264 lines
34 KiB
XML
264 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="8262EC1E85F19E2C399AEDC98FD0ABEB" ID-CLB-Dataset="42401" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3905.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6c0b61f2-4390-480a-a455-485e51ac3123" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="243089" ID-ZooBank="A6BB4C82-F905-46CC-BA7F-1D6EECD0455B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460933285435" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rocha, Rosana Moreira Da, Neves, Isabela Monteiro & Gamba, Gustavo Antunes" docDate="2015" docId="03FEBD67FFDFFFE6FF2DFD97FAEDEE6D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03905p396.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3905 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Didemnum flammacolor Rocha, Neves & Gamba, 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="388" masterDocId="FFC7C51FFFDAFFE1FFBAFFFBFFC9ED31" masterDocTitle="New species of Didemnidae (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) from the tropical coast of Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="396" masterPageNumber="381" pageNumber="386" updateTime="1698582504447" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="02EAFEE0AC4A4CB484C912AF630B7ACA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7707C2E4551152E52C092B2D3613C5E1">
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<mods:title id="C3D1AC5CDB268BBB3607A654F3876405">New species of Didemnidae (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) from the tropical coast of Brazil</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="F6273643FB89E2BD18947753816D0E9A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="83070D858AF96ED384180B4B3B227B5B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A42B36696565D2C496F6C3F9F00EBED7">Rocha, Rosana Moreira Da</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8DD28EDF36DAF2611503E43E69BF0320">Neves, Isabela Monteiro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="09E5CE050AF83DDF88D5411C9919981C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5FCC2FCA4BA61BF9D06333A8DF716592">Gamba, Gustavo Antunes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D34CEF1DC248FF07783AB5600EFA9F91">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CFBE475B6EDC5263BCC29E05BBB4FD82">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="090A36E79AB6DCFEAF55921401E0FCCB">
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<mods:date id="E68099BD240E97418149537BD7D88194">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EC597B0ADBFBC6D8A04E61AF53EFBEF4">3905</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FEBD67FFDFFFE6FF2DFD97FAEDEE6D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6105537" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119590440" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6105537" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FEBD67FFDFFFE6FF2DFD97FAEDEE6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FEBD67FFDFFFE6FF2DFD97FAEDEE6D" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="388" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
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<subSubSection id="C34D5FFAFFDFFFE4FF2DFD97FEC2EF96" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDFFFE4FF2DFD97FD25EFB7" blockId="5.[151,748,620,679]" box="[151,748,620,646]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
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<heading id="D0A0BB1DFFDFFFE4FF2DFD97FD25EFB7" bold="true" box="[151,748,620,646]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDFFFE4FF2DFD97FD25EFB7" bold="true" box="[151,748,620,646]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDFFFE4FF2DFD97FE09EFB7" box="[151,448,620,646]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flammacolor" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDFFFE4FF2DFD97FE09EFB7" bold="true" box="[151,448,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Didemnum flammacolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2106D18FFDFFFE4FE7DFD97FDECEFB7" box="[455,549,620,646]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Rocha & Neves
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDFFFE4FF2DFD75FEC2EF96" blockId="5.[151,748,620,679]" box="[151,267,654,679]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136C10F4FFDFFFE4FF25FD75FF2EEF96" box="[159,231,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1878,1900]" captionTargetBox="[172,1412,882,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[171,1416,878,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Didemnum flammacolor sp. nov. A, living colony. B, spicules. C, larva. Scale bar: C = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243093/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136C10F4FFDFFFE4FF49FD75FEC8EF96" box="[243,257,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1427,1449]" captionTargetBox="[173,1424,199,1396]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,193,1406]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Didemnum flammacolor sp. nov. A, thorax. B, abdomen. C, larva. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243094/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34D5FFAFFDFFFE4FF2DFD22FE39EE27" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDFFFE4FF2DFD22FE39EE27" blockId="5.[151,1436,726,826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDFFFE4FF2DFD22FE4EEFC3" bold="true" box="[151,391,729,754]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Examined material:</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54ECB2D3FFDFFFE4FE35FD22FE35EFC3" box="[399,508,729,754]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="ED4694B4FFDFFFE4FDBDFD21FDADEFC3" box="[519,612,730,754]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">MZUSP</collectionCode>
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0 0 0 90 one colony, Ondina,
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<collectingCountry id="F3404CE1FFDFFFE4FC12FD22FBC4EFC3" box="[936,1037,729,754]" name="El Salvador" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Salvador</collectingCountry>
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, Bahia,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE636AB6FFDFFFE4FBD0FD21FB3CEFC3" box="[1130,1269,726,754]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" precision="15" value="-13.009167">13o00’33” S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE636AB6FFDFFFE4FAB9FD21FA51EFC0" box="[1283,1432,726,754]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" precision="15" value="-38.528057">38o31’41” W</geoCoordinate>
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, Col. R. M. Rocha, 0 6.06.2004.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D5FFAFFDFFFE6FF7DFCDAFD14EC2C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="388" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDFFFE4FF7DFCDAFC6CEE0B" blockId="5.[151,1436,726,826]" box="[199,933,801,826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDFFFE4FF7DFCDAFE87EE0B" bold="true" box="[199,334,801,826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The name refers to the red color of the living colony.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF285CF9FFDFFFE4FF2DF8ADFB28EA5D" box="[151,1249,1878,1900]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243093/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" targetBox="[172,1412,882,1851]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDFFFE4FF2DF8ADFB28EA5D" blockId="5.[151,1249,1878,1900]" box="[151,1249,1878,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDFFFE4FF2DF8ADFEDBEA5D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1878,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDFFFE4FEA3F8ADFDC6EA5D" box="[281,527,1878,1900]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flammacolor" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDFFFE4FEA3F8ADFDC6EA5D" box="[281,527,1878,1900]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Didemnum flammacolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2106D18FFDFFFE4FDACF8ADFDAFEA5D" box="[534,614,1878,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDFFFE4FDACF8ADFDAFEA5D" bold="true" box="[534,614,1878,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
A, living colony. B, spicules. C, larva. Scale bar: C = 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<caption id="DF285CF9FFDCFFE7FF2DFA68FBB5E898" box="[151,1148,1427,1449]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243094/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" targetBox="[173,1424,199,1396]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDCFFE7FF2DFA68FBB5E898" blockId="6.[151,1148,1427,1449]" box="[151,1148,1427,1449]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDCFFE7FF2DFA68FEDBE898" bold="true" box="[151,274,1427,1449]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDCFFE7FEA3FA68FDC6E898" box="[281,527,1427,1449]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flammacolor" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDCFFE7FEA3FA68FDC6E898" box="[281,527,1427,1449]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Didemnum flammacolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2106D18FFDCFFE7FDACFA68FDAFE898" box="[534,614,1427,1449]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDCFFE7FDACFA68FDAFE898" bold="true" box="[534,614,1427,1449]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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A, thorax. B, abdomen. C, larva. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDCFFE7FF7DFA2EFD20EB93" blockId="6.[151,1437,1493,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
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The encrusting colony is approximately
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||
<quantity id="4CAFA194FFDCFFE7FD3DFA2DFD77E8DF" box="[647,702,1494,1518]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
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long and
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<quantity id="4CAFA194FFDCFFE7FC96FA2DFCA5E8DF" box="[812,876,1494,1518]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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thick. Colony surface is red and the rim of cloacal cavities is white due to the presence of spicules (
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<figureCitation id="136C10F4FFDCFFE7FD07FA02FCC9EB23" box="[701,768,1529,1554]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1878,1900]" captionTargetBox="[172,1412,882,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[171,1416,878,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Didemnum flammacolor sp. nov. A, living colony. B, spicules. C, larva. Scale bar: C = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243093/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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A); when fixed in formaldehyde, the color fades to pinkish. Spicules are abundant throughout the surface, giving the colony a firm and brittle consistency; spicules are less abundant in the middle and lower layers of the tunic. Spicules are stellate, approximately 30 Μm in diameter with eight tapered rays in cross section; some spicules are approximately 20 Μm in diameter and have 7–10 conical and truncated rays in optical transverse section (
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<figureCitation id="136C10F4FFDCFFE7FD39F972FD0EEB93" box="[643,711,1673,1698]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1878,1900]" captionTargetBox="[172,1412,882,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[171,1416,878,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Didemnum flammacolor sp. nov. A, living colony. B, spicules. C, larva. Scale bar: C = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243093/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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B).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDCFFE7FF7DF956FBA6EA67" blockId="6.[151,1437,1493,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
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Zooids are about
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||
<quantity id="4CAFA194FFDCFFE7FE37F955FE19EBF7" box="[397,464,1710,1734]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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long. The oral siphon has six small triangular lobes. The atrial aperture is wide open, exposing most of the pharynx and an atrial languet is absent. The muscular process projects from the esophagealrectal peduncle and is variable in length and may be absent in some zooids, and tends to be shorter than the abdomen. Thoracic organs are circular, 80 µm in length, protruding, at the level of the fourth row of pharyngeal slits. There are between 6 and 7 stigmata per row on each side of the pharynx (
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<figureCitation id="136C10F4FFDCFFE7FBB3F8C6FB82EA67" box="[1033,1099,1853,1878]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1427,1449]" captionTargetBox="[173,1424,199,1396]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,193,1406]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Didemnum flammacolor sp. nov. A, thorax. B, abdomen. C, larva. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243094/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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A).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDCFFE7FF7DF89AFD2BEAD7" blockId="6.[151,1437,1493,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
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The abdomen is larger than the thorax. One small stolonic vessel was observed in some zooids. The esophagus is short. The location and shape of the stomach are typical; the duodenum is shorter than the stomach; the intestinal loop forms a deep secondary loop, covering the stomach. The single testis is spherical and surrounded by nine coils of the sperm duct (
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<figureCitation id="136C10F4FFDCFFE7FED3F836FE64EAD7" box="[361,429,1997,2022]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1427,1449]" captionTargetBox="[173,1424,199,1396]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,193,1406]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Didemnum flammacolor sp. nov. A, thorax. B, abdomen. C, larva. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243094/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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B). No oocytes were found.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDDFFE6FF7DFF63FD14EC2C" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
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Larvae are oval, trunk is approximately
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||
<quantity id="4CAFA194FFDDFFE6FD2FFF63FD24ED9E" box="[661,749,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
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in length, around which the tail winds three-quarters of the way. Larvae are non-pigmented, have three linearly arranged adhesive papillae that are close together on short stalks, plus four pairs of rounded ectodermal ampullae. The sensory vesicle (including ocellus and otolith) is in the mid-dorsal region of the larval trunk (
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<figureCitation id="136C10F4FFDDFFE6FD84FEFFFD45EC2D" box="[574,652,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1878,1900]" captionTargetBox="[172,1412,882,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[171,1416,878,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Didemnum flammacolor sp. nov. A, living colony. B, spicules. C, larva. Scale bar: C = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243093/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
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C, 5C).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34D5FFAFFDDFFE6FF7DFEDCFAEDEE6D" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE80C71FFDDFFE6FF7DFEDCFAEDEE6D" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
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<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FF7DFEDCFEF2EC71" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The known
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<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FE6AFEDCFD82EC71" box="[464,587,295,320]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FE6AFEDCFD82EC71" box="[464,587,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with reddish colonies differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FB8CFED2FB23EC71" box="[1078,1258,295,320]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flammacolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FB8CFED2FB23EC71" box="[1078,1258,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">D. flammacolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in many ways.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FF2DFEB7FD8BEC54" authority="Herdman, 1886" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,578,332,357]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moseleyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FF2DFEB7FEB3EC54" box="[151,378,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum moseleyi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FE33FEB7FDF0EC54" author="Herdman" box="[393,569,332,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1886) Report on the Tunicata collected during the years 1873 - 1876. Part 2. Ascidiae Compositae. Zoological Challenger Expedition, 14 (38), 1 - 425." type="journal article" year="1886">Herdman, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FDCDFEB6FC2CEC55" authority="Medioni, 1970" authorityName="Medioni" authorityYear="1970" box="[631,997,332,357]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudofulgens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FDCDFEB6FCF0EC54" box="[631,825,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">D. pseudofulgens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FCFAFEB7FC2CEC55" author="Medioni" box="[832,997,332,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Medioni, A. (1970) Ascidies du benthos rocheux de Banylus-Sur-Mer. Didemnidae (Ascidies Composees). Vie et Milieu, Series A, Biologie Marine, 21 (1 A), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="1970">Médioni, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have spicules with a greater number of short, conical rays (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FEC4FE8BFE31ECB9" author="Kott" box="[382,504,368,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Kott, P. (2001) The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 47 (1), 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FDBDFE94FD65ECB9" author="Medioni" box="[519,684,367,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Medioni, A. (1970) Ascidies du benthos rocheux de Banylus-Sur-Mer. Didemnidae (Ascidies Composees). Vie et Milieu, Series A, Biologie Marine, 21 (1 A), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="1970">Médioni 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FD7EFE94FC74ECB9" box="[708,957,367,392]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rodriguesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FD7EFE94FC74ECB9" box="[708,957,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum rodriguesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
colonies have a reticulate pattern on the surface of the tunic and a different number of larval ampullae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FCE8FE6FFBA9EC9D" author="Rocha" box="[850,1120,404,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Rocha, R. M. & Monniot, F. (1993) Didemnum rodriguesi sp. nov., a new didemnid tunicate common to southern Brazil and New Caledonia. Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, 69 (2), 261 - 265." type="journal article" year="1993">Rocha & Monniot 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FBD1FE6FFAC6EC9D" author="Monniot" box="[1131,1295,404,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Monniot, F. (2010) Some new data on tropical western Pacific Ascidians. Zootaxa, 2561, 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="2010">Monniot 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FA9BFE6FFE20ECE1" authority="Sluiter, 1909" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="membranaceum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FA9BFE6FFE83ECE1" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum membranaceum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FEEFFE4CFE20ECE1" author="Sluiter" box="[341,489,439,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Sluiter, C. P. (1909) Die Tunicaten der Siboga Expedition. Pt II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition, 56 B, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has larger spicules (
|
||
<quantity id="4CAFA194FFDDFFE6FD65FE43FCF5ECE1" box="[735,828,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) with 4–6 conical rays in transverse optical section (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FF24FE27FE02ECC5" author="Monniot" box="[158,459,476,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Monniot, F. & Monniot, C. (2008) Complements sur la diversite des ascidies (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) de l'ouest Pacifique tropical. Zoosystema, 30 (4), 799 - 872." type="journal article" year="2008">Monniot & Monniot 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FE64FE27FBDEECC5" authority="Monniot & Monniot, 2001" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="2001" box="[478,1047,476,501]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeleinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FE64FE27FD2BECC4" box="[478,738,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum madeleinae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FD50FE27FBDEECC5" author="Monniot" box="[746,1047,476,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Monniot, F. & Monniot, C. (2001) Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific. Zoosystema, 23 (2), 201 - 383." type="journal article" year="2001">Monniot & Monniot, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have larvae with 12 or more pairs of ampullae and the trunk is longer (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FD88FE04FC94EF29" author="Monniot" box="[562,861,511,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Monniot, F. & Monniot, C. (2001) Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific. Zoosystema, 23 (2), 201 - 383." type="journal article" year="2001">Monniot & Monniot 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FCCBFE04FA80EF29" authority="Von Drasche, 1883" authorityName="Von Drasche" authorityYear="1883" box="[881,1353,511,536]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coccineum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FCCBFE04FBA2EF29" box="[881,1131,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum coccineum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FBC9FDFBFA80EF29" author="Von" box="[1139,1353,511,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Von Drasche, R. (1883 - 1884) Die Synascidien der Bucht von Rovigno (Istrien). Ein Beitrag zur Fauna der Adria. Carl Gerolds Sohn, Wien, 41 pp." type="book" year="1883">Von Drasche, 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FA3BFDFAFE0FEF0C" authority="Lafargue, 1976" authorityName="Lafargue" authorityYear="1976" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amourouxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FA3BFDFAFEC6EF0D" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">D. amourouxi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FEA3FDDFFE0FEF0C" author="Lafargue" box="[281,454,548,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Lafargue, F. (1976) Revision taxonomique des didemnidae des cotes de France (Ascidies Composes). Les especes de Banyuls- Sur-Mer. Genre Didemnum. Deuxieme partie: Larves a deux ventouses. Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, 52 (2), 259 - 281." type="journal article" year="1976">Lafargue, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also have a greater number of ampullae but only two adhesive papillae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FAACFDDFFEDDEF51" author="Lafargue" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Lafargue, F. & Wahl, M. (1987) The didemnid ascidian fauna of France. Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, 63 (I), 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1987">Lafargue & Wahl 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Some other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FD98FDBCFD54EF51" box="[546,669,583,608]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FD98FDBCFD54EF51" box="[546,669,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have 9 turns of sperm duct and larvae with 3 adhesive papillae and 4 pairs of ampullae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FED7FD97FD15EFB5" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[365,732,620,645]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crescente">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FED7FD97FD90EFB5" box="[365,601,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum crescente</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FDD8FD96FD15EFB5" author="Kott" box="[610,732,620,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Kott, P. (2001) The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 47 (1), 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has larger spicules (70 µm), longer retractor muscles and
|
||
<quantity id="4CAFA194FFDDFFE6FAC3FD97FF0AEF96" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long larval trunk (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FE21FD6BFDDDEF99" author="Kott" box="[411,532,656,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Kott, P. (2001) The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 47 (1), 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FD93FD74FC28EF99" authority="Sluiter, 1909" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" box="[553,993,655,680]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuculiferum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FD93FD74FCFAEF99" box="[553,819,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum cuculiferum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FCFEFD74FC11EF99" author="Sluiter" box="[836,984,655,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Sluiter, C. P. (1909) Die Tunicaten der Siboga Expedition. Pt II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition, 56 B, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has longer retractor muscle and larger larvae (
|
||
<quantity id="4CAFA194FFDDFFE6FF53FD4FFE9AEFFD" box="[233,339,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.699999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="0.57">0.57 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FEDFFD4FFD76EFFD" authority="Sluite 1909" authorityName="Sluite" authorityYear="1909" box="[357,703,692,717]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FEDFFD4FFDFEEFFC" box="[357,567,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FD87FD4FFD76EFFD" author="Sluite" box="[573,703,692,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Sluiter, C. P. (1909) Die Tunicaten der Siboga Expedition. Pt II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition, 56 B, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluite 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, has a fragile colony with circular spicules and larger larvae (
|
||
<quantity id="4CAFA194FFDDFFE6FAD3FD4FFF0DEFC1" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="0.78">0.78 mm</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FF5AFD2CFDD3EFC1" author="Monniot" box="[224,538,727,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1987) Les ascidies de Polynesie Francaise. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Zoologie, 136, 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="1987">Monniot & Monniot 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FD8EFD2CFB98EFC1" authority="Monniot & Monniot, 1987" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1987" box="[564,1105,727,752]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hiopaa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FD8EFD2CFCC0EFC1" box="[564,777,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum hiopaa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FCAFFD2CFB98EFC1" author="Monniot" box="[789,1105,727,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1987) Les ascidies de Polynesie Francaise. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Zoologie, 136, 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="1987">Monniot & Monniot, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form small and transparent colonies and has spicules with larger number of rays.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FD45FD07FB7FEE25" authority="Herdman, 1899" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1899" box="[767,1206,764,789]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="incantum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FD45FD07FC22EE25" box="[767,1003,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum incantum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FC41FD07FB67EE25" author="Herdman" box="[1019,1198,764,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1899) Descriptive catalogue of the Tunicata in the Australian Museum Sydney N. S. W. Australian. Australian Museum, Sydney- Catalogue, 17, 1 - 139. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1561" type="journal article" year="1899">Herdman, 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has longer retractor muscle, fewer pharyngeal stigmata in each row (4–6), and the spicules rays have a tetrahedral basis.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5777F2FFDDFFE6FA9BFCE4FEA3EE6D" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulgare">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923D063FFDDFFE6FA9BFCE4FF25EE6C" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Didemnum vulgare</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FF48FCBEFEA3EE6D" author="Kott" box="[242,362,836,860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Kott, P. (2001) The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 47 (1), 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has larger spicules (60 µm) with more rays and longer retractor muscle (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67180FFDDFFE6FB20FCBFFAD1EE6D" author="Kott" box="[1178,1304,836,860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" refString="Kott, P. (2001) The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 47 (1), 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |