375 lines
35 KiB
XML
375 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6462223" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5a008645-a03c-45a2-99de-2b8878f6ba10" ID-ISSN="2073-2333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6462223" checkinTime="1649699808392" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Koretsky, I., Rahmat, S. & Peters, N." docDate="2014" docId="03D087B7D174FFC468FF293EFEFDFB5E" docLanguage="en" docName="VestnikZoologii.48.5.419-432.pdf" docOrigin="Vestnik Zoologii 48 (5)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2014-0050" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368.2:VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368" docStyleName="VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Gryphoca nordica Koretsky, Rahmat et Peters 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="426" masterDocId="FFE9FFCFD171FFC368512A71FFC7FFF7" masterDocTitle="Rare Late Miocene Seal Taxa (Carnivora, Phocidae) From The North Sea Basin" masterLastPageNumber="432" masterPageNumber="419" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" updateTime="1649968491662" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Rare Late Miocene Seal Taxa (Carnivora, Phocidae) From The North Sea Basin</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Koretsky, I.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rahmat, S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Peters, N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vestnik Zoologii</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-10-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>48</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>5</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>419</mods:start>
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<mods:end>432</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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||
<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2014-0050</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.2478/vzoo-2014-0050</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">5a008645-a03c-45a2-99de-2b8878f6ba10</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2073-2333</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6449169</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6462223" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6462223" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087B7D174FFC468FF293EFEFDFB5E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087B7D174FFC468FF293EFEFDFB5E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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<subSubSection box="[174,1155,847,874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1155,847,874]" box="[174,1155,847,874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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<heading box="[174,1155,847,874]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="Koretsky, Rahmat et Peters" authorityName="Koretsky, Rahmat et Peters" authorityYear="2014" box="[174,718,847,874]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordica" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[174,391,847,874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Gryphoca nordica</emphasis>
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Koretsky, Rahmat et Peters
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[729,811,847,873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[729,794,847,873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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</emphasis>
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рl. 2,
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<emphasis box="[875,958,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">2A–2D</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[971,1053,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">3A–3D</emphasis>
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; table 2)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="424" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,895,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="MAB" country="Netherlands" location="Oertijdmuseum de Groene Poort" municipality="Boxtel" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" specimenCode="MAB 4602" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus box="[227,370,895,922]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">H o l o t y p e</typeStatus>
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. Incomplete right humerus
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<specimenCode box="[698,824,895,921]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">MAB 4602</specimenCode>
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(pl. 2,
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<emphasis box="[904,987,895,921]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">2A–2D</emphasis>
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),
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087B7D174FFC468FF293EFEFDFB5E:8EA6607AD174FFC66BA3290EFE96FC4D" country="Netherlands" municipality="Boxtel" name="Oertijdmuseum de Groene Poort" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Oertijdmuseum de Groene Poort</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[348,425,927,953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Boxtel</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[436,635,927,953]" name="Netherlands" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,895,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="MAB" location="All in Oertijdmuseum de Groene Poort" municipality="Boxtel" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" specimenCode="MAB 4604, MAB 4700, MAB 460" specimenCount="1">
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P a r a t y p e s. From the
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<typeStatus box="[510,560,960,986]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<emphasis box="[669,804,959,985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">R. humerus</emphasis>
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(distal half)
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<specimenCode box="[956,1087,959,985]" collectionCode="MAB" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">MAB 4604</specimenCode>
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;
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<emphasis box="[1100,1232,959,985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">L. humerus</emphasis>
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(distal half)
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<specimenCode box="[321,452,991,1017]" collectionCode="MAB" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">MAB 4700</specimenCode>
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;
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<emphasis box="[466,599,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">L. humerus</emphasis>
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(proximal half)
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<specimenCode box="[799,917,991,1017]" collectionCode="MAB" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">MAB 460</specimenCode>
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.
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087B7D174FFC468FF293EFEFDFB5E:8EA6607AD174FFC66BF329AEFE96FBED" municipality="Boxtel" name="All in Oertijdmuseum de Groene Poort" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">All in Oertijdmuseum de Groene Poort</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[348,423,1023,1049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Boxtel</collectingMunicipality>
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(51.61°36' N, 5.32°19' E)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,895,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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From Gram, claypit of Gram Teglvaerk, Jutland,
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<collectingCountry box="[805,920,1055,1081]" name="Denmark" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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, marine Gram Formation:
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<emphasis box="[174,312,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">R. humerus</emphasis>
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MSM
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<date box="[401,485,1087,1113]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" value="1404-10-01">1404x1</date>
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(pl. 2,
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<emphasis box="[580,662,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">3A–3D</emphasis>
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); L. femur (distal part) MSM
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<date box="[1040,1126,1087,1113]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" value="1004-10-01">1004x1</date>
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; both in MidtsØnderjyllands Museum, Gram Slot,
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<collectingCountry box="[663,779,1119,1145]" name="Denmark" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,895,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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T y p e l o c a l i t y. Underwater sandpit “de Kuilen”, Mill-Langenboom, province of Noord
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<collectingRegion box="[259,355,1183,1209]" country="Netherlands" name="Noord-Brabant" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Brabant</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[366,563,1183,1209]" name="Netherlands" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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, late Miocene — early Pliocene.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,895,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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S t r a t i g r a p h i c a l r a n g e. Late Miocene — early Pliocene of Mill-Langenboom,
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<collectingCountry box="[174,373,1247,1273]" name="Netherlands" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Wijnker, E. & Bor, T. J. & Wesselingh, F. P." box="[390,634,1247,1274]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" pagination="165 - 180" refId="ref10789" refString="Wijnker, E., Bor, T. J., Wesselingh, F. P. et al. Neogene stratigraphy of the Langenboom locality (Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands) // Netherlands J. Geosciences. - 2008. - 87. - P. 165 - 180." type="book chapter" year="2008">Wijnker et al., 2008</bibRefCitation>
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) and late Miocene (early–middle Tortonian, 8.0– 11.5 ma) of Gram, Jutland,
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<collectingCountry box="[495,607,1279,1305]" name="Denmark" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, J. & Hansen, T." box="[622,893,1279,1306]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" pagination="157 - 169" refId="ref8863" refString="Hansen, J., Hansen, T. Stratigraphy and sea-level fluctuations in the Upper Miocene Gram Formation, southwestern Denmark // Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark. - 2003. - 50. - P. 157 - 169." type="book chapter" year="2003">Hansen, Hansen, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="424" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,895,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">E t y m o l o g y. After n o r d (Danish: noun, neuter) = the North, Latinized to n o r d i c a (adj.) = from the North, referring to the northern part of Europe.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="424" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,895,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">D i a g n o s i s. Deltoid crest of humerus with ventral border very sharp and sculptured, overhanging deep spiral groove; lesser tubercle flattened, rectangular, deviates almost 45° from bone’s axis; head compressed in cranio-caudal direction; ratio of head width / head height — 97 %.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,895,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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D e s c r i p t i o n a n d c o m p a r i s o n. Postcranial elements of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Koretsky, Rahmat et Peters" authorityYear="2014" box="[1014,1232,1503,1529]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordica">
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<emphasis box="[1014,1232,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Gryphoca nordica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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belong to a medium-sized representative of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1866" box="[743,856,1535,1561]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="430" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phocinae">Phocinae</taxonomicName>
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, equivalent in size to Recent
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<emphasis box="[174,431,1567,1593]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zimmermann" baseAuthorityYear="1783" box="[174,427,1567,1593]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Histriophoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciata">Histriophoca fasciata</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Morphological characters similar to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[865,1061,1567,1593]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="similis">
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<emphasis box="[865,1061,1567,1593]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Gryphoca similis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(pl. 2,
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<emphasis box="[1138,1222,1567,1593]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">2A–2D</emphasis>
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) are: the deltoid crest is strongly developed, with its maximum width in its proximal part at the level of the lesser tubercle. The deltoid tuberosity is weakly developed, but clearly seen on the proximal part of the deltoid crest. The intertubercular groove is narrow and deep. The ventral border of the deltoid crest is very sharp and sculptured, overhanging as an anconeal crest (ac, pl. 2,
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<emphasis box="[511,546,1727,1753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">1D</emphasis>
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). The radial groove (= musculospiral groove) is strongly developed (sg, pl. 2,
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<emphasis box="[418,453,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">1D</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[174,1233,895,1850]" lastBlockId="7.[174,1233,175,1193]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
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The new species
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Koretsky, Rahmat et Peters" authorityYear="2014" box="[417,538,1791,1818]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordica">
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<emphasis box="[417,538,1791,1818]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">G. nordica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[685,877,1791,1817]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="similis">
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<emphasis box="[685,877,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Gryphoca similis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by its smaller size. In addition, the head of the humerus is compressed in the cranio-caudal direction, not round in shape. The proximal part of the deltoid crest is located at the same level as the lesser tubercle and slightly above the head. The lesser tubercle resembles a flattened rectangle, deviates almost 45° from the bone’s axis, and is situated slightly above the head, but higher than the greater tubercle.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6449173" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6449173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6449173/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" startId="6.[166,214,1183,1205]" subCaptionStartIDs="6.[166,199,1209,1231] 6.[371,398,1236,1258]" subCaptionStarts="Fig. 1 & fig. 16" targetBox="[266,1134,194,622]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[166,1225,1183,1258]" box="[166,237,1183,1205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Plate 2.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[166,1225,1183,1258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
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<figureCitation box="[166,223,1209,1231]" captionStart="Plate 1" captionStartId="3.[174,222,1510,1532]" captionTargetBox="[266,1108,462,988]" captionTargetId="figure-141@3.[266,1108,459,1496]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Plate 1. Fig. 1. Pontophoca sarmatica, right femur; Kishinev, Moldavia (Middle Miocene, middle Sarmatian); аfter Koretsky, Grigorescu (2002: fig. 3); USNM 214980: 1A — cranial; 1B — caudal view. Рис. 1. Pontophoca sarmatica, правая бедренная кость; Кишинев, Молдова (средний миоцен, средний сармат); по: Koretsky, Grigorescu (2002: рис. 3); USNM 214980: 1A — вид спереди; 1B — вид сзади." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6462207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6462207/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[238,400,1209,1230]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[238,400,1209,1230]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Gryphoca similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, left humerus. Lee Creek Mine Yorktown Formation (Pliocene, 5.0–5.8 ma); аfter
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A. & Ray, C. E." box="[166,362,1236,1258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" pagination="81 - 140" refId="ref9574" refString="Koretsky, I. A., Ray, C. E. Phocidae of the Pliocene of eastern USA // Geology and paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina IV / Eds C. E. Ray, D. A. Bohaska, I. A. Koretsky et al. - Virginia Museum of Natural History, 2008. - 15 (Special Publication). - P. 81 - 140." type="book chapter" year="2008">Koretsky, Ray (2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 16–18); USNM 263625:
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<emphasis box="[637,665,1236,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">1A</emphasis>
|
||
— caudal;
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||
<emphasis box="[766,792,1236,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">1B</emphasis>
|
||
— cranial;
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||
<emphasis box="[901,928,1236,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">1C</emphasis>
|
||
— medial;
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||
<emphasis box="[1037,1066,1236,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">1D</emphasis>
|
||
— lateral view.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6449173" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6449173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6449173/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" startId="6.[166,214,1183,1205]" subCaptionStartIDs="6.[166,199,1209,1231] 6.[371,398,1236,1258]" subCaptionStarts="Fig. 1 & fig. 16" targetBox="[250,1128,632,934]" targetPageId="6">
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||
<paragraph blockId="6.[166,1225,1279,1354]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
Fig. 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Koretsky & Rahmat & Peters, 2014" authorityName="Koretsky & Rahmat & Peters" authorityYear="2014" box="[229,399,1279,1300]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordica" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[229,399,1279,1300]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Gryphoca nordica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[404,455,1279,1301]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype, incomplete right humerus (reversed); underwater sandpit ‘de Kuilen’, Mill-Langenboom, province of Noord Brabant, The Netherlands (late Miocene); Oertijdmuseum de Groene Poort, Boxtel; MAB 4602:
|
||
<emphasis box="[418,446,1332,1353]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">2A</emphasis>
|
||
— caudal;
|
||
<emphasis box="[552,578,1332,1353]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">2B</emphasis>
|
||
— cranial;
|
||
<emphasis box="[687,714,1332,1353]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">2C</emphasis>
|
||
— medial;
|
||
<emphasis box="[823,852,1332,1353]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">2D</emphasis>
|
||
: lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6462211" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6462211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6462211/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" startId="6.[166,199,1375,1397]" targetBox="[248,1142,938,1168]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[166,1226,1375,1477]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
Fig. 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Koretsky & Rahmat & Peters, 2014" authorityName="Koretsky & Rahmat & Peters" authorityYear="2014" box="[230,401,1375,1396]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordica" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[230,401,1375,1396]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Gryphoca nordica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[406,458,1375,1397]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, paratype, proximal part of right humerus (reversed); Gram, Jutland, Denmark. Clay pit of Gram Teglvaerk, Gram Formation (late Miocene, early-middle Tortonian, 8.0–11.5 ma); MSM 1404x1 (cast in Geological Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark):
|
||
<emphasis box="[764,792,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">3A</emphasis>
|
||
— caudal;
|
||
<emphasis box="[898,923,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">3B</emphasis>
|
||
— cranial;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1033,1060,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">3C</emphasis>
|
||
— medial;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1169,1197,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">3D</emphasis>
|
||
— lateral view. Abbreviations: ac — anconeal crest; rf — radial fossa; sg — spiral groove.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[166,1225,1497,1573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
Рис. 1.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[235,393,1497,1518]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[235,393,1497,1518]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Gryphoca similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, левая плечевая кость из Ли-Крик, формация Йорктаун (плиоцен, 5.0–5.8 млн лет назад); по:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A. & Ray, C. E." box="[278,475,1524,1546]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" pagination="81 - 140" refId="ref9574" refString="Koretsky, I. A., Ray, C. E. Phocidae of the Pliocene of eastern USA // Geology and paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina IV / Eds C. E. Ray, D. A. Bohaska, I. A. Koretsky et al. - Virginia Museum of Natural History, 2008. - 15 (Special Publication). - P. 81 - 140." type="book chapter" year="2008">Koretsky, Ray (2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: рис. 16–18); USNM 263625:
|
||
<emphasis box="[763,791,1524,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">1A</emphasis>
|
||
— вид спереди;
|
||
<emphasis box="[959,985,1524,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">1B</emphasis>
|
||
— вид сзади;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1128,1154,1524,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">1C</emphasis>
|
||
— вид с медиальной стороны;
|
||
<emphasis box="[409,437,1551,1572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">1D</emphasis>
|
||
— вид с латеральной стороны.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[166,1225,1593,1695]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
Рис. 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Koretsky & Rahmat & Peters, 2014" authorityName="Koretsky & Rahmat & Peters" authorityYear="2014" box="[237,407,1593,1614]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordica" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[237,407,1593,1614]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Gryphoca nordica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[413,465,1593,1615]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, голотип, неполная правая бедренная кость (перевернута); песчаный подводный карьер «Де-Кёйлен», Милл-Лангенбом, провинция
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[798,1119,1620,1642]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Северный Брабант, Голландия</collectingRegion>
|
||
(поздний миоцен); Доисторический музей Груне-Порт, Бокстел;
|
||
<specimenCode box="[738,846,1647,1669]" collectionCode="MAB" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">MAB 4602</specimenCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis box="[856,883,1647,1668]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">2A</emphasis>
|
||
— вид сзади;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1032,1058,1647,1668]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">2B</emphasis>
|
||
— вид спереди;
|
||
<emphasis box="[166,193,1673,1694]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">2C</emphasis>
|
||
— вид с медиальной стороны;
|
||
<emphasis box="[511,540,1673,1694]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">2D</emphasis>
|
||
— вид с латеральной стороны.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[166,1225,1716,1845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
Рис. 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Koretsky & Rahmat & Peters, 2014" authorityName="Koretsky & Rahmat & Peters" authorityYear="2014" box="[248,424,1716,1737]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordica" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[248,424,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Gryphoca nordica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[434,492,1716,1738]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, паратип, проксимальная часть правой плечевой кости (перевернута); Грам, Ютландия,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[393,460,1743,1765]" name="Denmark" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Дания</collectingCountry>
|
||
; карьер Грамского кирпичного завода, грамская свита (поздний миоцен, верхний-средний тортон, 8,0–11,5 млн лет назад); MSM
|
||
<date box="[738,806,1769,1791]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" value="1404-10-01">1404x1</date>
|
||
(копия из Геологического музея, Копенгаген,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[229,298,1796,1818]" name="Denmark" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Дания</collectingCountry>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis box="[313,340,1796,1817]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">3A</emphasis>
|
||
— вид сзади;
|
||
<emphasis box="[479,504,1796,1817]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">3B</emphasis>
|
||
— вид спереди;
|
||
<emphasis box="[669,697,1796,1817]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">3C</emphasis>
|
||
— вид с медиальной стороны;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1010,1038,1796,1817]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">3D</emphasis>
|
||
— вид с латеральной стороны. Сокращения: ac — локтевой гребень; rf — лучевая ямка; sg — спиральная борозда.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[174,1233,175,1193]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">The supracondylar fossa of the femur, located above the lateral condyle, is easily visible. The patellar surface is very pronounced, sharp and has a prominent outlinesculptural compared to the bone’s overall surface.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="426" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[174,1233,175,1193]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">
|
||
D i s c u s s i o n. The rare genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[585,697,399,425]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[585,697,399,425]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">Gryphoca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was introduced by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Van Beneden, P. J." box="[921,1160,399,426]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref10746" refString="Van Beneden, P. J. Description des ossements fossiles des environs d'Anvers, 1. Pinnipedes ou amphitheriens // Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, Annales. - 1877. - 1. - P. 1 - 88." type="book chapter" year="1877">Van Beneden (1877)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based on material from the Antwerp area,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[601,703,431,457]" name="Belgium" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">Belgium</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Although the genus is known to researchers by name, it appears that no one except
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ray, C. E." box="[646,775,463,490]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref10216" refString="Ray, C. E. Phoca wymani and other Tertiary seals (Mammalia: Phocidae) described from the eastern seaboard of North America // Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. - 1976. - 28. - P. 1 - 36." type="book chapter" year="1976">Ray (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
has re-examined the original material critically.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A. & Ray, C. E." box="[290,584,495,522]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" pagination="81 - 140" refId="ref9574" refString="Koretsky, I. A., Ray, C. E. Phocidae of the Pliocene of eastern USA // Geology and paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina IV / Eds C. E. Ray, D. A. Bohaska, I. A. Koretsky et al. - Virginia Museum of Natural History, 2008. - 15 (Special Publication). - P. 81 - 140." type="book chapter" year="2008">Koretsky and Ray (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
re-evaluated, described and compared West European and North American material, and proposed a diagnosis for the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[1026,1138,527,553]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1026,1138,527,553]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">Gryphoca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In this study, we assign a new, smaller species,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koretsky & Rahmat & Peters" authorityYear="2014" box="[648,771,559,586]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[648,668,560,586]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[682,771,559,585]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">nordica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[939,1051,559,585]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[939,1051,559,585]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">Gryphoca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of only a few fragmentary and rolled bones (but with very distinctive morphological features) from the late Miocene of Northern and Western Europe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[174,1233,175,1193]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087B7D174FFC468FF293EFEFDFB5E:8EA6607AD176FFC468B228E1FE86FD5D" box="[227,321,656,682]" country="Denmark" name="Because" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">Because</location>
|
||
none of the specimens in the
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[702,814,655,681]" name="Denmark" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
collection is complete, we choose the humerus from The Netherlands (with the same geological age, better preservation, and apparently the same morphology; see pl. 2,
|
||
<emphasis box="[748,831,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">2A–2D</emphasis>
|
||
, and table 2) as the best available
|
||
<typeStatus box="[174,280,751,777]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[174,1233,175,1193]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">
|
||
The fragmentary remains, as well as the lack of further postcranial elements, may raise some doubts about their assignment to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[826,938,815,841]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[826,938,815,841]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">Gryphoca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the preserved material (four humeri and a femur) and previous publications based on the Western European and eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[439,597,879,905]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
material (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Van Beneden, P. J." box="[716,893,879,905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref10746" refString="Van Beneden, P. J. Description des ossements fossiles des environs d'Anvers, 1. Pinnipedes ou amphitheriens // Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, Annales. - 1877. - 1. - P. 1 - 88." type="book chapter" year="1877">Beneden, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A. & Ray, C. E." box="[904,1143,879,906]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" pagination="81 - 140" refId="ref9574" refString="Koretsky, I. A., Ray, C. E. Phocidae of the Pliocene of eastern USA // Geology and paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina IV / Eds C. E. Ray, D. A. Bohaska, I. A. Koretsky et al. - Virginia Museum of Natural History, 2008. - 15 (Special Publication). - P. 81 - 140." type="book chapter" year="2008">Koretsky, Ray, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), allow, with a high degree of probability, assignment of this seal to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1877" box="[1020,1132,911,937]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Gryphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1020,1132,911,937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">Gryphoca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the introduction of a new taxon of specific rank. We think this approach is more justified than establishment of a new taxon of generic rank.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[174,1233,175,1193]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426">
|
||
Furthermore, according to the ecomorphotype hypothesis of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A." box="[964,1157,1007,1034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="426" refId="ref9287" refString="Koretsky, I. A. Morphology and systematics of Miocene Phocinae (Mammalia: Carnivora) from Paratethys and the North Atlantic Region // Geologica Hungarica. Ser. Paleontol. - 2001. - 54. - 109 p." type="book" year="2001">Koretsky (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, these bones belong to the same group (ecomorphotype V) on the basis of characters such as: lesser tubercle slightly higher than or at same level as the head of the humerus, and deviates from the bone’s axis; intertubercular groove narrow; maximum width of the deltoid crest located in its proximal part. Ecomorphological analysis is here applied on the level of alpha systematics.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |