treatments-xml/data/84/16/9C/84169C569353FFD12BF69DC3FE6E09BD.xml

<document id="478D8CF8320A833C86DB4B9771A9ADCC" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5355307" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5355307" ID-ZooBank="88473619-8A6C-4951-AD3C-89C14653CAC3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630215238892" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Ng, Peter K. L., Davie, Peter J. F. &amp; Li, Jheng-Jhang" docDate="2016" docId="84169C569353FFD12BF69DC3FE6E09BD" docLanguage="en" docName="64rbz257-268.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 64" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F2D34FF25DBF9998BB8DF6F24A5B097A.5:RafflesBZool.2014-2018.journal_article" docStyleId="F2D34FF25DBF9998BB8DF6F24A5B097A" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2014-2018.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Parasesarma carolinense" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="261" masterDocId="782FE42E9351FFD52B2C9F5DFFB20D28" masterDocTitle="On the identities of Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1907) and Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), with description of a new species from Taiwan (Crustacea: Brachyura: Sesarmidae)" masterLastPageNumber="268" masterPageNumber="257" pageNumber="259" updateTime="1699189230292" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="C94B98BC763008CB1503BF90EF73DE93">On the identities of Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1907) and Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), with description of a new species from Taiwan (Crustacea: Brachyura: Sesarmidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D529F11542223D1075427B234452EA3D">Ng, Peter K. L.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="44A57ECB9353FFD72BF69DC3FD070F9D" box="[218,693,669,693]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0C002D409353FFD72BF69DC3FD070F9D" blockId="2.[218,693,669,725]" box="[218,693,669,693]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<heading id="57489A2C9353FFD72BF69DC3FD070F9D" bold="true" box="[218,693,669,693]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="CBBF56C39353FFD72BF69DC3FD070F9D" ID-CoL="75QHG" authority="(Rathbun, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[218,693,669,693]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Parasesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinense">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529353FFD72BF69DC3FD070F9D" bold="true" box="[218,693,669,693]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529353FFD72BF69DC3FE430F9D" bold="true" box="[218,497,669,693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Parasesarma carolinense</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="682E50B19353FFD7292D9DC0FD1C0F9D" author="Rathbun MJ" box="[513,686,669,693]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" pagination="25 - 74" refId="ref7356" refString="Rathbun MJ (1907) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross, &quot; from August, 1899, to March, 1900, Commander Jefferson F. Moser, U. S. N., commanding. IX. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross, &quot; from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. - Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. X: The Brachyura. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 35 (2): 25 - 74." type="journal article" year="1907">Rathbun, 1907</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44A57ECB9353FFD72A679DE0FDF10FFD" box="[331,579,701,725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="description">
<paragraph id="0C002D409353FFD72A679DE0FDF10FFD" blockId="2.[218,693,669,725]" box="[331,579,701,725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
(
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72A7F9DE0FE130FFD" box="[339,417,701,725]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72A829DE0FE430FFD" box="[430,497,701,725]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-93@7.[113,1451,189,1476]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Left ambulatory legs. A–C, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; D–G, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; H–K, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, D, H, first ambulatory leg; B, E, I, second ambulatory leg; C, F, J, third ambulatory leg; G, K, fourth ambulatory leg. Legs of all species to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355317/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">5A–C</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72AD29DE0FD8E0FFD" box="[510,572,701,725]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[189,1437,184,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@8.[189,1437,184,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. A–F, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; G–M, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; N–T, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, G, N, left third maxilliped; B, H, male pleon; O, male pleon (somites 1 and 3 broken); C, P, ventral view of left G1; D, Q, dorsal view of left G1; E, ventral view of right G1; F, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); I, ventral view of right G1; J, dorsal view of right G1; K, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); L, distal chitinous part of right G1 (dorsal view); M, right G2; R, distal chitinous part of left G1 (ventral view); S, distal chitinous part of left G1 (dorsal view); T, left G2. Setae for all structures denuded. Scale bars = 0.5 mm [A–E, G–J, M–Q, T]; 0.1 mm [F, K, L, R, S]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355319/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">6A–F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="44A57ECB9353FFD72BA49DA1FD620E63" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0C002D409353FFD72BA49DA1FCBA0E3A" blockId="2.[136,776,764,843]" box="[136,776,764,786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2CAF0A6E9353FFD72BA49DA1FCBA0E3A" box="[136,776,764,786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<treatmentCitation id="8D1E0B519353FFD72BA49DA1FD180E39" author="Rathbun MJ" box="[136,682,764,786]" page="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" year="1907">
<taxonomicName id="CBBF56C39353FFD72BA49DA1FD180E39" ID-CoL="4WYVP" authority="Rathbun, 1907: 34" authorityName="Rathbun" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1907" box="[136,682,764,786]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinensis" subGenus="Parasesarma">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529353FFD72BA49DA1FF690E39" box="[136,219,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Sesarma</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529353FFD72BC69DA0FED80E3A" box="[234,362,765,786]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Parasesarma</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529353FFD72A549DA1FE5F0E39" box="[376,493,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">carolinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="682E50B19353FFD72AD99DA1FD180E39" author="Rathbun MJ" box="[501,682,764,786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" pagination="25 - 74" refId="ref7356" refString="Rathbun MJ (1907) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross, &quot; from August, 1899, to March, 1900, Commander Jefferson F. Moser, U. S. N., commanding. IX. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross, &quot; from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. - Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. X: The Brachyura. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 35 (2): 25 - 74." type="journal article" year="1907">Rathbun, 1907: 34</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 5 fig.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C002D409353FFD72B829C44FD620E63" blockId="2.[136,776,764,843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
2, 2a; pl. 9 fig. 1; 
<bibRefCitation id="682E50B19353FFD72A4F9C44FDBC0E06" author="Tesch JJ" box="[355,526,793,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" pagination="127 - 260" refId="ref7580" refString="Tesch JJ (1917) Synopsis of the genera Sesarma, Metasesarma, Sarmatium and Clistocoeloma, with a key to the determination of the Indo-Pacific species. Zoologische Mededelingen, 3: 127 - 260, pls. 15 - 17." type="journal article" year="1917">Tesch, 1917: 141</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="682E50B19353FFD729379C44FD7D0E06" author="Serene R" box="[539,719,793,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" pagination="33 - 120" refId="ref7532" refString="Serene R (1968) The Brachyura of the Indo Pacific Region. In: Prodromus for a Check List of the Non-planctonic Marine Fauna of South East Asia. Special Publication of the Singapore National Academy of Science, No. 1: 33 - 120." type="book chapter" year="1968">Serène, 1968: 108</bibRefCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="CBBF56C39353FFD72BA49C6BFE320E62" ID-CoL="75QHG" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[136,384,821,843]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Parasesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinense">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529353FFD72BA49C6BFE320E62" box="[136,384,821,843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Parasesarma carolinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<bibRefCitation id="682E50B19353FFD72AB79C6BFDD30E63" author="Ng PKL &amp; Guinot D &amp; Davie PJF" box="[411,609,821,843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" pagination="1 - 286" refId="ref7132" refString="Ng PKL, Guinot D &amp; Davie PJF (2008) Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 17: 1 - 286." type="journal article" year="2008">Ng et al., 2008: 222</bibRefCitation>
(list, part).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44A57ECB9353FFD72BA49C2EFD110E84" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0C002D409353FFD72BA49C2EFD110E84" blockId="2.[135,775,883,940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529353FFD72BA49C2EFED60EA3" bold="true" box="[136,356,883,907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BCD7271D9353FFD72A449C29FD110E84" collectingDate="1900-02-09" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Carolines" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" specimenCode="USNM 32861" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="D30493E29353FFD72A449C29FE7D0EA4" box="[360,463,884,908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (
<specimenCode id="5C19853B9353FFD729949C29FF7F0E84" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="Museum">USNM 32861</specimenCode>
), Kusaie, 
<collectorName id="A14A48969353FFD72A179CC9FE160E84" box="[315,420,916,940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Carolines</collectorName>
, coll. 
<date id="78010B809353FFD72AC49CC9FD120E84" box="[488,672,916,940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" value="1900-02-09">
<collectingDate id="6845F2689353FFD72AC49CC9FD120E84" box="[488,672,916,940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" value="1900-02-09">9 February 1900</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44A57ECB9353FFD72BA49C8EFEF50B44" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0C002D409353FFD72BA49C8EFEF50B44" blockId="2.[136,776,979,1644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529353FFD72BA49C8EFF4F0EC3" bold="true" box="[136,253,979,1003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Carapace 1.31 times broader than long; lobes of frontal margin separated by broad, very shallow concavity (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72BBC9B49FEB00904" box="[144,258,1044,1068]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2A–C</figureCitation>
); upper surface of cheliped palm with 2 transverse pectinate crests, primary (distalmost) consisting of row of 14 or 15 tall pectinate teeth, tip of each tooth gently curved, secondary crest with 16 or 17 relatively lower pectinate teeth (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72BE79BC9FE830984" box="[203,305,1172,1196]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2F, I</figureCitation>
); inner surface of palm with short obliquely transverse granulated ridge on upper half (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD729749BE9FD0209E4" box="[600,688,1204,1228]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
); dorsal surface of dactylus with 15 or 16 triangular tubercles, each dactylar tubercle with distinct transverse ridge (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD729BC9BA9FF210804" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2F, G, I</figureCitation>
); inner distal margin of lamelliform process of merus lined with sharp triangular teeth (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72A8F9A69FDBD0864" box="[419,527,1332,1356]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2F, G</figureCitation>
); ambulatory legs short, stout; merus of third leg 2.0 times as long as wide; upper margin of merus with subdistal spine; propodus of third leg 2.7 times as long as wide; dactylus of third and fourth legs 0.7 and 0.8 times length of propodus, respectively (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD729899AE9FCB608E4" box="[677,772,1460,1484]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72BA49A89FF7E08C4" box="[136,204,1492,1516]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-93@7.[113,1451,189,1476]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Left ambulatory legs. A–C, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; D–G, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; H–K, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, D, H, first ambulatory leg; B, E, I, second ambulatory leg; C, F, J, third ambulatory leg; G, K, fourth ambulatory leg. Legs of all species to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355317/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">5A–C</figureCitation>
); male telson triangular with strongly convex lateral margins, ca. 1.5 times length of pleonal somite 6 (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD729899AA9FD4B0B24" box="[677,761,1524,1548]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[189,1437,184,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@8.[189,1437,184,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. A–F, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; G–M, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; N–T, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, G, N, left third maxilliped; B, H, male pleon; O, male pleon (somites 1 and 3 broken); C, P, ventral view of left G1; D, Q, dorsal view of left G1; E, ventral view of right G1; F, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); I, ventral view of right G1; J, dorsal view of right G1; K, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); L, distal chitinous part of right G1 (dorsal view); M, right G2; R, distal chitinous part of left G1 (ventral view); S, distal chitinous part of left G1 (dorsal view); T, left G2. Setae for all structures denuded. Scale bars = 0.5 mm [A–E, G–J, M–Q, T]; 0.1 mm [F, K, L, R, S]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355319/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
); G1 relatively slender, straight; apical process bent to form an angle of about 80º from the vertical, chitinous distal part long (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72BE49909FE890B44" box="[200,315,1620,1644]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[189,1437,184,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@8.[189,1437,184,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. A–F, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; G–M, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; N–T, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, G, N, left third maxilliped; B, H, male pleon; O, male pleon (somites 1 and 3 broken); C, P, ventral view of left G1; D, Q, dorsal view of left G1; E, ventral view of right G1; F, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); I, ventral view of right G1; J, dorsal view of right G1; K, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); L, distal chitinous part of right G1 (dorsal view); M, right G2; R, distal chitinous part of left G1 (ventral view); S, distal chitinous part of left G1 (dorsal view); T, left G2. Setae for all structures denuded. Scale bars = 0.5 mm [A–E, G–J, M–Q, T]; 0.1 mm [F, K, L, R, S]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355319/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 6C–F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44A57ECB9353FFD12BA499CEFEDD0E1D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="description">
<paragraph id="0C002D409353FFD72BA499CEFB3B0F7D" blockId="2.[135,775,1683,2060]" lastBlockId="2.[835,1475,189,597]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529353FFD72BA499CEFEA10B83" bold="true" box="[136,275,1683,1707]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Description.</emphasis>
Carapace trapezoidal, 1.31 times broader than long; dorsal surfaces relatively smooth, glabrous; regions poorly defined, separated by shallow grooves except for deeper H-shaped median gastric groove; lateral parts of dorsal carapace surface with distinct oblique striae; posterior surface with short transverse striae; lateral margins with numerous tufts of short setae (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72ADC9809FDC00A44" box="[496,626,1876,1900]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
). Postfrontal region distinct, low, rounded, not cristate, separated into 4 lobes by narrow, distinct longitudinal grooves; median lobes approximately same width as lateral lobes (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD7296598E9FD0E0AE4" box="[585,700,1972,1996]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2A–C</figureCitation>
). Front truncate, distinctly deflexed downwards, margin weakly bilobed from dorsal view with lobes separated by broad, very shallow median concavity; confluent with supraorbital margin (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD728B29F80FBA60DDD" box="[926,1044,221,245]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2A–C</figureCitation>
). Supraorbital margin entire, posteriorly oblique, convex along anterior half, posterior half gently sinuous (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD728819E40FB9D0C1D" box="[941,1071,285,309]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
). External orbital tooth triangular, directed obliquely outwards, representing point of greatest carapace width; antero- and posterolateral margins not demarcated, without trace of tooth or indentation, lateral margins straight, converging to meet weakly convex posterior carapace margin (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72F2A9EE0FBCD0CFD" box="[1030,1151,445,469]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
). Eyes with large cornea, not reaching to external orbital tooth (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72FE59E80FAF50CDD" box="[1225,1351,477,501]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
). Antennal and antennular basal segments adjacent, not separated by septum; basal antennular segment large; antennal flagellum relatively long, entering orbit.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C002D409353FFD728699D20FBB80E7D" blockId="2.[835,1476,637,853]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
Third maxilliped with ischium relatively short, subrectangular in shape, with shallow median sulcus, left one relatively shorter than right one (see Remarks) (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72FF29DE0FA8F0FFD" box="[1246,1341,701,725]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Figs. 2E</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72E649DE0FADE0FFD" box="[1352,1388,701,725]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[189,1437,184,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@8.[189,1437,184,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. A–F, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; G–M, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; N–T, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, G, N, left third maxilliped; B, H, male pleon; O, male pleon (somites 1 and 3 broken); C, P, ventral view of left G1; D, Q, dorsal view of left G1; E, ventral view of right G1; F, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); I, ventral view of right G1; J, dorsal view of right G1; K, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); L, distal chitinous part of right G1 (dorsal view); M, right G2; R, distal chitinous part of left G1 (ventral view); S, distal chitinous part of left G1 (dorsal view); T, left G2. Setae for all structures denuded. Scale bars = 0.5 mm [A–E, G–J, M–Q, T]; 0.1 mm [F, K, L, R, S]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355319/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">6A</figureCitation>
); merus subovate, with distinct submedian ridge; inner margin of merus-ischium with stiff setae; exopod slender, tip reaching about half length of outer margin of merus, flagellum long (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD728679C60FC7E0E7D" box="[843,972,829,853]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Figs. 2D, E</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD728F69C60FC4C0E7D" box="[986,1022,829,853]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[189,1437,184,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@8.[189,1437,184,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. A–F, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; G–M, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; N–T, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, G, N, left third maxilliped; B, H, male pleon; O, male pleon (somites 1 and 3 broken); C, P, ventral view of left G1; D, Q, dorsal view of left G1; E, ventral view of right G1; F, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); I, ventral view of right G1; J, dorsal view of right G1; K, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); L, distal chitinous part of right G1 (dorsal view); M, right G2; R, distal chitinous part of left G1 (ventral view); S, distal chitinous part of left G1 (dorsal view); T, left G2. Setae for all structures denuded. Scale bars = 0.5 mm [A–E, G–J, M–Q, T]; 0.1 mm [F, K, L, R, S]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355319/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">6A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C002D409353FFD7286F9C20FA710B7D" blockId="2.[834,1475,893,1622]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
Chelipeds relatively stout in adult male, symmetrical (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72EBB9C20FCDB0E9D" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Merus short, inner distal part prominently carinate, forming large lamelliform structure; distal margin of lamelliform structure appears serrated, with short sharp teeth, inner margin with denticles; outer margin uneven or with low granules; outer surface with dorsal striation; inner surface gently concave, smooth, with 2 rows of setae (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72E649B60FCE8095D" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2A, F, G</figureCitation>
). Carpus with inner angle not produced, rounded; outer margin and surface striated (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72F519B20FB4709BD" box="[1149,1269,1149,1173]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2F, G</figureCitation>
). Upper surface of palm with 2 obliquely transverse pectinate crests, primary (distalmost) crest with row of 14 or 15 tall pectinate teeth, tip of each tooth gently curved, secondary crest with 16 or 17 relatively lower pectinate teeth (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72FD09BA0FADE083D" box="[1276,1388,1277,1301]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2F, I</figureCitation>
). Outer surface of palm with striations and punctations; inner surface of palm with short oblique granulated crest on upper part (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD728679A00FC13085D" box="[843,929,1373,1397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
). Fingers short, subequal to length of palm; cutting edge of pollex with large, rounded teeth on distal half, teeth on proximal part relatively lower, tip excavated, spatulate; dactylus with rounded tooth on subproximal part of cutting margin, rest of margin with small teeth, tip excavated, spatulate; dorsal surface of dactylus with 15 or 16 triangular tubercles, gradually sloping distally, becoming lower, each tubercle with a strong proximal transverse ridge (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72E639960FA050B7D" box="[1359,1463,1597,1621]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2F–I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C002D409353FFD7286F9920FBFA053D" blockId="2.[835,1475,1661,2069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
Ambulatory legs short, stout, laterally flattened; second and third pairs longest (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72F0F99C0FBCD0B9D" box="[1059,1151,1693,1717]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Merus with low transverse striae on upper surface, meri of second and third legs 2.2 and 2.0 times as long as wide, respectively; upper margin of merus with subdistal spine (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72F8999A0FAB90A3D" box="[1189,1291,1789,1813]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72E3699A0FAED0A3D" box="[1306,1375,1789,1813]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-93@7.[113,1451,189,1476]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Left ambulatory legs. A–C, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; D–G, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; H–K, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, D, H, first ambulatory leg; B, E, I, second ambulatory leg; C, F, J, third ambulatory leg; G, K, fourth ambulatory leg. Legs of all species to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355317/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">5A–C</figureCitation>
). Carpus with 2 accessory carinae on outer surface. Propodus of third leg ca. 2.7 times as long as wide with low carina on inferior proximal portion of outer surface, dorsal and ventral margins with short stiff setae (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72FAA9820FB540ABD" box="[1158,1254,1917,1941]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD72FDD9820FA870ABD" box="[1265,1333,1917,1941]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-93@7.[113,1451,189,1476]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Left ambulatory legs. A–C, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; D–G, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; H–K, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, D, H, first ambulatory leg; B, E, I, second ambulatory leg; C, F, J, third ambulatory leg; G, K, fourth ambulatory leg. Legs of all species to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355317/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">5A–C</figureCitation>
). Dactylus of third and fourth legs 0.7 and 0.8 times length of propodus, respectively, tip gently curved distally, terminating in acute calcareous tip, dorsal and ventral margins with short stiff setae (
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD728A598A0FC59053D" box="[905,1003,2045,2069]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="948431C59353FFD728D498A0FB8E053D" box="[1016,1084,2045,2069]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-93@7.[113,1451,189,1476]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Left ambulatory legs. A–C, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; D–G, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; H–K, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, D, H, first ambulatory leg; B, E, I, second ambulatory leg; C, F, J, third ambulatory leg; G, K, fourth ambulatory leg. Legs of all species to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355317/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">5B, C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="58C07DC89352FFD62B5D98F7FB2E0AD2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" startId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" targetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="0C002D409352FFD62B5D98F7FB2E0AD2" blockId="3.[113,1451,1962,2042]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">
Fig. 2. 
<taxonomicName id="CBBF56C39352FFD62B9498F6FDE70AE8" authority="(Rathbun, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[184,597,1962,1984]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Parasesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinense">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529352FFD62B9498F6FE1D0A97" box="[184,431,1962,1984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">Parasesarma carolinense</emphasis>
(Rathbun, 1914)
</taxonomicName>
, holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0C002D409355FFD12BA49FE0FEE20F3D" blockId="4.[136,776,189,533]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
Surface of thoracic sternites 1–4 smooth; sternites 1–3 completely fused, without trace of sutures; separated from sternite 4 by deep suture (
<figureCitation id="948431C59355FFD12A959FA0FDA40C3D" box="[441,534,253,277]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Male sternopleonal cavity reaching suture between sternites 3, 4. Male pleon relatively broad, all somites free; telson triangular with strongly convex lateral margins, ca. 1.5 times length of pleonal somite 6; somite 6 almost twice as wide as long, lateral margins strongly convex; somites 3–5 progressively more trapezoidal; somites 1, 2 very narrow longitudinally; reaching coxa of fourth ambulatory leg, sternite 8 completely covered (
<figureCitation id="948431C59355FFD12BC19EA0FEF00F3D" box="[237,322,509,533]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[189,1437,184,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@8.[189,1437,184,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. A–F, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; G–M, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; N–T, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, G, N, left third maxilliped; B, H, male pleon; O, male pleon (somites 1 and 3 broken); C, P, ventral view of left G1; D, Q, dorsal view of left G1; E, ventral view of right G1; F, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); I, ventral view of right G1; J, dorsal view of right G1; K, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); L, distal chitinous part of right G1 (dorsal view); M, right G2; R, distal chitinous part of left G1 (ventral view); S, distal chitinous part of left G1 (dorsal view); T, left G2. Setae for all structures denuded. Scale bars = 0.5 mm [A–E, G–J, M–Q, T]; 0.1 mm [F, K, L, R, S]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355319/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C002D409355FFD12BA69D60FEE60F9D" blockId="4.[136,777,573,693]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
G1 relatively slender, straight; apical process bent to form an angle of about 80° from the vertical, chitinous distal part long, aperture terminal (
<figureCitation id="948431C59355FFD12AEE9D20FD870FBD" box="[450,565,637,661]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[189,1437,184,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@8.[189,1437,184,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. A–F, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; G–M, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; N–T, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, G, N, left third maxilliped; B, H, male pleon; O, male pleon (somites 1 and 3 broken); C, P, ventral view of left G1; D, Q, dorsal view of left G1; E, ventral view of right G1; F, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); I, ventral view of right G1; J, dorsal view of right G1; K, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); L, distal chitinous part of right G1 (dorsal view); M, right G2; R, distal chitinous part of left G1 (ventral view); S, distal chitinous part of left G1 (dorsal view); T, left G2. Setae for all structures denuded. Scale bars = 0.5 mm [A–E, G–J, M–Q, T]; 0.1 mm [F, K, L, R, S]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355319/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Fig. 6C–F</figureCitation>
). G2 short, about a third length of G1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C002D409355FFD12BA49D80FE010FDD" blockId="4.[136,435,733,757]" box="[136,435,733,757]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529355FFD12BA49D80FE980FDD" bold="true" box="[136,298,733,757]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Colour in life.</emphasis>
Not known.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C002D409355FFD12BA49C40FEDD0E1D" blockId="4.[136,367,797,821]" box="[136,367,797,821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529355FFD12BA49C40FF540E1D" bold="true" box="[136,230,797,821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Habitat.</emphasis>
Not known.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44A57ECB9355FFD12BA49C00FE6E09BD" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0C002D409355FFD12BA49C00FE1A093D" blockId="4.[136,777,861,1045]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529355FFD12BA49C00FF4A0E5D" bold="true" box="[136,248,861,885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Remarks.</emphasis>
The left third maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="948431C59355FFD129069C00FD300E5D" box="[554,642,861,885]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[189,1437,184,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@8.[189,1437,184,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. A–F, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; G–M, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; N–T, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, G, N, left third maxilliped; B, H, male pleon; O, male pleon (somites 1 and 3 broken); C, P, ventral view of left G1; D, Q, dorsal view of left G1; E, ventral view of right G1; F, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); I, ventral view of right G1; J, dorsal view of right G1; K, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); L, distal chitinous part of right G1 (dorsal view); M, right G2; R, distal chitinous part of left G1 (ventral view); S, distal chitinous part of left G1 (dorsal view); T, left G2. Setae for all structures denuded. Scale bars = 0.5 mm [A–E, G–J, M–Q, T]; 0.1 mm [F, K, L, R, S]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355319/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
) appears to be abberant, with the ischium relatively short. On the right third maxilliped, the ischium is proportionately longer (
<figureCitation id="948431C59355FFD129F19CC0FF1B0EFD" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,148,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-78@3.[113,1451,262,1947]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands. A, overall habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, third maxillipeds; F, dorsal view of left cheliped; G, dorsal view of right cheliped; H, outer view of left chela; I, dactylar tubercles of left chela." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355311/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
). The right third maxilliped structure of 
<taxonomicName id="CBBF56C39355FFD129469CE3FCB40EFD" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[618,774,957,981]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Parasesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinense">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529355FFD129469CE3FCB40EFD" box="[618,774,957,981]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">P. carolinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
agrees well with those of 
<taxonomicName id="CBBF56C39355FFD12A879C83FD850EDD" box="[427,567,989,1013]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Parasesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sigillatum">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529355FFD12A879C83FD850EDD" box="[427,567,989,1013]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">P. sigillatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="CBBF56C39355FFD1295E9C83FCB50EDD" authorityName="Ng &amp; Davie &amp; Li" authorityYear="2016" box="[626,775,989,1013]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Parasesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corallicum">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529355FFD1295E9C83FCB50EDD" box="[626,775,989,1013]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">P. corallicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="948431C59355FFD12BBC9CA0FEB8093D" box="[144,266,1021,1045]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[135,170,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[189,1437,184,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@8.[189,1437,184,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6. A–F, Parasesarma carolinense (Rathbun, 1914), holotype male (9.2 × 7.0 mm) (USNM 32861), Caroline Islands; G–M, Parasesarma sigillatum (Tweedie, 1950), male (9.5 × 6.8 mm) (ZRC 1965.8.2.269), Cocos-Keeling Island; N–T, Parasesarma corallicum n. sp., holotype male (9.5 × 7.0 mm) (NMMBCD 4697), Taiwan. A, G, N, left third maxilliped; B, H, male pleon; O, male pleon (somites 1 and 3 broken); C, P, ventral view of left G1; D, Q, dorsal view of left G1; E, ventral view of right G1; F, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); I, ventral view of right G1; J, dorsal view of right G1; K, distal chitinous part of right G1 (ventral view); L, distal chitinous part of right G1 (dorsal view); M, right G2; R, distal chitinous part of left G1 (ventral view); S, distal chitinous part of left G1 (dorsal view); T, left G2. Setae for all structures denuded. Scale bars = 0.5 mm [A–E, G–J, M–Q, T]; 0.1 mm [F, K, L, R, S]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5355319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5355319/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Fig. 6G, N</figureCitation>
), respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C002D409355FFD12BA49B60FE6E09BD" blockId="4.[136,775,1085,1173]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
The species is known only from the 
<typeStatus id="D30493E29355FFD129039B60FD3D097D" box="[559,655,1085,1109]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen. Comparisons with 
<taxonomicName id="CBBF56C39355FFD12A719B03FE59095D" box="[349,491,1117,1141]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Parasesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sigillatum">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529355FFD12A719B03FE59095D" box="[349,491,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">P. sigillatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="CBBF56C39355FFD1290B9B03FD0D095D" authority="Ng &amp; Davie &amp; Li, 2016" authorityName="Ng &amp; Davie &amp; Li" authorityYear="2016" box="[551,703,1117,1141]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Parasesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corallicum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3ECBF1529355FFD1290B9B03FD0D095D" box="[551,703,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">P. corallicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="25F84C299355FFD129E59B03FCB5095D" box="[713,775,1118,1141]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are provided in the Discussion.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>