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<document id="629B02E63A3566B178DC9603DEB2914D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5359.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10147920" ID-ZooBank="11CC5175-7CCE-453F-88EB-3490E82F4972" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1700203423776" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wanke, Dominic, Hausmann, Axel, Lee, Kyung Min, Murillo-Ramos, Leidys, Sihvonen, Pasi &amp; Rajaei, Hossein" docDate="2023" docId="D52D6D50FF9DFFDFFF6FFB27FC63D900" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5359.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5359 (1)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5359.1.1/52094" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Scopula marginepunctata" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="29141528FF83FFC0FFF8FFADFFC3DF68" masterDocTitle="Systematics and integrative taxonomic revision of the tribe Scopulini Duponchel, 1845 in Iran (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Sterrhinae)" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1700204211901" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6412F3052949E03B44E9132CF8A6A1EA">Systematics and integrative taxonomic revision of the tribe Scopulini Duponchel, 1845 in Iran (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Sterrhinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="85E62389F3E252641422748C3128946C">Wanke, Dominic</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="74499007B8479B44E23C002104B0B2DA">State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Entomology, Rosenstein &amp; D- 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. &amp; University of Hohenheim, Systematic Entomology (190 n), Garbenstr. 30, D- 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F1063A0957888C8DA639F0C648EAF01D">Hausmann, Axel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9B45292B69F566EEF4CE4ADC7D5AF242">SNSB-ZSM, Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Münchhausenstr. 21, D- 81247 Munich, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0E55BEFD2916BB4FEB26E1F8CDA8DAE7">Lee, Kyung Min</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F9B5A62310729F6217867F8EA1E96F06">Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoology Unit, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4526B710D33BC4A34709F48F0E8B6719">Murillo-Ramos, Leidys</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DCEF3D3677AB802B445A74BDD52D67AC">Grupo Biologi ́ a Evolutiva, Department of Biology, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia. Corresponding author.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3FAEB23230EB20AE5A161891FAC667C8">Sihvonen, Pasi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="515298368CCE7ABAC7BB9B06D33AE338">Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoology Unit, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A6AFBA50EE97342AADAC547B58B4FF8C">Rajaei, Hossein</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3CED97A561489145F2619D0E403FD7AF">State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Entomology, Rosenstein &amp; D- 70191 Stuttgart, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="4C16D3563F0BFA91AB1AE5F6469656D9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3ADD8B94C68883AF5F1AC0294B9D3FF4">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="D52D6D50FF9DFFDFFF6FFB27FC63D900" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D52D6D50FF9DFFDFFF6FFB27FC63D900" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D52D6D50FF9DFFDFFF6FFB27FC63D900" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<subSubSection id="159E8FCDFF9DFFDEFF6FFB27FD43DBCC" box="[151,640,1162,1189]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF6FFB27FD43DBCC" blockId="30.[151,857,1162,1225]" box="[151,640,1162,1189]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="06736B2AFF9DFFDEFF6FFB27FD43DBCC" bold="true" box="[151,640,1162,1189]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFF6FFB27FD43DBCC" ID-CoL="4VW6C" authority="(Goeze, 1781)" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[151,640,1162,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginepunctata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF6FFB27FD43DBCC" bold="true" box="[151,640,1162,1189]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF6FFB27FE0CDBCC" bold="true" box="[151,463,1162,1189]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Scopula marginepunctata</emphasis>
(Goeze, 1781)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="159E8FCDFF9DFFDEFF6FFB03FD10D9F2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF6FFB03FC9ADBA1" blockId="30.[151,857,1162,1225]" box="[151,857,1198,1225]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
(
<figureCitation id="C5BFC0C3FF9DFFDEFF67FB03FF33DBA1" box="[159,240,1198,1225]" captionStart="PLATE 7" captionStartId="52.[152,238,220,244]" captionText="PLATE 7: Figures 1–17. Wing pattern of Scopula species. 1–6: S. beckeraria (1: Iran, Kerman, Hushin, g. prep. 1052/2022 D. Wanke; 2: Iran, Khorasan, Izmansufla, g. prep. 0839/2020 D. Wanke; 3: Iran, Esfahan, Kashan, g. prep. 0820/2020 D. Wanke; 4: Iran, Khorasan, Izmansufla, g. prep. 0905/2020 D. Wanke; 5: N-Iran, [Tehran], Varamin, g. prep. 0783/2020 D. Wanke; 6: NE Iran, Khorasan, Akbarabad, g. prep. 1002/2021 D. Wanke); 7–8: S. hoerhammeri (Iran, Fars, [Komehr], 7: Paratype, g. prep. 11019, 8: g. prep. 11020); 9–10: S. incanata ([Iran], Tacht i Suleiman, 9: g. prep. 1275/2022 D. Wanke, 10: g. prep. 1277/2022 D. Wanke); 11–15: S. marginepunctata terrigena (11: Type, [Iran], Mazanderan, [Sabat-Kuh], NHMUK014173548; 12: NE Iran, Khorasan, Izmansufla, g. prep. 0840/2020 D. Wanke; 13: N Iran, Amarlu, g. prep. 0875/2020 D. Wanke; 14: Iran, Mazandaran, Gonbad Qabus, g. prep. 0904/2020 D. Wanke; 15: NW Iran, Maku, g. prep. 1049/2021 D. Wanke); 16–17: S. luridata (16: Syria, Marasch, g. prep. 1295/2022 D. Wanke; 17: W Saudi Arabia, Al-Hada, g. prep. 1292/2022 D. Wanke);. a = upperside; b = underside. Scale-bar 1 cm." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Plate 7</figureCitation>
, Figs 11–15;
<figureCitation id="C5BFC0C3FF9DFFDEFE7EFB03FE20DBA1" box="[390,483,1198,1225]" captionStart="PLATE 17" captionStartId="63.[152,238,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[229,1360,161,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-20@63.[219,1369,151,1889]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 17: Figures 1–4. Male genitalia of Scopula species. 1: S. incanata ([Iran], Tacht i Suleiman, g. prep. 1275/2022 D. Wanke); 2: S. marginepunctata terrigena (Iran, Mazandaran, Gonbad Qabus, g. prep. 0903/2020 D. Wanke); 3: S. luridata (Syria, Marasch, g. prep. 1295/2022 D. Wanke); 4: S. immutata ([Hungary], Bükk̂sd, 1246/2021 D. Wanke). a = genitalia capsule; b = aedeagus; c = 8th sternite. Scale-bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10147942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10147942/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Plate 17</figureCitation>
, Fig. 2;
<figureCitation id="C5BFC0C3FF9DFFDEFDB8FB03FD5EDBA1" box="[576,669,1198,1225]" captionStart="PLATE 25" captionStartId="71.[152,237,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[207,1381,168,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-20@71.[197,1390,151,1889]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="PLATE 25: Figures 1–5. Female genitalia of Scopula species. 1: S. incanata ([Iran], Tacht i Suleiman, g. prep. 1277/2022 D. Wanke); 2: S. marginepunctata terrigena (N-Iran, Amarlu, Rudbar, g. prep. 0875/2020 D. Wanke); 3: S. luridata ([Israel], Jaffa, g. prep. 1240/2021 D. Wanke); 4: S. immutata ([Hungary], Bükk̂sd, 1247/2021 D. Wanke); 5: S. flaccidaria (N-Iran, Bandar Pahlavi, g. prep. 1054/2021 D. Wanke); 6: S. iranaria syn. nov. of S. flaccidaria (Iran, Kerdej, g. prep. 11061). Scale-bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10147962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10147962/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Plate 25</figureCitation>
, Fig. 2; Map 10)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF6FFB5EFDCEDA42" blockId="30.[151,1437,1267,1690]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFF6FFB5EFF3BDA63" box="[151,248,1267,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF6FFB5EFF3BDA63" box="[151,248,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Phalaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFF07FB5EFD63DA63" authority="Goeze, 1781" authorityName="Goeze" authorityYear="1781" box="[255,672,1267,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Geometra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginepunctata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF07FB5EFDD5DA63" box="[255,534,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Geometra marginepunctata</emphasis>
Goeze, 1781
</taxonomicName>
. Entomologische beyträge zu des ritter Linné 12. ausgabe des natursystems 3 (3): 385.
<typeStatus id="823F62E4FF9DFFDEFEC0FABFFE4CDA42" box="[312,399,1298,1322]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
(s) (Europe).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF6FFA9DFA5BDA0F" blockId="30.[151,1437,1267,1690]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFF6FFA9DFD48DA20" authority="Prout, 1935" authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,651,1328,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="marginepunctata" subSpecies="terrigena">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF6FFA9DFDC6DA20" box="[151,517,1328,1352]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Scopula marginepunctata terrigena</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="EDECD61BFF9DFFDEFDF7FA9CFD48DA20" box="[527,651,1328,1352]" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="In &amp; Seitz, A. &amp; Ed. &amp; Die Grossschmetterlinge der Erde &amp; Supplememt" country="Iran" location="Darekeroudbar" municipality="Sabatku" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alborz" typeStatus="syntype">Prout, 1935</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectorName id="F071B990FF9DFFDEFD60FA9CFD72DA20" box="[664,689,1329,1352]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">In</collectorName>
:
<collectorName id="F071B990FF9DFFDEFD45FA9DFCD4DA20" box="[701,791,1328,1352]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Seitz, A.</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="F071B990FF9DFFDEFCD0FA9DFC8DDA20" box="[808,846,1328,1352]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ed.</collectorName>
),
<collectorName id="F071B990FF9DFFDEFC9BFA9DFB7FDA20" box="[867,1212,1328,1352]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Die Grossschmetterlinge der Erde</collectorName>
4 (
<collectorName id="F071B990FF9DFFDEFB1AFA9DFAAADA20" box="[1250,1385,1328,1352]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Supplememt</collectorName>
): 39.
<typeStatus id="823F62E4FF9DFFDEFF3FFAE2FEDDDA0F" box="[199,286,1359,1383]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
(s) 26 (
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFE9AFAE2FE4DDA0F" box="[354,398,1359,1383]" name="Iran" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="9F4012A4FF9DFFDEFE61FAE2FE18DA0F" box="[409,475,1359,1383]" country="Iran" name="Alborz" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Elburs</collectingRegion>
Mts.,
<collectingRegion id="9F4012A4FF9DFFDEFDE4FAE2FD5FDA0F" box="[540,668,1359,1383]" country="Iran" name="Mazandaran" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Mazanderan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="BD5F463CFF9DFFDEFD5EFAE2FD39DA0F" box="[678,762,1359,1383]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Sabatku</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="585B8A9DFF9DFFDEFCFCFAE2FC5DDA0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D52D6D50FF9DFFDFFF6FFB27FC63D900:585B8A9DFF9DFFDEFCFCFAE2FC5DDA0F" box="[772,926,1359,1383]" country="Iran" municipality="Sabatku" name="Darekeroudbar" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" stateProvince="Alborz">Darekeroudbar</location>
) (NHMUK, examined). Valid at subspecific rank.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF6FFAC3FF38DACC" blockId="30.[151,1437,1267,1690]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFF6FFAC3FD65DAEE" authority="Reisser, 1933" authorityName="Reisser" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,678,1390,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="marginepunctata" subSpecies="argillacea">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF6FFAC3FDCDDAEE" box="[151,526,1390,1414]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Scopula marginepunctata argillacea</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="EDECD61BFF9DFFDEFDEFFAC3FD65DAEE" box="[535,678,1390,1414]" country="Morocco" location="Rif mountains" municipality="Valid" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">Reisser, 1933</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. EOS 9: 240.
<typeStatus id="823F62E4FF9DFFDEFCC4FAC3FC50DAEE" box="[828,915,1390,1414]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
(s) (
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFC42FAC3FBD8DAEE" box="[954,1051,1390,1414]" name="Morocco" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Morocco</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="585B8A9DFF9DFFDEFBDFFAC3FB7DDAEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D52D6D50FF9DFFDFFF6FFB27FC63D900:585B8A9DFF9DFFDEFBDFFAC3FB7DDAEE" box="[1063,1214,1390,1414]" country="Morocco" municipality="Valid" name="Rif mountains" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Rif mountains</location>
).
<collectingMunicipality id="BD5F463CFF9DFFDEFB29FAC3FAC5DAEE" box="[1233,1286,1390,1414]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Valid</collectingMunicipality>
at subspecific rank.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF6FFA06FC1DD913" blockId="30.[151,1437,1267,1690]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Synonymies (for more details on nomenclature see
<bibRefCitation id="3915A1B7FF9DFFDEFD35FA06FC91DAAB" author="Scoble, M. J." box="[717,850,1451,1475]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref45008" refString="Scoble, M. J. (1999) Geometrid Moths of the World: A Catalogue (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). Vols. 1 &amp; 2. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria and Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 1200 pp." type="book" year="1999">Scoble 1999</bibRefCitation>
and Hausmann 2004):
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFBAFFA06FB7BDAAB" box="[1111,1208,1451,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFBAFFA06FB7BDAAB" box="[1111,1208,1451,1475]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Phalaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFB3DFA06FE47DA8A" authority="Borkhausen, 1794" authorityName="Borkhausen" authorityYear="1794" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Geometra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coniugata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFB3DFA06FA5FDAAB" box="[1221,1436,1451,1475]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Geometra coniugata</emphasis>
Borkhausen, 1794
</taxonomicName>
(Europe, probably
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFDACFA67FD74DA8A" box="[596,695,1482,1506]" name="Germany" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Germany</collectingCountry>
);
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFD34FA67FB88DA8A" authority="Rambur, 1829" authorityName="Rambur" authorityYear="1829" box="[716,1099,1482,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aniculosata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFD34FA67FC6EDA8A" box="[716,941,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Phalaena aniculosata</emphasis>
Rambur, 1829
</taxonomicName>
(southern
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFB47FA67FACBDA89" box="[1215,1288,1482,1505]" name="France" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">France</collectingCountry>
: Montpellier);
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFF3FFA45FDF3D968" authority="Boisduval, 1840" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1840" box="[199,560,1512,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acidalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puellaria">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF3FFA45FE42D968" box="[199,385,1512,1536]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acidalia puellaria</emphasis>
Boisduval, 1840
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFDC5FA45FD79D968" box="[573,698,1512,1536]" name="Switzerland" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
, ‘Helvetia’) 1825;
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFC85FA45FB14D968" authority="Guenee, 1858" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1858" box="[893,1239,1512,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acidalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="promutata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFC85FA45FB80D968" box="[893,1091,1512,1536]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acidalia promutata</emphasis>
Guenée, 1858
</taxonomicName>
(Europe);
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFABEFA45FE01D977" authority="Walker, 1863" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acidalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apertaria">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFABEFA45FEE4D977" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acidalia apertaria</emphasis>
Walker, 1863
</taxonomicName>
(no
<typeStatus id="823F62E4FF9DFFDEFE06F9AAFDE9D977" box="[510,554,1543,1567]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
locality stated);
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFD10F9AAFB95D977" authority="Joannis, 1891" authorityName="Joannis" authorityYear="1891" box="[744,1110,1543,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acidalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pastoraria">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFD10F9AAFC75D977" box="[744,950,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acidalia pastoraria</emphasis>
Joannis, 1891
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFB92F9AAFB7BD977" box="[1130,1208,1543,1567]" name="Turkey" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Turkey</collectingCountry>
: ‘Cesaree’);
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFABEF9AAFD5BD956" authority="Fuchs, 1901" authorityName="Fuchs" authorityYear="1901" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acidalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="marginepunctata" variety="madoniata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFABEF9AAFEB0D955" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acidalia marginepunctata</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFE5FF98BFDD0D956" box="[423,531,1574,1598]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">madoniata</emphasis>
Fuchs, 1901
</taxonomicName>
(Sicily);
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFD02F98BFA81D956" authority="Oberthur, 1917" authorityName="Oberthur" authorityYear="1917" box="[762,1346,1574,1598]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acidalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="marginepunctata" variety="britonaria">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFD02F98BFBC0D955" box="[762,1027,1574,1598]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acidalia marginepunctata</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFBCFF98BFB5CD956" box="[1079,1183,1574,1598]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">britonaria</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1917
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFAA8F98BFA5AD956" box="[1360,1433,1574,1598]" name="France" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="9F4012A4FF9DFFDEFF3FF9E8FEE5D935" box="[199,294,1605,1629]" country="France" name="Bretagne" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Bretagne</collectingRegion>
: Cancale);
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFE61F9E9FC08D934" authority="Wagner, 1919" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1919" box="[409,971,1604,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acidalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="marginepunctata" variety="subatrata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFE61F9E9FD61D934" box="[409,674,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acidalia marginepunctata</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFD2DF9E9FCF5D934" box="[725,822,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">subatrata</emphasis>
Wagner, 1919
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFC21F9E9FBC9D934" box="[985,1034,1604,1628]" name="Italy" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Italy</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="9F4012A4FF9DFFDEFBECF9E9FB93D934" box="[1044,1104,1604,1628]" country="Italy" name="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Friuli</collectingRegion>
: Udine, Cividale distr., Attimis);
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFF3FF9CEFE0CD913" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[199,463,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acidalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginepunctata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF3FF9CEFE0CD913" box="[199,463,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acidalia marginepunctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
‘f.’
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFE02F9CEFD99D913" box="[506,602,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">insubrica</emphasis>
Vorbrodt, 1930 (
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFCFEF9CEFC47D913" box="[774,900,1635,1659]" name="Switzerland" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
: Mixos);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF6FF92FFD10D9F2" blockId="30.[151,1437,1267,1690]" box="[151,723,1666,1690]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">For the list of unavailable names, see Hausmann (2004).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="159E8FCDFF9DFFDEFF6FF965FC90D842" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF6FF965FC1FD86E" blockId="30.[151,1437,1735,2014]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF6FF965FE7ED989" bold="true" box="[151,445,1735,1762]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<typeStatus id="823F62E4FF9DFFDEFF6FF965FF11D98A" box="[151,210,1736,1762]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Type</typeStatus>
material examined.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFE3BF965FC93D98A" authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1935" box="[451,848,1736,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="marginepunctata" subSpecies="terrigena">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFE3BF965FC93D98A" box="[451,848,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Scopula marginepunctata terrigena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<materialsCitation id="EDECD61BFF9DFFDEFCAEF965FC80D86F" collectingDate="1931-05-22" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="F. Steinbacher" country="Iran" location="Sabatku" municipality="Darekeroudbar" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCode="NHMUK 014173548" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mazandaran" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="823F62E4FF9DFFDEFCAEF965FC4DD98A" box="[854,910,1736,1762]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Type</typeStatus>
♁,
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFC4EF965FC25D98A" box="[950,998,1736,1762]" name="Iran" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="BD5F463CFF9DFFDEFC08F965FB59D98A" box="[1008,1178,1736,1762]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Darekeroudbar</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="585B8A9DFF9DFFDEFB5CF965FAC2D98A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D52D6D50FF9DFFDFFF6FFB27FC63D900:585B8A9DFF9DFFDEFB5CF965FAC2D98A" box="[1188,1281,1736,1762]" country="Iran" municipality="Darekeroudbar" name="Sabatku" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" stateProvince="Mazandaran">Sabatku</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="9F4012A4FF9DFFDEFAF3F965FA5BD98A" box="[1291,1432,1736,1762]" country="Iran" name="Mazandaran" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Mazandaran</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="9F4012A4FF9DFFDEFF6FF941FF23D86E" box="[151,224,1772,1798]" country="Iran" name="Alborz" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Elburs</collectingRegion>
Mts.,
<date id="293AFA86FF9DFFDEFED0F941FE5AD86E" box="[296,409,1772,1798]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1931-05-22">
<collectingDate id="397E036EFF9DFFDEFED0F941FE5AD86E" box="[296,409,1772,1798]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1931-05-22">22.v.1931</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F071B990FF9DFFDEFE5CF941FD86D86E" box="[420,581,1772,1798]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">F. Steinbacher</collectorName>
,
<specimenCode id="0D22743DFF9DFFDEFDA8F941FC80D86F" box="[592,835,1772,1799]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="Museum">NHMUK 014173548</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
; in
<collectionCode id="3B954483FF9DFFDEFC93F941FC1AD86E" box="[875,985,1772,1798]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF3FF8A2FC90D842" blockId="30.[151,1437,1735,2014]" box="[199,851,1807,1836]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF3FF8A2FDF5D841" bold="true" box="[199,566,1807,1833]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Additional material examined:</emphasis>
516 ♁/
<specimenCount id="4B8217CFFF9DFFDEFD76F8BCFD62D844" box="[654,673,1809,1836]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(see appendix).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="159E8FCDFF9DFFDFFF3FF89EFBE5DE29" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF3FF89EFDDAD8FE" blockId="30.[151,1437,1735,2014]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF3FF89EFE81D825" bold="true" box="[199,322,1843,1869]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Wingspan ♁
<specimenCount id="4B8217CFFF9DFFDEFE20F898FE2ED838" box="[472,493,1845,1872]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<quantity id="9A7C71A3FF9DFFDEFE0EF899FDB0D826" box="[502,627,1844,1870]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="23.0">23–27 mm</quantity>
. Ground colour (
<figureCitation id="C5BFC0C3FF9DFFDEFCCEF899FC4BD826" box="[822,904,1844,1870]" captionStart="PLATE 7" captionStartId="52.[152,238,220,244]" captionText="PLATE 7: Figures 1–17. Wing pattern of Scopula species. 1–6: S. beckeraria (1: Iran, Kerman, Hushin, g. prep. 1052/2022 D. Wanke; 2: Iran, Khorasan, Izmansufla, g. prep. 0839/2020 D. Wanke; 3: Iran, Esfahan, Kashan, g. prep. 0820/2020 D. Wanke; 4: Iran, Khorasan, Izmansufla, g. prep. 0905/2020 D. Wanke; 5: N-Iran, [Tehran], Varamin, g. prep. 0783/2020 D. Wanke; 6: NE Iran, Khorasan, Akbarabad, g. prep. 1002/2021 D. Wanke); 7–8: S. hoerhammeri (Iran, Fars, [Komehr], 7: Paratype, g. prep. 11019, 8: g. prep. 11020); 9–10: S. incanata ([Iran], Tacht i Suleiman, 9: g. prep. 1275/2022 D. Wanke, 10: g. prep. 1277/2022 D. Wanke); 11–15: S. marginepunctata terrigena (11: Type, [Iran], Mazanderan, [Sabat-Kuh], NHMUK014173548; 12: NE Iran, Khorasan, Izmansufla, g. prep. 0840/2020 D. Wanke; 13: N Iran, Amarlu, g. prep. 0875/2020 D. Wanke; 14: Iran, Mazandaran, Gonbad Qabus, g. prep. 0904/2020 D. Wanke; 15: NW Iran, Maku, g. prep. 1049/2021 D. Wanke); 16–17: S. luridata (16: Syria, Marasch, g. prep. 1295/2022 D. Wanke; 17: W Saudi Arabia, Al-Hada, g. prep. 1292/2022 D. Wanke);. a = upperside; b = underside. Scale-bar 1 cm." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Plate 7</figureCitation>
, Figs 11–15) dirty grey white. In
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9DFFDEFAF4F899FAFAD826" box="[1292,1337,1844,1870]" name="Iran" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Iran</collectingCountry>
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFABAF899FE96D81A" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1781" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginepunctata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFABAF899FE96D81A" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Scopula marginepunctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can externally be confused only with
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFCE0F8F5FC59D81A" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[792,922,1880,1906]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incanata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFCE0F8F5FCE5D81A" box="[792,806,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFCC0F8F4FC59D81A" box="[824,922,1881,1906]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">incanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, these two species are diagnosed based on genitalia characters here.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9DFFDEFF3FF80DFDF7D8B6" blockId="30.[151,1437,1735,2014]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
In the male genitalia 8th sternite basally shallow, cerata absent (sternite basally convex, cerata medium sized in
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9DFFDEFF6FF869FED6D8B6" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[151,277,1988,2014]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incanata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9DFFDEFF6FF869FED6D8B6" box="[151,277,1988,2014]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. incanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (see
<figureCitation id="C5BFC0C3FF9DFFDEFEA2F869FE74D8B6" box="[346,439,1988,2014]" captionStart="PLATE 17" captionStartId="63.[152,238,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[229,1360,161,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-20@63.[219,1369,151,1889]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 17: Figures 1–4. Male genitalia of Scopula species. 1: S. incanata ([Iran], Tacht i Suleiman, g. prep. 1275/2022 D. Wanke); 2: S. marginepunctata terrigena (Iran, Mazandaran, Gonbad Qabus, g. prep. 0903/2020 D. Wanke); 3: S. luridata (Syria, Marasch, g. prep. 1295/2022 D. Wanke); 4: S. immutata ([Hungary], Bükk̂sd, 1246/2021 D. Wanke). a = genitalia capsule; b = aedeagus; c = 8th sternite. Scale-bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10147942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10147942/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Plate 17</figureCitation>
, Figs 1–2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9CFFDFFF3FFF3AFEB1DF91" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
In the female genitalia antrum with triangular or half-moon shaped sclerite (with triangular or pentagonal sclerite in
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9CFFDFFEF7FF16FE4DDFBC" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[271,398,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incanata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFEF7FF16FE4DDFBC" box="[271,398,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. incanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Lamella antevaginalis with transverse fold (strongly sclerotized, oval in
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9CFFDFFB26FF16FA9EDFBC" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1246,1373,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incanata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFB26FF16FA9EDFBC" box="[1246,1373,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. incanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (see
<figureCitation id="C5BFC0C3FF9CFFDFFF6FFF72FF37DF91" box="[151,244,222,249]" captionStart="PLATE 25" captionStartId="71.[152,237,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[207,1381,168,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-20@71.[197,1390,151,1889]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="PLATE 25: Figures 1–5. Female genitalia of Scopula species. 1: S. incanata ([Iran], Tacht i Suleiman, g. prep. 1277/2022 D. Wanke); 2: S. marginepunctata terrigena (N-Iran, Amarlu, Rudbar, g. prep. 0875/2020 D. Wanke); 3: S. luridata ([Israel], Jaffa, g. prep. 1240/2021 D. Wanke); 4: S. immutata ([Hungary], Bükk̂sd, 1247/2021 D. Wanke); 5: S. flaccidaria (N-Iran, Bandar Pahlavi, g. prep. 1054/2021 D. Wanke); 6: S. iranaria syn. nov. of S. flaccidaria (Iran, Kerdej, g. prep. 11061). Scale-bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10147962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10147962/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Plate 25</figureCitation>
, Figs 1–2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9CFFDFFF3FFEAEFBE5DE29" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFF3FFEAEFE8ADE75" bold="true" box="[199,329,259,285]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Phenology.</emphasis>
Depending on the conditions from uni-, bi-, tri or plurivoltine species (Hausmann 2004,
<bibRefCitation id="3915A1B7FF9CFFDFFADCFEAEFED0DE29" author="Hausmann, A. &amp; Kravchenko, V. &amp; Muller, G." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref42810" refString="Hausmann, A., Kravchenko, V. &amp; Muller, G. (2020) The Lepidoptera of Israel. Vol. 3. Geometridae. Proceedings of the Museum Witt Munich, 9, 1 - 256." type="journal article" year="2020">
Hausmann
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFF6FFE8AFF0CDE29" box="[151,207,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). Investigated specimens in
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9CFFDFFDB6FE8AFDB8DE29" box="[590,635,295,321]" name="Iran" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Iran</collectingCountry>
were collected from April to October.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="159E8FCDFF9CFFDFFF3FFEE7FC50DE9D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9CFFDFFF3FFEE7FD40DEE1" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFF3FFEE7FEE4DE0C" bold="true" box="[199,295,330,356]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Biology.</emphasis>
Larva polyphagous on a wide range of plant species of different families (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9CFFDFFB86FEE6FB39DE0D" box="[1150,1274,331,357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9CFFDFFAFBFEE6FA5BDE0D" box="[1283,1432,331,357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Crassulaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9CFFDFFF6FFEC2FEC7DEE1" box="[151,260,367,393]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9CFFDFFEF7FEC2FEBADEE1" box="[271,377,367,393]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
) (see Hausmann 2004).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9CFFDFFF3FFE3FFC50DE9D" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFF3FFE3FFEE9DEC4" bold="true" box="[199,298,402,428]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Habitat.</emphasis>
At altitudes from 0 m to
<quantity id="9A7C71A3FF9CFFDFFDBFFE3EFD4DDEC5" box="[583,654,403,429]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
north of the Alps, to
<quantity id="9A7C71A3FF9CFFDFFC85FE3EFC11DEC5" box="[893,978,403,429]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
south of the Alps, to
<quantity id="9A7C71A3FF9CFFDFFB3BFE3EFADBDEC5" box="[1219,1304,403,429]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
in southern Europe and to
<quantity id="9A7C71A3FF9CFFDFFEC2FE1AFE4CDEB9" box="[314,399,439,465]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</quantity>
in
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9CFFDFFE49FE1AFDD5DEB9" box="[433,534,439,465]" name="Morocco" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Morocco</collectingCountry>
and Central Asia (Hausmann 2004). In
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9CFFDFFC2AFE1AFBD3DEB9" box="[978,1040,439,465]" name="Israel" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Israel</collectingCountry>
to
<quantity id="9A7C71A3FF9CFFDFFBCBFE1BFB4BDEB9" box="[1075,1160,438,465]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3915A1B7FF9CFFDFFB6DFE1AFA52DEB9" author="Hausmann, A. &amp; Kravchenko, V. &amp; Muller, G." box="[1173,1425,439,465]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref42810" refString="Hausmann, A., Kravchenko, V. &amp; Muller, G. (2020) The Lepidoptera of Israel. Vol. 3. Geometridae. Proceedings of the Museum Witt Munich, 9, 1 - 256." type="journal article" year="2020">
Hausmann
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFAEEFE1AFA8DDEB9" box="[1302,1358,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). Investigated specimens in
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9CFFDFFE47FE76FE2FDE9D" box="[447,492,475,501]" name="Iran" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Iran</collectingCountry>
were collected from
<quantity id="9A7C71A3FF9CFFDFFD22FE76FCD0DE9D" box="[730,787,475,501]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="19.0">19 m</quantity>
to
<quantity id="9A7C71A3FF9CFFDFFCCFFE76FC4CDE9D" box="[823,911,475,501]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="159E8FCDFF9CFFDFFF3FFE53FC63D900" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9CFFDFFF3FFE53FA8DDDC1" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFF3FFE53FEA2DD70" bold="true" box="[199,353,510,536]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Distribution.</emphasis>
Widely distributed from northern Africa, and
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9CFFDFFC8BFE52FC11DD71" box="[883,978,511,537]" name="Portugal" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Portugal</collectingCountry>
to the Urals, as well as in Middle East, Central Asia and
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9CFFDFFE9FFD8EFE17DD55" box="[359,468,547,573]" name="Mongolia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3915A1B7FF9CFFDFFE1FFD8EFD5EDD55" author="Viidalepp, J." box="[487,669,547,573]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref45709" refString="Viidalepp, J. (1996) Checklist of the Geometridae (Lepidoptera) of the former U. S. S. R. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 111 pp." type="book" year="1996">Viidalepp 1996</bibRefCitation>
; Hausmann 2004;
<bibRefCitation id="3915A1B7FF9CFFDFFC84FD8EFB45DD55" author="Hausmann, A. &amp; Kravchenko, V. &amp; Muller, G." box="[892,1158,547,573]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref42810" refString="Hausmann, A., Kravchenko, V. &amp; Muller, G. (2020) The Lepidoptera of Israel. Vol. 3. Geometridae. Proceedings of the Museum Witt Munich, 9, 1 - 256." type="journal article" year="2020">
Hausmann
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFBF8FD8EFBFEDD55" box="[1024,1085,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9CFFDFFB38FD8EFB2EDD55" box="[1216,1261,547,573]" name="Iran" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Iran</collectingCountry>
this species is represented by the subspecies
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9CFFDFFE12FDEAFCF0DD08" authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1935" box="[490,819,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="marginepunctata" subSpecies="terrigena">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFE12FDEAFCF0DD08" box="[490,819,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. marginepunctata terrigena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is widely distributed from in the northern, western and central parts of the country (see Map 10). Reported in the literature also for the provinces
<collectingRegion id="9F4012A4FF9CFFDFFB52FDC6FAC1DDED" box="[1194,1282,619,645]" country="Iran" name="Ardabil" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ardabil</collectingRegion>
, Azerbaijan-e Sharghi,
<collectingRegion id="9F4012A4FF9CFFDFFF04FD22FEFEDDC1" box="[252,317,655,681]" country="Iran" name="Gilan" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Gilan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="9F4012A4FF9CFFDFFEB0FD22FE11DDC1" box="[328,466,655,681]" country="Iran" name="Mazandaran" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mazandaran</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="9F4012A4FF9CFFDFFDF0FD22FD96DDC1" box="[520,597,655,681]" country="Iran" name="Tehran" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Tehran</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3915A1B7FF9CFFDFFD9CFD22FCAEDDC1" author="Schwingenschuss, L." box="[612,877,655,681]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="200 - 210" refId="ref44974" refString="Schwingenschuss, L. (1939) Beitrag zur Lepidopterenfauna von Iran (Persien) insbesondere des Elbursgebirges in Nordiran. (Fortsetzung). Entomologische Zeitschrift, 53, 200 - 210." type="journal article" year="1939">Schwingenschuss 1939</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="3915A1B7FF9CFFDFFC81FD22FBE1DDC1" author="Wiltshire, E. P." box="[889,1058,655,681]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="113 - 138" refId="ref46557" refString="Wiltshire, E. P. (1966) Osterreichische entomologische Iran-Afghanistan-Expeditionen, Beitrage zur Lepidopterenfauna, Teil 9, Subfamilie Sterrhinae (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). Middle East Lepidoptera XXII. Zeitschrift der Wiener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 51 (9 - 11), 113 - 138." type="journal article" year="1966">Wiltshire 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="3915A1B7FF9CFFDFFBD6FD22FA80DDC1" author="Lehmann, L. &amp; Zahiri, R." box="[1070,1347,655,681]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="135 - 165" refId="ref43377" refString="Lehmann, L. &amp; Zahiri, R. (2011) Results of a lepidopterological expedition to North and Northwest Iran in summer 2007 with new records for Iran (Lepidoptera). Esperiana, 16 135 - 165." type="book chapter" year="2011">Lehmann &amp; Zahiri 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9CFFDFFF3FFD1FFB2ADDA5" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,717]" box="[199,1257,690,717]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFF3FFD1FFE4EDDA4" bold="true" box="[199,397,690,716]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">DNA-barcoding.</emphasis>
Nearest species:
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9CFFDFFDA8FD1EFCC9DDA4" baseAuthorityName="Hufnagel" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[592,778,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropunctata">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFDA8FD1EFD9DDDA5" box="[592,606,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFD94FD1EFCC9DDA4" box="[620,778,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">nigropunctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 7.7 % (see Supplementary Table S1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3BDC46FF9CFFDFFF60F9FCFC63D900" blockId="31.[152,928,1617,1641]" box="[152,928,1617,1641]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFF60F9FCFF3BD901" bold="true" box="[152,248,1617,1641]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">MAP 10.</emphasis>
Distribution pattern of
<taxonomicName id="9A84A7C5FF9CFFDFFE1FF9FCFC93D901" authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1935" box="[487,848,1617,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="marginepunctata" subSpecies="terrigena">
<emphasis id="6FF00054FF9CFFDFFE1FF9FCFC93D901" box="[487,848,1617,1641]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Scopula marginepunctata terrigena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="25939CD6FF9CFFDFFC88F9FCFC5FD900" box="[880,924,1617,1640]" name="Iran" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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