182 lines
16 KiB
XML
182 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.5.3342" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b8e9da7e-1b95-4b66-b400-dad533d5428d" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152023575" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-5-1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1314-4049-5-1" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 5" ModsDocTitle="A review of the genus Bulbothrix Hale: the species with medullary salazinic acid lacking vegetative propagules" checkinTime="1451253006862" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Benatti, Michel N." docDate="2012" docId="70200E700CB43ECACDB6FAFB7460F741" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 5: 1-30" docOrigin="MycoKeys 5" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.5.3342" docTitle="Bulbothrix linteolocarpa Marcelli. Acta Botanica Brasilica 7 (2): 42. 1993" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFFDFFDAE4348862C732FF96FF87FFF4" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Bulbothrix Hale: the species with medullary salazinic acid lacking vegetative propagules" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1643545948906" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A review of the genus Bulbothrix Hale: the species with medullary salazinic acid lacking vegetative propagules</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Benatti, Michel N.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>5</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>30</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.5.3342</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.5.3342</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-5-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152023575" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70200E700CB43ECACDB6FAFB7460F741" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70200E700CB43ECACDB6FAFB7460F741" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="Mycobank: MB 458790" authority="Marcelli. Acta Botanica Brasilica 7 (2): 42. 1993." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix linteolocarpa" order="Lecanorales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="linteolocarpa">Bulbothrix linteolocarpa Marcelli. Acta Botanica Brasilica 7(2): 42. 1993.</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figure 10
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Brazil, Mato Grosso State, between Jaciara and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Vicente, km 313 of BR-364 highway, ca. 100 km ESE of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cuiabá">Cuiaba</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="cerradão">cerradao</normalizedToken>
|
||
(savannah), on tree trunk, leg. Marcelli 8446, 2-VII-1980 (SP!).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Thallus sublinear laciniate, dusky gray in the herbarium, up to 2.6 cm diam., subcoriaceous, corticolous; upper cortex 20.0−30.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
thick, algal layer 55.0−75.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
thick, medulla 25.0−35.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
thick, lower cortex 10.0−15.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
thick. Laciniae irregularly to anisotomically dichotomously branched, 0.2-0.6 (-0.8) mm wide, contiguous to occasionally slightly imbricate, adnate and adpressed, with flat, truncate apices; margins flat, smooth to sinuous or subirregular, entire to slightly incised and rarelly sublacinulate; axils oval to irregular. Upper cortex continuous, smooth to subrugose; laminal ciliary bulbs absent. Adventitious marginal lacinulae scarce on older parts, short, 0.1-0.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.05-0.20 mm, plane, simple; apices truncate; lower side concolor to the lower marginal zone. Maculae absent. Cilia black to brown, with simple to partially furcate apices, often bent downwards, 0.05-0.45
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
ca. 0.03 mm, with semi- immerse to emerse bulbate bases ca. 0.05-0.10 mm wide, frequent along the margins, spaced 0.5-0.10 mm from each other rarely becoming contiguous at the axils, usually absent or scarce on the apices of the laciniae. Soredia, Isidia and Pustulae absent. Medulla white. Lower surface pale brown, shiny, smooth, weakly papillate, moderately rhizinate. Marginal zone pale brown, slightly darker than the center, shiny, attenuate, 0.5-1.0 mm wide, smooth, weakly papillate, sligthly rhizinate. Rhizinae light to dark brown or almost blackish, simple to occasionally furcate or irregularly branched, often with dark basal or displaced bulbs, 0.05-0.60
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
ca. 0.03-0.05 mm, frequent, becoming scarce at some parts, partially agglutinated, evenly distributed. Apothecia subconcave, becoming plane or convex, stretching over the laciniae while maturing, adnate, 0.3−3.4 mm diam., laminal, ecoronate; margin smooth to incised and subcrenate; amphitecium smooth, without ornamentations. Disc brown, epruinose, imperforate; epithecium 12.5-20.0 mm high; hymenium 37.5−45.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
high; subhymenium 15.0−20.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
high. Ascospores ellipsoid to oval, (9.0−) 10.0−16.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
6,5−8,0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; epispore ca. 1.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Pycnidia not found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TLC/HPLC: cortical atranorin and chloroatranorin, medullary salazinic, consalazinic and secalonic A acids (label from J. A. Elix with the holotype, 19-VII-1995).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
South America. Brazil - States of Mato Grosso and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Marcelli, MP" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Brasilica" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="25 - 70" title="Pequenas Parmelia s. l. Ciliadas dos Cerrados Brasileiros." url="10.1590/S0102-33061993000200003" volume="7" year="1993">Marcelli 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="additional specimens examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Brazil, Mato Grosso State, between Jaciara and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Vicente, ca. 100 km ESSE of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cuiabá">Cuiaba</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 750 m alt., on thin twig at the cerrado (savannah), leg. M.P. Marcelli 8445, 02-VII-1980 (SP). Idem,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo State,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Moji-Guaçu">Moji-Guacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
Municipality, Fazenda Campininha,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Biológica">Biologica</normalizedToken>
|
||
de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Moji-Guaçu">Moji-Guacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, illuminated and dry
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="cerradão">cerradao</normalizedToken>
|
||
(savannah), on thin twig, leg. M.P. Marcelli 15812, 07-XII-1976 (SP). Idem, Santa Rita do Passa Quatro Municipality, fazenda Vassununga,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">km</pageBreakToken>
|
||
259 of the Anhanguera Highway, 760 m alt., transition from cerrado to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="cerradão">cerradao</normalizedToken>
|
||
(savannah), trees with signs of old burnings, on tree thin twig, leg. M.P. Marcelli & SB. L. Morretes 15626, 23-VI-1978 (SP). Idem,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Carlos Municipality, Campus of the Universidade Federal de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Carlos - UFSCar, cerrado (savannah), on a wooden fence near a firebreak,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-22.016666">22°1'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-47.883335">47°53'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, alt. 855 m, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus" order="Myrtales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eucalyptus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. trunk, leg. G. G. Batista & M. N. Benatti 115B, 04-IX-2006 (HUFSCar).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">The holotype (Fig. 10) consists of small thalli about 2.5 cm diameter, in good condition, on tree bark and over a crustose lichen with blackened perithecia. It was necessary to detach some laciniae for proper observation of the lower cortex. The upper cortex is emaculate, and there are several apothecia with ascospores in different stages of maturation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
A peculiar anatomical characteristic is that the algal layer is always thicker than the medulla in all examined material of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix linteolocarpa" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="linteolocarpa">Bulbothrix linteolocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and usually appears to be in the middle of the medulla, separating it in two portions, instead of being situated in its upper portion just below the cortex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Some of the specimens analysed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Marcelli, MP" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Brasilica" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="25 - 70" title="Pequenas Parmelia s. l. Ciliadas dos Cerrados Brasileiros." url="10.1590/S0102-33061993000200003" volume="7" year="1993">Marcelli (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were confirmed to have wider laciniae (1.0−2.5 mm), a darker brown lower cortex, cilia with very globose basal bulbs and longer apices, and simple rhizines simply without basals bulbs. These specimens, that the author suspected to belong to a similar but different taxon, are actually
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix continua" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="continua">Bulbothrix continua</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lynge) Hale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix continua" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="continua">Bulbothrix continua</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lynge) Hale is the closest species to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix linteolocarpa" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="linteolocarpa">Bulbothrix linteolocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
in overall characteristics. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix linteolocarpa" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="linteolocarpa">Bulbothrix linteolocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
has much narrower laciniae than
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix continua" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="continua">Bulbothrix continua</taxonomicName>
|
||
(0.2−0.5 against 1.0−2.5 mm), cilia with smaller, less globose bulbate bases (0.05−0.10 mm vs. 0.05−0.25 mm), and always with apices that are also partially furcate, a darker lower cortex, and less abundant, more variably branched rhizines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Marcelli, MP" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Brasilica" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="25 - 70" title="Pequenas Parmelia s. l. Ciliadas dos Cerrados Brasileiros." url="10.1590/S0102-33061993000200003" volume="7" year="1993">Marcelli (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
compared
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix linteolocarpa" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="linteolocarpa">Bulbothrix linteolocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix hypocraea" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hypocraea">Bulbothrix hypocraea</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Vainio) Hale and to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix sensibilis" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sensibilis">Bulbothrix sensibilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Steiner & Zahlbruckner) Hale. As to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix hypocraea" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hypocraea">Bulbothrix hypocraea</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see under that species.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix sensibilis" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sensibilis">Bulbothrix sensibilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
has larger laciniae (ca. 1.0−4.0 mm larg.) that are often imbricated or crowded, cilia without apices or with simple short apices, normally restricted to the crenae and axils of the laciniae, concave to urceolate apothecia, a black lower cortex with brown margins, and averagely smaller, often subrounded ascospores (7.0−12.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5.0−7.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
An apparently common species on cerrado (savannah) areas,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Bulbothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Bulbothrix linteolocarpa" order="Lecanorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="linteolocarpa">Bulbothrix linteolocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
was mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mistry, J" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Brasilica" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" url="10.1046/j.1365-2699.1998.2530409.x" year="1998">Mistry (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in an article on bioindicators of fires.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |