270 lines
24 KiB
XML
270 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.35929/RSZ.0049" ID-GBIF-Dataset="172fa5c5-c0c4-4bd7-b710-d608237b8458" ID-ISSN="0035-418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5639938" checkinTime="1635892563566" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Schuchert, Peter & Collins, Richard" docDate="2021" docId="D0118A7C5B0A0013FC66FE96FBB17FE0" docLanguage="en" docName="RevSuisseZool.128.2.237-356.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Revue suisse de Zoologie 128 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256.2:RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256" docStyleName="RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Cytaeis tetrastyla Eschscholtz 1829" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="243" masterDocId="2C28F2045B0C0014FFCFFF96FFDB7820" masterDocTitle="Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream" masterLastPageNumber="356" masterPageNumber="237" pageNumber="242" updateTime="1683579073239" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Schuchert, Peter</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Muséum d’histoire naturelle, C. P. 6434, CH- 1211 Genève 6, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">peter.schuchert@ville-ge.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Collins, Richard</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>880 NE 33 rd Street, Boca Raton, Florida, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rc6684@icloud.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Revue suisse de Zoologie</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2021-10-21</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>128</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>237</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>356</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.35929/RSZ.0049</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">172fa5c5-c0c4-4bd7-b710-d608237b8458</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0035-418</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5639938</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5710584" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190510847" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5710584" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D0118A7C5B0A0013FC66FE96FBB17FE0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0118A7C5B0A0013FC66FE96FBB17FE0" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="243" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[937,1331,256,280]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[937,1331,256,313]" box="[937,1331,256,280]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[937,1331,256,280]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="33Q9Y" ID-ENA="2805961" authority="Eschscholtz, 1829" authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[937,1331,256,280]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetrastyla">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[937,1331,256,280]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[937,1124,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Cytaeis tetrastyla</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eschscholtz" box="[1131,1331,256,280]" firstAuthor="Eschscholtz" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" refId="ref67623" refString="Eschscholtz F. 1829. System der Acalephen. Eine ausfuhrliche Beschreibung aller medusenartigen Strahltiere. Ferdinand Dummler, Berlin, 190 pp., 16 pls." type="book" year="1829">Eschscholtz, 1829</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[1080,1188,289,313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[937,1331,256,313]" box="[1080,1188,289,313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1080,1141,289,313]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[151,186,1603,1625]" captionTargetBox="[180,1413,257,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-113@7.[180,1413,255,1547]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Cytaeis tetrastyla, bell height 2 mm. (A) Lateral view, note medusa buds on upper part of manubrium, BFLA4066. (B) Lateral view with focus on the frontal exumbrella showing the typical flared tentacle bases of Cytaeis medusae, BFLA4073. (C) BFLA4069, note green tentacle tips, a colour likely due to interference effects and not pigments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5639942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5639942/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A-C
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[831,1437,335,416]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Eschscholtz F." box="[831,1264,335,357]" page="104" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" year="1829">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="33Q9Y" authority="Eschscholtz, 1829: 104" authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityPageNumber="104" authorityYear="1829" box="[831,1264,335,357]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetrastyla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[831,1009,335,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Cytaeis tetrastyla</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eschscholtz" box="[1022,1264,335,357]" firstAuthor="Eschscholtz" page="104" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" refId="ref67623" refString="Eschscholtz F. 1829. System der Acalephen. Eine ausfuhrliche Beschreibung aller medusenartigen Strahltiere. Ferdinand Dummler, Berlin, 190 pp., 16 pls." type="book" year="1829">Eschscholtz, 1829: 104</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 8 fig. 2. –
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Schuchert P." box="[907,1122,364,386]" page="275" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schuchert" box="[907,1122,364,386]" firstAuthor="Schuchert" page="275" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" pagination="195 - 396" refId="ref74456" refString="Schuchert P. 2007. The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Revue suisse de Zoologie 114 (2): 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert, 2007: 275</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 32, synonymy, references, taxonomic details.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[831,1437,439,787]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[831,1060,439,463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Examined material:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574327" collectingDate="10 - APR- 2019" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" specimenCode="BFLA4066" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1067,1192,439,463]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">BFLA4066</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1204,1328,439,463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<date box="[1340,1365,439,463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" value="2019-04-10">10</date>
|
||
-APR- 2019
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
; size
|
||
<quantity box="[971,1048,472,496]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; preserved in ethanol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence
|
||
<accessionNumber box="[1115,1247,504,528]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528664" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">MW528664</accessionNumber>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574346" collectingDate="11 - APR- 2019" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" specimenCode="BFLA4069" specimenCount="1">
|
||
–
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1284,1409,504,528]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">BFLA4069</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate box="[954,1107,536,560]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<date box="[954,977,536,560]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" value="2019-04-11">11</date>
|
||
-APR-2019
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
; size 1.5 mm; photographed and preserved in formalin and deposited as
|
||
<accessionNumber box="[1307,1433,569,593]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">UF-013780</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574321" collectingDate="11 - APR- 2019" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" specimenCode="BFLA4073" specimenCount="1">
|
||
–
|
||
<specimenCode box="[864,991,601,625]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">BFLA4073</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1014,1153,601,625]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1176,1330,601,625]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<date box="[1176,1199,601,625]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" value="2019-04-11">11</date>
|
||
-APR-2019
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity box="[1354,1432,601,625]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; preserved in ethanol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence
|
||
<accessionNumber box="[831,964,666,690]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528667" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">MW528667</accessionNumber>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574405" collectingDate="28 - MAY- 2020" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" specimenCode="BFLA4418" specimenCount="1">
|
||
–
|
||
<specimenCode box="[998,1123,666,690]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">BFLA4418</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1135,1261,666,690]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1274,1432,666,690]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<date box="[1274,1299,666,690]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" value="2020-05-28">28</date>
|
||
-MAY-2020
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
; size
|
||
<quantity box="[885,955,698,722]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; preserved in ethanol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence
|
||
<accessionNumber box="[985,1117,730,754]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MW528725" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">MW528725</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574479" collectingDate="2017-11-16" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" specimenCount="1">
|
||
–
|
||
<date box="[1148,1304,730,754]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" value="2017-11-16">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1148,1304,730,754]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" value="2017-11-16">16-NOV-2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1315,1437,730,755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
photographed, not collected.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[831,1437,810,1287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[831,996,810,834]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Observations:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[1019,1101,811,834]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1019,1101,811,834]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Cytaeis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
medusa with bell height 1.5-
|
||
<quantity box="[874,954,842,866]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, apical jelly not much thickened and without apical process, but often with apical funnellike depression; subumbrella with shallow gastric peduncle. Manubrium spindle-shaped, reaching to velum level, with more than 10 capitate tentacles originating distinctly above mouth margin; in upper third of manubrium several medusa buds, in lower two thirds apparently with developing gonad. Four perradial tentacles, fully contracted about as long as bell height, solid, bases widened to ovoid bulbs which adhere just above bell margin, giving the impression of the tentacles being connected by a flared end (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1202,1288,1198,1223]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[151,186,1603,1625]" captionTargetBox="[180,1413,257,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-113@7.[180,1413,255,1547]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Cytaeis tetrastyla, bell height 2 mm. (A) Lateral view, note medusa buds on upper part of manubrium, BFLA4066. (B) Lateral view with focus on the frontal exumbrella showing the typical flared tentacle bases of Cytaeis medusae, BFLA4073. (C) BFLA4069, note green tentacle tips, a colour likely due to interference effects and not pigments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5639942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5639942/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
); the tentacle arises at an acute angle to the bulb and curve towards aboral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[831,1437,1310,1399]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[831,980,1310,1334]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Circumglobally in tropical to subtropical seas, partly oceanic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schuchert" box="[1072,1259,1343,1367]" firstAuthor="Schuchert" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" pagination="195 - 396" refId="ref74456" refString="Schuchert P. 2007. The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Revue suisse de Zoologie 114 (2): 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1282,1335,1343,1367]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality: Atlantic Ocean, south of Equator.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[831,1437,1422,1673]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[831,952,1422,1447]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">16S Data:</emphasis>
|
||
The three obtained 16S haplotypes have a maximal divergence of 2.2% and are thought to represent intraspecific variation (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1233,1329,1487,1512]" captionStart="Table 1. 16" captionStartId="4.[151,204,770,792]" captionTargetId="graphics-269@4.[151,1437,854,2063]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 1. 16S haplotype p-distances (% base pair differences in aligned sequence pairs) and number of haplotypes observed in the examined material. Only the species for which such a comparison was possible are listed." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0CC76BE25B080010FF58FC94FB897B14" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" tableUuid="0CC76BE25B080010FF58FC94FB897B14">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Blastn searches in GenBank did not yield matches at specieslevel identities. The closest matches were with several samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Rees, 1962" authorityName="Rees" authorityYear="1962" box="[970,1294,1584,1608]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uchidae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[970,1151,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Cytaeis uchidae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rees" box="[1166,1294,1584,1608]" firstAuthor="Rees" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" pagination="381 - 400" refId="ref74098" refString="Rees W. J. 1962. Hydroids of the family Cytaeidae L. Agassiz, 1862. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Zoology series 8: 381 - 400." type="book chapter" year="1962">Rees, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1375,1436,1585,1608]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(about 95% identity), followed by other
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1265,1433,1617,1641]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1265,1345,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Cytaeis</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, though with lower identity values.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="243" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[831,1437,1697,2076]" lastBlockId="7.[151,756,1799,2047]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="243" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[831,945,1697,1721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The taxonomic situation and identification of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[871,952,1729,1752]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[871,952,1729,1752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Cytaeis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
medusae is currently not resolved (see discussion in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schuchert" box="[978,1157,1761,1785]" firstAuthor="Schuchert" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" pagination="195 - 396" refId="ref74456" refString="Schuchert P. 2007. The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Revue suisse de Zoologie 114 (2): 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The opinion of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bouillon" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" pagination="1 - 448" refId="ref66079" refString="Bouillon J., Medel M. D., Pages F., Gili J. M., Boero B., Gravili C. 2004. Fauna of the Mediterranean Hydrozoa. Scientia Marina 68 (Suppl. 2): 1 - 448." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Bouillon
|
||
<emphasis box="[831,890,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that the “
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[1089,1281,1794,1818]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetrastyla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1089,1281,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Cytaeis tetrastyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like”medusae should not be given a specific name until the taxonomy has been sorted out properly is still valid, in particular if they do not come from the tropical Atlantic Ocean. However, the current material does come from the same tropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean as the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1390,1436,1956,1980]" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material and no named or distinct
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[1228,1309,1988,2011]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1228,1309,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Cytaeis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
polyps are known from this region. We can thus be reasonably sure that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[882,1073,2052,2076]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetrastyla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[882,1073,2052,2076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="242">Cytaeis tetrastyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most likely the correct name. The taxonomic ambiguity relating to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[554,688,1799,1823]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetrastyla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[554,688,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="243">C. tetrastyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
needs to be resolved using DNA sequence data of several populations and the present samples will hopefully contribute to this end.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5639942" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5639942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5639942/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="243" startId="7.[151,186,1603,1625]" targetBox="[180,1413,257,1547]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1436,1603,1682]" pageId="7" pageNumber="243">
|
||
Fig. 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[227,396,1603,1624]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetrastyla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[227,396,1603,1624]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="243">Cytaeis tetrastyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, bell height 2 mm. (A) Lateral view, note medusa buds on upper part of manubrium, BFLA4066. (B) Lateral view with focus on the frontal exumbrella showing the typical flared tentacle bases of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[1099,1171,1632,1653]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1099,1171,1632,1653]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="243">Cytaeis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
medusae, BFLA4073. (C) BFLA4069, note green tentacle tips, a colour likely due to interference effects and not pigments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,756,1799,2047]" lastBlockId="7.[831,1437,1799,1984]" pageId="7" pageNumber="243">
|
||
Many cytaeidid medusae have a quite characteristic connection of the tentacles to the bell margin. The proximal ends of the tentacles are widened to an ovoid bulb which adheres along its long axis to the exumbrella just above bell margin, giving the impression of the tentacle being connected to the exumbrella by a flattened end (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[885,968,1863,1888]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[151,186,1603,1625]" captionTargetBox="[180,1413,257,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-113@7.[180,1413,255,1547]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Cytaeis tetrastyla, bell height 2 mm. (A) Lateral view, note medusa buds on upper part of manubrium, BFLA4066. (B) Lateral view with focus on the frontal exumbrella showing the typical flared tentacle bases of Cytaeis medusae, BFLA4073. (C) BFLA4069, note green tentacle tips, a colour likely due to interference effects and not pigments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5639942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5639942/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="243">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[831,1437,1799,1984]" pageId="7" pageNumber="243">
|
||
The hydroid stage of this species is not known.A potential candidate is the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[1016,1096,1928,1951]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cytaeididae" genus="Cytaeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1016,1096,1928,1951]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="243">Cytaeis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hydroid from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1263,1436,1927,1951]" name="Bermuda Island" pageId="7" pageNumber="243">Bermuda Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Calder" box="[974,1126,1959,1984]" firstAuthor="Calder" pageId="7" pageNumber="243" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref66877" refString="Calder D. R. 1988. Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions 148: 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988">Calder (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |