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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6462221" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5a008645-a03c-45a2-99de-2b8878f6ba10" ID-ISSN="2073-2333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6462221" checkinTime="1649699808392" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Koretsky, I., Rahmat, S. &amp; Peters, N." docDate="2014" docId="03D087B7D175FFC668F72FCEFBA2FCDE" docLanguage="en" docName="VestnikZoologii.48.5.419-432.pdf" docOrigin="Vestnik Zoologii 48 (5)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2014-0050" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368.2:VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368" docStyleName="VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Gryphoca Van Beneden 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="424" masterDocId="FFE9FFCFD171FFC368512A71FFC7FFF7" masterDocTitle="Rare Late Miocene Seal Taxa (Carnivora, Phocidae) From The North Sea Basin" masterLastPageNumber="432" masterPageNumber="419" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" updateTime="1649968491662" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title>Rare Late Miocene Seal Taxa (Carnivora, Phocidae) From The North Sea Basin</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Koretsky, I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Rahmat, S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Peters, N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Vestnik Zoologii</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2014-10-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number>48</mods:number>
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<subSubSection box="[166,603,1471,1498]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="4.[166,603,1471,1498]" box="[166,603,1471,1498]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
<heading box="[166,603,1471,1498]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" reason="4">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[166,244,1471,1497]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Genus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Van Beneden, 1877" authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[251,603,1471,1498]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[251,369,1471,1498]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Van Beneden, P. J." box="[375,603,1471,1498]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref10746" refString="Van Beneden, P. J. Description des ossements fossiles des environs d'Anvers, 1. Pinnipedes ou amphitheriens // Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, Annales. - 1877. - 1. - P. 1 - 88." type="book chapter" year="1877">Van Beneden, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="423" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="4.[166,1225,1528,1683]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
<bibRefCitation author="Van Beneden, P. J." box="[166,233,1528,1550]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" pagination="783 - 802" refId="ref10666" refString="Van Beneden, P. J. Les phoques fossiles du bassin d'Anvers // Bulletins de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique - 1876 a. - 41. - P. 783 - 802." type="book chapter" year="1876">1876 a</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[242,334,1528,1549]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[242,334,1528,1549]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Van Beneden: 798 (nom. nud.); *1877
<taxonomicName authority="Van Beneden" authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[767,1004,1528,1550]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[767,859,1528,1549]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
Van Beneden
</taxonomicName>
: 69, atlas pl. 13; 1897
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[166,258,1555,1576]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[166,258,1555,1576]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectingRegion box="[290,349,1555,1577]" country="Russia" name="Tula" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Toula</collectingRegion>
: 52, 55; 1897
<taxonomicName authority="" box="[475,704,1555,1577]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Halichoerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Gryphoca">
<emphasis box="[475,694,1555,1576]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Halichoerus (Gryphoca</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
: Trouessart, p. 382; 1909
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[945,1037,1555,1576]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[945,1037,1555,1576]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Dollo: 118; 1922
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[166,258,1582,1603]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[166,258,1582,1603]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Kellogg: 115; 1945
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[484,576,1582,1603]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[484,576,1582,1603]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Simpson: 122; 1947
<taxonomicName authority="" box="[812,1044,1581,1603]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Halichoerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Gryphoca">
<emphasis box="[812,1034,1582,1603]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Halichoerus (Gryphoca</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
: Friant, p. 6; 1958
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[166,258,1608,1629]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[166,258,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Misonne: 22; 1964
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[475,567,1608,1629]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[475,567,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— King: 131; 1977
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[757,849,1608,1629]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[757,849,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Ray: 394; 1983
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[1028,1120,1608,1629]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1028,1120,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Savage, Russell: 294; 1992
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[341,433,1635,1656]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[341,433,1635,1656]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Muizon: 36; 1997
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[636,728,1635,1656]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[636,728,1635,1656]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— McKenna, Bell: 258; 2008
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[1008,1100,1635,1656]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1008,1100,1635,1656]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Koretsky, Ray: 8990.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="424" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="4.[166,1225,1717,1839]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
<materialsCitation country="Belgium" location="Borgerhout" municipality="Antwerp area" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
T y p e s p e c i e s a n d l o c a l i t y:
<taxonomicName authority="Van Beneden, 1877" authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[653,1105,1717,1743]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="similis">
<originalDetermination box="[653,1105,1717,1743]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
<emphasis box="[653,852,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca similis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Van Beneden, P. J." box="[864,1105,1717,1743]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref10746" refString="Van Beneden, P. J. Description des ossements fossiles des environs d'Anvers, 1. Pinnipedes ou amphitheriens // Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, Annales. - 1877. - 1. - P. 1 - 88." type="book chapter" year="1877">Van Beneden, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</originalDetermination>
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus box="[1121,1224,1717,1743]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">holotype</typeStatus>
from the 3rd section of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087B7D175FFC668F72FCEFBA2FCDE:8EA6607AD175FFC769EA2CA4FD82F918" box="[443,581,1749,1775]" country="Belgium" municipality="Antwerp area" name="Borgerhout" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Borgerhout</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[591,753,1749,1775]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Antwerp area</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry box="[765,867,1749,1775]" name="Belgium" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Belgium</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[166,1225,1717,1839]" lastBlockId="5.[174,1233,175,810]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="424" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
S t r a t i g r a p h i c a l r a n g e. Apart from the
<typeStatus box="[744,793,1781,1807]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[916,1103,1781,1807]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis box="[916,1103,1781,1807]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[166,276,1813,1839]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[166,276,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Gryphoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from the Pliocene (Scaldisian) of the Antwerp area,
<collectingCountry box="[972,1071,1813,1839]" name="Belgium" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Belgium</collectingCountry>
, from the late Miocene (early-middle Tortonian, 8.011.5 ma) Gram Formation of Gram, Jutland, western
<collectingCountry box="[174,287,207,233]" name="Denmark" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Denmark</collectingCountry>
, from the late Miocene or early Pliocene of Mill-Langenboom,
<collectingCountry box="[1032,1228,207,233]" name="Netherlands" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
, and from the Pliocene (5.05.8 ma) Yorktown Formation, eastern
<collectingCountry box="[934,1090,239,265]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">United States</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,175,810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
R e f e r r e d m a t e r i a l. Humeri, scapula, innominate, femora, tibia and fibula from the Antwerp area,
<collectingCountry box="[471,572,303,329]" name="Belgium" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Belgium</collectingCountry>
, from western
<collectingCountry box="[758,873,303,329]" name="Denmark" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Denmark</collectingCountry>
, from Mill-Langenboom,
<collectingCountry name="Netherlands" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
, and from the eastern
<collectingCountry box="[583,740,335,361]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">United States</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A. &amp; Ray, C. E." box="[755,995,335,362]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" pagination="81 - 140" refId="ref9574" refString="Koretsky, I. A., Ray, C. E. Phocidae of the Pliocene of eastern USA // Geology and paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina IV / Eds C. E. Ray, D. A. Bohaska, I. A. Koretsky et al. - Virginia Museum of Natural History, 2008. - 15 (Special Publication). - P. 81 - 140." type="book chapter" year="2008">Koretsky, Ray, 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,175,810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
E m e n d e d d i a g n o s i s. Phocine of medium size similar to modern
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1791" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Halichoerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grypus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Halichoerus grypus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Deltoid crest of humerus short, narrow, and thin, terminating about 1/2 length of bone; its distal end gently broadening and somewhat overhanging the bone; lesser tubercle located slightly above head and proximal part of deltoid crest; intertubercular groove narrow and deep; medial epicondyle reaches distal end of deltoid crest; entepicondylar foramen present. Femoral greater trochanter higher than head; minimal width of shaft located in middle part of femur; epicondyles very thin
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,175,810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
D i s c u s s i o n. The rare taxon
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[616,815,591,617]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis box="[616,815,591,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Gryphoca similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is represented in Van Benedens collection only by a few fragmentary bones: humeri and femora, scapula, innominate, tibia and fibula. All bones show very distinctive morphological features and the same applies to the material from the eastern
<collectingCountry box="[643,801,687,713]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">United States</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A. &amp; Ray, C. E." box="[816,1057,687,714]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" pagination="81 - 140" refId="ref9574" refString="Koretsky, I. A., Ray, C. E. Phocidae of the Pliocene of eastern USA // Geology and paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina IV / Eds C. E. Ray, D. A. Bohaska, I. A. Koretsky et al. - Virginia Museum of Natural History, 2008. - 15 (Special Publication). - P. 81 - 140." type="book chapter" year="2008">Koretsky, Ray, 2008</bibRefCitation>
). Although the morphologies of the fossils from Western
<collectingCountry box="[667,779,719,745]" name="Denmark" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Denmark</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[837,1033,719,745]" name="Netherlands" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
described in this paper are very similar, the bones also differ in several aspects. Nonetheless, we are sure about the assignment of these new fossils to a new species of the genus
<emphasis box="[1005,1125,783,809]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[1005,1121,783,809]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gryphoca</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>