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<document id="3F362CE2F5FCCABC59FC7FACFAC43874" ID-CLB-Dataset="7484" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.744.1295" ID-GBIF-Dataset="accc158b-4f19-427e-8b8b-6f0cd70e7b6e" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4663771" ID-ZooBank="E5B1C00A-1863-4076-8415-FE55CED1F9BA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1617696120291" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Freitas, Énio &amp; Aguín-Pombo, Dora" docDate="2021" docId="03D77A7DFFCDF71CFE04D950B0DAFB45" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-744_1-37.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 744" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.744.1295" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pentastiridius (Pentastiridius) leporinus VW" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FFEE0205FFD1F702FFC4DD3FB117FFCB" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the Cixiidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha) from the Madeira archipelago" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698935881493" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="6B2563529C526AA6C23C0F7954B7006A">Taxonomy of the Cixiidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha) from the Madeira archipelago</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C727ABFF3C31488FEEB16603E75E69BA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="06761957F6F580DC45EEB446238A22AF">
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<mods:namePart id="7FD76F4267AAF2821AF4EA6680061827">Freitas, Énio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E35796D40E395EC9C9259EF0E5BB2846">University of Madeira, 9000 - 390 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2AC380D9B2EE8632FD71C1C5985F9F09" type="email">enio.freitas@staff.uma.pt</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BC0D07D0B816077B7B6B4598D1FF5B5F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F177B459B9D124107081230B7A734352">Aguín-Pombo, Dora</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DDDBD1EE42B20ACFC058C6866A9FBE76" type="LSID">62471063-562B-407A-8781-8F6AB0635C14</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="43D36EE7C160B89852A83335CBB86802">University of Madeira, 9000 - 390 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. &amp; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Vairão, Portugal.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7257EB0046A65067E0E94587EDF82E2F" type="email">aguin@staff.uma.pt</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="73563C2B75E598A74AB4BCE6FBC71105">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FE7A6509178FCD0742BEF61424167C90">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CA928B6C9ECEE70FD076541C84C91F7D">2021-04-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="33B146EEA53DDFE6E9B22B67B0A08237">744</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D77A7DFFCDF71CFE04D950B0DAFB45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4665619" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180876939" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4665619" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D77A7DFFCDF71CFE04D950B0DAFB45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D77A7DFFCDF71CFE04D950B0DAFB45" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="C36498E0FFCDF71EFE04D950B563FB41" box="[448,1140,1135,1162]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFE04D950B563FB41" blockId="28.[448,1140,1135,1197]" box="[448,1140,1135,1162]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0897C07FFCDF71EFE04D950B563FB41" box="[448,1140,1135,1162]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C7EB0E8FFCDF71EFE04D950B563FB41" ID-CoL="9DHMN" authority="(Linnaeus, 1761)" authorityName="VW" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[448,1140,1135,1162]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Pentastiridius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leporinus" subGenus="Pentastiridius">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFE04D950B2B3FB41" bold="true" box="[448,932,1135,1162]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFE04D950B37FFB41" bold="true" box="[448,616,1135,1162]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pentastiridius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFDBDD950B236FB41" bold="true" box="[633,801,1135,1162]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pentastiridius</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFCF6D950B2B3FB41" bold="true" box="[818,932,1135,1162]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">leporinus</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFB69AFFCDF71EFC77D950B57CFB41" author="Linnaeus C." box="[947,1131,1135,1162]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref19441" refString="Linnaeus C. 1761. Fauna Svecica Sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes. Distributa per classes &amp; ordines, genera &amp; species, cum differentiis specierum, synonymis auctorum, nominibus incolarum, locis natalium, descriptionibus insectorum. Editio altera, auctior. Stockholm. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 46380" type="book" year="1761">Linnaeus, 1761</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36498E0FFCDF71EFD10D9ADB277FB66" box="[724,864,1170,1197]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFD10D9ADB277FB66" blockId="28.[448,1140,1135,1197]" box="[724,864,1170,1197]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<figureCitation id="1345D7EEFFCDF71EFD10D9ADB277FB66" box="[724,864,1170,1197]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[243,1372,589,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-105@29.[190,1399,572,1844]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Pentastiridus leporinus (Linnaeus, 1761). Specimens from Lugar de Baixo lagoon, 30 May 2004, on Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. A. Head, pronotum, and scutellum (dorsal view). B. Left paramere. C. Pygofer (left lateral view). D–E. Aedeagus (left and right lateral view). F–G. Anal tube (dorsal and left lateral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4663807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4663807/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 13A–G</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36498E0FFCDF71EFF79D9EBB439FADA" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFF79D9EBB36BFB25" blockId="28.[189,1326,1236,1298]" box="[189,636,1236,1262]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6EEC45FFCDF71EFF79D9EBB36BFB25" box="[189,636,1236,1262]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADFED7AFFCDF71EFF79D9EBB36FFB25" author="Linnaeus C." box="[189,632,1236,1262]" page="242" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1761">
<taxonomicName id="4C7EB0E8FFCDF71EFF79D9EBB36FFB25" authority="Linnaeus, 1761: 242" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="242" authorityYear="1761" box="[189,632,1236,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Cicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leporina">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFF79D9EBB06BFB25" box="[189,380,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cicada leporina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFB69AFFCDF71EFE40D9EBB36FFB25" author="Linnaeus C." box="[388,632,1236,1262]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref19441" refString="Linnaeus C. 1761. Fauna Svecica Sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes. Distributa per classes &amp; ordines, genera &amp; species, cum differentiis specierum, synonymis auctorum, nominibus incolarum, locis natalium, descriptionibus insectorum. Editio altera, auctior. Stockholm. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 46380" type="book" year="1761">Linnaeus, 1761: 242</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFF79D9C7B439FADA" blockId="28.[189,1326,1236,1298]" box="[189,1326,1271,1298]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6EEC45FFCDF71EFF79D9C7B439FADA" box="[189,1326,1271,1298]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADFED7AFFCDF71EFF79D9C7B39DFADA" author="Walker F." box="[189,650,1271,1298]" page="284" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1851">
<taxonomicName id="4C7EB0E8FFCDF71EFF79D9C7B39DFADA" ID-CoL="VN2B" authority="Walker, 1851: 283 - 284" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="283 - 284" authorityYear="1851" box="[189,650,1271,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Cixius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifrons">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFF79D9C7B066FADA" box="[189,369,1271,1298]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cixius latifrons</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFB69AFFCDF71EFEBCD9C8B39DFADA" author="Walker F." box="[376,650,1271,1298]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref20172" refString="Walker F. 1851. List of the Specimens of Homopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part 2: 261 - 636. Trustees of the British Museum, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9063" type="book" year="1851">Walker, 1851: 283–284</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(for discussion of other synonyms see
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFB69AFFCDF71EFB91D9C8B435FADA" author="Webb M. D. &amp; Ramsay A. J. &amp; Lemaitre V. A." box="[1109,1314,1271,1298]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="57 - 95" refId="ref20221" refString="Webb M. D., Ramsay A. J. &amp; Lemaitre V. A. 2013. Revealing the identity of some early described European Cixiidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) - a case of ' forensic' taxonomy; two new combinations and a name change for Reptalus panzeri in Britain. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae biologicae 98 (2): 57 - 95." type="journal article" year="2013">
Webb
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFB64D9C7B5C4FADA" box="[1184,1235,1271,1297]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36498E0FFCDF71EFF79D807B052F9C5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFF79D807B021FA99" blockId="28.[189,310,1336,1362]" box="[189,310,1336,1362]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0897C07FFCDF71EFF79D807B021FA99" bold="true" box="[189,310,1336,1362]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFF79D807B021FA99" bold="true" box="[189,310,1336,1362]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFF79D857B052F9C5" blockId="28.[188,1399,1383,1550]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">It differs from other European species of the genus in the following characters: (1) the apex of the velum ends in two processes, a ventral tongue-shaped expansion and, exceeding it, a thin, spine-like extension curved downward; (2) on the right, laterobasal to the base of the aedeagus, is a long, thin spine that extends around the theca and almost embraces it; this thorn is slender and the distal third is bent at a right angle.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36498E0FFCDF71EFF79DB0AB32BF90F" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFF79DB0AB0BDF984" blockId="28.[189,426,1589,1615]" box="[189,426,1589,1615]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0897C07FFCDF71EFF79DB0AB0BDF984" bold="true" box="[189,426,1589,1615]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFF79DB0AB0BDF984" bold="true" box="[189,426,1589,1615]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFF79DB5BB32BF90F" blockId="28.[189,1398,1635,1733]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="3B16C136FFCDF71EFF79DB5BB272F96A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068464309" collectedFrom="on Phragmites australis" collectingDate="2004-05-30" collectionCode="UMACI" collectorName="D. Aguin-Pombo" elevation="8" location="Ponta do Sol" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="MADEIRA ISLANDS">
<collectingRegion id="49BA0589FFCDF71EFF79DB5BB0DBF9B5" box="[189,460,1636,1662]" country="Portugal" name="Madeira" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MADEIRA ISLANDS</collectingRegion>
–
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFE36DB5BB38FF9B6" bold="true" box="[498,664,1635,1662]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<location id="8EA19DB0FFCDF71EFE36DB5BB38FF9B6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D77A7DFFCDF71CFE04D950B0DAFB45:8EA19DB0FFCDF71EFE36DB5BB38FF9B6" box="[498,664,1635,1662]" name="Ponta do Sol" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="MADEIRA ISLANDS">Ponta do Sol</location>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="9D7800E2FFCDF71EFD7EDB5BB214F9B5" box="[698,771,1636,1662]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
;
<location id="8EA19DB0FFCDF71EFCD0DB5BB2C4F9B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D77A7DFFCDF71CFE04D950B0DAFB45:8EA19DB0FFCDF71EFCD0DB5BB2C4F9B5" box="[788,979,1636,1662]" name="Lugar de Baixo" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="MADEIRA ISLANDS">Lugar de Baixo</location>
lagoon;
<elevation id="00532C58FFCDF71EFB86DB5BB5AFF9B5" box="[1090,1208,1636,1662]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="8.0">
<quantity id="4C86668EFFCDF71EFB86DB5BB564F9B5" box="[1090,1139,1636,1662]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="FFC0EDABFFCDF71EFB0DDB5BB465F9B5" box="[1225,1394,1636,1662]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2004-05-30">
<collectingDate id="EF841443FFCDF71EFB0DDB5BB465F9B5" box="[1225,1394,1636,1662]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2004-05-30">30 May 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="268BAEBDFFCDF71EFF79DBB7B09FF96A" box="[189,392,1671,1698]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. Aguín-Pombo</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="38628896FFCDF71EFE14DBB7B3E6F96A" box="[464,753,1671,1698]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C7EB0E8FFCDF71EFE3CDBB8B3E6F96A" box="[504,753,1671,1697]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFE3CDBB8B3E6F96A" box="[504,753,1671,1697]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phragmites australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
;
<collectionCode id="ED6F53AEFFCDF71EFCC7DBB8B272F96A" box="[771,869,1671,1697]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">UMACI</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B16C136FFCDF71EFC40DBB8B32FF90F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068464319" collectedFrom="on Phragmites australis" collectingDate="2017-06-15" collectionCode="DAPC" collectorName="de Baixo &amp; D. Aguin-Pombo" elevation="8" location="Lugar de Baixo" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-female="7" specimenCount-male="6" stateProvince="Madeira">
<specimenCount id="9D7800E2FFCDF71EFC40DBB8B2DCF969" box="[900,971,1671,1698]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">6 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7800E2FFCDF71EFC1EDBB7B537F969" box="[986,1056,1672,1698]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">7 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<date id="FFC0EDABFFCDF71EFE84DB95B0CDF90F" box="[320,474,1706,1733]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2017-06-15">
<collectingDate id="EF841443FFCDF71EFE84DB95B0CDF90F" box="[320,474,1706,1733]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2017-06-15">15 Jun. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED6F53AEFFCDF71EFE22DB95B32FF90F" box="[486,568,1706,1732]" collectionName="Darren A. Pollock" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">DAPC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36498E0FFCDF71CFF79DBD4B354FC92" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFF79DBD4B07CF8CE" blockId="28.[189,363,1771,1797]" box="[189,363,1771,1797]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0897C07FFCDF71EFF79DBD4B07CF8CE" bold="true" box="[189,363,1771,1797]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCDF71EFF79DBD4B07CF8CE" bold="true" box="[189,363,1771,1797]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Redescription</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFF79DA24B581F8FE" blockId="28.[189,1174,1818,1845]" box="[189,1174,1818,1845]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BODY MEASUREMENTS (mm). BL: males 6.56–7.25 (n = 8); females 8.67–9.38 (n = 6).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCDF71EFF79DA63B5C2F814" blockId="28.[189,1406,1884,2016]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">COLOURATION. Vertex with a medial rectangular blackish spot; lateral sides of the vertex, pronotum and the areolar and frontal carinal areas, pale yellow; frons, clypeus, gena, and lora black in males, golden brown in females. Mesonotum and femora black in males and lighter in females. Female tegmina milky white, semitransparent; veins and stigmas of pale golden colour, in males they are darker.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCCF71FFF79DC36B060FE8D" blockId="29.[189,1398,265,327]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
HEAD. Vertex almost as long as wide in the posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="1345D7EEFFCCF71FFC5CDC36B510FEE8" box="[920,1031,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[243,1372,589,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-105@29.[190,1399,572,1844]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Pentastiridus leporinus (Linnaeus, 1761). Specimens from Lugar de Baixo lagoon, 30 May 2004, on Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. A. Head, pronotum, and scutellum (dorsal view). B. Left paramere. C. Pygofer (left lateral view). D–E. Aedeagus (left and right lateral view). F–G. Anal tube (dorsal and left lateral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4663807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4663807/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
). Epistomal suture pronounced in a wave form.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCCF71CFF79DC51B2EDFCDB" blockId="29.[188,1399,366,498]" lastBlockId="30.[188,1401,265,784]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
THORAX. Mesonotum with five distinctly ridged carinae; the costal carinae are slightly divergent and reach almost the posterior margin of the mesonotum, being shorter than the medial and intercostal carinae; these two end up subapically at the caudal margin of the mesonotum; the intercostal carinae are shaped as a pair of parentheses and at the base are shorter than the medial and costal carinae (
<figureCitation id="1345D7EEFFCCF71FFB38DCE8B47EFE3A" box="[1276,1385,471,497]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[243,1372,589,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-105@29.[190,1399,572,1844]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Pentastiridus leporinus (Linnaeus, 1761). Specimens from Lugar de Baixo lagoon, 30 May 2004, on Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. A. Head, pronotum, and scutellum (dorsal view). B. Left paramere. C. Pygofer (left lateral view). D–E. Aedeagus (left and right lateral view). F–G. Anal tube (dorsal and left lateral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4663807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4663807/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
). MALE GENITALIA (see also
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFB69AFFCFF71CFE34DC36B3E2FEE8" author="Holzinger W. E. &amp; Kammerlander I. &amp; Nickel H." box="[496,757,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref19084" refString="Holzinger W. E., Kammerlander I. &amp; Nickel H. 2003. The Auchenorrhyncha of Central Europe. Die Zikaden Mitteleuropas. Fulgoromorpha, Cicadomorpha excl. Cicadellidae. Brill, Netherlands." type="book" year="2003">
Holzinger
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCFF71CFDB5DC35B3B9FEE8" box="[625,686,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
). Pygofer lobes concave distally (
<figureCitation id="1345D7EEFFCFF71CFB4FDC36B5EFFEE8" box="[1163,1272,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[243,1372,589,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-105@29.[190,1399,572,1844]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Pentastiridus leporinus (Linnaeus, 1761). Specimens from Lugar de Baixo lagoon, 30 May 2004, on Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. A. Head, pronotum, and scutellum (dorsal view). B. Left paramere. C. Pygofer (left lateral view). D–E. Aedeagus (left and right lateral view). F–G. Anal tube (dorsal and left lateral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4663807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4663807/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
). The anal tube is oblong dorsally and distally blunt; at the base it is 2 times shorter than caudallly (
<figureCitation id="1345D7EEFFCFF71CFB3BDC13B47DFE8D" box="[1279,1386,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[243,1372,589,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-105@29.[190,1399,572,1844]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Pentastiridus leporinus (Linnaeus, 1761). Specimens from Lugar de Baixo lagoon, 30 May 2004, on Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. A. Head, pronotum, and scutellum (dorsal view). B. Left paramere. C. Pygofer (left lateral view). D–E. Aedeagus (left and right lateral view). F–G. Anal tube (dorsal and left lateral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4663807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4663807/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 13F</figureCitation>
); lateroventral margins widely concave (
<figureCitation id="1345D7EEFFCFF71CFD54DC70B216FEA1" box="[656,769,335,362]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[243,1372,589,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-105@29.[190,1399,572,1844]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Pentastiridus leporinus (Linnaeus, 1761). Specimens from Lugar de Baixo lagoon, 30 May 2004, on Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. A. Head, pronotum, and scutellum (dorsal view). B. Left paramere. C. Pygofer (left lateral view). D–E. Aedeagus (left and right lateral view). F–G. Anal tube (dorsal and left lateral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4663807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4663807/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 13G</figureCitation>
). Parameres 2.5 times as long as wide in the widest part; caudally there is a large rounded subtriangular area that narrows basally towards the outer margin; inner lateral margin slightly concave and outer margin straight (
<figureCitation id="1345D7EEFFCFF71CFC05DCA9B527FE7B" box="[961,1072,406,432]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[243,1372,589,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-105@29.[190,1399,572,1844]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Pentastiridus leporinus (Linnaeus, 1761). Specimens from Lugar de Baixo lagoon, 30 May 2004, on Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. A. Head, pronotum, and scutellum (dorsal view). B. Left paramere. C. Pygofer (left lateral view). D–E. Aedeagus (left and right lateral view). F–G. Anal tube (dorsal and left lateral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4663807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4663807/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
). The aedeagus base forms dorsolaterally an almost flat pentagonal plate; from the middle to the distal end of the plate rises dorsolaterally a caudally directed process. Velum is arch-shaped and narrows towards the apex; distally and dorsoventrally, the apex ends in a tongue-shaped process, and dorsally, exceeding this, there is a thin spine that curves down. On the right, laterobasal at the base of the aedeagus, there is a long and thin spine that extends parallel almost embracing it distally; this thorn narrows towards the apex and the distal third bends upward in the form of a sickle (
<figureCitation id="1345D7EEFFCFF71CFD3FDF56B273FD48" box="[763,868,617,643]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[243,1372,589,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-105@29.[190,1399,572,1844]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Pentastiridus leporinus (Linnaeus, 1761). Specimens from Lugar de Baixo lagoon, 30 May 2004, on Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. A. Head, pronotum, and scutellum (dorsal view). B. Left paramere. C. Pygofer (left lateral view). D–E. Aedeagus (left and right lateral view). F–G. Anal tube (dorsal and left lateral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4663807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4663807/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 13E</figureCitation>
). Dorsally, at the base of the velum, there is a small spine-like process and from here three movable spines are raised, one long and thick and two small and thin; the longest extends parallel to the dorsal margin of the flagellum and reaches approximately half of its length; the shortest spine is almost parallel to the base of the flagellum and bends slightly medially downwards; the last spine is oblique to the velum (
<figureCitation id="1345D7EEFFCFF71CFCBBDFC9B2FBFCDB" box="[895,1004,758,784]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[243,1372,589,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-105@29.[190,1399,572,1844]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Pentastiridus leporinus (Linnaeus, 1761). Specimens from Lugar de Baixo lagoon, 30 May 2004, on Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. A. Head, pronotum, and scutellum (dorsal view). B. Left paramere. C. Pygofer (left lateral view). D–E. Aedeagus (left and right lateral view). F–G. Anal tube (dorsal and left lateral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4663807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4663807/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF019BE3FFCCF71FFF79DA65B306F814" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4663807" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4663807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4663807/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[189,232,1882,1908]" targetBox="[243,1372,589,1815]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCCF71FFF79DA65B306F814" blockId="29.[189,1399,1882,2015]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCCF71FFF79DA65B00BF8BF" bold="true" box="[189,284,1882,1908]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7EB0E8FFCCF71FFEE2DA64B202F8BE" authority="(Linnaeus, 1761)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[294,789,1882,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Pentastiridus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leporinus">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCCF71FFEE2DA64B32BF8BE" box="[294,572,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Pentastiridus leporinus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFB69AFFCCF71FFD8BDA64B21BF8BE" author="Linnaeus C." box="[591,780,1882,1909]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref19441" refString="Linnaeus C. 1761. Fauna Svecica Sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes. Distributa per classes &amp; ordines, genera &amp; species, cum differentiis specierum, synonymis auctorum, nominibus incolarum, locis natalium, descriptionibus insectorum. Editio altera, auctior. Stockholm. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 46380" type="book" year="1761">Linnaeus, 1761</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Specimens from Lugar de Baixo lagoon, 30 May 2004, on
<taxonomicName id="4C7EB0E8FFCCF71FFEEFDA41B3EFF853" authority="Trin. ex Steud. A." authorityName="Steud. A." box="[299,760,1918,1944]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCCF71FFEEFDA41B336F853" box="[299,545,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phragmites australis</emphasis>
Trin. ex Steud.
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCCF71FFD18DA41B3E6F853" bold="true" box="[732,753,1918,1944]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicName>
Head, pronotum, and scutellum (dorsal view).
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCCF71FFAE7DA41B421F853" bold="true" box="[1315,1334,1918,1944]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">B</emphasis>
. Left paramere.
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCCF71FFEFEDA9EB058F870" bold="true" box="[314,335,1953,1979]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
. Pygofer (left lateral view).
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCCF71FFD63DA9EB3CAF870" bold="true" box="[679,733,1953,1979]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">D–E</emphasis>
. Aedeagus (left and right lateral view).
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCCF71FFB79DA9EB5E4F870" bold="true" box="[1213,1267,1953,1979]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">F–G</emphasis>
. Anal tube (dorsal and left lateral view).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCFF71CFF79DE00B354FC92" blockId="30.[189,579,831,857]" box="[189,579,831,857]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FEMALE GENITALIA. Not described.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36498E0FFCFF71CFF79DEB8B443FC3F" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCFF71CFF79DEB8B0F9FC6A" blockId="30.[189,494,903,930]" box="[189,494,903,930]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="D0897C07FFCFF71CFF79DEB8B0F9FC6A" bold="true" box="[189,494,903,930]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCFF71CFF79DEB8B0F9FC6A" bold="true" box="[189,494,903,930]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCFF71CFF79DE89B443FC3F" blockId="30.[189,1398,950,1012]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
The Palearctic region, except in the northern parts. In
<collectingRegion id="49BA0589FFCFF71CFC92DE89B2ACFC1B" box="[854,955,950,976]" country="Portugal" name="Madeira" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Madeira</collectingRegion>
, this species is found in
<taxonomicName id="4C7EB0E8FFCFF71CFB2BDE89B0CFFC38" authority="Trin. ex Steud." authorityName="Steud." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCFF71CFB2BDE89B033FC38" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Phragmites australis</emphasis>
Trin. ex Steud.
</taxonomicName>
in the only tide lagoon of the island, which is located on the southern coast.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36498E0FFCFF71CFF79D91CB0DAFB45" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCFF71CFF79D91CB038FBF6" blockId="30.[189,303,1059,1085]" box="[189,303,1059,1085]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="D0897C07FFCFF71CFF79D91CB038FBF6" bold="true" box="[189,303,1059,1085]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B90A1779FFCFF71CFF79D91CB038FBF6" bold="true" box="[189,303,1059,1085]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1CB6BFFCFF71CFF79D96EB0DAFB45" blockId="30.[189,1399,1105,1167]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
The curvature of the long lateroventral spine of the aedeagus is variable at its distal end as is shown in
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFB69AFFCFF71CFF7AD94AB07FFB45" author="Wagner W." box="[190,360,1140,1167]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="281 - 284" refId="ref20145" refString="Wagner W. 1970. Oliarus beieri, eine neue Cixiidae aus den Alpen. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 74: 281 - 284." type="journal article" year="1970">Wagner (1970</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 3c).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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