148 lines
16 KiB
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148 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="8D25B0D2A8A2520AEFEF214AE5EC0285" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.185153" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0b5ad8cc-9b48-4700-acc5-012d1707f720" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="185153" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1459966635824" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nihei, Silvio Shigueo & Carvalho, Claudio José Barros De" docDate="2009" docId="E60987AB241FE17D9686FBBBFB3AF16D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01976p024.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1976" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@2814bb39" docStyleName="zootaxa.2007.monograph" docTitle="Polietes Rondani 1866" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="1A30FFD3240EE16C9611FFBDFF97F67C" masterDocTitle="The Muscini flies of the world (Diptera, Muscidae): identification key and generic diagnoses" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698231170040" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="8D1E183518CDB79169E7B1AEDD2F9AC5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9461BDF55296BB6B864EE4D49D4AE1B6">
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<mods:title id="8C2A2AB60DD2CCB519252719A5424FB9">The Muscini flies of the world (Diptera, Muscidae): identification key and generic diagnoses</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5882C9CAF572E2465C8A0C01974039B2" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="349F0E21FC41097AE087E95D5290F778">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E84CCDEDEADDEDED8AF90F516AB2E526">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="44B0304999A6CB347AF34C2FC78C8894">Nihei, Silvio Shigueo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="9DFDDB8B56BF167104DE81C8877DE4EF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A451BB2A38B44EFB016696564BE4C8E8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7F564BD96951651A0C9EB42F76669923">Carvalho, Claudio José Barros De</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="80678FA614A426AB494EE85857B5A96D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="03C9E9D22EC50CD2A0A5CB9C8336994B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="3D9B1A4B26047C29A86712A6D0BE77DC">
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<mods:date id="266EE342E0AD204F0B4684C58ED3DDFF">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="59BFFCA75FB2C62E18C863356854F047" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="945AD54D66D95B85BFFABB8B95F734CC">1976</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="DE58DE3D2ADBC3D11B8D13CC965843B0">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="AB02C3AFAC2F1DBEF448E883DEA27D9E">24</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="BE9B65A5EC7375F9AA3D9E5689043C42">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8ADA70276B1039F230724C836D39A8E7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.185153</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="49E1427E983550AF0EC4FC1572B64F7C" type="GBIF-Dataset">0b5ad8cc-9b48-4700-acc5-012d1707f720</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C7C5893351B904F271941B2514EB7D3D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="00F8DD0668B58A77FAF4F54E71E1DF26" type="Zenodo-Dep">185153</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E60987AB241FE17D9686FBBBFB3AF16D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5658517" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119377408" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5658517" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E60987AB241FE17D9686FBBBFB3AF16D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E60987AB241FE17D9686FBBBFB3AF16D" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="26BA6536241FE17D9686FBBBFE26F25C" box="[151,433,1030,1056]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6E1F36BD241FE17D9686FBBBFE26F25C" blockId="17.[151,433,1030,1056]" box="[151,433,1030,1056]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="355781D1241FE17D9686FBBBFE26F25C" bold="true" box="[151,433,1030,1056]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D9686FBBBFE26F25C" ID-CoL="6TSK" ID-ENA="559702" authority="Rondani, 1866" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,433,1030,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Polietes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D9686FBBBFE26F25C" bold="true" box="[151,433,1030,1056]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D9686FBBBFF61F25C" bold="true" box="[151,246,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Polietes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D96EDFBBBFE26F25C" author="Rondani" box="[252,433,1030,1056]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" refString="Rondani, C. (1866) Anthomyiidae italicae collectae distinctae et in ordinem dispositae. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 9, 68 - 217." type="journal article" year="1866">Rondani, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="26BA6536241FE17D9686FBECFC21F214" box="[151,950,1105,1128]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6E1F36BD241FE17D9686FBECFC21F214" blockId="17.[151,950,1105,1128]" box="[151,950,1105,1128]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="4EB01193241FE17D9686FBECFC21F214" box="[151,950,1105,1128]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D9686FBECFE2BF214" ID-CoL="6TSK" authority="Rondani, 1866: 71" authorityName="Rondani" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,444,1105,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Polietes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D9686FBECFF7AF214" box="[151,237,1105,1128]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Polietes</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="EF0110AC241FE17D96E2FBECFE2BF214" author="Rondani" box="[243,444,1105,1128]" page="71" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1866">
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D96E2FBECFE04F214" author="Rondani" box="[243,403,1105,1128]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" refString="Rondani, C. (1866) Anthomyiidae italicae collectae distinctae et in ordinem dispositae. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 9, 68 - 217." type="journal article" year="1866">Rondani, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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: 71
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="B11B881F241FE17D97D7FBECFE6CF214" box="[454,507,1105,1128]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D944CFBECFC24F214" authority="Fabricius, 1781" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1781" box="[605,947,1105,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lardaria">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D944CFBECFC95F214" box="[605,770,1105,1128]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Musca lardaria</emphasis>
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Fabricius, 1781
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="26BA6536241FE17D9686FB25FC44F3DA" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="6E1F36BD241FE17D9686FB25FC44F3DA" blockId="17.[151,1436,1176,1809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D9686FB25FE80F2CE" bold="true" box="[151,279,1176,1202]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Colouration blackish with dense silver pruinosity; wing without maculae. Female with proclinate fronto-orbital seta; parafrons setulose along its entire length; interfrontal seta present; frontal vitta setulose on upper half. Presutural acrostichals developed; 3 postsutural pairs. Dorsocentrals 3+4. Postsutural intra-alars 2- 3; intrapostalar absent. Notopleurals 2 (there is an additional posterior seta in
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D9221FAACFA85F357" authority="Harris" authorityName="Harris" box="[1072,1298,1297,1323]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Polietes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domitor">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D9221FAACFB3DF356" box="[1072,1194,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. domitor</emphasis>
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(Harris)
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</taxonomicName>
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, as in some
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D9686FA84FEBDF32E" box="[151,298,1337,1362]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Mesembrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D9686FA84FEBDF32E" box="[151,298,1337,1362]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mesembrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp.). Prosternum setulose or bare. Katepisternals 1+1-3. Posterior spiracle usually bare on posterior margin. Vein R4+5 setulose or not dorsally and usually bare ventrally; M straight forward, subparallel to R4+5. Lower calypter glossiform. Subcostal sclerite bare. Calcar strong.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="26BA6536241FE17D96D4FA0BFB1BF0E5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="6E1F36BD241FE17D96D4FA0BFB1BF0E5" blockId="17.[151,1436,1176,1809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D96D4FA0BFEC3F3AC" bold="true" box="[197,340,1462,1488]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Comments.</emphasis>
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The monophyly of
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D942FFA0AFD0BF3AC" box="[574,668,1463,1488]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Polietes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D942FFA0AFD0BF3AC" box="[574,668,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Polietes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was not supported by Nihei and de
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D9255FA0AFA81F3AD" author="Carvalho" box="[1092,1302,1463,1489]" pageId="17" pageNumber="22" refString="Nihei, S. S. & de Carvalho, C. J. B. (2007 a) Phylogeny and classification of Muscini (Diptera, Muscidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 149, 493 - 532." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Carvalho (2007a)</bibRefCitation>
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. Except for
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D9686FA62FEBDF384" box="[151,298,1503,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Mesembrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D9686FA62FEBDF384" box="[151,298,1503,1528]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mesembrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, all
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D974DFA62FE2BF385" box="[348,444,1503,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Muscini">Muscini</taxonomicName>
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genera were nested within
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D94ECFA62FCCCF384" box="[765,859,1503,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Polietes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D94ECFA62FCCCF384" box="[765,859,1503,1528]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Polietes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. This genus is traditionally diagnosed and recognized as the only Holarctic genus with glossiform lower calypter and vein M running straight toward the apex of wing, but these are two plesiomorphic non-grouping characters (Nihei & de
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D9226F992FB63F035" author="Carvalho" box="[1079,1268,1583,1609]" pageId="17" pageNumber="22" refString="Nihei, S. S. & de Carvalho, C. J. B. (2007 a) Phylogeny and classification of Muscini (Diptera, Muscidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 149, 493 - 532." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Carvalho 2007a</bibRefCitation>
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) that are present in other
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D9735F9EAFE13F00D" box="[292,388,1623,1649]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Muscini">Muscini</taxonomicName>
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genera outside the Holartic Region. A revision and examination of all
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<taxonomicName id="A9A04D3E241FE17D92D7F9EAFAB2F00C" box="[1222,1317,1623,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Polietes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D92D7F9EAFAB2F00C" box="[1222,1317,1623,1648]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Polietes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species is required before considering the break up of the genus into smaller monophyletic units.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="26BA6536241FE17D96D4F91BFC04F0BD" box="[197,915,1702,1729]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="6E1F36BD241FE17D96D4F91BFC04F0BD" blockId="17.[151,1436,1176,1809]" box="[197,915,1702,1729]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D96D4F91BFEC9F0BC" bold="true" box="[197,350,1702,1728]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution</emphasis>
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(11 species). Nearctic, Oriental and Palaearctic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="26BA6536241FE17D96D4F973FB3AF16D" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6E1F36BD241FE17D96D4F973FB3AF16D" blockId="17.[151,1436,1176,1809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="5CD4EAAF241FE17D96D4F973FEC2F094" bold="true" box="[197,341,1742,1768]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">References.</emphasis>
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Oriental species:
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D943BF972FD41F095" author="Emden" box="[554,726,1743,1769]" pageId="17" pageNumber="21" refString="Emden, F. I. van (1965) Diptera. Vol. 7. Muscidae, Part 1. In: Sewell, R. B. S. & Roonwal, M. L. (Eds), The Fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 647 pp." type="book" year="1965">Emden (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D94F2F972FC72F095" author="Xue" box="[739,997,1743,1769]" pageId="17" pageNumber="24" refString="Xue, W. & Chao, C., eds. (1998) Flies of China. Vol. 1. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang, 1365 pp." type="book" year="1998">Xue and Chao (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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; Palaearctic:
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D9293F972FAA2F095" author="Hennig" box="[1154,1333,1743,1769]" pageId="17" pageNumber="22" refString="Hennig, W. (1963 a) 63 b. Muscidae. Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, 7 (Lieferung 241), 865 - 912." type="journal article" year="1963" yearSuffix="a">Hennig (1963a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D9353F972FA18F095" author="Hennig" box="[1346,1423,1743,1769]" pageId="17" pageNumber="22" refString="Hennig, W. (1963 b) 63 b. Muscidae. Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, 7 (Lieferung 242), 913 - 960." type="journal article" year="1963" yearSuffix="b">1963b</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D9686F94AFE52F16D" author="Peris" box="[151,453,1783,1809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" refString="Peris, S. V. & Llorente, V. (1963) Notas sobre Muscini palearticos y revision de las especies espanolas (Diptera, Muscidae). Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Seccion Biologica), 61, 209 - 269." type="journal article" year="1963">Peris and Llorente (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D97C0F94AFD46F16D" author="Xue" box="[465,721,1783,1809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="24" refString="Xue, W. & Chao, C., eds. (1998) Flies of China. Vol. 1. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang, 1365 pp." type="book" year="1998">Xue and Chao (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D94CCF94AFC5FF16D" box="[733,968,1783,1809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="22" refString="Gregor, F., Rozkosny, R., Bartak, M. & Vanhara, J. (2002) The Muscidae (Diptera) of Central Europe. Folia Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis (Biologia), 107, 1 - 280." type="journal article">Gregor et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="0A314B4C241FE17D95C4F94AFB3EF16D" author="Shinonaga" box="[981,1193,1783,1809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" refString="Shinonaga, S. (2003) A monograph of the Muscidae of Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 347 pp." type="book" year="2003">Shinonaga (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |