524 lines
39 KiB
XML
524 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1145-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" ID-ZooBank="830628C276CD4641BFC6144CD775ED6B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1145-1" checkinTime="1675506069289" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hedin, Marshal & Milne, Marc A." docDate="2023" docId="787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1145: 1-130" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1145" docPubDate="2023-02-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724" docTitle="Nesticus crosbyi Gertsch 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" masterDocTitle="New species in old mountains: integrative taxonomy reveals ten new species and extensive short-range endemism in Nesticus spiders (Araneae, Nesticidae) from the southern Appalachian Mountains" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1675506069289" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species in old mountains: integrative taxonomy reveals ten new species and extensive short-range endemism in Nesticus spiders (Araneae, Nesticidae) from the southern Appalachian Mountains</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hedin, Marshal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182 - 4614, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mhedin@sdsu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Milne, Marc A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-0161</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46227, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1145</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>130</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1145-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">830628C276CD4641BFC6144CD775ED6B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="478XB" ID-ENA="60727" LSID="787A7E46-5C9B-55CA-AAA9-E920E100F637" authority="Gertsch, 1984" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus crosbyi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crosbyi">Nesticus crosbyi Gertsch, 1984</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Nesticus crosbyi ♂ palps. North Carolina, Yancey Co., Mt. Mitchell SP, just NE of summit parking lot, MCH specimen # 1201, dorsal (A), ventral (B) C North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Prices Creek Road at Price Creek, MCH 07 _ 149, ventral D North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Walker branch of Dillingham Creek, MCH 02 _ 196, ventral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804488" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 37A-D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Nesticus crosbyi epigynal variation. North Carolina, Yancey Co., Mt. Mitchell SP, MCH specimen # 1204, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., SW of Cane River Gap, MCH 01 _ 167, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Prices Creek Road at Price Creek, MCH 07 _ 149, ventral (E), dorsal (F). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Walker branch of Dillingham Creek, MCH 02 _ 196, ventral (G), dorsal (H). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804489" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 38A-H</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus crosbyi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crosbyi">Nesticus crosbyi</taxonomicName>
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Gertsch, 1984: 33, figs 173, 174.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Type material:
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1960-08-22" collectingDateMax="2007-08-22" collectingDateMin="1960-08-22" collectorName="T. C. Barr, New, Mt. Mitchell SP, M. Hedin, B. Dellinger, R. Keith, J. Starrett, S. Thomas, Non, Walker, M. Lowder, P. Paquin, Barnardsville, Cattail Peak, Blue Ridge Parkway, Bald Knob Ridge Trail, M. McCormack, S. Derkarabetian, Chestnut, R. McClanahan, Hwy, Big Laurel Mountain, N, Prices Creek Road" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" location="Mt. Mitchell" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" specimenCount="25" specimenCount-female="21" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="North Carolina">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty>Yancey Co.</collectingCounty>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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;
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<collectingMunicipality>Commissary Ridge Trail</collectingMunicipality>
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, 100 yards west of main peak of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:EFD2039CF2D185346A67443642BDF390" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Mt. Mitchell" stateProvince="North Carolina">Mt. Mitchell</location>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1960-08-22">22 Aug. 1960</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>T.C. Barr</collectorName>
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leg.; AMNH;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectorName>New</collectorName>
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collections from near type locality
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</emphasis>
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: -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:ADE6520464554CFDC8CA5BEAB6330FD6" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Yancey Co." stateProvince="North Carolina">Yancey Co.</location>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectorName>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:53DCF9D60AF16CF4B71F9886C7DEFE59" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Mt. Mitchell" stateProvince="North Carolina">Mt. Mitchell</location>
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SP
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</collectorName>
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, just NE summit parking lot;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7671" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7671">35.7671°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="82.2641" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.2641">82.2641°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1992-08-15">15 Aug. 1992</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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leg.; •
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectorName>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:D851718129B3F19C081886A10BA1B1B5" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Mt. Mitchell" stateProvince="North Carolina">Mt. Mitchell</location>
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SP
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</collectorName>
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, just NE summit parking lot;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7671" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7671">35.7671°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="82.2641" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.2641">82.2641°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1999-05-04">4 May. 1999</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>B. Dellinger</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 99_012; •
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectorName>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:43803C47FFB8E0D853C5E18A58EE0B2A" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Mt. Mitchell" stateProvince="North Carolina">Mt. Mitchell</location>
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SP
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</collectorName>
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, just NE summit parking lot;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7671" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7671">35.7671°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="82.2641" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.2641">82.2641°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2005-08-25">25 Aug. 2005</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 05_083;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectorName>Non</collectorName>
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type material
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</emphasis>
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: -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:F7231705E637E09D1692B13FFC8715AF" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Buncombe Co." stateProvince="North Carolina">Buncombe Co.</location>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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, 3 imm;
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<collectorName>Walker</collectorName>
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branch of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:BAFDDEF4C21F2071EAFF40FD88178788" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Dillingham Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Dillingham Creek</location>
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, drainage
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<locationDeviation location="Walker Falls">N of Walker Falls</locationDeviation>
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branch,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:C793E1174A01A3DD717F21815D27B3E0" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Little Andy Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Little Andy Creek</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7677" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7677">35.7677°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="82.3594" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.3594">82.3594°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2001-08-25">25 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 01_168; •
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectorName>Walker</collectorName>
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branch of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:0EC36A2CB1227720A411E736E54BF504" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Dillingham Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Dillingham Creek</location>
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, drainage
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<locationDeviation location="Walker Falls">N of Walker Falls</locationDeviation>
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branch,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:8048B05A90F09AC2757F69DEF58CCF58" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Little Andy Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Little Andy Creek</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7677" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7677">35.7677°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="82.3594" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.3594">82.3594°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2002-09-05">5 Sep. 2002</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 02_196; •
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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, 1 imm; SW of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:FE5A88E86A468DCEB64FF86E1F649C15" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Cane River Gap" stateProvince="North Carolina">Cane River Gap</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:24F2CDBED02651D94BD53939ADD1726D" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Hwy" stateProvince="North Carolina">Hwy</location>
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197, 5 mi ENE
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<collectorName>Barnardsville</collectorName>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.8036" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.8036">35.8036°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="82.3536" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.3536">82.3536°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2001-08-25">25 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 01_167; -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:EC6FDF823DE08F1FCFF94B96C15644A4" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Yancey Co." stateProvince="North Carolina">Yancey Co.</location>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:8E8C527EC2CF2259B29335A169F2BE3D" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Black Mountains" stateProvince="North Carolina">Black Mountains</location>
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, near
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<collectorName>Cattail Peak</collectorName>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7977" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7977">35.7977°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="82.2564" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.2564">82.2564°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1999-05-04">4 May. 1999</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>B. Dellinger</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 99_012a; • 1 imm (identification based on geography and mitochondrial evidence);
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<collectorName>Blue Ridge Parkway</collectorName>
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at
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<collectorName>Bald Knob Ridge Trail</collectorName>
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, near entrance to
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<collectorName>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:EB048DBC0E1AD915EF7BB5C4C25D5F49" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Mt. Mitchell" stateProvince="North Carolina">Mt. Mitchell</location>
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SP
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</collectorName>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.715" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="35.715">35.715°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="82.2736" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.2736">82.2736°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2007-08-21">21 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
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;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 07_141; •
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
|
; FR 472 along
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:F73AF4F0FD2B74AA5EAC3527EC1B986D" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="South Toe River" stateProvince="North Carolina">South Toe River</location>
|
|
, below
|
|
<collectorName>Chestnut</collectorName>
|
|
knob;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7265" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7265">35.7265°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="82.2452" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.2452">82.2452°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2001-08-20">20 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>R. McClanahan</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 01_143; •
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:8AC51F219FC3372A8E11D53460304A42" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Mt. Mitchell" stateProvince="North Carolina">Mt. Mitchell</location>
|
|
SP
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
, near
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:18CE9D31ACE040D1F6E767CB54830212" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Mt Craig" stateProvince="North Carolina">Mt Craig</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7776" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7776">35.7776°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="82.2616" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.2616">82.2616°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="1999-05-04">4 May. 1999</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>B. Dellinger</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 99_012a; •
|
|
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
|
, 1 imm;
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:9C7DECB1A3DFDFDC3AC98EDBFA3F9D19" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Mt. Mitchell" stateProvince="North Carolina">Mt. Mitchell</location>
|
|
SP
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
, off
|
|
<collectorName>Hwy</collectorName>
|
|
128,
|
|
<locationDeviation firstLocation="Mt Gibbes" secondLocation="Stepps Gap">between Mt Gibbes and Stepps Gap</locationDeviation>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7432" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7432">35.7432°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="82.2788" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.2788">82.2788°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2001-08-26">26 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 01_170; • 1 imm (identification based on UCE and mitochondrial evidence);
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:2CF8649C4D8BA7D7E6BD457515C2A2D4" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Shuford Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Shuford Creek</location>
|
|
, off
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:53B432EA0100B0AE04F4B190E4E8A5FF" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Whiteoak Rd." stateProvince="North Carolina">Whiteoak Rd.</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<locationDeviation location="Celo">SW of Celo</locationDeviation>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.8382" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.8382">35.8382°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="82.2193" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.2193">82.2193°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2007-08-21">21 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 07_139; •
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
|
; south of
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:5E0EE31CF89AC12A880C530E74B35346" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Big Laurel Mountain" stateProvince="North Carolina">Big Laurel Mountain</location>
|
|
, N
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
off
|
|
<collectorName>Blue Ridge Parkway</collectorName>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7401" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7401">35.7401°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="82.1991" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.1991">82.1991°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2001-08-20">20 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>R. McClanahan</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 01_142; •
|
|
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
|
, 1 imm;
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:796F5F222359639E54F271C86BBC83DD" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Prices Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Prices Creek</location>
|
|
Road
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
at
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:787A7E465C9B55CAAAA9E920E100F637:777FED4E3765F6E562C5119FEAD4B16D" country="USA" county="Yancey Co." latitude="35.8448" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.3869" municipality="Commissary Ridge Trail" name="Price Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Price Creek</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.8448" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.8448">35.8448°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="82.3869" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.3869">82.3869°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2007-08-22">22 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 07_149.
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Male palps differ in many ways from other members of the species group (including closest relatives), with a forked base of the tegulum, a narrow, curved tegular apophysis, a beak-like basal process of the median apophysis, and a translucent dorsal paracymbial process with a relatively wide base (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Nesticus crosbyi ♂ palps. North Carolina, Yancey Co., Mt. Mitchell SP, just NE of summit parking lot, MCH specimen # 1201, dorsal (A), ventral (B) C North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Prices Creek Road at Price Creek, MCH 07 _ 149, ventral D North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Walker branch of Dillingham Creek, MCH 02 _ 196, ventral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804488" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37A-D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Females have genitalia similar to members of the close-knit morphological and phylogenetic subgroup, also including
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Coyle & McGarity" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus gertschi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertschi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus gertschi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. secretus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. secretus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. canei" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canei">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. canei</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but can be diagnosed by epigynal internal anterior plates/lobes that differ in shape (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Nesticus crosbyi epigynal variation. North Carolina, Yancey Co., Mt. Mitchell SP, MCH specimen # 1204, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., SW of Cane River Gap, MCH 01 _ 167, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Prices Creek Road at Price Creek, MCH 07 _ 149, ventral (E), dorsal (F). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Walker branch of Dillingham Creek, MCH 02 _ 196, ventral (G), dorsal (H). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804489" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38A-H</figureCitation>
|
|
) and appear to lack the hypothesized vulval pockets (Vp) seen in other members of the species group (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Comparative ♂ ♀ genitalia of Nesticus nasicus group species; ♂ A Nesticus nasicus B N. brimleyi C N. templetoni D N. crosbyi E N. gertschi F N. canei; ♀ G N. nasicus H N. brimleyi I N. templetoni J N. crosbyi K N. gertschi L N. secretus M N. canei. All views ventral. See subsequent figures for specimen locations and voucher details." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804480" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29G-M</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804488" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 37" startId="F37">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 37.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus crosbyi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crosbyi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus crosbyi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
♂ palps. North Carolina, Yancey Co., Mt. Mitchell SP, just NE of summit parking lot, MCH specimen #1201, dorsal (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
), ventral (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Prices Creek Road at Price Creek, MCH 07_149, ventral
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Walker branch of Dillingham Creek, MCH 02_196, ventral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804489" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 38" startId="F38">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 38.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus crosbyi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crosbyi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus crosbyi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
epigynal variation. North Carolina, Yancey Co., Mt. Mitchell SP, MCH specimen #1204, ventral (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
), dorsal (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., SW of Cane River Gap, MCH 01_167, ventral (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
), dorsal (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Prices Creek Road at Price Creek, MCH 07_149, ventral (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
|
), dorsal (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
|
). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Walker branch of Dillingham Creek, MCH 02_196, ventral (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
|
), dorsal (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
|
). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description of ♂ from near type locality</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(MCH specimen #1201).</emphasis>
|
|
Carapace dusky cream to orange, conspicuous faint dark pigment behind ocular area and along carapace margins bleeding inwards. Legs pale yellow to cream. Abdomen mostly pale cream with crisp paired lateral pigmentation blotches. All eyes approximately equal in size, except for AMEs, ~ 1/4 width of ALEs. Eyes with rings of dark pigment. CL 1.6, CW 1.45, abdomen length 2.15, total body length 3.75. Leg I total length 9.85 (2.65, 0.65, 2.95, 2.5, 1.1), Leg formula 1423, leg I / CW ratio 6.8. Palp with forked base of the tegulum, including a short basal branch and a narrow, curved, dark, thin tegular apophysis. Median apophysis with lateral process well-sclerotized and beak-like, thin apical process. Paracymbium with well-developed triangular translucent ventral process, distal process typical for the species group, paradistal process reduced to a sclerotized low ridge, and a translucent dorsal process with a relatively wide base, mostly lacking distal serrations.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Male variation was observed in the shape of the median apophysis lateral process, the paracymbial ventral process, and the proximal fork of the tegulum (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Nesticus crosbyi ♂ palps. North Carolina, Yancey Co., Mt. Mitchell SP, just NE of summit parking lot, MCH specimen # 1201, dorsal (A), ventral (B) C North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Prices Creek Road at Price Creek, MCH 07 _ 149, ventral D North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Walker branch of Dillingham Creek, MCH 02 _ 196, ventral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804488" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37A-D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Female variation was observed in the shape of the epigynal internal anterior lobes (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Nesticus crosbyi epigynal variation. North Carolina, Yancey Co., Mt. Mitchell SP, MCH specimen # 1204, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., SW of Cane River Gap, MCH 01 _ 167, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Prices Creek Road at Price Creek, MCH 07 _ 149, ventral (E), dorsal (F). North Carolina, Buncombe Co., Walker branch of Dillingham Creek, MCH 02 _ 196, ventral (G), dorsal (H). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804489" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38A-H</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Previously known only from the type location (Mt. Mitchell), corresponding to the highest uplands east of the Mississippi River in North America, above 2000 meters in elevation. Our new records indicate that this species is more widespread in the Black Mountains (both to the north and southeast), and we include here new records from west of the Blacks, in the Great Craggy Mountains (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Distribution of Nesticus nasicus group species. Type localities designated with yellow circles. Primary cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions; possible distribution of Nesticus secretus is tentative, see text for details." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804481" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30</figureCitation>
|
|
). This demonstration of an overall larger geographic distribution, with populations also at lower elevations (e.g., Prices Creek at 930 m), has important conservation implications for this species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Most collections have resulted in a relatively modest number of specimens taken. For example, at an apparently pristine boulderfield along the South Toe River (MCH 01_143), three persons each searching for 30 minutes collected four total adult specimens.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Strongly supported as a clade by UCE data (Figs
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. UCE concatenated maximum likelihood tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Node numbers correspond to bootstrap (bold text) / gCF / sCF. Only bootstrap values below 100 shown, all others 100. gCF and sCF values rounded to nearest integer; sCF values below 38 highlighted with red text." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. UCE ASTRAL species tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Included are quartet support values (rounded to nearest integer), and local posterior probability values (if less than 1.0, red text). Branch lengths in coalescent units for internal branches only, terminal branch lengths arbitrary. Internal branch to Nesticus cressleri truncated for graphical purposes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
|
), but not recovered as monophyletic on the mitochondrial gene tree (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. COI IQT gene tree. Distant outgroups trimmed. Specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Sequences from UCE capture denoted with " NODE ". Populations with a " Nesticus cooperi - like " male paracymbium denoted by small circles. Not all tip bootstrap values shown (see Suppl. material 4 for. tre file with all bootstrap values)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804457" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
|
), where sequences are intermixed with sequences from close relatives
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Coyle & McGarity" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus gertschi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertschi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus gertschi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. canei" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. canei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Mitochondrial introgression and/or incomplete lineage sorting could explain this result, as all three species occur in the same geographic region (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Distribution of Nesticus nasicus group species. Type localities designated with yellow circles. Primary cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions; possible distribution of Nesticus secretus is tentative, see text for details." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804481" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30</figureCitation>
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), making lineage contact and introgression possible.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |