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<mods:title id="5B5AC6C90DBFC81F94FA1C69BA6EDC57">Designation of a Neotype for the Dwarf Sea Hare Aplysia concava G. B. Sowerby I, 1833, and a Review of the Status of Aplysia norfolkensis G. B. Sowerby II, 1869 (Mollusca: Heterobranchia)</mods:title>
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<heading id="4562819DFFBFCB57FCDFFAE5B82E574D" bold="true" box="[831,1385,1289,1321]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="D9954D72FFBFCB57FCDFFAE5B82E574D" ID-CoL="84VNH" authority="G. B. Sowerby I, 1833" authorityName="G. B. Sowerby I" authorityYear="1833" box="[831,1385,1289,1321]" class="Gastropoda" family="Aplysiidae" genus="Aplysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplysiida" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="concava">
<emphasis id="2CE1EAE3FFBFCB57FCDFFAE5B82E574D" bold="true" box="[831,1385,1289,1321]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="2CE1EAE3FFBFCB57FCDFFAE5B965574D" bold="true" box="[831,1058,1289,1321]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Aplysia concava</emphasis>
G. B.
<bibRefCitation id="7A044B00FFBFCB57FB9FFAE6B82E574D" author="Sowerby I, G. B." box="[1151,1385,1290,1321]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" pagination="235" refId="ref2893" refString="Sowerby I, G. B. 1833. The Genera of Recent and Fossil Shells, for the use of Students, in Conchology and Geology, vol. 2, pl. 235, fig. 3 and unpaginated text. London: Sowerby. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 86281" type="book chapter" year="1833">Sowerby I, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="568F657AFFBFCB57FBD0FAAFB9D955B1" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" type="description">
<paragraph id="1E2A36F1FFBFCB57FBD0FAAFB9305739" blockId="1.[1072,1143,1347,1373]" box="[1072,1143,1347,1373]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">
<figureCitation id="86AE2A74FFBFCB57FBD0FAAFB9305739" box="[1072,1143,1347,1373]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[166,233,1091,1113]" captionTargetBox="[167,1467,151,1080]" captionTargetId="figure-319@2.[167,1467,151,1080]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Photograph of living neotype of Aplysia concava, specimenAMS C.574820, Newcastle, NSW,Australia, collected 14 December 2016, by Stephen D. A. Smith. Photograph: M. Nimbs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7178120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7178120/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E2A36F1FFBFCB57FCFAFA9EB9665464" blockId="1.[793,1422,1394,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">
<bibRefCitation id="7A044B00FFBFCB57FCFAFA9EBE9757EE" author="Sowerby I, G. B." box="[794,976,1394,1418]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" pagination="235" refId="ref2893" refString="Sowerby I, G. B. 1833. The Genera of Recent and Fossil Shells, for the use of Students, in Conchology and Geology, vol. 2, pl. 235, fig. 3 and unpaginated text. London: Sowerby. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 86281" type="book chapter" year="1833">Sowerby I (1833)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="D9954D72FFBFCB57FBDCFA9EB9AF57EE" authorityName="G. B. Sowerby I" authorityYear="1833" box="[1084,1256,1394,1418]" class="Gastropoda" family="Aplysiidae" genus="Aplysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplysiida" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="concava">
<emphasis id="2CE1EAE3FFBFCB57FBDCFA9EB9AF57EE" box="[1084,1256,1394,1418]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Aplysia concava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on a shell from an unknown location. The
<typeStatus id="C12E8853FFBFCB57FB8CFA7CB9DD57CC" box="[1132,1178,1424,1448]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">type</typeStatus>
specimen could not be found at the
<collectingCountry id="66827661FFBFCB57FC40FA41BE8057A0" box="[928,967,1453,1476]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">UK</collectingCountry>
Natural History Museum and is likely lost (A.
<collectingCountry id="66827661FFBFCB57FCA5FA26BEE35786" box="[837,932,1482,1506]" name="El Salvador" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Salvador</collectingCountry>
pers. comm., cited in
<bibRefCitation id="7A044B00FFBFCB57FB7BFA26B8CE5786" author="Golestani, H. &amp; F. Crocetta &amp; V. Padula &amp; Y. Camacho-Garcia &amp; J. Langeneck &amp; D. Poursanidis &amp; M. Pola &amp; J. L. Cervera &amp; D. - W. Jung &amp; T. M. Gosliner &amp; J. F. Araya &amp; Y. Hooker &amp; M. Schrodl &amp; A. Valdes" box="[1179,1417,1482,1506]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" pagination="279 - 330" refId="ref2283" refString="Golestani, H., F. Crocetta, V. Padula, Y. Camacho-Garcia, J. Langeneck, D. Poursanidis, M. Pola, M. B. YokeS, J. L. Cervera, D. - W. Jung, T. M. Gosliner, J. F. Araya, Y. Hooker, M. Schrodl, and A. Valdes. 2019. The little Aplysia coming of age: from one species to a complex of species complexes in Aplysia parvula (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 (2): 279 - 330. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlz 028" type="journal article" year="2019">
Golestani
<emphasis id="2CE1EAE3FFBFCB57FAEAFA27B87C5786" box="[1290,1339,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">et al</emphasis>
., 2019
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7A044B00FFBFCB57FCFAFA04B9515464" author="Nimbs, M. J. &amp; N. G. Wilson" box="[794,1046,1512,1536]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" pagination="48 - 59" refId="ref2616" refString="Nimbs, M. J., and N. G. Wilson. 2021. Saved by the shell: molecular analysis detects the cryptic sea hare, Aplysia concava G. B. Sowerby I, 1833 (Mollusca: Heterobranchia: Aplysiidae), from Oceania, with a redescription. Taxonomy 2021 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / taxonomy 10200060" type="journal article" year="2021">Nimbs &amp; Wilson, 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E2A36F1FFBFCB57FCD8F9E9B8CE548E" blockId="1.[793,1422,1394,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">
In accordance with Article 75.3 of The Code (ICZN 1999), specimen AMS C.574820 collected from
<collectingRegion id="DC51F813FFBFCB57FAF8F9CEB8CD545E" box="[1304,1418,1570,1594]" country="United Kingdom" name="Newcastle upon Tyne" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Newcastle</collectingRegion>
, NSW, on
<date id="6A2B1031FFBFCB57FC9EF9ACB9015433" box="[894,1094,1599,1624]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" value="2016-12-14">14 December 2016</date>
by Stephen D. A. Smith is here designated as
<typeStatus id="C12E8853FFBFCB57FC51F9B1B9425411" box="[945,1029,1629,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
for
<taxonomicName id="D9954D72FFBFCB57FBD4F9B1BE2054F6" authority="G. B. Sowerby I, 1833" authorityName="G. B. Sowerby I" authorityYear="1833" class="Gastropoda" family="Aplysiidae" genus="Aplysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplysiida" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="concava">
<emphasis id="2CE1EAE3FFBFCB57FBD4F9B1B9A25411" box="[1076,1253,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Aplysia concava</emphasis>
G. B.
<bibRefCitation id="7A044B00FFBFCB57FACEF9B1BE2054F6" author="Sowerby I, G. B." pageId="1" pageNumber="148" pagination="235" refId="ref2893" refString="Sowerby I, G. B. 1833. The Genera of Recent and Fossil Shells, for the use of Students, in Conchology and Geology, vol. 2, pl. 235, fig. 3 and unpaginated text. London: Sowerby. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 86281" type="book chapter" year="1833">Sowerby I, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
for the purpose of clarifying the taxonomic status of the species (
<figureCitation id="86AE2A74FFBFCB57FC20F974B94654D4" box="[960,1025,1688,1712]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[166,233,1091,1113]" captionTargetBox="[167,1467,151,1080]" captionTargetId="figure-319@2.[167,1467,151,1080]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Photograph of living neotype of Aplysia concava, specimenAMS C.574820, Newcastle, NSW,Australia, collected 14 December 2016, by Stephen D. A. Smith. Photograph: M. Nimbs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7178120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7178120/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Characters that define the
<typeStatus id="C12E8853FFBFCB57FAD9F974B8CA54D4" box="[1337,1421,1688,1712]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
and differentiate it from other taxa in the
<emphasis id="2CE1EAE3FFBFCB57FB02F959BE06548E" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">
<taxonomicName id="D9954D72FFBFCB57FB02F959B8CA54A9" authorityName="Morch" authorityYear="1863" box="[1250,1421,1717,1741]" class="Gastropoda" family="Aplysiidae" genus="Aplysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplysiida" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="parvula">Aplysia parvula</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="37D25798FFBFCB57FCFCF93FBE06548E" box="[796,833,1746,1770]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" sensu="lato">s. l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
species complex are listed in
<bibRefCitation id="7A044B00FFBFCB57FB9FF93EB8C2548E" author="Nimbs, M. J. &amp; N. G. Wilson" box="[1151,1413,1746,1770]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" pagination="48 - 59" refId="ref2616" refString="Nimbs, M. J., and N. G. Wilson. 2021. Saved by the shell: molecular analysis detects the cryptic sea hare, Aplysia concava G. B. Sowerby I, 1833 (Mollusca: Heterobranchia: Aplysiidae), from Oceania, with a redescription. Taxonomy 2021 (1): 48 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / taxonomy 10200060" type="journal article" year="2021">Nimbs &amp; Wilson (2021)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E2A36F1FFBFCB57FCD8F91CB9D955B1" blockId="1.[793,1422,1394,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">
<materialsCitation id="AEFD3CACFFBFCB57FCD8F91CB9DC55B1" collectionCode="AMS" collectorName="Although &amp; Sowerby I &amp; Sowerby II &amp; Given &amp; Newcastle" country="Australia" county="Sydney" location="central east Australian" municipality="Australian Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="neotype">
<collectorName id="B3605327FFBFCB57FCD8F91CBEE7556C" box="[824,928,1776,1800]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Although</collectorName>
the type locality for
<taxonomicName id="D9954D72FFBFCB57FB7EF91CB81F5563" authorityName="G. B. Sowerby I" authorityYear="1833" box="[1182,1368,1776,1800]" class="Gastropoda" family="Aplysiidae" genus="Aplysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplysiida" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="concava">
<emphasis id="2CE1EAE3FFBFCB57FB7EF91CB81F5563" box="[1182,1368,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Aplysia concava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not specified by
<collectorName id="B3605327FFBFCB57FC38F8E1B9095540" box="[984,1102,1805,1829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Sowerby I</collectorName>
, it was listed as “
<collectingCountry id="66827661FFBFCB57FAFCF8E1B8C35541" box="[1308,1412,1805,1829]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Australia</collectingCountry>
” by
<collectorName id="B3605327FFBFCB57FCDCF8C6BEF25526" box="[828,949,1834,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Sowerby II</collectorName>
in 1869.
<collectorName id="B3605327FFBFCB57FBFDF8C6B9195526" box="[1053,1118,1834,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Given</collectorName>
the broad geographic scope associated with this putative original type locality, a specimen collected from
<collectorName id="B3605327FFBFCB57FBD1F889B9E45519" box="[1073,1187,1893,1917]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Newcastle</collectorName>
, NSW on the
<location id="1B4A602AFFBFCB57FAA5F889BEFF55FE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:963C87E7FFBFCB57FCDFFAE5B9D955B1:1B4A602AFFBFCB57FAA5F889BEFF55FE" country="Australia" county="Sydney" municipality="Australian Museum" name="central east Australian" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">central east Australian</location>
coast was selected as a reasonable
<typeStatus id="C12E8853FFBFCB57FAD2F86FB8CD55FF" box="[1330,1418,1923,1947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
. The
<typeStatus id="C12E8853FFBFCB57FCAAF84CBED955DC" box="[842,926,1952,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
has been lodged with the
<collectingMunicipality id="FE4EAC8BFFBFCB57FB53F84CB8CE55D3" box="[1203,1417,1952,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Australian Museum</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="F74B4E7DFFBFCB57FCFAF851BE2C55B1" box="[794,875,1981,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Sydney</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="66827661FFBFCB57FC94F851BE9155B1" box="[884,982,1981,2005]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="7884AE34FFBFCB57FC04F851B95855B1" box="[996,1055,1981,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148">AMS</collectionCode>
C.574820)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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