275 lines
26 KiB
XML
275 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.35929/RSZ.0049" ID-GBIF-Dataset="172fa5c5-c0c4-4bd7-b710-d608237b8458" ID-ISSN="0035-418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5639938" checkinTime="1635892563566" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Schuchert, Peter & Collins, Richard" docDate="2021" docId="D0118A7C5B27003AFCB5F89BFDB37919" docLanguage="en" docName="RevSuisseZool.128.2.237-356.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Revue suisse de Zoologie 128 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256.2:RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256" docStyleName="RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Laodicea undulata" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="281" masterDocId="2C28F2045B0C0014FFCFFF96FFDB7820" masterDocTitle="Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream" masterLastPageNumber="356" masterPageNumber="237" pageNumber="279" updateTime="1683579073239" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schuchert, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Muséum d’histoire naturelle, C. P. 6434, CH- 1211 Genève 6, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">peter.schuchert@ville-ge.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Collins, Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>880 NE 33 rd Street, Boca Raton, Florida, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rc6684@icloud.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revue suisse de Zoologie</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-10-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>128</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>237</mods:start>
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<mods:end>356</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.35929/RSZ.0049</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">172fa5c5-c0c4-4bd7-b710-d608237b8458</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0035-418</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5639938</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5710614" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190510788" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5710614" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D0118A7C5B27003AFCB5F89BFDB37919" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0118A7C5B27003AFCB5F89BFDB37919" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="281" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">
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<subSubSection box="[890,1378,1805,1830]" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[890,1378,1805,1862]" box="[890,1378,1805,1830]" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">
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<heading bold="true" box="[890,1378,1805,1830]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3S84V" ID-ENA="662012" authority="(Forbes & Godsir, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Forbes & Godsir" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[890,1378,1805,1830]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[890,1378,1805,1830]" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[890,1096,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">Laodicea undulata</emphasis>
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(Forbes & Godsir, 1853)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1077,1191,1838,1862]" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[890,1378,1805,1862]" box="[1077,1191,1838,1862]" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">
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<figureCitation box="[1077,1145,1838,1862]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[151,186,1994,2016]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,850,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-247@44.[151,1435,850,1951]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 27. Laodicea undulata, all not fully grown. (A-B) BFLA3836, size 6 mm, subadult. (A) Lateral view of whole animal, bell contracted and therefore higher than when relaxed. (B) Aboral view showing bell margin, cirri and cordyli are visible. (C) BFLA3836, size 6 mm. (D) BFLA3812, size 8 mm. (E) BFLA4126, size 10 mm, note the aberrant, branched radial canal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640018/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">Fig 27</figureCitation>
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A-E
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="279" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph blockId="43.[831,1437,1883,1935]" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="43" pageNumber="279">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3S84V" baseAuthorityName="Forbes & Godsir" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[831,1022,1884,1905]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">
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<emphasis box="[831,1022,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">Laodicea undulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. –
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<treatmentCitation author="Schuchert P." box="[1072,1310,1883,1906]" page="353" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" year="2017">
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<bibRefCitation author="Schuchert" box="[1072,1310,1883,1906]" firstAuthor="Schuchert" page="353" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" pagination="351 - 375" refId="ref74636" refString="Schuchert P. 2017 a. Systematic notes on some leptomedusa species with a description of Neotima galeai n. spec. (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Revue suisse de Zoologie 124 (2): 351 - 375." type="journal article" year="2017" yearSuffix="a">Schuchert, 2017a: 353</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 2A-C, redescription, complete synonymy.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[831,1437,1957,2077]" lastBlockId="44.[151,757,257,641]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[831,1060,1957,1981]" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">Examined material:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574381" accessionNumber="MW528645" collectingDate="2018-10-13" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" specimenCode="BFLA3797" specimenCount="1">
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<specimenCode box="[1068,1192,1958,1982]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">BFLA3797</specimenCode>
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;
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<specimenCount box="[1204,1329,1958,1982]" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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;
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<date pageId="43" pageNumber="279" value="2018-10-13">
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<collectingDate pageId="43" pageNumber="279" value="2018-10-13">13-OCT- 2018</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
; size
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||
<quantity box="[971,1048,1989,2013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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||
; preserved in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence
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||
<accessionNumber box="[1115,1247,2021,2045]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528645" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">MW528645</accessionNumber>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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.
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||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574510" accessionNumber="MW528646" collectingDate="2018-10-19" collectionCode="BFLA" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" specimenCode="BFLA3806" specimenCount="1">
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–
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<specimenCode box="[1284,1408,2021,2045]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="43" pageNumber="279">BFLA3806</specimenCode>
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;
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<specimenCount pageId="43" pageNumber="279" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
;
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<date box="[948,1100,2053,2077]" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" value="2018-10-19">
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<collectingDate box="[948,1100,2053,2077]" pageId="43" pageNumber="279" value="2018-10-19">19-OCT-2018</collectingDate>
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</date>
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; preserved in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence
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<accessionNumber box="[448,582,257,281]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528646" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">MW528646</accessionNumber>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574526" accessionNumber="MW528647" collectingDate="2018-10-20" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" specimenCode="BFLA3812" specimenCount="1">
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–
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<specimenCode box="[626,752,257,281]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">BFLA3812</specimenCode>
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||
;
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||
<specimenCount box="[151,283,290,314]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
;
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||
<date box="[301,454,290,314]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" value="2018-10-20">
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||
<collectingDate box="[301,454,290,314]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" value="2018-10-20">20-OCT-2018</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
; size
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||
<quantity box="[527,599,290,314]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
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; preserved in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence
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<accessionNumber box="[620,753,322,346]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528647" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">MW528647</accessionNumber>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574336" accessionNumber="MW528648" collectingDate="2018-11-19" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" specimenCode="BFLA3836" specimenCount="1">
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||
–
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||
<specimenCode box="[175,301,355,379]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">BFLA3836</specimenCode>
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||
;
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||
<specimenCount box="[315,444,355,379]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
;
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||
<date box="[459,617,355,379]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" value="2018-11-19">
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||
<collectingDate box="[459,617,355,379]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" value="2018-11-19">19-NOV-2018</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
; size
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||
<quantity box="[683,752,355,379]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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||
; preserved in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence
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||
<accessionNumber box="[151,284,420,444]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528648" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">MW528648</accessionNumber>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574409" accessionNumber="MW528648" collectingDate="2019-06-06" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" specimenCode="BFLA4126" specimenCount="1">
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||
–
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||
<specimenCode box="[320,446,421,445]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">BFLA4126</specimenCode>
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||
;
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||
<specimenCount box="[460,587,421,445]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
;
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||
<date box="[601,751,421,445]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" value="2019-06-06">
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||
<collectingDate box="[601,751,421,445]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" value="2019-06-06">06-JUN-2019</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
; size
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||
<quantity box="[200,279,453,477]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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||
; has one branched radial canal, thus 5 radial canals in total; preserved in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence identical to
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<accessionNumber box="[468,602,518,542]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528648" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">MW528648</accessionNumber>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574359" collectingDate="2019-03-04" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" specimenCount="1">
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||
–
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||
<date pageId="44" pageNumber="280" value="2019-03-04">
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<collectingDate pageId="44" pageNumber="280" value="2019-03-04">04-MAR- 2019</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
;
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||
<specimenCount box="[222,347,551,575]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
photographed, with one radial canal joining another radial canal instead of manubrium, not collected.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="280" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="44.[151,756,664,786]" lastBlockId="44.[832,1437,257,477]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,315,664,688]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">Observations:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1843" box="[340,442,664,688]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[340,442,664,688]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">Laodicea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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medusae with umbrella up to
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<quantity box="[226,308,697,721]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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wide, all individuals not fully grown; stomach quadratic, short, with four folded lips. Gonads contiguous with stomach and spreading along proximal half to 2/3 (depending on bell size and age) of widened radial canals (= basal stomach pouches or extensions), flat leaf-like, pendant, sinuous. Up to 100 tentacles; small tentacle bulbs that taper gradually into tentacle, bulb usually with an adaxial ocellus, usually one marginal cirrus between successive tentacles; usually one cordylus between successive tentacles.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="280" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="44.[832,1436,501,786]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[832,949,501,525]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">16S Data:</emphasis>
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A blastn search in GenBank with the four obtained sequences gave always as best match one of the European
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<taxonomicName box="[993,1200,566,590]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulate">
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<emphasis box="[993,1200,566,590]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">Laodicea undulate</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sequences, although the similarities were rather low (92-95%). The haplotypes from
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<collectingRegion box="[1014,1091,632,656]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">Florida</collectingRegion>
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showed high divergence values of up to 10.6% (
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<tableCitation box="[1031,1117,664,688]" captionStart="Table 1. 16" captionStartId="4.[151,204,770,792]" captionTargetId="graphics-269@4.[151,1437,854,2063]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 1. 16S haplotype p-distances (% base pair differences in aligned sequence pairs) and number of haplotypes observed in the examined material. Only the species for which such a comparison was possible are listed." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0CC76BE25B080010FF58FC94FB897B14" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" tableUuid="0CC76BE25B080010FF58FC94FB897B14">Table 1</tableCitation>
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||
), while the three European haplotypes have only 0.5% bp differences. A maximum likelihood tree separated the sequenced into three distinct lineages (
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<figureCitation box="[1019,1099,762,786]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[153,188,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[199,1370,677,1924]" captionTargetId="graphics-159@45.[199,969,686,1866]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 28. 16S maximum likelihood phylogenetictree of Laodiceidae,Hebellidae,and Orchistomatidae,obtainedwith PhyML (GTR+G+I model) and based on about 600 bp positions of the mitochondrial 16S gene. Node-support values are bootstrap values of 100 pseudoreplicates (shown only if> 70%).All sequence labels start with the GenBank numbers (except for identical haplotypes) permitting the retrieval of more information. Red labels are new sequences from this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640020/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640018" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5640018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640018/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" startId="44.[151,186,1994,2016]" targetBox="[151,1435,850,1951]" targetPageId="44">
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||
<paragraph blockId="44.[151,1436,1994,2074]" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">
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||
Fig. 27.
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||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forbes & Godsir" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[238,421,1994,2015]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="44" pageNumber="280" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[238,421,1994,2015]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="280">Laodicea undulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all not fully grown. (A-B) BFLA3836, size 6 mm, subadult. (A) Lateral view of whole animal, bell contracted and therefore higher than when relaxed. (B) Aboral view showing bell margin, cirri and cordyli are visible. (C) BFLA3836, size 6 mm. (D) BFLA3812, size 8 mm. (E) BFLA4126, size 10 mm, note the aberrant, branched radial canal.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="281" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph blockId="45.[151,756,257,448]" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,302,257,281]" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Distribution:</emphasis>
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||
Eastern Atlantic and adjacent waters from
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||
<collectingCountry box="[217,296,291,315]" name="Iceland" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Iceland</collectingCountry>
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||
and northern
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||
<collectingCountry box="[469,556,291,315]" name="Norway" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Norway</collectingCountry>
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||
to
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||
<collectingCountry box="[604,751,291,315]" name="South Africa" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
; western Atlantic from Nova Scotia to Tierra del Fuego; Mediterranean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kramp" box="[345,514,357,381]" firstAuthor="Kramp" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref69950" refString="Kramp P. L. 1968. The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian oceans. Sections II and III. Dana Report 72: 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1968">Kramp, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Some occasional records from the Indo-Pacific require a re-evaluation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schuchert" box="[158,350,424,448]" firstAuthor="Schuchert" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" pagination="351 - 375" refId="ref74636" refString="Schuchert P. 2017 a. Systematic notes on some leptomedusa species with a description of Neotima galeai n. spec. (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Revue suisse de Zoologie 124 (2): 351 - 375." type="journal article" year="2017" yearSuffix="a">Schuchert, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus box="[367,420,424,448]" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality: The Minch,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[651,748,424,448]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Scotland</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,756,472,596]" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,265,472,496]" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
It is arguable if the widened radial canals with the gonads (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[372,480,506,530]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[151,186,1994,2016]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,850,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-247@44.[151,1435,850,1951]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 27. Laodicea undulata, all not fully grown. (A-B) BFLA3836, size 6 mm, subadult. (A) Lateral view of whole animal, bell contracted and therefore higher than when relaxed. (B) Aboral view showing bell margin, cirri and cordyli are visible. (C) BFLA3836, size 6 mm. (D) BFLA3812, size 8 mm. (E) BFLA4126, size 10 mm, note the aberrant, branched radial canal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640018/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
) should not better be interpreted as basal perradial extensions or pouches of the manubrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[831,1437,257,598]" lastBlockId="46.[151,756,257,313]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">
|
||
Although the animals of this study were morphologically not separable, some of their 16S sequences were very divergent, suggesting the presence of cryptic species (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[839,921,363,387]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[153,188,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[199,1370,677,1924]" captionTargetId="graphics-159@45.[199,969,686,1866]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 28. 16S maximum likelihood phylogenetictree of Laodiceidae,Hebellidae,and Orchistomatidae,obtainedwith PhyML (GTR+G+I model) and based on about 600 bp positions of the mitochondrial 16S gene. Node-support values are bootstrap values of 100 pseudoreplicates (shown only if> 70%).All sequence labels start with the GenBank numbers (except for identical haplotypes) permitting the retrieval of more information. Red labels are new sequences from this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5640020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5640020/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forbes & Godsir" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[943,1146,363,387]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[943,1146,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Laodicea undulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a complex synonymy. It includes also a nominal species of the NE Atlantic, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="L. Agassiz, 1862" authorityName="L. Agassiz" authorityYear="1862" box="[929,1374,433,457]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="calcarata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[929,1150,433,457]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Laodicea calcarata</emphasis>
|
||
L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Agassiz A." box="[1210,1374,433,457]" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" refId="ref64002" refString="Agassiz A. 1862. In: Agassiz L. 1862." title="Agassiz L" type="book chapter" year="1862">Agassiz, 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Agassiz" box="[832,993,468,492]" firstAuthor="Agassiz" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" pagination="1 - 234" refId="ref64014" refString="Agassiz A. 1865. North American Acalephae. Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 2: 1 - 234." type="journal article" year="1865">Agassiz, 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but this nominal species is currently not separable from
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forbes & Godsir" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1042,1167,503,527]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1042,1167,503,527]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">L. undulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(comp.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cornelius" box="[1257,1431,503,527]" firstAuthor="Cornelius" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" pagination="1 - 347" refId="ref67351" refString="Cornelius P. F. S. 1995. North-west European thecate hydroids and their medusae. Part 1. Introduction, Laodiceidae to Haleciidae. Synopses of the British Fauna New Series 50 (1): 1 - 347." type="journal article" year="1995">Cornelius, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schuchert" box="[832,1028,538,563]" firstAuthor="Schuchert" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" pagination="351 - 375" refId="ref74636" refString="Schuchert P. 2017 a. Systematic notes on some leptomedusa species with a description of Neotima galeai n. spec. (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Revue suisse de Zoologie 124 (2): 351 - 375." type="journal article" year="2017" yearSuffix="a">Schuchert, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mayer" box="[1053,1208,539,563]" firstAuthor="Mayer" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" pagination="13 - 82" refId="ref71587" refString="Mayer A. G. 1900. Some medusae from the Tortugas, Florida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology of Harvard 37 (2): 13 - 82, pls 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1900">Mayer (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mayer" authorityYear="1900" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="281" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="neptuna">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Laodicea neptuna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[991,1072,573,597]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="45" pageNumber="281">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
. As it has only eight tentacles it cannot be one of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1843" box="[399,498,257,281]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="46" pageNumber="282" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[399,498,257,281]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="282">Laodicea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
observed here.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kramp" firstAuthor="Kramp" pageId="46" pageNumber="282" pagination="1 - 283" refId="ref69812" refString="Kramp P. L. 1959 a. The Hydromedusae of the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent waters. Dana Report 46: 1 - 283." type="book chapter" year="1959" yearSuffix="a">Kramp (1959a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
regarded it as a
|
||
<emphasis box="[410,609,289,313]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="282">species inquirenda</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |