B. & Gessner, M. O. & Dudgeon, D. & Prusevich, A. & Green, P. & Glidden, S. & Bunn, S. E. & Sullivan, C. A. & Liermann, C. R. & Davies, P. M." box="[1165,1434,1553,1578]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="555 - 561" refId="ref13200" refString="Vorosmarty, C. J., McIntyre, P. B., Gessner, M. O., Dudgeon, D., Prusevich, A., Green, P., Glidden, S., Bunn, S. E., Sullivan, C. A., Liermann, C. R., & Davies, P. M. (2010). Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature, 467, 555 - 561." type="journal article" year="2010">Vörösmarty et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In particular, the escalation of anthropogenic activities in recent decades has resulted in alterations and depletion of freshwater mussel habitats (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DA25F9E926560380" author="Aldridge, D. C. & Ollard, I. S. & Bespalaya, Y. V. & Bolotov, I. N. & Douda, K. & Geist, J. & Haag, W. R. & Klunzinger, M. W. & Lopes-Lima, M. & Mlambo, M. C. & Riccardi, N. & Sousa, R. & Strayer, D. L. & Torres, S. H. & Vaughn, C. C. & Zajac, T. & Zieritz, A." box="[1127,1360,1653,1677]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="575 - 589" refId="ref8668" refString="Aldridge, D. C., Ollard, I. S., Bespalaya, Y. V., Bolotov, I. N., Douda, K., Geist, J., Haag, W. R., Klunzinger, M. W., Lopes-Lima, M., Mlambo, M. C., Riccardi, N., Sousa, R., Strayer, D. L., Torres, S. H., Vaughn, C. C., Zajac, T., & Zieritz, A. (2022). Freshwater mussel conservation: A global horizon scan of emerging threats and opportunities. Global Change Biology, 29 (3), 575 - 589." type="journal article" year="2022">Aldridge et al., 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DB1DF9EA20F503A2" author="Lopes-Lima, M. & Burlakova, L. E. & Karatayev, A. Y. & Mehler, K. & Seddon, M. & Sousa, R." pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref11315" refString="Lopes-Lima, M., Burlakova, L. E., Karatayev, A. Y., Mehler, K., Seddon, M., & Sousa, R. (2018 b). Conservation of freshwater bivalves at the global scale: Diversity, threats and research needs. Hydrobiologia, 810 (1), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2018">Lopes-Lima et al., 2018b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DA43F90B261503A2" author="Strayer, D. L. & Dudgeon, D." box="[1025,1299,1687,1711]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="344 - 358" refId="ref12881" refString="Strayer, D. L., & Dudgeon, D. (2010). Freshwater biodiversity conservation: Recent progress and future challenges. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 29, 344 - 358." type="journal article" year="2010">Strayer & Dudgeon, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is imperative to conduct species conservation status assessments in order to determine the priority for conserving and protecting freshwater mussels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94368EFFF50724DD0DF88021200641" blockId="11.[816,1453,1453,1877]" lastBlockId="12.[135,773,153,844]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF50723DD0DF88020DB0239" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[847,989,1820,1844]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF50723DD0DF88020DB0239" box="[847,989,1820,1844]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a rare endemic freshwater mussel in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C761EFFF50723DB2EF88026AA0239" box="[1388,1452,1820,1844]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF50723DD75F8A120EA0258" author="Liu, Y. Y. & Zhang, W. Z. & Wang, Q. X. & Wang, E. Y." box="[823,1004,1853,1877]" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" refId="ref11131" refString="Liu, Y. Y., Zhang, W. Z., Wang, Q. X., & Wang, E. Y. (1979). Economic fauna of China: Freshwater molluscs. Science Press." type="book" year="1979">Liu et al., 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), is distributed in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF86CFFF50723DA84F8A1261C0258" box="[1222,1306,1853,1877]" country="China" name="Jiangxi" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Jiangxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF86CFFF50723DB6AF8A226730258" box="[1320,1397,1854,1877]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Hunan</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF86CFFF20724DECAFF0523DC05BC" box="[136,218,153,177]" country="China" name="Jiangsu" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Jiangsu</collectingRegion>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF20724DF4EFF0522F305BC" baseAuthorityName="Heude" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[268,501,153,177]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aligera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF20724DF4EFF0522F305BC" box="[268,501,153,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Lepidodesma aligera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF20724DC46FF06217D05BF" author="Guo, L." box="[516,635,154,178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" refId="ref9649" refString="Guo, L. (2022). Unionoida. Strait Publishing House." type="book" year="2022">Guo, 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF20724DCC9FF0621F505BC" author="Hu, Z. Q." box="[651,755,153,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" pagination="80 - 83" refId="ref9945" refString="Hu, Z. Q. (2005). Geographical distribution of endemic species of Chinese freshwater bivalves. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 40, 80 - 83." type="journal article" year="2005">Hu, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF86CFFF20724DEF5FF2723F805DE" box="[183,254,187,211]" country="China" name="Anhui" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Anhui</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF86CFFF20724DF49FF27226905DE" box="[267,367,187,211]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF86CFFF20724DF39FF2722D605DE" box="[379,464,187,211]" country="China" name="Jiangsu" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Jiangsu</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF86CFFF20724DF9EFF27212805DE" box="[476,558,187,211]" country="China" name="Jiangxi" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Jiangxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF86CFFF20724DC78FF27218605DE" box="[570,640,187,211]" country="China" name="Hubei" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Hubei</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF86CFFF20724DCF8FF27200405DF" box="[698,770,187,210]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Hunan</collectingRegion>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF20724DEF3FF40218A05F9" authority="(Liu et al., 1979)" baseAuthorityName="Liu" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[177,652,220,244]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="languilati">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF20724DEF3FF4022BA05F9" box="[177,444,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Lepidodesma languilati</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF20724DF8CFF40218605F9" author="Liu, Y. Y. & Zhang, W. Z. & Wang, Q. X. & Wang, E. Y." box="[462,640,220,244]" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" refId="ref11131" refString="Liu, Y. Y., Zhang, W. Z., Wang, Q. X., & Wang, E. Y. (1979). Economic fauna of China: Freshwater molluscs. Science Press." type="book" year="1979">Liu et al., 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF20724DECAFF61223F041B" author="Liu, X. J. & Yang, X. & Zanatta, D. T. & Lopes-Lima, M. & Bogan, A. E. & Zieritz, A. & Ouyang, S. & Wu, X. P." box="[136,313,253,278]" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref11029" refString="Liu, X. J., Yang, X., Zanatta, D. T., Lopes-Lima, M., Bogan, A. E., Zieritz, A., Ouyang, S., & Wu, X. P. (2020). Conservation status assessment and a new method for establishing conservation priorities for freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida) in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River drainage. Aquatic Conservation: Marine & Freshwater Ecosystems Early Online, 30 (5), 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="2020">Liu et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assessed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF20724DFE1FF62212F0418" box="[419,553,253,277]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="languilati">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF20724DFE1FF6222B40418" box="[419,434,254,277]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF20724DF82FF61212F0418" box="[448,553,253,277]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">languilati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the third priority according to the QASCP. However, the scarcity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF20724DCF6FEBC23AD0455" baseAuthorityName="Heude" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aligera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF20724DCF6FEBC23AD0455" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">L. aligera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its distribution area makes it extremely challenging to collect specimens, thereby hindering the assessment of its endangered status. Fortunately, we accidentally obtained two live specimens and performed molecular phylogenetic analysis along with an examination of soft-body morphology. According to the conservation assessment method proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B7FFFF20724DEAFFD94229D072D" author="Liu, X. J. & Yang, X. & Zanatta, D. T. & Lopes-Lima, M. & Bogan, A. E. & Zieritz, A. & Ouyang, S. & Wu, X. P." box="[237,411,520,544]" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref11029" refString="Liu, X. J., Yang, X., Zanatta, D. T., Lopes-Lima, M., Bogan, A. E., Zieritz, A., Ouyang, S., & Wu, X. P. (2020). Conservation status assessment and a new method for establishing conservation priorities for freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida) in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River drainage. Aquatic Conservation: Marine & Freshwater Ecosystems Early Online, 30 (5), 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="2020">Liu et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, our preliminary evaluation ranks
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF20724DEC5FDB623F4074C" baseAuthorityName="Heude" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[135,242,553,577]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aligera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF20724DEC5FDB623F4074C" box="[135,242,553,577]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">L. aligera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the third priority, alongside
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF20724DC0DFDB621D8074C" box="[591,734,553,577]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF20724DC0DFDB621DD074C" box="[591,731,553,577]" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Lepidodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Unionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="languilati">L. languilati</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As a consequence, both species are facing endangerment and require immediate protection. It is imperative that we establish a range of protective measures for these freshwater mussels, such as promoting their significance in conservation efforts and enhancing the quality of their aquatic habitats. Ultimately, this study enhances our comprehension of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D0DFFF20724DC88FD6E223D0626" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA9CFFF20724DC88FD6E23E00626" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Lepidodesma</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which will aid in managing and safeguarding resources for these rare organisms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |