194 lines
15 KiB
XML
194 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2193-0074-1-187" ID-Pensoft-UUID="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" ID-ZooBank="6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1" ModsDocID="2193-0074-25-1-187" checkinTime="1667366246929" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Spasojevic, Tamara, Broad, Gavin R. & Klopfstein, Seraina" docDate="2022" docId="71AE0079AEB7559BB20E045D84E99AC6" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilRecord 25(1): 187-212" docOrigin="Fossil Record 25 (1)" docPubDate="2022-06-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034" docTitle="Monoblastus senilis Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein 2022, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" lastPageNumber="187" masterDocId="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" masterDocTitle="Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology" masterLastPageNumber="212" masterPageNumber="187" pageNumber="187" updateTime="1667366246929" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Spasojevic, Tamara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Klopfstein, Seraina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Fossil Record</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-06-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>187</mods:start>
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<mods:end>212</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2193-0074-1-187</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:71AE0079AEB7559BB20E045D84E99AC6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/71AE0079AEB7559BB20E045D84E99AC6" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName LSID="71AE0079-AEB7-559B-B20E-045D84E99AC6" authority="(Brues, 1910)" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brues" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Monoblastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monoblastus senilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senilis" status="comb. nov.">Monoblastus? senilis (Brues, 1910)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="187">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Monoblastus? senilis (Brues, 1910) comb. nov. A. Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ; B. Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83034.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693075" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pimpla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pimpla senilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senilis" status="comb. nov.">* Pimpla senilis</taxonomicName>
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Brues, 1910
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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Photographs of the
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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(part only, #PALE-2160) obtained from the MCZ.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="stratum">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Stratum.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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Female.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Holotype</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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in lateral to ventro-lateral view, with head, base and tip and some intermediate segments of antennae, mesosoma, fore and nearly complete hind wings, hind legs, metasoma and ovipositor with sheaths. Body length 8.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Colouration unclear, as with irregular dark and lighter patches on head, mesosoma and metasoma which are probably a preservation artefact but with what looks more real orange colouration on parts of pronotum, last sternites and legs. Hind tibia with apex darkened. Tergites of metasoma with apical third to half of lighter colour.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Head</emphasis>
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with rather long gena, thus almost globular in shape.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Antennae</emphasis>
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6.2 mm, with more than 30 (probably about 45) flagellomeres, tapering strongly on last third of its length, with basal segments longer than wide and apical segments transverse.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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stout; pronotum probably with strong epomia; mesoscutum rather short, maybe with notauli, with short carinulae on outer side; mesosternum with deep medial sternal groove with transverse carinulae; epicnemial carina curved and reaching up to about mid-height of mesopleuron. Propodeum short, not well preserved, with pleural and submetapleural and probably additional carination present.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Fore wing</emphasis>
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5.35 mm, with areolet quadrate and slightly oblique, receiving 2m-cu a bit apical of its centre, 4M thus shorter than 3M; 1cu-a meeting 2Cu distinctly after 1M; 3Cu a little longer than 2cu-a; vein 1m-cu & 2Rs+M conspicuously bowed; cell 2R about 3.5 as long as wide.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Hind wing</emphasis>
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with 1Cu a bit longer than 1cu-a and 1Rs about 1.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than rs-m.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Legs</emphasis>
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of normal dimensions, hind femur 3.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide, hind tibia with two slender spurs.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Metasoma</emphasis>
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with T1 clearly longer than wide, with strong lateral and laterodorsal carinae and probably deep glymma, with dorsal longitudinal carinae at least present on basal half and with some longitudinal carinulae; T2 a bit longer than wide, following tergites subquadrate, all with what look like rather deep punctures; hypopygium rather prominent, triangular.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Ovipositor</emphasis>
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about 1.5 mm, 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as hind tibia, parallel sided and down-curved; ovipositor sheaths evenly hairy and somewhat expanded around middle.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/fr.25.83034.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693075" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" start="Figure 16" startId="F16">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figure 16.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brues" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Monoblastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monoblastus senilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senilis">Monoblastus? senilis</taxonomicName>
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(Brues, 1910) comb. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A.</emphasis>
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Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">B.</emphasis>
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Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="interpretation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Interpretation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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The deep glymma, bowed vein 1m-cu & 2Rs+M in the fore wing, and shape of the metasoma suggest membership in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Shuckard" authorityYear="1840" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tryphoninae">Tryphoninae</taxonomicName>
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, where the down-curved ovipositor and possibly medially expanded sheaths point to genera such as
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Thymaris" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thymaris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Thymaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869 or
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Neliopisthus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neliopisthus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Neliopisthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Thomson, 1883 in the tribe
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Woldstedt" authorityYear="1877" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="tribe" tribe="Oedemopsini">Oedemopsini</taxonomicName>
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. In addition,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Monoblastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monoblastus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Monoblastus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Shuckard" authorityYear="1840" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="tribe" tribe="Tryphonini">Tryphonini</taxonomicName>
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also has a down-curved tip of the ovipositor and sheaths which are weakly medially expanded. As the extant
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Thymaris" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thymaris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Thymaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have a more slender first tergite and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Neliopisthus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neliopisthus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Neliopisthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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more strongly expanded ovipositor sheaths than what we see in the fossil, we place the fossil in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Monoblastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monoblastus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Monoblastus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, to which the fossil also closely resembles in the wing venation. However, we add a question mark behind the genus name as the laterally extended epicnemial carina and longitudinal sculpture on T1 correspond better to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Thymaris" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thymaris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Thymaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Shuckard" authorityYear="1840" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tryphoninae">Tryphoninae</taxonomicName>
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Shuckard, 1840
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1919" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Zagryphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zagryphus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Zagryphus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Cushman, 1919
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |