282 lines
32 KiB
XML
282 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="D01378F8D86698B4104D379454A12EE6" ID-CLB-Dataset="160070" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5194.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6aa6dacd-1e74-46ac-a345-2fc691f92608" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154442" ID-ZooBank="96B016A1-5D9B-4013-9F9D-597A6C2FC277" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1665090774762" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Worthy, Robert, González, Jorge M. & Zilli, Alberto" docDate="2022" docId="03E76362FFC6100414C77EC3FE84FA99" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5194.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5194 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Castnia velutina" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="339" masterDocId="FFDE1B1AFFE3102214507809FFACF97F" masterDocTitle="A review of the genera Amauta Houlbert, 1918 and Divana J. Y. Miller, 1982 (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) with description of a new genus" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="338" updateTime="1699388669752" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="6729D2C135647CC19438B7B30A41A7BF">A review of the genera Amauta Houlbert, 1918 and Divana J. Y. Miller, 1982 (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) with description of a new genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="85593F5DE05A8C0A6399728342552586">Worthy, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="157CA152D5F9A4B8A92AA2D695876A9E" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0879-6472</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="19F272F616B59ACC87F14605AF8B0894">10 The Hill, Church Hill, Caterham, Surrey CR 3 6 SD, U. K. castnia @ btopenworld. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0879 - 6472 Austin Achieve Public Schools, Austin, Texas, (Research Associate, McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity), USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EF80B7C88D2511993C9E864FB75DE4FE" type="email">castnia@btopenworld.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5B066E3506101927490A3C87A05534C3">González, Jorge M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AC40504F8207818E66306E0805D18B36">Zilli, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8F82436E0B44856D81CB78C6FF495D38">Natural History Museum, Insects Division, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="1FF170D2320C2CC19227504938B1BBBF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7DD757C7931842C3D8074FA83C52F570">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E76362FFC6100414C77EC3FE84FA99" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7157341" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202149941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7157341" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFC6100414C77EC3FE84FA99" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E76362FFC6100414C77EC3FE84FA99" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
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<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFC6100714C77EC3FE63FF9B" box="[151,463,1738,1765]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC6100714C77EC3FE63FF9B" blockId="37.[151,463,1738,1801]" box="[151,463,1738,1765]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
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<heading id="D0B96518FFC6100714C77EC3FE63FF9B" bold="true" box="[151,463,1738,1765]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC6100714C77EC3FE63FF9B" ID-CoL="967MD" authority="(Houlbert, 1917)" baseAuthorityName="Houlbert" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[151,463,1738,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC6100714C77EC3FE63FF9B" bold="true" box="[151,463,1738,1765]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC6100714C77EC3FF55FF9A" bold="true" box="[151,249,1738,1765]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">velutina</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFC6100715587EC3FE6BFF9B" author="Houlbert, C." box="[264,455,1738,1764]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" pagination="49 - 87" refId="ref29614" refString="Houlbert, C. (1917) Diagnoses de Castnies nouvelles et rectification de quelques noms indument employes. Etudes de Lepidopterologie comparee, 13, 49 - 87, pls. 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1917">Houlbert, 1917</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFC6100714CE7EE7FBF1FE34" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC6100714CE7EE7FE9EFE76" blockId="37.[151,463,1738,1801]" box="[158,306,1774,1801]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
|
||
(
|
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<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFC6100714F67EE7FE85FE76" box="[166,297,1774,1801]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1425,1449]" captionTargetBox="[395,1195,191,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[380,1208,179,1399]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. A–D: Amauta papilionaris papilionaris (Walker, [1865]): A, ♂ ST, velutina (Houlbert, 1917), D’un envoi fait de Guayaquil, par Erich Feyer à Carl Zacher d’Erfurt, saisi en mer par le vapeur italien “Sienna” et vendu à Toulon par le service des prises le 7-10-1915 en exécution du décret du 18-3-1915, ex Oberthür, NHMUK010474229 (NHMUK); B, ♀ ST, velutina (Houlbert, 1917), D’un envoi fait de Guayaquil, par Erich Feyer à Carl Zacher d’Erfurt, saisi en mer par le vapeur italien “Sienna” et vendu à Toulon par le service des prises le 7-10-1915 en exécution du décret du 18-3-1915, ex Oberthür, NHMUK010474230 (NHMUK); C, ♂, Pozuzu, Huanuco, 800–1000 m (W. Hoffmanns), NHMUK010605257 (PLT of affinis) (NHMUK); D, ♀, Tingo Maria, Huanuco, Peru, October 2009 (coll. RW). E–G: Amauta papilionaris lionela Lamas, 1995: E, ♂ LT, affinis Rothschild, 1919, Songo, Bol[ivia], Garl[epp], NHMUK010605256 (NHMUK); F, ♂ PLT, affinis Rothschild, 1919, Yahuarmayo, S.E. Peru, 1200ft, Febr. Mrch. 1912, (H. & C. Watkins), NHMUK010605254 (NHMUK); G, ♀, PLT, affinis Rothschild, 1919, Yahuarmayo, S.E. Peru, 1200ft, Febr. Mrch. 1912, (H. & C. Watkins), NHMUK010605255 (NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154460/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">Figs. 9A, B</figureCitation>
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||
)
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC6100714C77F3AFBF1FE34" blockId="37.[151,1117,1843,1869]" box="[151,1117,1843,1869]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
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||
“
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||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC6100714F27F3AFEF1FE34" bold="true" box="[162,349,1843,1867]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC6100714F27F3AFEFBFE34" authority="Worthy & González & Zilli, 2022" authorityName="Worthy & González & Zilli" authorityYear="2022" box="[162,343,1843,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina" status="sp. nov.">Castnia Velutina</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209B31DFFC6100715337F3AFE1FFE34" box="[355,435,1843,1867]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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”
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFC6100715927F3AFDF2FE34" author="Houlbert, C." box="[450,606,1843,1867]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" pagination="49 - 87" refId="ref29614" refString="Houlbert, C. (1917) Diagnoses de Castnies nouvelles et rectification de quelques noms indument employes. Etudes de Lepidopterologie comparee, 13, 49 - 87, pls. 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1917">Houlbert, 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC6100716387F3DFC46FE35" box="[616,1002,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">Études de Lépidoptérologie comparée</emphasis>
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||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC6100717A07F3AFBA5FE34" bold="true" box="[1008,1033,1843,1867]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">13</emphasis>
|
||
: 56–57.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFC6100414C77F7DFD97FB00" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC6100714C77F7DFBC5FEA9" blockId="37.[151,1436,1908,2042]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
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||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC6100714C77F7DFEEAFEF1" bold="true" box="[151,326,1908,1934]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFC6100714C77F7DFF7EFEF1" box="[151,210,1908,1934]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">Type</typeStatus>
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||
material:
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFC61007151C7F7DFDACFEF1" author="Houlbert, C." box="[332,512,1908,1934]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" pagination="49 - 87" refId="ref29614" refString="Houlbert, C. (1917) Diagnoses de Castnies nouvelles et rectification de quelques noms indument employes. Etudes de Lepidopterologie comparee, 13, 49 - 87, pls. 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1917">Houlbert (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
does not state the number of
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||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFC6100717137F7DFCDFFEF1" box="[835,883,1908,1934]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">type</typeStatus>
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||
specimens but mentions males, therefore the
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||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFC61007113C7F7DFA30FEF1" box="[1388,1436,1908,1934]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">type</typeStatus>
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||
series must consist of more than
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||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFC6100716507F91FDC4FECD" box="[512,616,1944,1970]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
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||
. He does not mention female characters in the description but neither does he exclude them, so it is possible that the
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||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFC61007163A7FB5FD36FEA9" box="[618,666,1980,2006]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">type</typeStatus>
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||
series also contained at least
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFC6100717B57FB5FBC9FEA9" box="[997,1125,1980,2006]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC6100414977FE9FC1AF987" blockId="37.[151,1436,1908,2042]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1437,151,998]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFC6100414977FE9FC1DF987" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371426" collectingDate="1915-03-18" collectingDateMax="1915-10-07" collectingDateMin="1915-03-18" collectionCode="NHMUK" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
In
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||
<collectionCode id="ED5F4AB1FFC6100714B87FE9FEFDFE85" box="[232,337,2016,2042]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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there are
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||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFC6100715977FE9FD97FE86" box="[455,571,2015,2042]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFC6100716267FE9FD5EFE86" box="[630,754,2015,2042]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
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that have printed labels, presumably provided by
|
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<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFC6100711627FD6FA34FE86" box="[1330,1432,2015,2041]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">Oberthür</collectorName>
|
||
, reading: “D’un envoi fait de Guayaquil, par Erich Feyer à Carl Zacher d’Erfurt, saisi en mer sur le vapeur italien “
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFC5100414F178B3FF5DF9AB" box="[161,241,186,212]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Sienna</collectorName>
|
||
” et vendu à Toulon par le service des prises le
|
||
<date id="FFF0F4B4FFC5100416AB78B3FCC2F9AA" box="[763,878,186,213]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" value="1915-10-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB40D5CFFC5100416AB78B3FCC2F9AA" box="[763,878,186,213]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" value="1915-10-07">7-10-1915</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
en exécution du décret du
|
||
<date id="FFF0F4B4FFC5100410CB78B3FAB9F9AA" box="[1179,1301,186,213]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" value="1915-03-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB40D5CFFC5100410CB78B3FAB9F9AA" box="[1179,1301,186,213]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" value="1915-03-18">18-3-1915</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.”.
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFC51004117F78B3FAC4F9AB" box="[1327,1384,186,212]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">They</collectorName>
|
||
also have
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFC51004148278D6FE84F986" box="[210,296,223,249]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
labels, so they are considered to be syntypic (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFC51004177578D7FC04F987" box="[805,936,222,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1425,1449]" captionTargetBox="[395,1195,191,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[380,1208,179,1399]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. A–D: Amauta papilionaris papilionaris (Walker, [1865]): A, ♂ ST, velutina (Houlbert, 1917), D’un envoi fait de Guayaquil, par Erich Feyer à Carl Zacher d’Erfurt, saisi en mer par le vapeur italien “Sienna” et vendu à Toulon par le service des prises le 7-10-1915 en exécution du décret du 18-3-1915, ex Oberthür, NHMUK010474229 (NHMUK); B, ♀ ST, velutina (Houlbert, 1917), D’un envoi fait de Guayaquil, par Erich Feyer à Carl Zacher d’Erfurt, saisi en mer par le vapeur italien “Sienna” et vendu à Toulon par le service des prises le 7-10-1915 en exécution du décret du 18-3-1915, ex Oberthür, NHMUK010474230 (NHMUK); C, ♂, Pozuzu, Huanuco, 800–1000 m (W. Hoffmanns), NHMUK010605257 (PLT of affinis) (NHMUK); D, ♀, Tingo Maria, Huanuco, Peru, October 2009 (coll. RW). E–G: Amauta papilionaris lionela Lamas, 1995: E, ♂ LT, affinis Rothschild, 1919, Songo, Bol[ivia], Garl[epp], NHMUK010605256 (NHMUK); F, ♂ PLT, affinis Rothschild, 1919, Yahuarmayo, S.E. Peru, 1200ft, Febr. Mrch. 1912, (H. & C. Watkins), NHMUK010605254 (NHMUK); G, ♀, PLT, affinis Rothschild, 1919, Yahuarmayo, S.E. Peru, 1200ft, Febr. Mrch. 1912, (H. & C. Watkins), NHMUK010605255 (NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154460/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Figs. 9A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC510041497790BFDF5F8D6" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,998]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC510041497790BFEC4F864" bold="true" box="[199,360,257,284]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFC510041497790BFEADF863" box="[199,257,258,284]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFC51004153F7908FD8FF863" author="Houlbert, C." box="[367,547,257,284]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" pagination="49 - 87" refId="ref29614" refString="Houlbert, C. (1917) Diagnoses de Castnies nouvelles et rectification de quelques noms indument employes. Etudes de Lepidopterologie comparee, 13, 49 - 87, pls. 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1917">Houlbert (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
states “Cette espèce a été reçu de Guayaquil qui est, comme on le sait, le grand port d’exportation de la République de l’Equateur; mais il est probable qu’elle vient de l’intérieur du pays, c’est-àdire des régions sylvatiques situées à l’est de la chaîne des Andes”. So, as Guayaquil is a large port and unlikely to be the original provenance of the specimens, he surmises that they must come from the interior of the country, that is, wooded regions to the east of the Andes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC51004149779BAFEB8F88E" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,998]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFC51004149779BAFEBCF88E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371329" country="Ecuador" location="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" specimenCount="1">
|
||
As the locality given is clearly not the collecting locality it is not possible to narrow the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFC5100410E679BAFB4AF8B2" box="[1206,1254,435,461]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality beyond “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFC5100414F179DEFEA9F88E" box="[161,261,471,497]" name="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC51004149779F3FD39FB24" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,998]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC51004149779F3FE0DFB6B" bold="true" box="[199,417,506,532]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Taxonomic status:</emphasis>
|
||
Originally described as a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC51004173D79F3FC58FB6B" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[877,1012,506,532]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilionaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC51004173D79F3FC58FB6B" box="[877,1012,506,532]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">papilionaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and treated as such by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFC51004115479F3FA30FB6A" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[1284,1436,506,533]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" pagination="176 - 177" refId="ref30041" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1995) Castniidae. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Checklist: Part 2. Hyblaeoidea-Pyraloidea-Tortricoidea. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera / Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida, pp. 133 - 137 + 176 - 177." type="book chapter" year="1995">Miller (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFC5100414967A17FECEFB46" author="Lamas, G." box="[198,354,542,569]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" pagination="73 - 87" refId="ref29900" refString="Lamas, G. (1995) A critical review of J. Y. Miller's checklist of the Neotropical Castniidae (Lepidoptera). Revista peruana de Entomologia, 37, 73 - 87." type="journal article" year="1995">Lamas (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, it is here sunk to a full synonym (
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC51004168C7A17FCEEFB47" bold="true" box="[732,834,542,568]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
). A junior subjective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100410E87A17FE67FB23" authority="Walker, [1865]" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="papilionaris" subSpecies="papilionaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100410E87A17FEB2FB24" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Castnia papilionaris papilionaris</emphasis>
|
||
Walker, [1865]
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(now in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC51004167E7A4BFD28FB23" authorityName="Houlbert" authorityYear="1918" box="[558,644,578,604]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Amauta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC51004167E7A4BFD28FB23" box="[558,644,578,604]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Amauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC5100414977A6CFD97FB00" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,998]" box="[199,571,612,639]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100414977A6CFEC3FB01" bold="true" box="[199,367,612,639]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: See
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100415FD7A6CFD98FB00" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[429,564,613,639]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilionaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100415FD7A6CFD98FB00" box="[429,564,613,639]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">papilionaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFC5100414977A81FE20FBB9" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC5100414977A81FE20FBB9" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,998]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100414977A81FECDFBDD" bold="true" box="[199,353,648,674]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Throughout
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFC5100415A37A81FDE3FBDD" box="[499,591,648,674]" name="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern and central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFC5100417207A80FC0AFBDC" box="[880,934,649,675]" name="Peru" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, as far south as at least Chanchamayo (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFC51004110E7A81FA30FBDD" box="[1374,1436,648,674]" country="Peru" name="Junin" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Junín</collectingRegion>
|
||
department) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFC51004157C7AA5FED3FBB9" box="[300,383,684,710]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[360,1225,562,1539]" captionTargetId="figure-200@33.[360,1227,558,1539]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 14. Distribution map of all known collecting localities of Amauta papilionaris, sspp. amethystina (blue circles), papilionaris (red squares) and lionela (yellow stars). The black triangle is the type locality of ambatensis, the black star is the type locality of affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154474" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154474/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFC5100414977AD9FE6DFA04" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC5100414977AD9FE6DFA04" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,998]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100414977AD9FEE3FB95" bold="true" box="[199,335,720,746]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
Houlbert does not give any specific features to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100417A27AD9FBE0FB95" authorityName="Worthy & González & Zilli" authorityYear="2022" box="[1010,1100,720,746]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100417A27AD9FBE0FB95" box="[1010,1100,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">velutina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100410C97AD9FA8EFB95" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[1177,1314,720,746]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilionaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100410C97AD9FA8EFB95" box="[1177,1314,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">papilionaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The only example of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100415497AFDFE0EFA71" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[281,418,756,782]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilionaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100415497AFDFE0EFA71" box="[281,418,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">papilionaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
available to Houlbert was
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFC5100416977AFDFC0CFA71" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[711,928,756,782]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" pagination="155 - 207" refId="ref31230" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1877) A monograph of the Lepidopterous genus Castnia and some allied groups. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 2 (1), 155 - 207, pls. 28 - 33." type="journal article" year="1877">Westwood’s (1877)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stylised figure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFC5100410017AFDFB0AFA71" box="[1105,1190,756,782]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1412,1436]" captionTargetBox="[395,1183,279,1378]" captionTargetId="figure-65@17.[393,1193,270,1386]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. Figures A, B: Amauta papilionaris amethystina (Houlbert, 1917): A, ♂, Panama, ex OberthÜr, dissected by J.Y. Miller, NHMUK010474233 (NHMUK); B, ♂, Costa Rica, Provincia de Limón, Limón, Nicholas Zakharoff gift (CAS). Figures C–H: Amauta papilionaris papilionaris (Walker, [1865]): C, ♂ HT (from Westwood, 1887). D, ♂ HT, Bogota, [Colombia], BMNH(E)806993 (NHMUK); E, ♂, Merida, Ven[ezuela], (Briceno), NHMUK010474234 (NHMUK); F, ♀, Via Chorro del Indio, 1200, IV-82, CR, crepuscular last p.m. (coll. CFR); G, ♀, W Columb[ia], Rio Dagua, 600–1000m, W. Hopp S, ex Joicey, NHMUK010474231 (NHMUK); H, ♀ HT, ambatensis (Houlbert, 1917), Ecuador, Hacienda Macháy, Paroisse Baños, Canton Pillaro, Province Ambato, Vallée du Pastaza, (J. Stolzmann), NHMUK010474227 (NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154458/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
|
||
) (see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100410B77AFDFAC2FA71" box="[1255,1390,756,782]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Amauta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amethystina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100410B77AFDFAC2FA71" box="[1255,1390,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">amethystina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100414C77B11FF71FA4D" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,221,792,818]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100414C77B11FF71FA4D" box="[151,221,792,818]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), so any comparisons he made were meaningless. Comparing a large series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100410097B11FB1FFA4D" authorityName="Worthy & González & Zilli" authorityYear="2022" box="[1113,1203,792,818]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100410097B11FB1FFA4D" box="[1113,1203,792,818]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">velutina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the few known specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100415637B34FE75FA29" box="[307,473,828,854]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
p.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100415007B35FE75FA29" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[336,473,828,854]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilionaris">papilionaris</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, it is not possible to see any consistent differences; therefore, we hereby synonymise
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100414C77B69FF5DFA05" authorityName="Worthy & González & Zilli" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,241,864,890]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100414C77B69FF5DFA05" box="[151,241,864,890]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">velutina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFC5100415617B69FE16FA05" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[305,442,864,890]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilionaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100415617B69FE16FA05" box="[305,442,864,890]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">papilionaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFC5100414977B8DFE84FA99" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFC5100414977B8DFE84FA99" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,998]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFC5100414977B8DFE19FAE1" bold="true" box="[199,437,900,926]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFC5100415EF7B8CFE88FA99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371390" country="Ecuador" location="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" specimenCount="148" specimenCount-female="60" specimenCount-male="88">
|
||
For this study, as well as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFC5100417437B8CFCFDFAE0" box="[787,849,901,927]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, we have examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFC51004106E7B8DFB08FAE1" box="[1086,1188,900,926]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="male">31 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFC5100410B07B8DFAF0FAE1" box="[1248,1372,900,926]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="female">26 females</specimenCount>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFC5100414C77BA1FF5AFABD" box="[151,246,936,962]" name="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFC5100415647BA1FE36FABD" box="[308,410,936,962]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="male">32 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFC5100415847BA1FDE3FABD" box="[468,591,936,962]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="female">24 females</specimenCount>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFC5100416C77BA0FD61FABC" box="[663,717,937,963]" name="Peru" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, as well as
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFC5100417037BA1FC14FABD" box="[851,952,936,963]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="male">25 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFC5100417A27BA1FBC2FABD" box="[1010,1134,936,962]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="female">10 females</specimenCount>
|
||
for which we do not have locality data
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |