279 lines
30 KiB
XML
279 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="74D43CB191FC963F9B8C33F0F1E9C3F8" ID-CLB-Dataset="160070" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5194.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6aa6dacd-1e74-46ac-a345-2fc691f92608" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154442" ID-ZooBank="96B016A1-5D9B-4013-9F9D-597A6C2FC277" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1665090774762" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Worthy, Robert, González, Jorge M. & Zilli, Alberto" docDate="2022" docId="03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5194.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5194 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Castnia chiriquiensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="324" masterDocId="FFDE1B1AFFE3102214507809FFACF97F" masterDocTitle="A review of the genera Amauta Houlbert, 1918 and Divana J. Y. Miller, 1982 (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) with description of a new genus" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="324" updateTime="1699388669752" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="5761C0E19430DC296FA4708E8BC1F9F3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="175E25B99819AA3BEF18CCE70B4A62B4">
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<mods:title id="C69EA9935C90D972FCB71FDF25CD2C06">A review of the genera Amauta Houlbert, 1918 and Divana J. Y. Miller, 1982 (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) with description of a new genus</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="240BE0D34963C5E021963D74D7E8347E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C83C96DF1F8C667B6755FCCBF54CAC7A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9062A7ADF3367494C1F5CA07F46E9B85">Worthy, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="547DC56EF6902C905D4E31F06B796A85" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0879-6472</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="824BC553E1FC48D7B679298933A13F07">10 The Hill, Church Hill, Caterham, Surrey CR 3 6 SD, U. K. castnia @ btopenworld. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0879 - 6472 Austin Achieve Public Schools, Austin, Texas, (Research Associate, McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity), USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4EBC1F03B65A49B6CCCEA71187DEA1FB" type="email">castnia@btopenworld.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F215B597FCE508DF97BB356CED7D40EC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5B3DAE704906CBE04C42701EB8DA8B6E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A11A01BCBF91F996F8E9D10C2A313CB7">González, Jorge M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="AABB9E9F7E78ECE649F6F7548B8B8283" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E91A2B79A7FFD0B4D182274C1E458BF7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4A8BA3DDFBA1AB0295412E9A3242FE9F">Zilli, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D62DE97D4700148D11A6D22755081BBC">Natural History Museum, Insects Division, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B503EB892CF1A4F4CCB787381153157A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="8201881271F3C14C9C860E60958B19D9">
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<mods:title id="5A180E31B992AB7490012EEB3138B439">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="6D108AF831A87633798FD10818CB3E93">
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<mods:date id="499382AA14305A219229218D560A7963">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FBFDA0DCE81B2C5E0298DBBA1E1FC3D8">2022-10-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="54F573090E340F5B41F747B3382B1847">5194</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="98F67538DE52D7BEA04F215CCC40BFB5" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="A038F1987F2F759D30748F3EC77843BD">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="24D30376D1647079C44E4B8C67F1D15F">301</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="31FFA15402DE5A7D903DB12B7EA6AC5E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="044515358817FC121E24DAF5D6D90F7B" type="CLB-Dataset">160070</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="56A078AE28AE37D9FAC1E511FFDD631B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5194.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B464ABAFDC8631AC2757E7B913A3C087" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AB80258755CAEDE1EA5503302542B9BD" type="Zenodo-Dep">7154442</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7157398" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202149935" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7157398" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E" lastPageNumber="324" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFF4103514C7789EFE42F9CE" box="[151,494,151,178]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFF4103514C7789EFE42F9CE" blockId="23.[151,494,151,213]" box="[151,494,151,178]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<heading id="D0B96518FFF4103514C7789EFE42F9CE" bold="true" box="[151,494,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFF4103514C7789EFE42F9CE" ID-CoL="69F44" authority="(Strand, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Strand" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[151,494,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiriquiensis">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103514C7789EFE42F9CE" bold="true" box="[151,494,151,178]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103514C7789EFE9FF9CD" bold="true" box="[151,307,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">chiriquiensis</emphasis>
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(Strand, 1913)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFF4103514CE78B2FEA4F84F" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFF4103514CE78B2FE91F9AA" blockId="23.[151,494,151,213]" box="[158,317,187,213]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFF4103514F678B2FE99F9AA" box="[166,309,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[361,1236,319,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-89@25.[349,1239,306,1665]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. A–E: Divana diva diva (Butler, 1870): A, ♂ ST, Chontales, Nicaragua, NHMUK014173439, Vial NHMUK010402739 (NHMUK); B, ♂, Rancho Santa Rosa, San Antonio, Chiapas, Mexico, 1/VIII/1987 (coll. RW); C, ♀, Chontales, Nicaragua, T Belt, ex Druce, ex Joicey (NHMUK); D, ♂ HT, chiriquiensis (Strand, 1913), Chiriqui, Panama, der. Strand (MfN); E, ♀, Chiriqui, Panama, ex Joicey (NHMUK). F, G: Divana diva tricolor (Oberthür, 1881): F, ♂ LT, Bogota, [Colombia], Lindig type, LT designation by J.Y. Miller (USNM); G, ♀, Muzo, Colombia, Aug 1924, Apoll Maria, ex Joicey (NHMUK). H, I: Divana diva hoppi (Oberthür, 1881): H, ♂ HT, Buenavista, 700mt, 13 Juli 1921, Columbien, Dr. A. Scultze [sic] S. G (MfN); I, ♀, Chuchuvi, Esmeraldas, W Ecuador, 800m, April 2013 (coll. RW)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154466/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Figs. 11D–E</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFF4103514C778F0FEA4F84F" blockId="23.[151,1437,249,304]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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“
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFF4103514F278F0FF5CF86E" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[162,240,249,273]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Divana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diva">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103514F278F0FF5CF86E" bold="true" box="[162,240,249,273]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">C. diva</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[…] form
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF41035153078F0FE46F86E" bold="true" box="[352,490,249,273]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">chiriquiensis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103515A078F0FDFBF86E" box="[496,599,249,273]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">form. nov.</emphasis>
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” Strand, 1913,
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103516A778F3FCB8F86E" box="[759,788,250,273]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">In:</emphasis>
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Seitz, A. (Ed.),
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103517E978F3FAB3F86E" box="[953,1311,249,273]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde</emphasis>
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6: 13, Pl. 6, row d.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFF4103514C7795EFDB2FD3E" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFF4103514C7795EFD20FA15" blockId="23.[151,1437,343,1378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103514C7795EFEE5F80E" bold="true" box="[151,329,343,369]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Type material:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFF410351502795EFD24FA15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371486" collectionCode="MfN, NHMUK" county="An" location="The" municipality="In" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Chiriqui" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFF410351502795EFE50F80E" author="Strand, E." box="[338,508,343,369]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" pagination="7 - 17" refId="ref30890" refString="Strand, E. (1913 b) Gattung: Castnia F. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. 6 (1). A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 7 - 17, pls. 1 - 8." type="book chapter" year="1913">Strand (1913b)</bibRefCitation>
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wrote “Auffallend ist auch die starke Variabilität in der Grösse; von
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFF41035115C795EFA31F80E" baseAuthorityName="Strand" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1292,1437,343,369]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiriquiensis">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF41035115C795EFA31F80E" box="[1292,1437,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">chiriquiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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liegen mir
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<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF41035155E7975FE94F8E9" box="[270,312,380,406]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
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von
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<quantity id="4CB67F91FFF41035153D7972FE5FF8E9" box="[365,499,379,406]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" unit="mm" value="72.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="55.0">55—90 mm</quantity>
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vor (die Type ist
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<quantity id="4CB67F91FFF4103516E17972FCAEF8EA" box="[689,770,379,406]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
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)” [The variability in size is also remarkable, there are before me
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<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF41035149279A9FF40F8C5" box="[194,236,416,442]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFF4103515447996FE09F8C6" baseAuthorityName="Strand" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[276,421,415,441]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiriquiensis">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103515447996FE09F8C6" box="[276,421,415,441]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">chiriquiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<quantity id="4CB67F91FFF4103515BB7996FDD2F8C5" box="[491,638,415,442]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" unit="mm" value="72.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="55.0">55 to 90 mm</quantity>
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(the type is
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<quantity id="4CB67F91FFF41035175D7996FCC8F8C6" box="[781,868,415,442]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
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)]; this means that the “
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<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFF4103510387996FB63F8C6" box="[1128,1231,415,441]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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” can be narrowed down thanks to its wingspan of
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<quantity id="4CB67F91FFF41035165A79CAFDF1F8A1" box="[522,605,451,478]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
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, which is very unusual for this taxon.
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<collectingCounty id="6290AAF8FFF41035104979CAFB97F8A2" box="[1049,1083,451,477]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">An</collectingCounty>
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original specimen with such a wingspan is in
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<collectionCode id="ED5F4AB1FFF41035151479EEFED6FB7E" box="[324,378,487,513]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jp8y-i5nv" name="Museum für Naturkunde" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="Museum">MfN</collectionCode>
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and we consider it to be the
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<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFF41035169679EEFC80FB7E" box="[710,812,487,513]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B95480EFFF41035176779E1FCE2FB7D" box="[823,846,488,514]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">In</collectingMunicipality>
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<collectionCode id="ED5F4AB1FFF41035170779EEFC21FB7E" box="[855,909,487,513]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jp8y-i5nv" name="Museum für Naturkunde" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="Museum">MfN</collectionCode>
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there are also three other males that appear to be those mentioned in the original description, which should therefore be considered as
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<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFF4103510DB7A05FB56FB59" box="[1163,1274,524,550]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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<location id="8E9184AFFFF4103511567A02FA9EFB5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E:8E9184AFFFF4103511567A02FA9EFB5A" box="[1286,1330,523,549]" county="An" municipality="In" name="The" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" stateProvince="Chiriqui">The</location>
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<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFF41035116A7A02FA30FB5A" box="[1338,1436,523,549]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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originally had a hand-written label reading “
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<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFF41035162F7A26FD73FB36" box="[639,735,559,585]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Chiriqui</collectingRegion>
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Trötsch”, a pink “Type” label and a
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<location id="8E9184AFFFF41035103F7A26FB14FB36" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E:8E9184AFFFF41035103F7A26FB14FB36" box="[1135,1208,559,585]" county="An" municipality="In" name="Strand" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" stateProvince="Chiriqui">Strand</location>
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determination label, this can be seen on an old photograph (
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<location id="8E9184AFFFF4103516077A5AFCA6FB11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E:8E9184AFFFF4103516077A5AFCA6FB11" box="[599,778,595,622]" county="An" municipality="In" name="Gerardo Lamas" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" stateProvince="Chiriqui">Gerardo Lamas</location>
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, pers. comm.), however, it was stolen together with many other types from
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<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFF4103515077A7EFE31FBEE" box="[343,413,631,657]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Berlin</collectingRegion>
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some years ago by an unscrupulous dealer.
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<location id="8E9184AFFFF4103517D87A7EFC70FBEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E:8E9184AFFFF4103517D87A7EFC70FBEE" box="[904,988,631,657]" county="An" municipality="In" name="Several" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" stateProvince="Chiriqui">Several</location>
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years later a collection was given to the museum by the heirs of
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<location id="8E9184AFFFF4103515FB7A95FDB1FBCA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E:8E9184AFFFF4103515FB7A95FDB1FBCA" box="[427,541,667,694]" county="An" municipality="In" name="Ernst Jugl" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" stateProvince="Chiriqui">Ernst Jugl</location>
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which contained many of the stolen specimens, which it is believed he bought from the dealer in question.
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<location id="8E9184AFFFF41035159F7AB6FDC1FBA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E:8E9184AFFFF41035159F7AB6FDC1FBA6" box="[463,621,703,729]" county="An" municipality="In" name="Unfortunately" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" stateProvince="Chiriqui">Unfortunately</location>
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, the original labels had been disposed of to hide their provenance.
|
||
<location id="8E9184AFFFF41035111E7AB6FAD6FBA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E:8E9184AFFFF41035111E7AB6FAD6FBA6" box="[1358,1402,703,729]" county="An" municipality="In" name="The" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" stateProvince="Chiriqui">The</location>
|
||
55 mm-holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFF4103515037AEAFE48FB82" baseAuthorityName="Strand" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[339,484,739,765]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiriquiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103515037AEAFE48FB82" box="[339,484,739,765]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">chiriquiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
now bears a green determination label like all these specimens, and typed labels with “
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFF4103514F17B0EFEA9FA5E" box="[161,261,775,801]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Chiriqui</collectingRegion>
|
||
”, “ex coll Ernst Jugl” and “ex coll Staudinger”. A male was found in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F4AB1FFF41035104A7B01FB28FA5D" box="[1050,1156,776,802]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
with the data “
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFF4103511607B0EFA3EFA5E" box="[1328,1426,775,801]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Chiriqui</collectingRegion>
|
||
” and a
|
||
<location id="8E9184AFFFF41035148D7B22FE8AFA3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFF4103514C7789EFB03FC1E:8E9184AFFFF41035148D7B22FE8AFA3A" box="[221,294,811,837]" county="An" municipality="In" name="Strand" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" stateProvince="Chiriqui">Strand</location>
|
||
determination label, this may be another
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFF4103517527B25FCC9FA39" box="[770,869,812,838]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, which would demonstrate that the original series was scattered, but there is no way to be sure
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFF4103514977B7AFCB8FACD" blockId="23.[151,1437,343,1378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFF4103514977B7AFC56FAF2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371382" box="[199,1018,883,910]" location="Chiriqui" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiriqui" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103514977B7AFEC5FAF2" bold="true" box="[199,361,883,909]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFF4103514977B7AFEAEFAF2" box="[199,258,883,909]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFF4103515217B7AFDB6FAF2" author="Strand, E." box="[369,538,883,909]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" pagination="7 - 17" refId="ref30890" refString="Strand, E. (1913 b) Gattung: Castnia F. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. 6 (1). A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 7 - 17, pls. 1 - 8." type="book chapter" year="1913">Strand (1913b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
calls it a form from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFF4103517517B7AFCCDFAF2" box="[769,865,883,909]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Chiriquí</collectingRegion>
|
||
, so that is the
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFF4103510517B7DFCBCFACD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371385" country="Panama" location="Chiriqui" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiriqui" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFF4103510517B7DFB9DFAF1" box="[1025,1073,884,910]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFF4103510C97B7AFB5AFAF2" box="[1177,1270,883,909]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Chiriquí</collectingRegion>
|
||
is the name of a town, a volcano, and a province in south-west
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFF4103516E47B91FCBCFACD" box="[692,784,920,946]" name="Panama" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFF4103514977BB2FD7EFD62" blockId="23.[151,1437,343,1378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103514977BB2FE33FAAA" bold="true" box="[199,415,955,981]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Taxonomic status:</emphasis>
|
||
Originally described as a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFF4103517097BB2FC25FAAA" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[857,905,955,981]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Divana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103517097BB2FC25FAAA" box="[857,905,955,981]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">diva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and treated as such by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFF4103510D77BB2FAB1FAA9" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[1159,1309,955,982]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" pagination="176 - 177" refId="ref30041" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1995) Castniidae. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Checklist: Part 2. Hyblaeoidea-Pyraloidea-Tortricoidea. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera / Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida, pp. 133 - 137 + 176 - 177." type="book chapter" year="1995">Miller (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFF4103511027BB5FF48FA85" author="Lamas, G." pageId="23" pageNumber="324" pagination="73 - 87" refId="ref29900" refString="Lamas, G. (1995) A critical review of J. Y. Miller's checklist of the Neotropical Castniidae (Lepidoptera). Revista peruana de Entomologia, 37, 73 - 87." type="journal article" year="1995">Lamas (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this nominal taxon is here synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFF4103516AB7BE9FBF6FA86" authority="Butler, 1870" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1870" box="[763,1114,991,1018]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="diva" subSpecies="diva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103516AB7BE9FC68FA86" box="[763,964,991,1018]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Castnia diva diva</emphasis>
|
||
Butler, 1870
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF41035103C7BD6FB79FA86" bold="true" box="[1132,1237,991,1017]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
), so it is a junior subjective synonym of that taxon (now in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFF41035163F7C0DFD6DFD62" authorityName="J. Y. Miller" authorityYear="1982" box="[623,705,1028,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Divana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF41035163F7C0DFD6DFD62" box="[623,705,1028,1053]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Divana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFF4103514977C2EFDB2FD3E" blockId="23.[151,1437,343,1378]" box="[199,542,1063,1090]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103514977C2EFEDEFD3E" bold="true" box="[199,370,1063,1089]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: Not available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFF4103514977C42FDE0FDD2" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFF4103514977C42FDE0FDD2" blockId="23.[151,1437,343,1378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103514977C42FECFFD1A" bold="true" box="[199,355,1099,1125]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
This taxon is found only in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFF4103516E27C42FCD3FD1A" box="[690,895,1099,1125]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Chiriquí province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFF4103517DC7C45FC44FD19" box="[908,1000,1100,1126]" name="Panama" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
. We have seen specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFF41035110C7C42FF66FDF6" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFF41035153C7C79FD83FDF6" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1913" box="[364,559,1135,1162]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="diva" subSpecies="chiriquiensis">
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103515CE7C66FD83FDF6" box="[414,559,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">chiriquiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but as we are unable to detect any differences in any of the Central American populations, this is irrelevant (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFF4103515BC7C9AFD93FDD2" box="[492,575,1171,1197]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[354,1234,1134,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-462@36.[353,1234,1134,1791]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 16. Distribution map of all known collecting localities of Divana diva, ssp. diva (blue circles), ssp. tricolor (red squares) and ssp. hoppi (yellow triangles). The black circle is the type locality of diva, the black star is the type locality of chiriquiensis and the black triangle is the type locality of hoppi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154480/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFF4103514977CBEFCC8FC42" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFF4103514977CBEFCC8FC42" blockId="23.[151,1437,343,1378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103514977CBEFEE3FDAE" bold="true" box="[199,335,1207,1233]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
There is a large series of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF4103516237CBEFD7BFDAE" box="[627,727,1207,1233]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="male">19 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF41035175F7CBEFCD0FDAE" box="[783,892,1207,1233]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFF4103517927CB1FBB7FDAD" box="[962,1051,1208,1234]" name="Panama" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
in NHMUK, along with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF4103511677CBEFA30FDAE" box="[1335,1436,1207,1233]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="male">14 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF4103514977CD2FE9FFD8A" box="[199,307,1243,1269]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="female">8 females</specimenCount>
|
||
from other Central American countries including
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF4103517377CD5FC56FD89" box="[871,1018,1244,1270]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">two syntypes</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFF4103510707CD2FB24FD8A" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1870" box="[1056,1160,1243,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103510707CD2FB24FD8A" box="[1056,1160,1243,1269]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">diva diva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we have also examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF4103514C77CF6FF50FC66" box="[151,252,1279,1305]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="male">31 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF4103515657CF6FE0FFC66" box="[309,419,1279,1305]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="female">8 females</specimenCount>
|
||
from Central America in other collections. We can see no differences between specimens from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFF4103514857D2AFE9EFC42" box="[213,306,1315,1341]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Chiriquí</collectingRegion>
|
||
and those from other Central American countries.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFF4103514977D4EFB03FC1E" box="[199,1199,1351,1378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFF4103514977D4EFB03FC1E" blockId="23.[151,1437,343,1378]" box="[199,1199,1351,1378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFF4103514977D4EFE1FFC1E" bold="true" box="[199,435,1351,1377]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFF4103515EA7D4EFB07FC1E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371475" box="[442,1195,1351,1378]" country="Panama" location="Panama" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" specimenCount="26" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="22">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF4103515EA7D4EFDB2FC1E" box="[442,542,1351,1377]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="male">22 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFF4103516057D4EFD6DFC1E" box="[597,705,1351,1377]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFF4103517557D41FCF2FC1D" box="[773,862,1352,1378]" name="Panama" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
were examined for this study
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |