117 lines
9.7 KiB
XML
117 lines
9.7 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.729.21779" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6e6575bc-7fcf-4841-978e-f28c04f2fc48" ID-PMC="PMC5799731" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-729-1" ID-PubMed="29416390" ID-ZBK="F54F5FF9F0B449C584A48E4BFC345B54" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-729-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 729" ModsDocTitle="Deep-Water Octocorals (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Galápagos and Cocos Islands. Part 1: Suborder Calcaxonia" checkinTime="1516128713382" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Cairns, Stephen D." docDate="2018" docId="D507D81733DD28855E15FBE5ED502F74" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 729: 1-46" docOrigin="ZooKeys 729" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.729.21779" docTitle="Chrysogorgia laevorsa Cairns, 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="26185B5F-FCA3-4160-A271-48FE5EC2E73D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="C61C4B0C4A4A1107FFE4FFD0FFA7FFA3" masterDocTitle="Deep-Water Octocorals (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Galapagos and Cocos Islands. Part 1: Suborder Calcaxonia" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668165308991" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Deep-Water Octocorals (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Galapagos and Cocos Islands. Part 1: Suborder Calcaxonia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>729</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>46</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.729.21779</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.729.21779</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-729-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F54F5FF9F0B449C584A48E4BFC345B54</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F54F5FF9F0B449C584A48E4BFC345B54</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="140348356" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:26185B5F-FCA3-4160-A271-48FE5EC2E73D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D507D81733DD28855E15FBE5ED502F74" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/26185B5F-FCA3-4160-A271-48FE5EC2E73D" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Chrysogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysogorgia laevorsa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laevorsa">Chrysogorgia laevorsa</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="22" pageNumber="23">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 3f, 15a,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="c–f">c-f</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
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examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Types. Holotype: colony and SEM stubs 2320-2322, JSL-I-1929, USNM 1409029. Paratypes: Alb-2818, 13 denuded stems, USNM 1409031; JSL-I-1938, 1 colony, USNM 1160584.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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locality.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="0.24444444">0°14'40"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-91.60889">91°36'32"W</geoCoordinate>
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(off Roca Redonda,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Galápagos">Galapagos</normalizedToken>
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), 806 m depth.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Galápagos">Galapagos</normalizedToken>
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: Roca Redonda, west of Santa Cruz, 717-806 m deep; Cocos Islands, 614-785 m deep.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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The colony is bottlebrush in shape (Figure 3f), the holotype 11 cm tall and 6 cm in maximum diameter, having a basal branch diameter of 2.3 mm.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="25" pageNumber="26" start="start">Branching</pageBreakToken>
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is sympodial, the branching formula being consistently 2/5L. The orthostiche interval varies from 10 to 23 mm, the shorter intervals near the base of the colony, the higher intervals near the top. The length of the internodes on the branchlets is 3-5 mm, up to five or six nodes occurring on each branchlet; each internode supports two polyps. The polyps are 1.5-1.9 mm in length and cylindrical in shape, with a slightly swollen base (Figure 15a). The axis is metallic gold in color tinged with a greenish hue.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">The upper body wall sclerites (Figure 15c), those associated with the cylindrical part of the polyp, consist of slightly flattened rotund rods that are 0.19-0.24 mm in length and having a L:W of 3.5-4.7. They are straight, longitudinally oriented, and uniformly covered with very small granules. Distal to the body wall are the tentacles, which may compose as much as half of the polyp length. They are also composed of slightly flattened rods (Figure 15c), but these rods are longer and more slender, 0.25-0.32 mm in length, with a L:W of 5.1-9.0. Like the upper body wall rods, they are straight and similarly granulated. The pinnular scales (Figure 15f) are smaller (0.073-0.16 mm in length) curved platelets, having a L:W of 3.4-4.5. The swollen base of the polyp is covered with flattened rods similar in shape to those of the tentacles (Figure 15d), as well as waisted scales 0.17-0.21 mm in length and having a L:W of 2.4-3.4. Otherwise, the coenenchyme seems to be devoid of sclerites.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Figure 15. Polyps and sclerites of
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Chrysogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysogorgia laevorsa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laevorsa">Chrysogorgia laevorsa</taxonomicName>
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, JSL-I-1929, USNM 1409029, a lateral stereo view of a polyp b diagram of 2/5R polyp arrangement, not found in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laevorsa" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="laevorsa">C. laevorsa</taxonomicName>
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c upper body wall flattened rods d lower body wall flattened rods and waisted scales e tentacular flattened rods f pinnular scales.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Comparisons.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Having rods in its body wall and tentacles places
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laevorsa" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="laevorsa">C. laevorsa</taxonomicName>
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in
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Chrysogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysogorgia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Chrysogorgia</taxonomicName>
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Group A, the largest of the four groups of
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Chrysogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysogorgia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Chrysogorgia</taxonomicName>
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, having 38 species.
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Chrysogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysogorgia laevorsa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laevorsa">Chrysogorgia laevorsa</taxonomicName>
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is the only species in this group to have a 2/5L branching formula, whereas 14 species in this group have a 2/5 R formula (Figure 15b). The 2/5L formula is found in only four species of
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Chrysogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysogorgia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Chrysogorgia</taxonomicName>
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, all belonging to Group C.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Named
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<taxonomicName genus="Calcaxonia" lsidName="Calcaxonia laevorsa" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="laevorsa">laevorsa</taxonomicName>
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(from the Latin laevorsus, meaning "towards the left") in allusion to the direction of the branching formula (2/5L).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |