214 lines
18 KiB
XML
214 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739808" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7e93c79-44a6-4d9c-8b78-dcb62033fb0d" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3739808" checkinTime="1585778501182" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03BD87A2C665A217FF2BF2D6F7904401" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Hipposideridae_210.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Hipposideros cervinus" docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="246" masterDocId="FF84FFDAC676A204FFF8FF9AFFEF4346" masterDocTitle="Hipposideridae" masterLastPageNumber="258" masterPageNumber="227" pageNumber="246" updateTime="1658324438528" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Hipposideridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>227</mods:start>
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<mods:end>258</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739808</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">b7e93c79-44a6-4d9c-8b78-dcb62033fb0d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3739808</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810863" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163433786" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810863" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BD87A2C665A217FF2BF2D6F7904401" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BD87A2C665A217FF2BF2D6F7904401" lastPageNumber="246" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<heading pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<subSubSection box="[211,290,3404,3465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[210,1824,3403,3561]" box="[211,290,3404,3465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<figureCitation box="[211,290,3404,3465]" captionStart="Plate 18: Hipposideridae" captionStartId="18.[172,215,4473,4502]" captionTargetBox="[0,3699,0,4866]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="47. Short-tailed Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros curtus), 49. Aellen’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros marisae), 50. Schneider’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros speoris), 51. Spurred Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros calcaratus), 52. Fawn-colored Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros ceruinus), 53. Cox’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros coxi), 54. Cantor’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros galeritus), 55. Aba Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros abae), 56. Benito Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros beatus), 57. Sundevall’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros caffer), 58. Sooty Leaf-nosed (Bat Hipposiderosfuliginosus), 59. Lamotte’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros lamottei), 60. Noack’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros ruber), 61. Maghreb Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros tephrus), 62. Dusky Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros ater), 63. Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros bicolor), 64. Short-headed Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros breviceps), 65. Least Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros cineraceus), 66. Large Mindanao Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros coronatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739814" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3739814/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">52.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[316,1131,3404,3465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[210,1824,3403,3561]" box="[316,1131,3404,3465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<vernacularName box="[316,1131,3404,3465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Fawn-colored Leaf-nosed Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1195,1747,3404,3465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[210,1824,3403,3561]" box="[1195,1747,3404,3465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1195,1747,3404,3465]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervinus">
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<emphasis box="[1195,1747,3404,3465]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Hipposideros cervinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[210,1824,3403,3561]" box="[211,1571,3479,3506]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[211,313,3481,3506]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[325,602,3479,3506]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Phyllorhine de Gould</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[629,752,3481,3506]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[763,1111,3479,3506]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Rehbraune Rundblattnase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1137,1261,3481,3506]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1273,1571,3479,3506]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Hiposidérido de Gould</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[210,1824,3403,3561]" box="[210,1823,3533,3560]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[210,537,3535,3560]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[548,828,3533,3560]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">awn Horseshoe Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[843,1111,3533,3560]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">awn Roundleaf Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[1127,1502,3533,3560]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Fawn-colored Roundleaf Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[1517,1823,3533,3560]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Gould's Leaf-nosed Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1031,1827,3631,4198]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1031,1238,3631,3670]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Gould, 1854" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1854" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervinus">Rhinolophus cervinus Gould, 1854</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1031,1827,3631,4198]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3753598353" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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Cape York and Albany Island,
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<collectingRegion box="[1033,1262,3736,3775]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1278,1445,3736,3775]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Australia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1031,1827,3631,4198]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="ZyfetThomas" authorityYear="1913" box="[1033,1407,3789,3828]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ceruinus">Hipposideros ceruinus</taxonomicName>
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was formerly included in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1834" box="[1227,1336,3841,3880]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">bicolor</taxonomicName>
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species group, but is now placed in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1877" box="[1304,1472,3894,3933]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcaratus">calcaratus</taxonomicName>
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species group. Future taxonomic study may prove that the Malay Peninsula population represents a different taxon. Two subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3749139" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3749139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3749139/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" startId="19.[211,373,4210,4249]" targetBox="[208,1002,3635,4192]" targetPageId="19">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1031,1827,3631,4198]" box="[1033,1569,4105,4144]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1033,1569,4105,4144]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1031,1827,3631,4198]" lastBlockId="19.[208,1828,4210,4670]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<taxonomicName authority="Gould, 1854" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1854" box="[1033,1530,4158,4197]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="cervinus" subSpecies="ceruinus">H. c. ceruinus Gould, 1854</taxonomicName>
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-Sulawesi and adjacent Is, Talaud,
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<collectingCountry box="[602,781,4210,4249]" name="Indonesia" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
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, Kai, and Aru Is, New
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<collectingCountry box="[1228,1368,4210,4249]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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(including Waigeo and Yapen Is), Admiralty Is (Manus), Bismarck and Louisiade archipelagos, NE
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<collectingCountry box="[1657,1827,4263,4302]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Australia</collectingCountry>
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(Cape York Peninsula and Moa and Albany Is), Solomon Is, and
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<collectingCountry box="[1427,1590,4316,4355]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[208,1828,4210,4670]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<taxonomicName authority="Tomes, 1859" authorityName="Tomes" authorityYear="1859" box="[213,758,4368,4407]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="cervinus" subSpecies="labuanensis">H. c. labuanensisTomes, 1859</taxonomicName>
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-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra (includingMentawai, Enggano, and Bangka Is), Borneo, Kangean Is, and
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<collectingCountry box="[1069,1282,4421,4460]" name="Philippines" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion box="[1310,1465,4421,4460]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Palawan</collectingRegion>
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and Mindanao Is).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[208,1828,4210,4670]" lastBlockId="19.[1923,3555,390,1864]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[211,553,4473,4512]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body
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<quantity box="[804,1009,4473,4512]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" unit="mm" value="52.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="50.0">50—55 mm</quantity>
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, tail
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<quantity box="[1106,1310,4473,4512]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" unit="mm" value="26.0" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="21.0">21—31 mm</quantity>
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, ear 14-17-5 mm, forearm
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<quantity box="[212,419,4526,4565]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" unit="mm" value="48.5" valueMax="53.0" valueMin="44.0">44—53 mm</quantity>
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; weight 6-9 g. There are no other specific measurements available. The Fawn-colored Leaf-nosed Bat is a small to medium-sized
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<taxonomicName authorityName="ZyfetThomas" authorityYear="1913" box="[1334,1557,4579,4618]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hipposideros</taxonomicName>
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. Noseleaf has two supplementary leaflets. Posterior leaf has three vertical septa, which divide the posterior leaf into four cells. Pelage color is variable from grayish brown or yellowish brown to bright orange; ventral side is paler than the dorsal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1923,3555,390,1864]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1926,2076,497,536]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Habitat.</emphasis>
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The Fawn-colored Leaf-nosed Bat usually roosts in caves but can also be found in other habitats, e.g. abandoned mines and tree hollows. It forages in lowland forest understory from sea level up to
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<quantity box="[2533,2672,605,644]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1923,3555,390,1864]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1925,2287,657,696]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Fawn-colored Leaf-nosed Bat feeds on small beedes, moths, and other insects over shrubs, creeks and water bodies by using aerial and gleaning tactics. It can fly slowly and hover during the gleaning.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1923,3555,390,1864]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1925,2108,818,857]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Breeding.</emphasis>
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In
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<collectingRegion box="[2191,2534,818,857]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Madang" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Madang Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2562,2945,818,857]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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, females give birth to a single young twice a year, with lactation peaks in March and September. Pregnant females were captured in July-September. Females become sexually mature in c.8—9 months. In peninsular
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<collectingCountry box="[2200,2363,977,1016]" name="Malaysia" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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, lactating females were found throughout the year, with peak pregnancy in February—March.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1923,3555,390,1864]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1923,2244,1084,1123]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Fawn-colored Leaf-nosed Bat emerges from the roost at sunset, and sets off, flying fast within
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<quantity box="[2492,2563,1137,1176]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
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of the ground, for its foraging grounds. It is a cavedwelling species. Echolocation is a typical CF/FM type, with a call frequency of the F segment of 144—145 kHz, with the FM segment dropping to 120 kHz. In Peninsular
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<collectingCountry box="[1925,2089,1296,1335]" name="Malaysia" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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, call frequency is 126 kHz.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1923,3555,390,1864]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1925,2865,1350,1389]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Fawn-colored Leaf-nosed Bats roost gregariously. Colony size can be thousands of individuals. In Niah Caves, Borneo, colony size was estimated at up to 250,000 individuals. The species can be found sharing the roost with Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bats {
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1834" box="[2799,2966,1509,1548]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">H. bicolor</taxonomicName>
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) and antor ’s Leaf-nosed Bats {
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cantor" authorityYear="1846" box="[1947,2156,1563,1602]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeritus">H. galeritus</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1923,3555,390,1864]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1925,2402,1616,1655]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on IUCN Red List. This species is common to abundant in caves throughout its range, and forms large colonies.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="246" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[1923,3555,390,1864]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1925,2131,1729,1758]" pageId="19" pageNumber="246">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Bonaccorso (1998), Corbet & Hill (1992), Csorba, Bumrumgsri, Francis, Bates, Gumal, Hall & Bonaccorso (2008), Francis (2008a), Heaney eta/. (1998), Kingston eta/. (2006), Phillipps & Phillipps (2016), Simmons (2005).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |