treatments-xml/data/48/82/0B/48820BF0FA2A585C9BB5AEA653AE261C.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7caf8ac9-536e-4076-8ea7-92082faed113" ID-PMC="PMC8596562" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-185-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="039EACBCD01C5AEDB52B656A8AAFD167" ID-PubMed="34819777" ModsDocID="1314-2003-185-1" checkinTime="1636428182279" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Palchetti, Maria Virginia, Cantero, Juan Jose, Morales-Fierro, Vanezza, Barboza, Gloria E. &amp; Moreira-Munoz, Andres" docDate="2021" docId="48820BF0FA2A585C9BB5AEA653AE261C" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 185: 1-15" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 185" docPubDate="2021-11-08" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377" docTitle="Lycium humile Phil., Fl. Atacam. 43. 1860." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="039EACBCD01C5AEDB52B656A8AAFD167" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="039EACBCD01C5AEDB52B656A8AAFD167" masterDocTitle="Living in extreme environments: distribution of Lycium humile (Solanaceae), an endemic halophyte from the Altiplano-Puna region, South America" masterLastPageNumber="15" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668140502980" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Living in extreme environments: distribution of Lycium humile (Solanaceae), an endemic halophyte from the Altiplano-Puna region, South America</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Palchetti, Maria Virginia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina &amp; Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">vpalchetti@imbiv.unc.edu.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cantero, Juan Jose</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina &amp; Departamento de Biologia Agricola, Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Rio Cuarto, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Morales-Fierro, Vanezza</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Area Botanica, Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Barboza, Gloria E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-036X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina &amp; Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Moreira-Munoz, Andres</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-1391</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto de Geografia, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Geografia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">andres.moreira@pucv.cl</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-11-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>185</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>15</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-185-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">039EACBCD01C5AEDB52B656A8AAFD167</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="190155250" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:48820BF0FA2A585C9BB5AEA653AE261C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/48820BF0FA2A585C9BB5AEA653AE261C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="48820BF0-FA2A-585C-9BB5-AEA653AE261C" authority="Phil., Fl. Atacam. 43. 1860." authorityName="Phil., Fl. Atacam. 43. 1860." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycium humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">Lycium humile Phil., Fl. Atacam. 43. 1860.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Lycium humile A overview of a plant in its habitat B flower C fruits D plant architecture." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/607702" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="R. A. Philippi" country="Chile" location="Antofagasta" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antofagasta" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry name="Chile">Chile</collectingCountry>
. [
<collectingRegion country="Chile" name="Antofagasta">Antofagasta</collectingRegion>
: Province of 
<collectingRegion country="Chile" name="Antofagasta">Antofagasta</collectingRegion>
], Ad aquas [Profetas], December [1853]-January [1854], 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>R.A. Philippi</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
, pro parte (
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
, inadvertently designated as 
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘type’">'type'</normalizedToken>
by 
<bibRefCitation author="Munoz Pizarro, C" journalOrPublisher="Ediciones de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B27" refString="Munoz Pizarro, C, 1960. Las especies de plantas descritas por RA Philippi en el siglo XIX. Estudio critico en la identificacion de sus tipos nomenclaturales. Ediciones de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile" title="Las especies de plantas descritas por RA Philippi en el siglo XIX. Estudio critico en la identificacion de sus tipos nomenclaturales." year="1960">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
Pizarro 1960
</bibRefCitation>
, pg. 116: SGO! [SGO000004448, acc. # 055683; Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Lectotype of Lycium humile Phil. (SGO 055683). Digital image by courtesy of the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/607703" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
], isolectotype: W n.v. [cited as isosyntype by 
<bibRefCitation author="Bernardello, G" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="173 - 356" refId="B6" refString="Bernardello, G, 1986. Revision taxonomica de las especies sudamericanas de Lycium (Solanaceae). Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias 57: 173 - 356" title="Revision taxonomica de las especies sudamericanas de Lycium (Solanaceae)." volume="57" year="1986">Bernardello (1986)</bibRefCitation>
].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dwarf shrubs, prostrate or ascending, up to 20 cm high, often forming dense and extensive mats, over 5 m. Subterranean organs well-developed with tangled and woody roots and rhizomes. Stems grayish-yellow, unarmed, glabrous, much branched, with slightly arched aerial branches and some stoloniferous branches. Leaves alternate or fasciculate, succulent, obovate or spatulate, light green, 2-16 mm long, 1-4 mm wide, glabrous or with occasionally glandular trichomes, sessile. Flowers 5-merous (rarely 4- or 6-merous), solitary, perfect; calyx tubular, zygomorphic, glabrous, bilabiate or irregularly toothed, the tube 3-5 mm long, the lobes sub-triangular, 1-2 mm long, ciliate at the margins; corolla white, sometimes with purple lines within, narrowly infundibuliform to tubular, barely zygomorphic, glabrous outside, the tube 12-15.5 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, glabrescent near the insertion of the stamens inside, the lobes 2.5-3.5 mm long, 2.5-4 mm wide, ovate, with sparse cilia on the edge; stamens inserted at 2/3 from the base, at different levels, filaments unequal in length, some exserted, others included or barely exserted, with few simple hairs at their bases; ovary with prominent red-orange nectary at the base, style exserted or scarcely exserted. Berry subglobose, ca. 7-8 mm in diameter, blackish; seeds irregular, polyhedral, pale brown, up to 25 per fruit, the episperm smooth, without marked cells.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering late September-March; fruiting late December-April.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="vernacular names and uses">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vernacular names and uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bálsamo">Balsamo</normalizedToken>
finito, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="ch’ampita">ch'ampita</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Villagran, C" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B47" refString="Villagran, C, Castro, V, 2003. Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" title="Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile." year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagrán">Villagran</normalizedToken>
and Castro 2003
</bibRefCitation>
); jume (
<bibRefCitation author="Philippi, RA" journalOrPublisher="Camara Chilena de la Construccion, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile &amp; Direccion de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl/bnd/632/w3-article-355600.html" refId="B34" refString="Philippi, RA, 2008. Viaje al desierto de Atacama. 2nd ed. Camara Chilena de la Construccion, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile &amp; Direccion de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos, Santiago de Chile, http://www.bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl/bnd/632/w3-article-355600.html" title="Viaje al desierto de Atacama. 2 nd ed." url="http://www.bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl/bnd/632/w3-article-355600.html" year="2008">Philippi 2008</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Medina, P" editor="Novoa, FF" journalOrPublisher="Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="158 - 229" publicationUrl="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" refId="B25" refString="Medina, P, 2012. Flora. In: Novoa, FF, Contreras, M, Eds., Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza. Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago: 158 - 229, https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" title="Flora." url="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" volumeTitle="Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza." year="2012">Medina 2012</bibRefCitation>
); sacha uva or sachauva (
<bibRefCitation author="Villagran, C" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B47" refString="Villagran, C, Castro, V, 2003. Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" title="Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile." year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagrán">Villagran</normalizedToken>
and Castro 2003
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Bernardello, G" editor="Zuloaga, F" journalOrPublisher="13, Solanaceae. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, San Isidro" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="47 - 75" refId="B7" refString="Bernardello, G, 2013. Lycium. In: Zuloaga, F, Belgrano, M, Anton, A, Eds., Flora Argentina: Vol. 13, Solanaceae. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, San Isidro: 47 - 75" title="Lycium." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina: Vol." year="2013">Bernardello 2013</bibRefCitation>
); tomatillo (
<bibRefCitation author="Villagran, C" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B47" refString="Villagran, C, Castro, V, 2003. Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" title="Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile." year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagrán">Villagran</normalizedToken>
and Castro 2003
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Medina, P" editor="Novoa, FF" journalOrPublisher="Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="158 - 229" publicationUrl="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" refId="B25" refString="Medina, P, 2012. Flora. In: Novoa, FF, Contreras, M, Eds., Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza. Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago: 158 - 229, https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" title="Flora." url="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" volumeTitle="Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza." year="2012">Medina 2012</bibRefCitation>
); uvilla (
<bibRefCitation author="Villagran, C" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B47" refString="Villagran, C, Castro, V, 2003. Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" title="Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile." year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagrán">Villagran</normalizedToken>
and Castro 2003
</bibRefCitation>
); walcha (
<bibRefCitation author="Aldunate, C" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 223" publicationUrl="https://publicaciones.mnhn.gob.cl/668/articles-64174_archivo_01.pdf" refId="B2" refString="Aldunate, C, Armesto, J, Castro, V, Villagran, C, 1981. Estudio etnobotanico en una comunidad precordillerana de Antofagasta: Toconce. Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural 38: 183 - 223, https://publicaciones.mnhn.gob.cl/668/articles-64174_archivo_01.pdf" title="Estudio etnobotanico en una comunidad precordillerana de Antofagasta: Toconce." url="https://publicaciones.mnhn.gob.cl/668/articles-64174_archivo_01.pdf" volume="38" year="1981">Aldunate et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Villagran, C" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B47" refString="Villagran, C, Castro, V, 2003. Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" title="Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile." year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagrán">Villagran</normalizedToken>
and Castro 2003
</bibRefCitation>
); waycha (
<bibRefCitation author="Villagran, C" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B47" refString="Villagran, C, Castro, V, 2003. Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" title="Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile." year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagrán">Villagran</normalizedToken>
and Castro 2003
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Medina, P" editor="Novoa, FF" journalOrPublisher="Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="158 - 229" publicationUrl="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" refId="B25" refString="Medina, P, 2012. Flora. In: Novoa, FF, Contreras, M, Eds., Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza. Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago: 158 - 229, https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" title="Flora." url="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" volumeTitle="Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza." year="2012">Medina 2012</bibRefCitation>
), wicha (
<bibRefCitation author="Villagran, C" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B47" refString="Villagran, C, Castro, V, 2003. Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" title="Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile." year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagrán">Villagran</normalizedToken>
and Castro 2003
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Medina, P" editor="Novoa, FF" journalOrPublisher="Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="158 - 229" publicationUrl="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" refId="B25" refString="Medina, P, 2012. Flora. In: Novoa, FF, Contreras, M, Eds., Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza. Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago: 158 - 229, https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" title="Flora." url="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" volumeTitle="Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza." year="2012">Medina 2012</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Gamboa Fuentes, FM" journalOrPublisher="Sustainable Energy &amp; Fuels" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B14" refString="Gamboa Fuentes, FM, 2014. Caracterizacion floristica, vegetacional y etnobotanica de la Reserva Nacional Alto Loa, II Region de Antofagasta, Chile. Mg Thesis, University of Chile, Santiago." title="Caracterizacion floristica, vegetacional y etnobotanica de la Reserva Nacional Alto Loa, II Region de Antofagasta, Chile. Mg Thesis, University of Chile, Santiago." year="2014">Gamboa Fuentes 2014</bibRefCitation>
). This species has been reported as fodder (
<bibRefCitation author="Aldunate, C" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 223" publicationUrl="https://publicaciones.mnhn.gob.cl/668/articles-64174_archivo_01.pdf" refId="B2" refString="Aldunate, C, Armesto, J, Castro, V, Villagran, C, 1981. Estudio etnobotanico en una comunidad precordillerana de Antofagasta: Toconce. Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural 38: 183 - 223, https://publicaciones.mnhn.gob.cl/668/articles-64174_archivo_01.pdf" title="Estudio etnobotanico en una comunidad precordillerana de Antofagasta: Toconce." url="https://publicaciones.mnhn.gob.cl/668/articles-64174_archivo_01.pdf" volume="38" year="1981">Aldunate et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Villagran, C" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B47" refString="Villagran, C, Castro, V, 2003. Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" title="Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile." year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagrán">Villagran</normalizedToken>
and Castro 2003
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Gamboa Fuentes, FM" journalOrPublisher="Sustainable Energy &amp; Fuels" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B14" refString="Gamboa Fuentes, FM, 2014. Caracterizacion floristica, vegetacional y etnobotanica de la Reserva Nacional Alto Loa, II Region de Antofagasta, Chile. Mg Thesis, University of Chile, Santiago." title="Caracterizacion floristica, vegetacional y etnobotanica de la Reserva Nacional Alto Loa, II Region de Antofagasta, Chile. Mg Thesis, University of Chile, Santiago." year="2014">Gamboa Fuentes 2014</bibRefCitation>
) and probably has medicinal uses associated with rituals to remove evils (
<bibRefCitation author="Villagran, C" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B47" refString="Villagran, C, Castro, V, 2003. Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" title="Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile." year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagrán">Villagran</normalizedToken>
and Castro 2003
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Medina, P" editor="Novoa, FF" journalOrPublisher="Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="158 - 229" publicationUrl="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" refId="B25" refString="Medina, P, 2012. Flora. In: Novoa, FF, Contreras, M, Eds., Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza. Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago: 158 - 229, https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" title="Flora." url="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" volumeTitle="Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza." year="2012">Medina 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Fruits have been reported as edible (
<bibRefCitation author="Philippi, RA" journalOrPublisher="Camara Chilena de la Construccion, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile &amp; Direccion de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl/bnd/632/w3-article-355600.html" refId="B34" refString="Philippi, RA, 2008. Viaje al desierto de Atacama. 2nd ed. Camara Chilena de la Construccion, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile &amp; Direccion de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos, Santiago de Chile, http://www.bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl/bnd/632/w3-article-355600.html" title="Viaje al desierto de Atacama. 2 nd ed." url="http://www.bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl/bnd/632/w3-article-355600.html" year="2008">Philippi 2008</bibRefCitation>
) and may have tinctorial properties (
<bibRefCitation author="Bernardello, G" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="173 - 356" refId="B6" refString="Bernardello, G, 1986. Revision taxonomica de las especies sudamericanas de Lycium (Solanaceae). Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias 57: 173 - 356" title="Revision taxonomica de las especies sudamericanas de Lycium (Solanaceae)." volume="57" year="1986">Bernardello 1986</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Villagran, C" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B47" refString="Villagran, C, Castro, V, 2003. Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile" title="Ciencia indigena de los Andes del norte de Chile." year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagrán">Villagran</normalizedToken>
and Castro 2003
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Medina, P" editor="Novoa, FF" journalOrPublisher="Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="158 - 229" publicationUrl="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" refId="B25" refString="Medina, P, 2012. Flora. In: Novoa, FF, Contreras, M, Eds., Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza. Ediciones del Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Santiago: 158 - 229, https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" title="Flora." url="https://www.aminerals.cl/media/5525/flora-fauna-michilla.pdf" volumeTitle="Guia de Campo: Flora y Fauna en Michilla, El Tesoro y Esperanza." year="2012">Medina 2012</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Gamboa Fuentes, FM" journalOrPublisher="Sustainable Energy &amp; Fuels" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B14" refString="Gamboa Fuentes, FM, 2014. Caracterizacion floristica, vegetacional y etnobotanica de la Reserva Nacional Alto Loa, II Region de Antofagasta, Chile. Mg Thesis, University of Chile, Santiago." title="Caracterizacion floristica, vegetacional y etnobotanica de la Reserva Nacional Alto Loa, II Region de Antofagasta, Chile. Mg Thesis, University of Chile, Santiago." year="2014">Gamboa Fuentes 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycium humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycium humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in the Andean region, southern South America (Argentina, Bolivia and Chile), at 2300-4100 m elevation (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Distribution map of Lycium humile (light-blue circles) in the Altiplano-Puna region." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/607704" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
). In northwestern Argentina, it inhabits sites at 3000-4000 m elev. in the provinces of Catamarca (Antofagasta de la Sierra and 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Belén">Belen</normalizedToken>
departments) and Salta (Los Andes department), and there is also a specimen collected in Jujuy province, Tumbaya department (Ancibor and Ruthsatz 65; BAA). In northeastern Chile, it occurs throughout the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
elevation range, in the regions of Antofagasta (Antofagasta and El Loa provinces) and Atacama (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Copiapó">Copiapo</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chañaral">Chanaral</normalizedToken>
provinces). In southwestern Bolivia, it grows in 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
department, at the edges of Salar de Uyuni at ca. 3600 m elev. Previous publications (
<bibRefCitation author="Bernardello, G" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="173 - 356" refId="B6" refString="Bernardello, G, 1986. Revision taxonomica de las especies sudamericanas de Lycium (Solanaceae). Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias 57: 173 - 356" title="Revision taxonomica de las especies sudamericanas de Lycium (Solanaceae)." volume="57" year="1986">Bernardello 1986</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432018000100001" author="Rodriguez, R" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 430" refId="B37" refString="Rodriguez, R, Marticorena, C, Alarcon, D, Baeza, C, Cavieres, L, Finot, VL, Fuentes, N, Kiessling, A, Mihoc, M, Pauchard, A, Ruiz, E, Sanchez, P, Marticorena, A, 2018. Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile. Gayana. Botanica 75 (1): 1 - 430, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432018000100001" title="Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile. Gayana." url="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432018000100001" volume="75" year="2018">Rodriguez et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.14522/darwiniana.2019.72.861" author="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="208 - 278" refId="B48" refString="Zuloaga, FO, Belgrano, MJ, Zanotti, CA, 2019. Actualizacion del catalogo de las plantas vasculares del Cono Sur. Darwiniana 7 (2): 208 - 278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.14522/darwiniana.2019.72.861" title="Actualizacion del catalogo de las plantas vasculares del Cono Sur." url="https://doi.org/10.14522/darwiniana.2019.72.861" volume="7" year="2019">Zuloaga et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
) have cited the species in the Chilean region of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tarapacá">Tarapaca</normalizedToken>
, however after studying herbarium material from Chile we consider its presence on this administrative region as doubtful (see discussion).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The species preferentially grows in saline clay soils, and less frequently in sandy soils. It is commonly found in saline mudflats of salars (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Saline environments of the Altiplano-Puna region (South America) in which Lycium humile grows A Salar del Hombre Muerto (Catamarca, Argentina) B Los Colorados (Salta, Argentina) C Salar de Uyuni (Potosi, Bolivia)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/607705" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
). In the analyzed sites of the Altiplano-Puna region where 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows, soils showed very high salinity reaching high EC (~300 dS/m) and Na+ (~30 g/L) values, and low vegetation cover, with an average bare soil of 55 (SD 20.9) %. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycium humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycium humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showed an average cover percentage of 22.9 (SD 11) % with a maximum value of ~40% in Salar de Antofalla (Catamarca, Argentina, Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Edaphic variables of saturated paste extract, bare soil and soil covered by L. humile for each study site. Specimen vouchers were deposited at CORD." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6AB1EC7F7EEBB4DDA0234573320106C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="6AB1EC7F7EEBB4DDA0234573320106C1">1</tableCitation>
). The species occurs in plant communities with low species richness, along with 
<taxonomicName family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Nitrophila" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nitrophila australis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nitrophila australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Chodat &amp; Wilczek and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Salicornia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salicornia pulvinata" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulvinata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Salicornia pulvinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
R.E.Fr.; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Frankeniaceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baccharis acaulis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Baccharis acaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Wedd. ex R.E.Fr.) Cabrera; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Frankeniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Frankeniaceae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaginaceae" genus="Frankenia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Frankenia triandra" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triandra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Frankenia triandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Juncaginaceae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triglochin" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Triglochin concinna" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concinna">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Triglochin concinna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Burtt Davy; and 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Distichlis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Distichlis humilis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distichlis humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. spicata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spicata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. spicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/607705" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Saline environments of the Altiplano-Puna region (South America) in which 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycium humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycium humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Salar del Hombre Muerto (Catamarca, Argentina) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Los Colorados (Salta, Argentina) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
Salar de Uyuni (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
, Bolivia).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
According to the IUCN criteria (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Kurtziana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B18" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
), a category of Least Concern (LC; B, C and D criteria) is recommended for 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycium humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycium humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on its extent of occurrence of 190,477 km2, area of occupancy of more than 2,000 km2, and large population size with more than 10,000 mature individuals observed. Large mining operations in the Andes may produce a continuing decline of area, extent and/or quality of habitat (
<bibRefCitation author="Schiaffini, H" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Carrera de Sociologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="121 - 136" publicationUrl="https://publicaciones.sociales.uba.ar/index.php/entramadosyperspectivas/article/view/152" refId="B39" refString="Schiaffini, H, 2013. Litio, llamas y sal en la Puna argentina. Pueblos originarios y expropiacion en torno al control territorial de Salinas Grandes. Revista de la Carrera de Sociologia 3 (3): 121 - 136, https://publicaciones.sociales.uba.ar/index.php/entramadosyperspectivas/article/view/152" title="Litio, llamas y sal en la Puna argentina. Pueblos originarios y expropiacion en torno al control territorial de Salinas Grandes." url="https://publicaciones.sociales.uba.ar/index.php/entramadosyperspectivas/article/view/152" volume="3" year="2013">Schiaffini 2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2019.04.016" author="Liu, W" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="145 - 156" refId="B22" refString="Liu, W, Agusdinata, DB, Myint, SW, 2019. Spatiotemporal patterns of lithium mining and environmental degradation in the Atacama Salt Flat, Chile. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 80: 145 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2019.04.016" title="Spatiotemporal patterns of lithium mining and environmental degradation in the Atacama Salt Flat, Chile." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2019.04.016" volume="80" year="2019">Liu et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
) which could adversely affect some subpopulations located at specific sites of the salars. But considering its widespread occurrence and healthy populations found in several locations within protected areas in Argentina (Laguna Blanca Biosphere Reserve, Lagunas Altoandinas y 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Puneñas">Punenas</normalizedToken>
de Catamarca Ramsar Site and Los Andes Provincial Reserve) and Chile (Llullaillaco National Park), this activity may not represent a current threat to this species at regional scale.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="6AB1EC7F7EEBB4DDA0234573320106C1" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6AB1EC7F7EEBB4DDA0234573320106C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 1.</emphasis>
Edaphic variables of saturated paste extract, bare soil and soil covered by 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for each study site. Specimen vouchers were deposited at CORD.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Site</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Geographical coordinates</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimen voucher</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Edaphic variables</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bare soil (%)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Soil covered by 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(%)
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cl-(mg/L)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ca2+ (mg/L)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mg2+ (mg/L)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Na+ (mg/L)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pH</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">EC (dS/m)</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Laguna Pasto Ventura</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="44.0133" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-26.733555">26°44.0133'S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="9.4433" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.15739">67°9.4433'W</geoCoordinate>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Barboza G.E. et al. 4725</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1134.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">48.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">14.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2144.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">7.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">99.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">15.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">16.9</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Carachi Pampa</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="26.0633" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-26.43439">26°26.0633'S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="29.38" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-67.48967">67°29.38'W</geoCoordinate>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Barboza G.E. et al. 4304</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">14512.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1500.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1518.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">12000.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">9.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">112.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">70.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">17.7</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Salar de Antofalla</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="31.93" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-25.532167">25°31.93'S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="34.855" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.58092">67°34.855'W</geoCoordinate>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Barboza G.E. et al. 4313</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">23181.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">480.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">60.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">14875.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">160.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">52.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">39.2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Salar del Hombre Muerto</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="27.8017" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-25.463362">25°27.8017'S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="10.37" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-67.17284">67°10.37'W</geoCoordinate>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Barboza G.E. et al. 4309b</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">31311.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1800.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">741.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">17125.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">182.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">55.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">34.4</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Salar Tolar Grande</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="35.575" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.592916">24°35.575'S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="23.4783" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.391304">67°23.4783'W</geoCoordinate>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Barboza G.E. et al. 4749</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">3200.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">25.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">4.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">20281.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">7.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">203.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">61.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">12.8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Los Colorados</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="35.4217" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.590363">24°35.4217'S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="8.2083" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.1368">67°8.2083'W</geoCoordinate>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Barboza G.E. et al. 4347</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">45191.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">440.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2940.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">25375.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">290.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">82.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">28.1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Salar del Diablo</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="37.8667" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.631111">24°37.8667'S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="15.7667" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.26278">67°15.7667'W</geoCoordinate>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Barboza G.E. et al. 4349</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">46576.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">580.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">437.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">29375.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">290.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">47.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">11.2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Total average</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">23586.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">696.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">816.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">17310.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">191.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">55.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">22.9</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Standard deviation (SD)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">18516.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">690.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1082.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8977.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">76.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">20.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">11.0</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="new country record">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">New country record.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Bolivia. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
: Dept. Daniel Campos, Uyuni, entrando a Coqueza por el propio salar de Uyuni; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="54.2333" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-9.903889">9°54.2333'S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="37.3667" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.62278">67°37.3667'W</geoCoordinate>
; 3665 m elev.; 13 Dec. 2017; G.E. Barboza 4868 (CORD00086059; LPB).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic note">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic note.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
R.A. 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.162865" author="Philippi, RA" journalOrPublisher="Eduard Anton, Halle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B33" refString="Philippi, RA, 1860. Florula Atacamensis seu enumeratio plantarum quas in itinere per desertum Atacamense. Eduard Anton, Halle, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.162865" title="Florula Atacamensis seu enumeratio plantarum quas in itinere per desertum Atacamense." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.162865" year="1860">Philippi (1860)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on his plant collections from his trip to the Atacama Desert during the summer of 1853-1854. The protologue mentioned three localities in Antofagasta, Chile: &quot;primum prope Cachiyuyal 25°22' lat. m. 4000 p.s.m. legi, deinde ad aquam Profetas dictam 24°45' lat. m., 9000 p.s.m., in valle Chaco 25°15' lat. m., 8500 p.s.m.&quot;. Of these three syntypes, 
<bibRefCitation author="Munoz Pizarro, C" journalOrPublisher="Ediciones de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B27" refString="Munoz Pizarro, C, 1960. Las especies de plantas descritas por RA Philippi en el siglo XIX. Estudio critico en la identificacion de sus tipos nomenclaturales. Ediciones de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile" title="Las especies de plantas descritas por RA Philippi en el siglo XIX. Estudio critico en la identificacion de sus tipos nomenclaturales." year="1960">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
Pizarro (1960)
</bibRefCitation>
found a single sheet at SGO (acc. # 055683; Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Lectotype of Lycium humile Phil. (SGO 055683). Digital image by courtesy of the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/607703" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
) that matches the species and the protologue, being designated by him as 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“type”">&quot;type&quot;</normalizedToken>
of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We consider his citation as an inadvertent lectotypification (see article 7.11 in 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" author="Turland, NJ" journalOrPublisher="Chloris Chilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B45" refString="Turland, NJ, Wiersema, JH, Barrie, FR, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Kusber, W-H, Li, D-Z, Marhold, K, May, TW, McNeill, J, Monro, AM, Prado, J, Price, MJ, Smith, GF [Eds], 2018. International code of nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" title="International code of nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" year="2018">Turland et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The sheet SGO 055683 bears two labels with different localities, collectors and dates. One label reads &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycium humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycium humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ph., incolis Jume, Ad aquas [Profetas] deserti frequens, Decembri. Januario, Ph.&quot;, it agrees with the protologue. The other label reads &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycium humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycium humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ph., Juntas arriba, januar 1885, F. Ph.&quot;, which belongs to a collection done by F. Philippi after the description of the species (1860) and is therefore not original material. All material mounted on this single herbarium sheet belongs to 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and it is impossible to recognize the branches which were gathered by R.A. Philippi. In fact, the sheet also has a label written by 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
Pizarro indicating that there is a mix (
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘mezcla!’">'mezcla!'</normalizedToken>
), which likely refers to mixed material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
After the work of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
Pizarro, 
<bibRefCitation author="Bernardello, G" editor="Zuloaga, F" journalOrPublisher="13, Solanaceae. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, San Isidro" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="47 - 75" refId="B7" refString="Bernardello, G, 2013. Lycium. In: Zuloaga, F, Belgrano, M, Anton, A, Eds., Flora Argentina: Vol. 13, Solanaceae. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, San Isidro: 47 - 75" title="Lycium." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina: Vol." year="2013">Bernardello (2013)</bibRefCitation>
selected as the lectotype of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. humile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the specimen SGO 055684, whose label reads &quot;Encantada, Chaco&quot;. Although the second locality 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Chaco”">&quot;Chaco&quot;</normalizedToken>
is mentioned in the protologue, this specimen cannot be considered as lectotype because it was collected by K. Reiche (inferred by the handwriting of the collector; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432012000100012" author="Munoz-Schick, M" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="123 - 135" refId="B28" refString="Munoz-Schick, M, Morales, V, Moreira-Munoz, A, 2012. La coleccion de tipos de plantas vasculares del Herbario Nacional de Chile (SGO): Analisis historico, temporal y espacial. Gayana. Botanica 69 (1): 123 - 135, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432012000100012" title="La coleccion de tipos de plantas vasculares del Herbario Nacional de Chile (SGO): Analisis historico, temporal y espacial. Gayana." url="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432012000100012" volume="69" year="2012">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz-Schick">Munoz-Schick</normalizedToken>
et al. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) after the publication of the protologue and therefore it is not original material (see article 9.4 in 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" author="Turland, NJ" journalOrPublisher="Chloris Chilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B45" refString="Turland, NJ, Wiersema, JH, Barrie, FR, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Kusber, W-H, Li, D-Z, Marhold, K, May, TW, McNeill, J, Monro, AM, Prado, J, Price, MJ, Smith, GF [Eds], 2018. International code of nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" title="International code of nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" year="2018">Turland et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>