297 lines
40 KiB
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297 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="202A61390001A5939FE933A34D18507A" ID-CLB-Dataset="51609" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.46283" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aad4c518-c9fc-4fd9-808c-c670a4afe547" ID-Zenodo-Dep="46283" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1457944246074" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Graziano Bassi" docDate="2016" docId="2B2590527974FF06FC2BFB2FFA0CF7B1" docLanguage="en" docName="rsz_123_1_2.pdf" docOrigin="Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:225056F0A23C51DDC06AC27EAEA15D5B.2:RevSuisseZool.2015-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="225056F0A23C51DDC06AC27EAEA15D5B" docStyleName="RevSuisseZool.2015-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Aurotalis Bleszynski 1970" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="D71CE82A7974FF04FF99FFA9FF95FFAD" masterDocTitle="Studies on Afrotropical Crambinae (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea, Crambidae): Notes on the genus Aurotalis Błeszyński, 1970" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="11" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698184945921" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CEF3337675C6B8758ABCBEAB0FAC63BF">
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<mods:title id="1A40821ACF1B2967F60330A02B1938FB">Studies on Afrotropical Crambinae (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea, Crambidae): Notes on the genus Aurotalis Błeszyński, 1970</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C50341A7FF5DDBAF56C3512192E762CD">Graziano Bassi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="18C1E80FE2FF2450FC034556ADF9AA66">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9F29E923BC1AF6E9E1F812418A6EDE9D">Revue suisse de Zoologie</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0B8638E34EEE7B8B6D50593A58AC80F0">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="39BBFB7E9D0D953B33CA0436E49787D5">123</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F07F5BDEE6B9A55AAAA58529B727128A">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="51170B1D064217977B2E17D984C8D951">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2959255D13B31CB16EC981DD72AEF4BC" type="CLB-Dataset">51609</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="43EE5DB37D2ED8EBAD05E31780CDC9C2" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.46283</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2B2590527974FF06FC2BFB2FFA0CF7B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6082406" ID-GBIF-Taxon="117911226" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6082406" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B2590527974FF06FC2BFB2FFA0CF7B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B2590527974FF06FC2BFB2FFA0CF7B1" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="EB9672CF7974FF04FC2BFB2FFABCFB33" box="[946,1321,1157,1182]" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A33321447974FF04FC2BFB2FFABCFB33" blockId="0.[946,1321,1157,1182]" box="[946,1321,1157,1182]" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="F87B96287974FF04FC2BFB2FFABCFB33" bold="true" box="[946,1321,1157,1182]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567974FF04FC2BFB2FFABCFB33" bold="true" box="[946,1321,1157,1182]" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77974FF04FB9BFB2CFABCFB33" ID-CoL="923CG" authority="Bleszynski, 1970" authorityName="Bleszynski" authorityYear="1970" box="[1026,1321,1157,1182]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567974FF04FB9BFB2CFBFDFB30" bold="true" box="[1026,1128,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Aurotalis</emphasis>
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Błeszyński, 1970
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EB9672CF7974FF04FCA6FB1AFAB4FB48" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="A33321447974FF04FCA6FB1AFA08FB65" blockId="0.[831,1437,1203,1253]" box="[831,1437,1203,1225]" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77974FF04FCA6FB1AFBFBFB65" ID-CoL="923CG" authority="Bleszynski, 1970: 20" authorityName="Bleszynski" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1970" box="[831,1134,1203,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567974FF04FCA6FB1AFC02FB65" box="[831,919,1203,1224]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Aurotalis</emphasis>
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Błeszyński, 1970: 20
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</taxonomicName>
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, type species
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77974FF04FB6FFB1AFA08FB65" ID-CoL="67XJR" box="[1270,1437,1203,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dionisa">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567974FF04FB6FFB1AFA08FB65" box="[1270,1437,1203,1224]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Aurotalis dionisa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A33321447974FF04FC12FB79FAB4FB48" blockId="0.[831,1437,1203,1253]" box="[907,1313,1232,1253]" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Błeszyński, 1970, by original designation.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EB9672CF7974FF06FCA6FAA2FDFCFED4" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="A33321447974FF04FCA6FAA2FAA1FA4F" blockId="0.[831,1437,1291,1507]" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567974FF04FCA6FAA2FC23FA8E" bold="true" box="[831,950,1291,1315]" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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So far, the only diagnostic character for
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77974FF04FAEFFAA2FC11FAEF" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567974FF04FAEFFAA2FC11FAEF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Aurotalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the presence in female genitalia (on the papillae anales) of strong setae originating from the tips of short projections in the highly corrugated upper surface. Adults are distinguished from those of the most closely related genera in having long labial palpi, associated with the forewing colour being at least partly white.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A33321447974FF06FCA6FA52FDFCFED4" blockId="0.[831,1437,1530,1972]" lastBlockId="2.[151,757,258,955]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567974FF04FCA6FA52FC4BF9BE" bold="true" box="[831,990,1531,1555]" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Redescription</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17974FF04FC74FA53FBDCF9BC" box="[1005,1097,1530,1553]" captionStart="Figs 1 - 6" captionStartId="1.[151,192,1966,1987]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,257,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[154,1434,257,1924]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 1 - 6. Adults of Aurotalis spp. (1) A. cristata sp. n., male paratype, Zimbabwe, wingspan 20 mm. (2) A. delicatalis (Hampson), female, RSA, wingspan 26 mm. (3) A. dicksoni sp. n., holotype, wingspan 28 mm. (4) A. nigrisquamalis (Hampson), male, RSA, wingspan 28 mm. (5) A. dionisa Błeszyński, female, Namibia, wingspan 28 mm. (6) A. similis Bassi, male, Zimbabwe, wingspan 28 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306801/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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Figs
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<docIssue id="E7EF5EAB7974FF04FBBDFA53FBBBF9BC" box="[1060,1070,1530,1553]" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">1</docIssue>
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-6
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</figureCitation>
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): Ocelli and chaetosemata well developed. Labial palpi three times or more as long as the maximum diameter of the composite eye in side view. Forewing at least partly white. Wing venation of
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77974FF04FCFDF9D2FBB9F93F" box="[868,1068,1659,1683]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrisquamalis">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567974FF04FCFDF9D2FBB9F93F" box="[868,1068,1659,1683]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">A. nigrisquamalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, slightly different from that of
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77974FF04FCA6F932FC40F91F" box="[831,981,1691,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Euchromius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delicatalis">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567974FF04FCA6F932FC40F91F" box="[831,981,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">A. delicatalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as illustrated by Schouten (1992: 192, fig. 2): in forewing R1 present and free, not connected to Sc; R2 free; R3 connected with R4 at 3/4; R5 free; M1 from middle of cell; cell opened between R5 and M2; M2 and M3 not stalked; CuA1 from lower corner of cell; CuA2 at distal 1/3 of cell; 1A+2A strong. Hindwing with Sc connected to Rs at distal 1/3; M1 free, visible only distally; M3 connecting to M2 and Cu1 at distal 1/3, Cu2 connecting to M2 at half of length; a1, a2 and a3 unforked. Colours tend to become faint in old specimens. Abdominal segment VIII, simple and narrow in the female, shows distinguishing sclerotizations in the male (
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<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FE24FECBFDA6FED6" box="[445,563,354,379]" captionStart="Figs 13 - 20" captionStartId="5.[151,192,1940,1961]" captionTargetBox="[172,1427,947,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[148,1439,933,1898]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 13 - 20. Aurotalis spp., genitalia and male abdominal segment VIII. (13) A. dionisa Błeszyński, male genitalia, Namibia. (14) The same, phallus. (15) A. delicatalis (Hampson), RSA, phallus extracted on the right. (16) A. delicatalis, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (17) A. cristata sp. n., Zimbabwe, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (18) A. dionisa Błeszyński, Namibia, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (19) A. nigrisquamalis (Hampson), Swaziland, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (20) The same, female genitalia, RSA." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306812/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Figs 16-19</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FDA7FECBFDC9FED4" box="[574,604,354,377]" captionStart="Figs 26 - 30" captionStartId="7.[151,192,1996,2017]" captionTargetBox="[191,1408,1019,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1007,1963]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 26 - 30. Aurotalis spp., genitalia and abdominal segment VIII. (26) A. cristata sp. n., holotype, on the right juxta and phallus. (27) A. cristata sp. n., female paratype, Zimbabwe. (28) A. argyrastis (Hampson), holotype. (29) A. dicksoni sp. n., male paratype, on the right juxta and phallus. (30) A. dicksoni sp. n., sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. Scale: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306820/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">30</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<footnote id="C0973D4A7974FF04FF0EF7A8FE5CF795" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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<paragraph id="A33321447974FF04FF0EF7A8FE5CF795" blockId="0.[151,500,2049,2106]" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Manuscript accepted 24.07.2015 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.46283</paragraph>
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</footnote>
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<caption id="F7F371CC7975FF05FF0EF807FE39F7B6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306801/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[154,1433,257,1924]" targetPageId="1">
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<paragraph id="A33321447975FF05FF0EF807FE39F7B6" blockId="1.[151,1439,1966,2075]" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">
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Figs 1-6. Adults of
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77975FF05FEFBF807FE2FF86E" box="[354,442,1966,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567975FF05FEFBF807FE2FF86E" box="[354,442,1966,1987]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">Aurotalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp. (1)
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77975FF05FD8DF806FDECF869" box="[532,633,1967,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567975FF05FD8DF806FDECF869" box="[532,633,1967,1988]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">A. cristata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="8ACB402D7975FF05FD19F806FD22F869" box="[640,695,1967,1988]" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, male paratype, Zimbabwe, wingspan 20 mm. (2)
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77975FF05FB3CF806FA0EF86E" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[1189,1435,1966,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Euchromius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delicatalis">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567975FF05FB3CF806FAB0F86E" box="[1189,1317,1966,1988]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">A. delicatalis</emphasis>
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(Hampson)
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</taxonomicName>
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, female, RSA, wingspan 26 mm. (3)
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77975FF05FDC2F865FD53F84D" box="[603,710,1995,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicksoni" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567975FF05FDC2F865FD53F84D" box="[603,710,1995,2017]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">A. dicksoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="8ACB402D7975FF05FD55F865FC97F84C" box="[716,770,1996,2017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, holotype, wingspan 28 mm. (4)
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77975FF05FBD9F865FAF5F84D" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[1088,1376,1995,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrisquamalis">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567975FF05FBD9F865FB7EF84D" box="[1088,1259,1995,2017]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">A. nigrisquamalis</emphasis>
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(Hampson)
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</taxonomicName>
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, male, RSA, wingspan 28 mm. (5)
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77975FF05FD91F841FD4FF850" authority="Bleszynski" authorityName="Bleszynski" box="[520,730,2024,2045]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dionisa">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567975FF05FD91F841FDFCF850" box="[520,617,2024,2045]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">A. dionisa</emphasis>
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Błeszyński
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</taxonomicName>
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, female, Namibia, wingspan 28 mm. (6)
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77975FF05FBC2F841FB7AF850" authority="Bassi" authorityName="Bassi" box="[1115,1263,2024,2045]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567975FF05FBC2F841FB21F850" box="[1115,1204,2024,2045]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">A. similis</emphasis>
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Bassi
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</taxonomicName>
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, male, Zimbabwe, wingspan 28 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="EB9672CF7976FF06FF0EFE2BFD7BFC14" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A33321447976FF06FF0EFE2BFF60FDF4" blockId="2.[151,757,258,955]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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Tympanal organs (
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<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FEFAFE2BFE4FFE34" box="[355,474,386,409]" captionStart="Figs 21 - 25" captionStartId="6.[151,192,1998,2019]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,257,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[166,1422,257,1950]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 21 - 25. Aurotalis spp., female genitalia and tympanal organs. (21) A. delicatalis (Hampson), female, RSA. (22) A. dionisa Błeszyński, female, Namibia. (23) A. dionisa Błeszyński, male, Namibia. (24) A. cristata sp. n., female paratype, RSA. (25) A. dicksoni sp. n., male paratype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306816/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Fig. 23-25</figureCitation>
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). Transverse ridge round- ed. Tympanic bridge well developed, lightly sclerotized. Tympanic drum ovoid. Venulae secundae well developed, concave. The well developed and lightly sclerotized tympanic bridge seems to be the more constant feature through the genus, other characteristics being rather variable.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A33321447976FF06FF0EFDCBFDBFFCB4" blockId="2.[151,757,258,955]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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Male genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FEDDFDCBFE1EFDD6" box="[324,395,610,635]" captionStart="Figs 7 - 9" captionStartId="3.[153,194,2018,2039]" captionTargetBox="[197,1396,1037,1952]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1399,1030,1952]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 7 - 9. Crambinae spp., male genitalia, differences among close genera. (7) Ancylolomia planicosta Martin, RSA. (8) Prionotalis balia (Tams), Tanzania. (9) Aurotalis cristata sp. n., Zimbabwe. Arrow = valva; flash arrow = vinculum; thick bar = tegumen" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306806/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Figs 9</figureCitation>
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,
|
|
<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FE00FDCAFE4CFDD6" box="[409,473,611,635]" captionStart="Figs 13 - 20" captionStartId="5.[151,192,1940,1961]" captionTargetBox="[172,1427,947,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[148,1439,933,1898]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 13 - 20. Aurotalis spp., genitalia and male abdominal segment VIII. (13) A. dionisa Błeszyński, male genitalia, Namibia. (14) The same, phallus. (15) A. delicatalis (Hampson), RSA, phallus extracted on the right. (16) A. delicatalis, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (17) A. cristata sp. n., Zimbabwe, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (18) A. dionisa Błeszyński, Namibia, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (19) A. nigrisquamalis (Hampson), Swaziland, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (20) The same, female genitalia, RSA." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306812/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">13-15</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FE7EFDCAFDCFFDD4" box="[487,602,610,635]" captionStart="Figs 26 - 30" captionStartId="7.[151,192,1996,2017]" captionTargetBox="[191,1408,1019,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1007,1963]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 26 - 30. Aurotalis spp., genitalia and abdominal segment VIII. (26) A. cristata sp. n., holotype, on the right juxta and phallus. (27) A. cristata sp. n., female paratype, Zimbabwe. (28) A. argyrastis (Hampson), holotype. (29) A. dicksoni sp. n., male paratype, on the right juxta and phallus. (30) A. dicksoni sp. n., sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. Scale: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306820/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">26, 29, 30</figureCitation>
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): Uncus more or less apically downcurved. Gnathos strongly upcurved while being straight, simple or bifid. Tegumen and valva stout being tapering. Vinculum without or with small dorsal projection. Pseudosaccus small. Phallus stout to elongate, with maximum two cornuti.
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</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="A33321447976FF06FF0EFC8BFD7BFC14" blockId="2.[151,757,258,955]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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Female genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FECCFC8BFE32FC96" box="[341,423,802,827]" captionStart="Figs 10 - 12" captionStartId="4.[151,192,1996,2017]" captionTargetBox="[226,1376,1023,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1000,1950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 10 - 12. Crambinae spp., female genitalia, differences among close genera. (10) Ancylolomia planicosta Martin, Tanzania. (11) Prionotalis balia (Tams), Tanzania. (12) Aurotalis cristata sp. n., paratype, Zimbabwe. Arrow = papillae anales; thick bar = ostium bursae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306809/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Figs 12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FE2BFC8AFE67FC96" box="[434,498,803,827]" captionStart-0="Figs 13 - 20" captionStart-1="Figs 21 - 25" captionStartId-0="5.[151,192,1940,1961]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,192,1998,2019]" captionTargetBox-0="[172,1427,947,1884]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1421,257,1946]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[148,1439,933,1898]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[166,1422,257,1950]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="Figs 13 - 20. Aurotalis spp., genitalia and male abdominal segment VIII. (13) A. dionisa Błeszyński, male genitalia, Namibia. (14) The same, phallus. (15) A. delicatalis (Hampson), RSA, phallus extracted on the right. (16) A. delicatalis, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (17) A. cristata sp. n., Zimbabwe, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (18) A. dionisa Błeszyński, Namibia, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (19) A. nigrisquamalis (Hampson), Swaziland, sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. (20) The same, female genitalia, RSA." captionText-1="Figs 21 - 25. Aurotalis spp., female genitalia and tympanal organs. (21) A. delicatalis (Hampson), female, RSA. (22) A. dionisa Błeszyński, female, Namibia. (23) A. dionisa Błeszyński, male, Namibia. (24) A. cristata sp. n., female paratype, RSA. (25) A. dicksoni sp. n., male paratype." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/306812/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/306816/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">20-22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FE64FC8AFDD7FC94" box="[509,578,802,827]" captionStart="Figs 26 - 30" captionStartId="7.[151,192,1996,2017]" captionTargetBox="[191,1408,1019,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1007,1963]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 26 - 30. Aurotalis spp., genitalia and abdominal segment VIII. (26) A. cristata sp. n., holotype, on the right juxta and phallus. (27) A. cristata sp. n., female paratype, Zimbabwe. (28) A. argyrastis (Hampson), holotype. (29) A. dicksoni sp. n., male paratype, on the right juxta and phallus. (30) A. dicksoni sp. n., sclerotizations of abdominal segment VIII. Scale: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306820/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">27, 28</figureCitation>
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): Papillae anales with strong setae on upper surface, originating from tips of short projection of highly corrugated membrane. Both apophyses strongly developed. Ostium bursae and sterigma membranous. Corpus bursae suboval, without signa.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EB9672CF7976FF06FF0EFC7BFD61FBA5" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A33321447976FF06FF0EFC7BFD61FBA5" blockId="2.[151,756,977,1033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="F87B96287976FF06FF0EFC7BFE1AFC44" bold="true" box="[151,399,978,1002]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FF0EFC7BFE12FC47" bold="true" box="[151,391,978,1002]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Systematic position</emphasis>
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:
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</heading>
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<heading id="F87B96287976FF06FE3DFC78FD61FC45" box="[420,756,977,1001]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" reason="4">This genus is part of the</heading>
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<heading id="F87B96287976FF06FF0EFC58FD61FBA5" box="[151,756,1009,1033]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" reason="4">
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|
<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FF0EFC58FE1EFBA5" ID-CoL="8ZZX4" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" box="[151,395,1009,1032]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ancylolomia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FF0EFC58FEB4FBA5" box="[151,289,1009,1032]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Ancylolomia</emphasis>
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Hübner
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</taxonomicName>
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complex of genera (Bassi,
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EB9672CF7976FF06FCA6FEABFBF0FD34" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A33321447976FF06FCA6FEABFBF0FD34" blockId="2.[831,1437,258,666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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2013). Błeszyński (1970: 20) claimed that is closest to
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FCA6FE8BFB8CFE97" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[831,1049,290,314]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Conotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FCA6FE8BFC32FE94" box="[831,935,290,313]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Conotalis</emphasis>
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Hampson
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the most closely related genus seems to be
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FC4FFEEBFAC7FEF6" authority="Hampson 1919b: 152" authorityName="Hampson" authorityPageNumber="152" authorityYear="1919" box="[982,1362,322,347]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Prionotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FC4FFEEBFBDAFEF4" box="[982,1103,322,345]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Prionotalis</emphasis>
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|
Hampson 1919b: 152
|
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</taxonomicName>
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|
, as in
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FCA6FECBFC3DFED4" box="[831,936,354,377]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Conotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FCA6FECBFC3DFED4" box="[831,936,354,377]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Conotalis</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
species the phallus has a long cornutus, a feature never seen in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FBDAFE2BFB32FE34" box="[1091,1191,386,409]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FBDAFE2BFB32FE34" box="[1091,1191,386,409]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Aurotalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
. The relatively short valva, strong vinculum and tegumen, phallus about as long as valva in male genitalia suggest that both
|
|
<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FCA6FE4BFC36FE54" box="[831,931,482,505]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FCA6FE4BFC36FE54" box="[831,931,482,505]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Aurotalis</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FC70FE4BFBF6FE54" box="[1001,1123,482,505]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Prionotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FC70FE4BFBF6FE54" box="[1001,1123,482,505]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Prionotalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
are closely related to the
|
|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FCA6FDABFC2BFDB4" box="[831,958,514,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">locupletella</emphasis>
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|
group of
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FBA5FDABFB51FDB4" box="[1084,1220,514,537]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ancylolomia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FBA5FDABFB51FDB4" box="[1084,1220,514,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Ancylolomia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
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|
(
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|
<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FB40FDABFAA8FDB4" box="[1241,1341,514,537]" captionStart="Figs 7 - 9" captionStartId="3.[153,194,2018,2039]" captionTargetBox="[197,1396,1037,1952]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1399,1030,1952]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 7 - 9. Crambinae spp., male genitalia, differences among close genera. (7) Ancylolomia planicosta Martin, RSA. (8) Prionotalis balia (Tams), Tanzania. (9) Aurotalis cristata sp. n., Zimbabwe. Arrow = valva; flash arrow = vinculum; thick bar = tegumen" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306806/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Figs 7-9</figureCitation>
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|
). In the same way, female genitalia are similar in these three groups in the stout papillae anales and corpus bursae, and in the ductus ejaculatorius departing from the corpus bursae (
|
|
<figureCitation id="3BB73DC17976FF06FC78FD2BFBCDFD34" box="[993,1112,642,665]" captionStart="Figs 10 - 12" captionStartId="4.[151,192,1996,2017]" captionTargetBox="[226,1376,1023,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1000,1950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 10 - 12. Crambinae spp., female genitalia, differences among close genera. (10) Ancylolomia planicosta Martin, Tanzania. (11) Prionotalis balia (Tams), Tanzania. (12) Aurotalis cristata sp. n., paratype, Zimbabwe. Arrow = papillae anales; thick bar = ostium bursae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306809/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Figs 10-12</figureCitation>
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|
).
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="EB9672CF7976FF06FCA6FD1BFACFFD45" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="biology_ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="A33321447976FF06FCA6FD1BFACFFD45" blockId="2.[831,1437,689,745]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
|
|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FCA6FD1BFC00FD67" bold="true" box="[831,917,690,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Biology</emphasis>
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|
: Early stages are unknown, probably feeding in grasslands. The adults are easily attracted by light.
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|
</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="EB9672CF7976FF06FCA6FCA8FB89FC3A" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="A33321447976FF06FCA6FCA8FB89FC3A" blockId="2.[831,1437,768,921]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FCA6FCA8FC42FCB4" bold="true" box="[831,983,769,793]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Distribution:</emphasis>
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|
The genus seems to be distributed through the highlands and mountains from Austral Africa to Kenya. However, only one species,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FCA6FCC8FB1BFCDA" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[831,1166,864,889]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrisquamalis">
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|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FCA6FCC8FB92FCDA" box="[831,1031,864,889]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">A. nigrisquamalis</emphasis>
|
|
(Hampson)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a common moth in RSA and Swaziland.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="EB9672CF7976FF06FCA6FC19FC36FBAB" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="A33321447976FF06FCA6FC19FC36FBAB" blockId="2.[831,1436,943,1030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
|
|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FCA6FC19FC3CFC6A" bold="true" box="[831,937,944,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Remarks</emphasis>
|
|
: The morphological character evolution appears very diversified, especially those of the genitalia.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="EB9672CF7976FF06FF0EFBCFFA0CF7B1" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="key">
|
|
<paragraph id="A33321447976FF06FF0EFBCFFDFFFBD1" blockId="2.[151,618,1124,1149]" box="[151,618,1124,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
|
|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FF0EFBCFFDFFFBD1" bold="true" box="[151,618,1124,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
|
|
Key to the species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FE1CFBCDFDFFFBD1" ID-CoL="923CG" authority="Bleszynski" authorityName="Bleszynski" box="[389,618,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FE1CFBCDFE7EFBD1" bold="true" box="[389,491,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Aurotalis</emphasis>
|
|
Błeszyński
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A33321447976FF06FF0EFB0CFA0CF7B1" blockId="2.[151,1437,1189,2077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
|
|
1a Forewing ground colour white ................................................................................................................................. 3 1b Forewing ground colour not white ........................................................................................................................... 2 2a Forewing ground colour yellow ............................................................................................................................... 5 2b Forewing ground colour ochre brown; hindwing brown suffused white basally; male genitalia with juxta u-shaped and phallus clearly divided into two parts .......................................................................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FB7DFA8CFACFFA91" box="[1252,1370,1317,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicksoni" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FB7DFA8CFACFFA91" box="[1252,1370,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">A. dicksoni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8ACB402D7976FF06FAF8FA8FFA0FFA90" box="[1377,1434,1318,1341]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
3a Median and subterminal fasciae on forewing present .............................................................................................. 4 3b Fasciae on forewing absent, ground colour almost entirely white, with only a fulvous tinge along costa; hindwing brown margined white; female genitalia with a globular wrinkled extension at the end of ductus bursae................ ............................................................................................................................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FB0BFA0CFA0CFA11" ID-CoL="TP7W" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[1170,1433,1445,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Charltona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argyrastis">
|
|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FB0BFA0CFA8EFA10" box="[1170,1307,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">A. argyrastis</emphasis>
|
|
(Hampson)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
4a Forewing with orange median fascia, subterminal fascia ill-defined, dorsum chestnut brown and three large dots at tornus; hindwing light brown; male genitalia with two cornuti on vesica ....................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FB4EFA4CFA0FFA51" ID-CoL="67XK3" authority="Bassi" authorityName="Bassi" box="[1239,1434,1509,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermione">
|
|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FB4EFA4CFACFFA51" box="[1239,1370,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">A. hermione</emphasis>
|
|
Bassi
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
4b Forewing with double subterminal fascia; hindwing grey suffused white; male genitalia with gnathos stout with dorsal crest-like process and juxta with finger-like dorsal process; female genitalia with papillae anales dorsally bulged, ductus bursae short and sclerotized and corpus bursae proximally spinulate .....................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FB72F9ECFACFF9F0" box="[1259,1370,1605,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristata" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FB72F9ECFACFF9F0" box="[1259,1370,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">A. cristata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8ACB402D7976FF06FAF8F9EFFA0FF9F0" box="[1377,1434,1606,1629]" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
4c Forewing with single subterminal fascia; hindwing white suffused grey; male genitalia with vesica with single spatulate cornutus; female genitalia with rather long ductus bursae, lightly sclerotized only close to corpus bursae ......................................................................................................................................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FB6FF90CFA0FF911" ID-CoL="689JR" authority="Bassi" authorityName="Bassi" box="[1270,1434,1701,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
|
<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FB6FF90CFACFF911" box="[1270,1370,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">A. similis</emphasis>
|
|
Bassi
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
5a Hindwing white ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 5b Hindwing yellow suffused grey and brown with yellow fringes; forewing with orange yellow median and subterminal fasciae; male genitalia with bilobed gnathos; female genitalia with papillae anales with ventral upturned tip ................................................................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FBC7F88CFA0CF891" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[1118,1433,1829,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrisquamalis">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FBC7F88CFA8EF891" box="[1118,1307,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">A. nigrisquamalis</emphasis>
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(Hampson)
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</taxonomicName>
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6a Hindwing pure white; forewing with two longitudinal white lines and median and subterminal fasciae yellow; male genitalia with tapered cucullus and narrow and curved phallus; presence of feathery coremata; female genitalia with papillae anales straight margined and semicircular sclerotization in the ductus bursae............................. .................................................................................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FB2BF80CFA0FF811" ID-CoL="67XJR" authority="Bleszynski" authorityName="Bleszynski" box="[1202,1434,1957,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Aurotalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dionisa">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FB2BF80CFA8AF811" box="[1202,1311,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">A. dionisa</emphasis>
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Błeszyński
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</taxonomicName>
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6b Hindwing white suffused yellow; forewing with bicolored median fascia and terminal spots beneath vein 5; male genitalia with phallus stout, shorter than valva and vesica without cornuti; female genitalia with funnel-shaped ductus bursae and large corpus bursae................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="648C5AC77976FF06FB17F7ACFA0CF7B1" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[1166,1433,2053,2077]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Euchromius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delicatalis">
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<emphasis id="91F8FD567976FF06FB17F7ACFA8EF7B1" box="[1166,1307,2053,2077]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">A. delicatalis</emphasis>
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(Hampson)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |