195 lines
19 KiB
XML
195 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.238.3884" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ef437d7-50fb-4840-aced-3737357c9b03" ID-PMC="PMC3496946" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-238-77" ID-PubMed="23226709" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-238-77" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 238" ModsDocTitle="Two new species of Tornidae (Caenogastropoda, Rissooidea) from Espírito Santo, Brazil" checkinTime="1451248581894" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Simone, Luiz Ricardo L." docDate="2012" docId="E574BC171DFD6521B4B0C4D1DEF79A9F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 238: 77-85" docOrigin="ZooKeys 238" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.238.3884" docTitle="Episcynia itanhura Simone, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="82" masterDocId="FF9EFFACFFA0FFE6FFADFF95110CFFCE" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Tornidae (Caenogastropoda, Rissooidea) from Espirito Santo, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="77" pageNumber="80" updateTime="1668154674805" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Two new species of Tornidae (Caenogastropoda, Rissooidea) from Espirito Santo, Brazil</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>238</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>77</mods:start>
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<mods:end>85</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.238.3884</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.238.3884</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-238-77</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037759" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:154F48BF-4FB0-44B1-B83A-62C1650CB74E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E574BC171DFD6521B4B0C4D1DEF79A9F" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="80" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:154F48BF-4FB0-44B1-B83A-62C1650CB74E" class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia itanhura" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="itanhura">Episcynia itanhura</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="80">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 16-27
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="80" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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<taxonomicName genus="Episcinia" lsidName="Episcinia inornata" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" rank="species" species="inornata">Episcinia inornata</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="80">Rios 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 59 (fig. 221),
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<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="80">2009</bibRefCitation>
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: 101 (fig. 245) (non
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orbigny">d'Orbigny</normalizedToken>
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, 1842).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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<taxonomicName genus="Episcinia" lsidName="Episcinia inornata" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" rank="species" species="inornata">Episcinia inornata</taxonomicName>
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form
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“multicarinata”">"multicarinata"</normalizedToken>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Rubio, F" journalOrPublisher="Iberus" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 230" title="The family Tornidae (Gastropoda, Rissooidea) in the Caribbean and neighboring areas." volume="29" year="2011">Rubio et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 126 (fig. 68D) (non Dall, 1889).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="80" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">Holotype MZSP 106553 (Figs 16-18). Paratypes: 106556, 18 shells, MNRJ, 3 shells, USNM, 3 shells, all from type locality.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="80" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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BRAZIL.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
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Santo;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Mateus, Guriri, 18°47'S, 32°39'W, 3 m depth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">Diagnosis. Shell relatively trochoid. Periostracum with 3 series of peripheral fringes constituted of irregular rods. Surface smooth except for peripheral line of pustules. Peripheral carina wanting (profile rounded).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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Shell. Up to ~2.5 mm, discoid (Figs 18, 24) to trochiform (Figs 20, 25); height ~57-68% of maximum width (Figs 18, 20, 24, 25). Color white,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="81" start="start">weakly</pageBreakToken>
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translucent (Figs 16-20). Protoconch of 1 whorl, ~90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, weakly-turbiform (Figs 26, 27); whorl of rounded profile, suture shallow; surface glossy, smooth; occupying ~7% of shell size; located almost central, weakly dislocated towards right (Fig. 17). Transition protoconch-teleoconch clear, orthocline (Figs 26, 27). Spire dome-shaped to elevated, with ~66% of shell width; ~60-64% of shell height. Te
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="82" start="start">leoconch</pageBreakToken>
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up to 4 whorls, uniformly growing inferiorly; last whorl with rounded profile, lacking peripheral carina. Sculpture practically absent, except for growth lines looking undulations and aligned set of small pustules located just superiorly to suture and in middle level of past whorl periphery; each pustule rounded, separated from neighboring pustules by space equivalent to half its width; 2 to 4 equidistant, very weak spiral cords present in ~50% of specimens located in superior region of each whorl (Figs 20, 25); inferior region of body whorl only with growth lines (Figs 19, 22). Umbilicum widely opened; maximum diameter ~30% shell width; flanking by strong, somewhat planar slope, beating only growth lines; weak angulation marking periphery of umbilicum (Figs 19, 23, 24, 25). Aperture slightly prosocline (Figs 21, 22, 23); elliptical (longer axis vertical) (Figs 24, 25); with ~36% shell width, ~40-43% of shell height. Callus practically absent, weakly covering adjacent whorl in apertural implantation (Figs 21, 23).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Periostracum (Figs 16-18). Opaque, transparent, color yellowish beige (Figs 16-18). Three series of rods running on periphery (Fig. 18); central fringe running on pustule lines; other 2 fringes running above and below central fringe, distance between fringes equivalent to ~1/3 of whorl height; periostracum rods located on fringes not uniformly distributed and sized; longer rods extending ~10% shell width, weakly coiled, distantly separated from neighbor rods.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Measurements (in mm). Holotype (Fig. 18): 2.0 by 1.1; paratypes MZSP 106556 (Fig. 20)#1: 2.2 by 1.3; (Fig. 24)#5: 2.6 by 1.5; (Fig. 25)#4: 2.5 by 1.6.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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Figures 16-27.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia itanhura" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="itanhura">Episcynia itanhura</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. types 16 holotype MZSP 106553, umbilical view (W 2.0 mm) 17 same, apical view 18 same, apertural view 19 paratype MZSP 106556#1, umbilical view (W 2.2 mm) 20 same, apertural view 21 #2, SEM, umbilical-slightly apertural view (W 2.5 mm) 22 #3, SEM, umbilical view (W 2.1 mm) 23 #4, SEM, apertural-slightly umbilical view (W 2.5 mm) 24 #5, SEM, apertural view (W 2.6 mm) 25 #4, SEM, apertural view 26 #6, SEM, apical view (W 1.0 mm) 27 #6, detail of protoconch (scale 50µm).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="82" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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Brazil, from Bahia to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="82" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Sandy bottoms, ~3 m depth (no living specimens collected).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="82" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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Types. Additional material: MZSP 106571, 90 shells from type locality. BRAZIL. Bahia; Salvador,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Itapoã">Itapoa</normalizedToken>
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beach, MZSP 53439, 1 shell (C.M. Cunha col.). Rio de Janeiro; Cabo Frio, MZSP 57159, 2 shells (17/ii/1970).
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo; off Ubatuba, MZSP 88431, 1 shell (Veliger II, sta. PI-15; 21/i/1986); 23°33'978"S, 45°09'821"W, 12.3 m depth, MZSP 42087, 1 shell (Biota sta. 145i; 16/iv/2002). N.B. These samples are not part of the type material because of low quality of the shell preservation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="82" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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The specific epithet is derived from the Paritintin word
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Itanhura’mbi">Itanhura'mbi</normalizedToken>
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- chain used as necklace (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Betts 1981</bibRefCitation>
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), an allusion to the peripheral ornamentation of the shell.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia itanhura" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="itanhura">Episcynia itanhura</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia inornata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inornata">Episcynia inornata</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orbigny">d'Orbigny</normalizedToken>
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, 1842), from Florida and Caribbean, differing in lacking so developed peripheral carina, the profile of each whorl is rounded while that of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia inornata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inornata">Episcynia inornata</taxonomicName>
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is bluntly pointed (
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<bibRefCitation author="Rubio, F" journalOrPublisher="Iberus" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 230" title="The family Tornidae (Gastropoda, Rissooidea) in the Caribbean and neighboring areas." volume="29" year="2011">Rubio et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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, Figs 68B, 69);
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia itanhura" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="itanhura">Episcynia itanhura</taxonomicName>
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has a more developed axial undulation, almost sculpture (e.g., Figs 20, 25), this is rare in
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia inornata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inornata">Episcynia inornata</taxonomicName>
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, in such the surface is smoother and glossy. The size of the protoconch of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia inornata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inornata">Episcynia inornata</taxonomicName>
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has been referred as 190
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Rubio, F" journalOrPublisher="Iberus" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 230" title="The family Tornidae (Gastropoda, Rissooidea) in the Caribbean and neighboring areas." volume="29" year="2011">Rubio et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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), while that of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia itanhura" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="itanhura">Episcynia itanhura</taxonomicName>
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is about half that size (~90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, Figs 26, 27). The periostracum rods are organized in 3 fringes in
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia itanhura" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="itanhura">Episcynia itanhura</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 18), while a single pair is found in
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia inornata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inornata">Episcynia inornata</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Andrews 1971</bibRefCitation>
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: 68;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Abbott 1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 86). The 3 fringes are also found in
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia multicarinata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multicarinata">Episcynia multicarinata</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Dall 1889</bibRefCitation>
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), from North Carolina
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="83" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
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north Caribbean,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia itanhura" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="itanhura">Episcynia itanhura</taxonomicName>
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differs in having periostracum rods more sparsely and less uniformly developed, by the deeper suture, and by the straighter profile of spire. The differences between Caribbean and Brazilian specimens have been pointed in literature (
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<bibRefCitation author="Rubio, F" journalOrPublisher="Iberus" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 230" title="The family Tornidae (Gastropoda, Rissooidea) in the Caribbean and neighboring areas." volume="29" year="2011">Rubio et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 68D), however, the differences obviously did not influenced the specific separation. Nevertheless, some doubt still remains in relation to the specimen figures in that paper (
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<bibRefCitation author="Rubio, F" journalOrPublisher="Iberus" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 230" title="The family Tornidae (Gastropoda, Rissooidea) in the Caribbean and neighboring areas." volume="29" year="2011">Rubio et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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), because that illustrated specimen has whorls with almost squared profile, possibly it belong to another undescribed specimen. No specimen with such features has been examined herein. Additionally, there is some uncertainties respect to the possible synonymy between
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia inornata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inornata">Episcynia inornata</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia multicarinata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multicarinata">Episcynia multicarinata</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Dall 1889</bibRefCitation>
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), described from North Carolina.
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<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Dall (1889</bibRefCitation>
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: 392-393) clearly stated a specimen with four to five carinas per whorl. This feature is not found in
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia inornata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inornata">Episcynia inornata</taxonomicName>
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or allied species; this can demonstrate a valid entity. Moreover, Dall still described a more richness of sculpture, a lack of periostracal fringe in peripheral carina, and color yellow, whose can be extra indicative of specific differentiation. Despite further studies are necessary to clarify the question,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia itanhura" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="itanhura">Episcynia itanhura</taxonomicName>
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cannot be confused with
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Tornidae" genus="Episcynia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Episcynia multicarinata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multicarinata">Episcynia multicarinata</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |