204 lines
16 KiB
XML
204 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739808" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7e93c79-44a6-4d9c-8b78-dcb62033fb0d" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3739808" checkinTime="1585778501182" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03BD87A2C663A211FF31F628F2CF4179" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Hipposideridae_210.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Hipposideros fuliginosus" docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="248" masterDocId="FF84FFDAC676A204FFF8FF9AFFEF4346" masterDocTitle="Hipposideridae" masterLastPageNumber="258" masterPageNumber="227" pageNumber="248" updateTime="1658324438528" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Hipposideridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>227</mods:start>
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<mods:end>258</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739808</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">b7e93c79-44a6-4d9c-8b78-dcb62033fb0d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3739808</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810845" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163433796" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810845" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BD87A2C663A211FF31F628F2CF4179" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BD87A2C663A211FF31F628F2CF4179" lastPageNumber="248" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[199,1571,2482,2642]" box="[201,894,2482,2543]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<subSubSection box="[201,281,2482,2543]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="multiple">
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<figureCitation box="[201,281,2482,2543]" captionStart="Plate 18: Hipposideridae" captionStartId="18.[172,215,4473,4502]" captionTargetBox="[0,3699,0,4866]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="47. Short-tailed Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros curtus), 49. Aellen’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros marisae), 50. Schneider’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros speoris), 51. Spurred Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros calcaratus), 52. Fawn-colored Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros ceruinus), 53. Cox’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros coxi), 54. Cantor’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros galeritus), 55. Aba Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros abae), 56. Benito Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros beatus), 57. Sundevall’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros caffer), 58. Sooty Leaf-nosed (Bat Hipposiderosfuliginosus), 59. Lamotte’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros lamottei), 60. Noack’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros ruber), 61. Maghreb Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros tephrus), 62. Dusky Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros ater), 63. Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros bicolor), 64. Short-headed Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros breviceps), 65. Least Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros cineraceus), 66. Large Mindanao Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros coronatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739814" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3739814/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">58.</figureCitation>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[305,894,2482,2543]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="vernacular_names">
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<vernacularName box="[305,894,2482,2543]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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Sooty Leaf-nosed
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<emphasis box="[799,894,2482,2543]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Bat</emphasis>
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</vernacularName>
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</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection box="[949,1564,2482,2543]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[199,1571,2482,2642]" box="[949,1564,2482,2543]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[949,1564,2482,2543]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuliginosus">
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<emphasis box="[949,1564,2482,2543]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Hipposideros fuliginosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[199,1571,2482,2642]" box="[201,1546,2558,2585]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[201,303,2560,2585]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[315,618,2558,2585]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Phyllorhine fuligineuse</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[644,767,2560,2585]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[772,1112,2558,2585]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Temminck-Rundblattnase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1138,1262,2560,2585]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1274,1546,2558,2585]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Hiposidérido tiznado</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="21.[199,1571,2482,2642]" box="[200,820,2611,2638]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[200,532,2613,2638]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[543,820,2611,2638]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Sooty Roundleaf Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[1019,1815,2714,3281]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1020,1231,2714,2753]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Phyllorrhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">Phyllorrhina fuliginosa Temminck, 1853</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[1019,1815,2714,3281]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3753598342" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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“La côte de
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<collectingCountry box="[1528,1644,2767,2806]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Guiné</collectingCountry>
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[= coast of
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<collectingCountry box="[1070,1218,2819,2858]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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].”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[1019,1815,2714,3281]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1021,1454,2872,2911]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuliginosus">Hipposideros fuliginosus</taxonomicName>
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was formerly included in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1834" box="[1319,1431,2925,2964]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">bicolor</taxonomicName>
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species group, but is now placed in the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Noack" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1436,1528,2977,3016]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruber">ruber</taxonomicName>
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species group. There has been considerable confusion in the literature regarding the distinguishing features of this species, but this has recently been resolved. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3749151" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3749151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3749151/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" startId="21.[200,271,3290,3329]" targetBox="[197,989,2714,3273]" targetPageId="21">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[1019,1815,2714,3281]" lastBlockId="21.[194,1812,3290,4646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1019,1257,3242,3281]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Patchily across tropical Africa with records in
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<collectingCountry box="[592,843,3290,3329]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[868,1008,3290,3329]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1033,1171,3290,3329]" name="Liberia" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Liberia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1195,1413,3290,3329]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1437,1565,3290,3329]" name="Ghana" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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, extreme SE
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<collectingCountry box="[199,343,3342,3381]" name="Nigeria" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[366,571,3342,3381]" name="Cameroon" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[594,724,3342,3381]" name="Gabon" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Gabon</collectingCountry>
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, extreme S
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<collectingCountry box="[957,1440,3342,3381]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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, N
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<collectingCountry box="[1511,1716,3342,3381]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
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, and SW
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<collectingCountry box="[273,425,3395,3434]" name="Uganda" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[194,1812,3290,4646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[198,538,3448,3487]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 80-100 mm, tail 29-40 mm, ear 17-20 mm, hindfoot
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<quantity box="[202,403,3501,3540]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.0">11—13 mm</quantity>
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, forearm
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<quantity box="[591,794,3501,3540]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="55.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="51.0">51—60 mm</quantity>
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; weight
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<quantity box="[956,1104,3501,3540]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" unit="g" value="19.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="18.0">18—20 g</quantity>
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. The Sooty Leaf-nosed Bat has short, rounded wings. Muzzle is relatively short with large but simple noseleaf that has two lateral leaflets. Frontal sac is absent. Intemarial septum is not swollen and does not partially cover nares. Ears are separate, and relatively small. Fur is relatively coarse and dark brown dorsally, paler ventrally; an orange morph exists which is bright orange or rusty brown. Thumb and thumb claw are well developed compared with other similarsized species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="ZyfetThomas" authorityYear="1913" box="[496,714,3817,3856]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hipposideros</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[194,1812,3290,4646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[198,349,3870,3909]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Lowland rainforest, extending up to
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<quantity box="[1080,1219,3870,3909]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</quantity>
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above sea level in
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<collectingCountry box="[1585,1725,3870,3909]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[198,351,3922,3961]" name="Uganda" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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. The Sooty Leaf-nosed Bat also occurs in riparian forest in the rainforest-savanna transition zone.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[194,1812,3290,4646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[197,548,4028,4067]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Sooty Leaf-nosed Bat is likely to be insectivorous. In one study, average capture height was 1-7 m aboveground, indicating that it was mainly foraging in the understory.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[194,1812,3290,4646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[197,378,4186,4225]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Based on observations in
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<collectingCountry box="[880,1095,4186,4225]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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, it would appear that there is a single restricted season during which Sooty Leaf-nosed Bat young are bom (young feeding on milk in March and May).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[194,1812,3290,4646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[194,513,4344,4383]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Sooty Leaf-nosed Bat roosts in hollow tree trunks. Echolocation call includes a F component at c.120 kHz.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[194,1812,3290,4646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[196,1182,4450,4489]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Sooty Leaf-nosed Bats roost in groups of up to 40 bats, comprising adult males and females, and perhaps also subadults orjuveniles. They may share their roosts with the West and Central African form of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Noack" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[246,397,4607,4646]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruber">H. ruber</taxonomicName>
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(sensu lato).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[1920,3547,379,583]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1920,2395,380,419]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The most important threat to the Sooty Leaf-nosed Bat is probably loss of pristine rainforest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="248" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[1920,3547,379,583]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1921,2128,493,522]" pageId="21" pageNumber="248">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Aellen (1952), ahr (2013k), Grubb eta/. (1998), Hill (1963a), Koopman (1989), Koopman et al. (1995), Monadjem & ahr (2007),Thorn & Kerbis Peterhans (2009), Van Cakenberghe eta/. (2017).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |