443 lines
51 KiB
XML
443 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.35929/RSZ.0049" ID-GBIF-Dataset="172fa5c5-c0c4-4bd7-b710-d608237b8458" ID-ISSN="0035-418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5639938" checkinTime="1635892563566" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Schuchert, Peter & Collins, Richard" docDate="2021" docId="D0118A7C5B44005EFF14FE96FD4E7BDE" docLanguage="en" docName="RevSuisseZool.128.2.237-356.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Revue suisse de Zoologie 128 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256.2:RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256" docStyleName="RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Octophialucium aphrodite" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="310" masterDocId="2C28F2045B0C0014FFCFFF96FFDB7820" masterDocTitle="Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream" masterLastPageNumber="356" masterPageNumber="237" pageNumber="308" updateTime="1683579073239" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schuchert, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Muséum d’histoire naturelle, C. P. 6434, CH- 1211 Genève 6, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">peter.schuchert@ville-ge.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Collins, Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>880 NE 33 rd Street, Boca Raton, Florida, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rc6684@icloud.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revue suisse de Zoologie</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-10-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>128</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>237</mods:start>
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<mods:end>356</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.35929/RSZ.0049</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">172fa5c5-c0c4-4bd7-b710-d608237b8458</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0035-418</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5639938</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5710635" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190510771" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5710635" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D0118A7C5B44005EFF14FE96FD4E7BDE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0118A7C5B44005EFF14FE96FD4E7BDE" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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<subSubSection box="[219,688,256,281]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="72.[219,688,256,313]" box="[219,688,256,281]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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||
<heading bold="true" box="[219,688,256,281]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="48K9K" ID-ENA="2805953" authority="(Bigelow, 1928)" baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[219,688,256,281]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[219,688,256,281]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[219,508,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Octophialucium aphrodite</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Bigelow" box="[522,681,257,281]" firstAuthor="Bigelow" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="279 - 362" refId="ref65098" refString="Bigelow H. B. 1928. Hydromedusae, siphonophores and ctenophores of the " Albatross " Philippine Expedition. In: Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent region. Bulletin United States National Museum 100 (1): 279 - 362, pls 39 - 43." type="journal article" year="1928">Bigelow, 1928</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[418,536,289,313]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="72.[219,688,256,313]" box="[418,536,289,313]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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<figureCitation box="[418,493,289,313]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[151,186,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-5@73.[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Fig. 44. Octophialucium aphrodite, living animals from Florida. (A) Oral view of whole animal BFLA3823, diameter 24 mm. (B) Close up of the bell margin of same animal as shown inA, bell opening facing down. Note the large excretory papillae (arrow) and the green dots flanking the marginal bulbs visible only in life. (C) BFLA3833, oblique aboral, bell diameter 10 mm. (D) Bell margin of medusa shown in C, seen from aboral side. (E) BFLA4130, bell diameter 26 mm, oblique view from oral side. (F) Bell margin of medusa shown in E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640060/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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A-F
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="72.[151,757,335,675]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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||
<emphasis box="[151,390,335,356]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,364,335,356]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octocanna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polynema">Octocanna polynema</taxonomicName>
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. –
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation author="Maas O." box="[400,561,335,357]" page="95" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" year="1906">
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<bibRefCitation author="Maas" box="[400,561,335,357]" firstAuthor="Maas" page="95" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="81 - 107" refId="ref71092" refString="Maas O. 1906. Meduses d'Amboine. Revue suisse de Zoologie 14: 81 - 107." type="journal article" year="1906">Maas, 1906: 95</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 3 fig. 10. [not
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<taxonomicName authority="Haeckel, 1879" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1879" box="[227,589,364,386]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octocanna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polynema">
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<emphasis box="[227,436,364,385]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Octocanna polynema</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Haeckel" box="[446,589,364,386]" firstAuthor="Haeckel" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="1 - 360" refId="ref68751" refString="Haeckel E. 1879. Das System der Medusen. Erster Teil einer Monographie der Medusen. Denkschriften der Medicinisch- Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena 1: I-XX, 1 - 360, 20 pls." type="book chapter" year="1879">Haeckel, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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= indeterminate species]
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="72.[151,757,335,675]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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<treatmentCitation author="Bigelow H. B." box="[151,568,421,443]" page="307" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" year="1928">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="74FLD" authority="Bigelow, 1928: 307" authorityName="Bigelow" authorityPageNumber="307" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,568,421,443]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octocanna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
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<emphasis box="[151,359,421,443]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Octocanna aphrodite</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Bigelow" box="[369,568,421,443]" firstAuthor="Bigelow" page="307" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="279 - 362" refId="ref65098" refString="Bigelow H. B. 1928. Hydromedusae, siphonophores and ctenophores of the " Albatross " Philippine Expedition. In: Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent region. Bulletin United States National Museum 100 (1): 279 - 362, pls 39 - 43." type="journal article" year="1928">Bigelow, 1928: 307</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 42 figs 1-2.
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<emphasis box="[744,756,422,443]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">–</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation author="Stiasny G." box="[227,407,450,472]" page="212" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" year="1928">
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<bibRefCitation author="Stiasny" box="[227,407,450,472]" firstAuthor="Stiasny" page="212" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="206 - 225" refId="ref75199" refString="Stiasny G. 1928. Hydromedusen aus der Java-See. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden 11: 206 - 225." type="journal article" year="1928">Stiasny, 1928: 212</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 2.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="72.[151,757,335,675]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="48K9K" baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[151,418,479,500]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
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<emphasis box="[151,418,479,500]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Octophialucium aphrodite</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
. –
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<treatmentCitation author="Kramp P. L." box="[475,692,479,501]" page="259" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" year="1955">
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<bibRefCitation author="Kramp" box="[475,692,479,501]" firstAuthor="Kramp" page="259" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref69760" refString="Kramp P. L. 1955 b. The medusae of the tropical west coast of Africa. Atlantide Report 3: 239 - 324, pls 1 - 3." type="book chapter" year="1955" yearSuffix="b">Kramp, 1955b: 259</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, new combination. –
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||
<treatmentCitation author="Kramp P. L." box="[378,545,508,530]" page="35" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" year="1957">
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<bibRefCitation author="Kramp" box="[378,545,508,530]" firstAuthor="Kramp" page="35" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref69791" refString="Kramp P. L. 1957. Hydromedusae from the Discovery collections. Discovery Reports 29: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1957">Kramp, 1957: 35</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. –
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||
<treatmentCitation author="Kramp P. L." box="[573,753,508,530]" page="183" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" year="1961">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kramp" box="[573,753,508,530]" firstAuthor="Kramp" page="183" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="1 - 469" refId="ref69868" refString="Kramp P. L. 1961. Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the U. K. 40: 1 - 469." type="journal article" year="1961">Kramp, 1961: 183</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. –
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||
<treatmentCitation author="Kramp P. L." box="[244,408,537,559]" page="89" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation author="Kramp" box="[244,408,537,559]" firstAuthor="Kramp" page="89" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref69950" refString="Kramp P. L. 1968. The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian oceans. Sections II and III. Dana Report 72: 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1968">Kramp, 1968: 89</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 239. –
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<treatmentCitation author="Bouillon J." box="[519,712,537,559]" page="81" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" year="1984">
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<bibRefCitation author="Bouillon" box="[519,712,537,559]" firstAuthor="Bouillon" page="81" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="25 - 112" refId="ref65793" refString="Bouillon J. 1984 b. Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology 1 (1): 25 - 112." type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="b">Bouillon, 1984b: 81</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 25-26, life cycle, cnidome. –
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||
<treatmentCitation author="Wang C. & Xu Z. & Guo D. & Huang J. & Lin M." box="[521,752,566,588]" page="108" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" year="2018">
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang" box="[521,752,566,588]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" page="108" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="104 - 111" refId="ref76224" refString="Wang C., Xu Z., Guo D., Huang J., Lin M. 2018. Taxonomic notes on Hydroidomedusae (Cnidaria) from the South China Sea V: Families Laodiceidae, Lovenellidae, Malagazziidae, and Mitrocomidae (Leptomedusae). Acta Oceanologica Sinica 37 (10): 104 - 111." type="journal article" year="2018">
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||
Wang
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||
<emphasis box="[585,630,566,588]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">et al</emphasis>
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||
., 2018: 108
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 3.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="72.[151,757,335,675]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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not
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||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="48K9K" baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[193,451,624,645]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
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<emphasis box="[193,451,624,645]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Octophialucium aphrodite</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. –
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<treatmentCitation author="Van Der Spoel S. & Bleeker J." page="170" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" year="1988">
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<bibRefCitation author="Van der Spoel & Bleeker" firstAuthor="Van der Spoel" page="170" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="161 - 202" refId="ref75807" refString="Van Der Spoel S., Bleeker J. 1988. Medusae from the Banda Sea and Aru Sea plankton, collected during the Snellius II expeditions, 1984 - 1985. Indo Malayan Zoology 5: 161 - 202." type="journal article" year="1988">Van der Spoel & Bleeker, 1988: 170</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 27.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph blockId="72.[151,758,697,1132]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,409,697,721]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Examined material:</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574407" accessionNumber="MW528632" collectingDate="2018-11-14" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" specimenCode="BFLA3823, UF-013428" specimenCount="1">
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||
<specimenCode box="[439,567,698,722]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">BFLA3823</specimenCode>
|
||
;
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||
<specimenCount box="[601,751,697,722]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<date box="[151,308,729,753]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" value="2018-11-14">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[151,308,729,753]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" value="2018-11-14">14-NOV-2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; size
|
||
<quantity box="[373,455,729,753]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="24.0">24 mm</quantity>
|
||
; part preserved in formalin and deposited as
|
||
<specimenCode box="[346,471,761,785]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">UF-013428</specimenCode>
|
||
, part in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence
|
||
<accessionNumber box="[448,582,792,816]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528632" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">MW528632</accessionNumber>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574524" accessionNumber="MW528630" collectingDate="2018-11-15" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" specimenCode="BFLA3833" specimenCount="1">
|
||
–
|
||
<specimenCode box="[626,752,792,816]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">BFLA3833</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[151,281,824,848]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<date box="[296,453,823,847]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" value="2018-11-15">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[296,453,823,847]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" value="2018-11-15">15-NOV-2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; size
|
||
<quantity box="[521,604,824,848]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
; preserved in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence
|
||
<accessionNumber box="[620,753,855,879]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528630" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">MW528630</accessionNumber>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574382" accessionNumber="MW528630" collectingDate="2019-06-11" collectionCode="BFLA" country="Indonesia" location="Bay" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" specimenCode="BFLA4130, UF-013806" specimenCount="1">
|
||
–
|
||
<specimenCode box="[175,300,887,911]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">BFLA4130</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[314,441,887,911]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<date box="[456,605,887,911]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" value="2019-06-11">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[456,605,887,911]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" value="2019-06-11">11-JUN-2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; size
|
||
<quantity box="[671,751,887,911]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="26.0">26 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 10 radial canals; part preserved in formalin and deposited as
|
||
<specimenCode box="[297,424,950,974]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">UF-013806</specimenCode>
|
||
, part preserved in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence identical to
|
||
<accessionNumber box="[613,746,981,1005]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528630" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">MW528630</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574332" accessionNumber="MW528630" collectingDate="1890-02-09" collectingDateMax="1890-06-27" collectingDateMin="1890-02-09" collectionCode="BFLA" country="Indonesia" location="Bay of Ambon" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" specimenCode="MHNG-INVE-0055283" specimenCount="2">
|
||
<specimenCode box="[151,411,1013,1037]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">MHNG-INVE-0055283</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[425,562,1013,1037]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
, badly preserved;
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[151,257,1044,1068]" name="Indonesia" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[289,395,1044,1068]" name="Indonesia" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D0118A7C5B44005EFF14FE96FD4E7BDE:5D676DB15B44005CFE64FB83FDAF7C0C" box="[427,628,1044,1069]" country="Indonesia" name="Bay of Ambon" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Bay of Ambon</location>
|
||
; collected
|
||
<date box="[151,274,1076,1100]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" value="1890-06-27">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[151,274,1076,1100]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" value="1890-06-27">27.06.1890</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
-
|
||
<date box="[281,404,1076,1100]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" value="1890-02-09">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[281,404,1076,1100]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" value="1890-02-09">02.09.1890</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; material described and figured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Maas" box="[179,317,1107,1131]" firstAuthor="Maas" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="81 - 107" refId="ref71092" refString="Maas O. 1906. Meduses d'Amboine. Revue suisse de Zoologie 14: 81 - 107." type="journal article" year="1906">Maas (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="72.[151,757,1154,1998]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,575,1154,1178]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
Observations on
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[353,438,1154,1178]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Mature medusa diameter up to
|
||
<quantity box="[323,404,1186,1210]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="26.0">26 mm</quantity>
|
||
, height about
|
||
<quantity box="[565,646,1186,1210]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
, umbrella rather flat, apical jelly about half the height of the umbrella, lateral wall thin. Stomach large, tubular, base an eight-rayed star, mouth with eight long perradial lips, rim crenulated (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[390,530,1312,1336]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[151,186,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-5@73.[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Fig. 44. Octophialucium aphrodite, living animals from Florida. (A) Oral view of whole animal BFLA3823, diameter 24 mm. (B) Close up of the bell margin of same animal as shown inA, bell opening facing down. Note the large excretory papillae (arrow) and the green dots flanking the marginal bulbs visible only in life. (C) BFLA3833, oblique aboral, bell diameter 10 mm. (D) Bell margin of medusa shown in C, seen from aboral side. (E) BFLA4130, bell diameter 26 mm, oblique view from oral side. (F) Bell margin of medusa shown in E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640060/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Fig. 44A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eight to 10 radial canals, tapering somewhat from manubrium to circular canal. Gonads along distal half of radial canals but not reaching to junction with circular canal, serpentine outline (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[248,355,1438,1462]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[151,186,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-5@73.[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Fig. 44. Octophialucium aphrodite, living animals from Florida. (A) Oral view of whole animal BFLA3823, diameter 24 mm. (B) Close up of the bell margin of same animal as shown inA, bell opening facing down. Note the large excretory papillae (arrow) and the green dots flanking the marginal bulbs visible only in life. (C) BFLA3833, oblique aboral, bell diameter 10 mm. (D) Bell margin of medusa shown in C, seen from aboral side. (E) BFLA4130, bell diameter 26 mm, oblique view from oral side. (F) Bell margin of medusa shown in E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640060/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Fig. 44A</figureCitation>
|
||
), in females with numerous small eggs. Tentacles about 90, tentacle-bulbs elongate conical, abruptly tapering into tentacle; most bulbs with a very large excretory papilla protruding into subumbrella from abaxial side above velum (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[652,752,1564,1588]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[151,186,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-5@73.[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Fig. 44. Octophialucium aphrodite, living animals from Florida. (A) Oral view of whole animal BFLA3823, diameter 24 mm. (B) Close up of the bell margin of same animal as shown inA, bell opening facing down. Note the large excretory papillae (arrow) and the green dots flanking the marginal bulbs visible only in life. (C) BFLA3833, oblique aboral, bell diameter 10 mm. (D) Bell margin of medusa shown in C, seen from aboral side. (E) BFLA4130, bell diameter 26 mm, oblique view from oral side. (F) Bell margin of medusa shown in E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640060/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Fig. 44B</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrow), excretory papilla in preserved animals much shrunken and rather small. Left and right of tentacle bulb base often a green spot (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[491,592,1659,1683]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[151,186,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-5@73.[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Fig. 44. Octophialucium aphrodite, living animals from Florida. (A) Oral view of whole animal BFLA3823, diameter 24 mm. (B) Close up of the bell margin of same animal as shown inA, bell opening facing down. Note the large excretory papillae (arrow) and the green dots flanking the marginal bulbs visible only in life. (C) BFLA3833, oblique aboral, bell diameter 10 mm. (D) Bell margin of medusa shown in C, seen from aboral side. (E) BFLA4130, bell diameter 26 mm, oblique view from oral side. (F) Bell margin of medusa shown in E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640060/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Fig. 44B</figureCitation>
|
||
), but which is not due to pigments. Very few incipient bulbs present. Tentacles thin, extensible to long size. One or two statocysts between tentacle pairs (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[543,648,1754,1778]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[151,186,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-5@73.[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Fig. 44. Octophialucium aphrodite, living animals from Florida. (A) Oral view of whole animal BFLA3823, diameter 24 mm. (B) Close up of the bell margin of same animal as shown inA, bell opening facing down. Note the large excretory papillae (arrow) and the green dots flanking the marginal bulbs visible only in life. (C) BFLA3833, oblique aboral, bell diameter 10 mm. (D) Bell margin of medusa shown in C, seen from aboral side. (E) BFLA4130, bell diameter 26 mm, oblique view from oral side. (F) Bell margin of medusa shown in E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640060/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Fig. 44B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Colour: circular canal with a light green tint, green spots flanking tentacle bulbs in living animals, otherwise colourless.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="72.[151,757,1154,1998]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
Immature medusa (BFLA3833,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[515,618,1880,1904]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[151,186,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-5@73.[199,1395,257,1882]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Fig. 44. Octophialucium aphrodite, living animals from Florida. (A) Oral view of whole animal BFLA3823, diameter 24 mm. (B) Close up of the bell margin of same animal as shown inA, bell opening facing down. Note the large excretory papillae (arrow) and the green dots flanking the marginal bulbs visible only in life. (C) BFLA3833, oblique aboral, bell diameter 10 mm. (D) Bell margin of medusa shown in C, seen from aboral side. (E) BFLA4130, bell diameter 26 mm, oblique view from oral side. (F) Bell margin of medusa shown in E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640060/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Fig. 44C</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity box="[639,721,1880,1904]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter; radial canals, circular canal, and bulbs green, incipient development of gonads, otherwise similar to adult.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="72.[151,756,2021,2077]" lastBlockId="72.[832,1437,257,443]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,270,2021,2045]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">16S Data:</emphasis>
|
||
Searching GenBank for sequences similar to the obtained 16S sequences indicated a relationship to other leptomedusae, but gave no matches with more than 92% sequence identity. A maximum likelihood analysis of a wide selection of leptomedusae did not identify relationships with sufficient bootstrap support (results not shown). The two haplotypes differed in 0.8% of their base pairs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="72.[831,1437,466,2077]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[832,947,466,490]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
Morphologically, the adult specimen BFLA3823 matches very well the existing descriptions and figures (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bigelow" box="[978,1147,531,555]" firstAuthor="Bigelow" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="279 - 362" refId="ref65098" refString="Bigelow H. B. 1928. Hydromedusae, siphonophores and ctenophores of the " Albatross " Philippine Expedition. In: Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent region. Bulletin United States National Museum 100 (1): 279 - 362, pls 39 - 43." type="journal article" year="1928">Bigelow, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kramp" box="[1165,1317,531,555]" firstAuthor="Kramp" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref69950" refString="Kramp P. L. 1968. The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian oceans. Sections II and III. Dana Report 72: 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1968">Kramp, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bouillon" firstAuthor="Bouillon" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="25 - 112" refId="ref65793" refString="Bouillon J. 1984 b. Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology 1 (1): 25 - 112." type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="b">Bouillon, 1984b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) of
|
||
<emphasis box="[951,1098,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[951,1094,563,587]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">O. aphrodite</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Also the comparison material from the
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[941,1045,596,620]" name="Indonesia" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
|
||
agreed well [specimens described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Maas" box="[875,1022,628,652]" firstAuthor="Maas" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="81 - 107" refId="ref71092" refString="Maas O. 1906. Meduses d'Amboine. Revue suisse de Zoologie 14: 81 - 107." type="journal article" year="1906">Maas (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1879" box="[1077,1225,628,652]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octocanna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polynema">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1077,1225,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">O. polynema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, later referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[832,974,661,685]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
|
||
<emphasis box="[832,974,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">O. aphrodite</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bigelow" box="[1026,1206,661,685]" firstAuthor="Bigelow" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="279 - 362" refId="ref65098" refString="Bigelow H. B. 1928. Hydromedusae, siphonophores and ctenophores of the " Albatross " Philippine Expedition. In: Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent region. Bulletin United States National Museum 100 (1): 279 - 362, pls 39 - 43." type="journal article" year="1928">Bigelow (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. The 16S sequence divergence of 0.8 % for sample BFLA3823 and BFLA3833 was interpreted as intraspecific variation (see
|
||
<tableCitation box="[886,969,758,782]" captionStart="Table 1. 16" captionStartId="4.[151,204,770,792]" captionTargetId="graphics-269@4.[151,1437,854,2063]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 1. 16S haplotype p-distances (% base pair differences in aligned sequence pairs) and number of haplotypes observed in the examined material. Only the species for which such a comparison was possible are listed." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0CC76BE25B080010FF58FC94FB897B14" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" tableUuid="0CC76BE25B080010FF58FC94FB897B14">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schuchert" box="[1038,1291,758,782]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Schuchert" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="167 - 182" refId="ref74802" refString="Schuchert P., Hosia A., Leclere L. 2017. Identification of the polyp stage of three leptomedusa species using DNA barcoding. Revue suisse de Zoologie 124: 167 - 182." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Schuchert
|
||
<emphasis box="[1157,1215,758,782]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). BFLA3833 is a subadult specimen and it was thus attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[869,1164,822,846]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
|
||
<emphasis box="[869,1164,822,846]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Octophialucium aphrodite</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mainly based on 16S sequence similarity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="72.[831,1437,466,2077]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
It is somewhat surprising to find this Indo-Pacific medusa in the NW Atlantic Ocean, but it has already been recorded in the
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1011,1060,952,976]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Gulf" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Gulf</collectingRegion>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1103,1222,952,976]" country="Mexico" name="Distrito Federal" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Mexico by</collectingRegion>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Canudas Gonzalez" firstAuthor="Canudas Gonzalez" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="83 - 188" refId="ref67053" refString="Canudas Gonzalez A. 1979. Contribucion al conocimiento de las medusas (Coelenterata) de la Laguna de Terminos, Campeche, Mexico. Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico 6 (1): 83 - 188." type="journal article" year="1979">Canudas Gonzàlez (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, the small size (
|
||
<quantity box="[1178,1254,984,1008]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
|
||
), the low tentacle numbers (23-53), and the high number or radial canals (up to 15) given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Canudas Gonzalez" box="[1047,1325,1049,1073]" firstAuthor="Canudas Gonzalez" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="83 - 188" refId="ref67053" refString="Canudas Gonzalez A. 1979. Contribucion al conocimiento de las medusas (Coelenterata) de la Laguna de Terminos, Campeche, Mexico. Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico 6 (1): 83 - 188." type="journal article" year="1979">Canudas Gonzàlez (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
make this record somewhat doubtful. No illustration was provided. The animal depicted in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Van der Spoel & Bleeker" box="[1087,1436,1114,1138]" firstAuthor="Van der Spoel" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="161 - 202" refId="ref75807" refString="Van Der Spoel S., Bleeker J. 1988. Medusae from the Banda Sea and Aru Sea plankton, collected during the Snellius II expeditions, 1984 - 1985. Indo Malayan Zoology 5: 161 - 202." type="journal article" year="1988">Van der Spoel & Bleeker (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is unlikely
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[950,1149,1146,1170]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="octophialucium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[950,1149,1146,1170]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">O. octophialucium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as it has only 24 tentacles. It is more likely
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kramp, 1955 b" authorityName="Kramp" authorityYear="1955" box="[1024,1314,1178,1203]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octocanna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="medium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1024,1145,1179,1203]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">O. medium</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kramp" box="[1156,1314,1178,1202]" firstAuthor="Kramp" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref69760" refString="Kramp P. L. 1955 b. The medusae of the tropical west coast of Africa. Atlantide Report 3: 239 - 324, pls 1 - 3." type="book chapter" year="1955" yearSuffix="b">Kramp, 1955b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which has only 16 tentacles, but otherwise resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[1299,1437,1211,1235]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1299,1437,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">O. aphrodite</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
very much.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="72.[831,1437,466,2077]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[832,1133,1276,1300]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
|
||
<emphasis box="[832,1133,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">Octophialucium aphrodite</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles also closely
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Quoy & Gaimard, 1827)" baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[832,1254,1308,1332]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="funerarium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[832,982,1308,1332]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">O. funerarium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Quoy & Gaimard" box="[994,1246,1308,1332]" firstAuthor="Quoy" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="225 - 239" refId="ref73814" refString="Quoy J. R. C. Gaimard J. P. 1827. Observations zoologiques faites a bord de l'Astrolabe, en mai 1826, dans le Detroit de Gibraltar. Annales des Sciences naturelles 10: 5 - 21, 172 - 193, 225 - 239." type="journal article" year="1827">Quoy & Gaimard, 1827</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The latter occurs in the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cornelius" firstAuthor="Cornelius" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="1 - 347" refId="ref67351" refString="Cornelius P. F. S. 1995. North-west European thecate hydroids and their medusae. Part 1. Introduction, Laodiceidae to Haleciidae. Synopses of the British Fauna New Series 50 (1): 1 - 347." type="journal article" year="1995">Cornelius, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and it appears more probable to be found in the westernAtlantic than the Indo-Pacific
|
||
<emphasis box="[1230,1371,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[1230,1367,1405,1429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">O. aphrodite</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="104 - 111" refId="ref76224" refString="Wang C., Xu Z., Guo D., Huang J., Lin M. 2018. Taxonomic notes on Hydroidomedusae (Cnidaria) from the South China Sea V: Families Laodiceidae, Lovenellidae, Malagazziidae, and Mitrocomidae (Leptomedusae). Acta Oceanologica Sinica 37 (10): 104 - 111." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis box="[831,885,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have recently discussed some differences of the two species, mostly using the shape of the tentacular bulbs and the average number of statocysts between two fully developed tentacles (1 versus 2). However, there are more differences. Most importantly, the manubrium and the tentacle bulbs of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[1055,1208,1599,1623]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="funerarium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1055,1208,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">O. funerarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are characteristically dark coloured by a black pigment (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Quoy & Gaimard" firstAuthor="Quoy" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="225 - 239" refId="ref73814" refString="Quoy J. R. C. Gaimard J. P. 1827. Observations zoologiques faites a bord de l'Astrolabe, en mai 1826, dans le Detroit de Gibraltar. Annales des Sciences naturelles 10: 5 - 21, 172 - 193, 225 - 239." type="journal article" year="1827">Quoy & Gaimard, 1827</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kramp & Damas" box="[900,1153,1664,1688]" firstAuthor="Kramp" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="217 - 323" refId="ref69979" refString="Kramp P. L., Damas D. 1925. Les meduses de la Norvege. Introduction et partie speciale. Videnskabelige meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorik Forening 80: 217 - 323." type="journal article" year="1925">Kramp & Damas, 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell" box="[1165,1314,1664,1688]" firstAuthor="Russell" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" refId="ref74166" refString="Russell F. S. 1953. The medusae of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press, London, 530 pp., 35 pls." type="book" year="1953">Russell, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cornelius" firstAuthor="Cornelius" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="1 - 347" refId="ref67351" refString="Cornelius P. F. S. 1995. North-west European thecate hydroids and their medusae. Part 1. Introduction, Laodiceidae to Haleciidae. Synopses of the British Fauna New Series 50 (1): 1 - 347." type="journal article" year="1995">Cornelius, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Moreover, the jelly is thicker and lentil-shaped, the subumbrella very shallow, the diameter is usually larger (up to
|
||
<quantity box="[968,1046,1761,1785]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and rudimentary bulbs are frequent (rare in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[916,1051,1794,1818]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
|
||
<emphasis box="[916,1051,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">O. aphrodite</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="72.[831,1437,466,2077]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bouillon" box="[831,1022,1826,1850]" firstAuthor="Bouillon" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" pagination="25 - 112" refId="ref65793" refString="Bouillon J. 1984 b. Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology 1 (1): 25 - 112." type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="b">Bouillon (1984b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
remarked that some published illustrations of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[951,1089,1858,1882]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
|
||
<emphasis box="[951,1089,1858,1882]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">O. aphrodite</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are based on altered specimens and he provided an excellent figure.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="72.[831,1437,466,2077]" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
Based on the references given in the synonymy above, the following updated consensus diagnosis for
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[1300,1437,1955,1979]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1300,1437,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">O. aphrodite</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can thus be provided:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="72.[831,1437,466,2077]" lastBlockId="74.[151,756,257,786]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="72" pageNumber="308">
|
||
Medusa
|
||
<quantity box="[924,1035,2020,2044]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="72" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="15.0">15-40 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter when mature, bell flatter than hemisphere, apical jelly about half the height of the bell, lateral wall thin. Manubrium large, tubular, base an eight-rayed star, mouth with eight perradial lips. Eight radial canals, rarely 7, 9, or 10. Gonads spindle-shaped, along distal 1/5 to 1/2 of radial canals, not reaching to junction with circular canal. 80-120 tentacles and as many bulbs, bulbs distinctly separated from tentacles, only few small bulbs without tentacles present. Excretory papillae tubular, large, in life reaching the same length as the bulbs. One or two statocysts between tentacle pairs, statocysts with two concretions. Colours: colourless or greenish circular canal, without black pigment in manubrium and bulbs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5640060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640060/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="309" startId="73.[151,186,1935,1957]" targetBox="[199,1395,257,1882]" targetPageId="73">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="73.[151,1437,1935,2073]" pageId="73" pageNumber="309">
|
||
Fig. 44.
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bigelow" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[238,492,1935,1956]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Malagazziidae" genus="Octophialucium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="73" pageNumber="309" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodite">
|
||
<emphasis box="[238,492,1935,1956]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="309">Octophialucium aphrodite</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, living animals from Florida. (A) Oral view of whole animal BFLA3823, diameter 24 mm. (B) Close up of the bell margin of same animal as shown in A, bell opening facing down. Note the large excretory papillae (arrow) and the green dots flanking the marginal bulbs visible only in life. (C) BFLA3833, oblique aboral, bell diameter 10 mm. (D) Bell margin of medusa shown in C, seen from aboral side. (E) BFLA4130, bell diameter 26 mm, oblique view from oral side. (F) Bell margin of medusa shown in E.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="74.[151,756,257,786]" pageId="74" pageNumber="310">Hydroid colony stolonal; hydrotheca pedicellate, with a conical operculum formed by numerous convergent segments that are not clearly demarcated from hydrothecal wall; hydranth with intertentacular web; gonothecae claviform, arising from stolons.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="74" pageNumber="310" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="74.[151,756,808,1023]" pageId="74" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,303,808,832]" pageId="74" pageNumber="310">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
In the Pacific Ocean known from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[151,259,840,864]" name="Indonesia" pageId="74" pageNumber="310">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[278,403,840,864]" name="Philippines" pageId="74" pageNumber="310">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[422,650,840,864]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="74" pageNumber="310">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the South
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[221,285,872,896]" name="China" pageId="74" pageNumber="310">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kramp" box="[346,493,872,896]" firstAuthor="Kramp" pageId="74" pageNumber="310" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref69950" refString="Kramp P. L. 1968. The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian oceans. Sections II and III. Dana Report 72: 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1968">Kramp, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bouillon" box="[505,683,872,896]" firstAuthor="Bouillon" pageId="74" pageNumber="310" pagination="25 - 112" refId="ref65793" refString="Bouillon J. 1984 b. Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology 1 (1): 25 - 112." type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="b">Bouillon, 1984b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" pageId="74" pageNumber="310" pagination="104 - 111" refId="ref76224" refString="Wang C., Xu Z., Guo D., Huang J., Lin M. 2018. Taxonomic notes on Hydroidomedusae (Cnidaria) from the South China Sea V: Families Laodiceidae, Lovenellidae, Malagazziidae, and Mitrocomidae (Leptomedusae). Acta Oceanologica Sinica 37 (10): 104 - 111." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,199,903,927]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); in the Indian Ocean from the
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[615,756,903,927]" name="Mozambique" pageId="74" pageNumber="310">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
Channel (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kramp" box="[257,406,935,959]" firstAuthor="Kramp" pageId="74" pageNumber="310" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref69791" refString="Kramp P. L. 1957. Hydromedusae from the Discovery collections. Discovery Reports 29: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1957">Kramp, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); in the Atlantic Ocean perhaps in the Gulf of Mexico (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Canudas Gonzalez" box="[420,699,966,991]" firstAuthor="Canudas Gonzalez" pageId="74" pageNumber="310" pagination="83 - 188" refId="ref67053" refString="Canudas Gonzalez A. 1979. Contribucion al conocimiento de las medusas (Coelenterata) de la Laguna de Terminos, Campeche, Mexico. Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico 6 (1): 83 - 188." type="journal article" year="1979">Canudas Gonzàlez, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and off Florida (this study).
|
||
<typeStatus box="[406,459,999,1023]" pageId="74" pageNumber="310">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality: Sulu Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |