674 lines
75 KiB
XML
674 lines
75 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A42D26715E9F2351CA46B1F4684A882A">A revision of the comatulid genus Stephanometra AH Clark with a rediagnosis of the genus Lamprometra AH Clark (Echinodermata: Crinoidea)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFED7717FF6CF9B4B9D51B34" ID-CoL="8GK39" authority="Hartlaub, 1890" authorityName="Hartlaub" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,688,1596,1622]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
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<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFED7717FF6CF9B4BABC1B34" bold="true" box="[151,473,1596,1622]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Stephanometra tenuipinna</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FE13F9B4B9CD1B34" author="Hartlaub" box="[488,680,1596,1622]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Hartlaub, C. 1890. Beitrag zur Kenntniss der comatuliden-fauna des Indischen Archipels. Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen, 5, 168 - 187." type="journal article" year="1890">Hartlaub, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BC23618FFED7717FF6CF90FB8941BFC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1671,1982]" box="[151,1009,1671,1694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFED7717FF6CF90FB9241BFC" authority="Hartlaub, 1890:178" authorityName="Hartlaub" authorityPageNumber="178" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,577,1671,1694]" class="Crinoidea" family="Antedonidae" genus="Antedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
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<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFED7717FF6CF90FBA0D1BFC" box="[151,360,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Antedon tenuipinna</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FE94F90FB9241BFC" author="Hartlaub" box="[367,577,1671,1694]" page="178" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1890">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FE94F90FB9711BFC" author="Hartlaub" box="[367,532,1671,1694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Hartlaub, C. 1890. Beitrag zur Kenntniss der comatuliden-fauna des Indischen Archipels. Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen, 5, 168 - 187." type="journal article" year="1890">Hartlaub, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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:178
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; 1891:54, 58, 113, pl. 3, figs. 28, 30, 34.
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<paragraph id="8BC23618FFED7717FF6CF92FB9EB1BDC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1671,1982]" box="[151,654,1703,1726]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6D1136FFED7717FF6CF92FB9EB1BDC" box="[151,654,1703,1726]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFED7717FF6CF92FBAFB1BDC" box="[151,414,1703,1726]" class="Crinoidea" family="Himerometridae" genus="Himerometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
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<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFED7717FF6CF92FBAFB1BDC" box="[151,414,1703,1726]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Himerometra tenuipinna</emphasis>
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: AH
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FE22F92FB9EF1BDC" author="Clark" box="[473,650,1703,1726]" page="356" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1907">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FE22F92FB93E1BDC" author="Clark" box="[473,603,1703,1726]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" refString="Clark, A. H. 1907. New genera of Recent free crinoids. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection, 50, 343 - 364." type="journal article" year="1907">Clark, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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:356
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3676593FFED7717FF6CF94FBF751B9C" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC23618FFED7717FF6CF94FB9141BBC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1671,1982]" box="[151,625,1735,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6D1136FFED7717FF6CF94FB9141BBC" box="[151,625,1735,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFED7717FF6CF94FBA181BBC" box="[151,381,1735,1758]" class="Crinoidea" family="Himerometridae" genus="Himerometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinus">
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<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFED7717FF6CF94FBA181BBC" box="[151,381,1735,1758]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Himerometra echinus</emphasis>
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AH
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FE4AF94FB9081BBC" author="Clark" box="[433,621,1735,1758]" page="218" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1908">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FE4AF94FB95B1BBC" author="Clark" box="[433,574,1735,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" refString="Clark, A. H. 1908 a. Preliminary notice of a collection of Recent crinoids from the Philippine Islands. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection, 52, 199 - 234." type="journal article" year="1908" yearSuffix="a">Clark, 1908a</bibRefCitation>
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:218
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC23618FFED7717FF6CF96FBF751B9C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1671,1982]" box="[151,1040,1767,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6D1136FFED7717FF6CF96FBF751B9C" box="[151,1040,1767,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFED7717FF6CF96FBAF81B9C" ID-CoL="8GK2X" box="[151,413,1767,1790]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="coronata">
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<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFED7717FF6CF96FBAF81B9C" box="[151,413,1767,1790]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Stephanometra coronata</emphasis>
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AH
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FE2AF96FB9EB1B9C" author="Clark" box="[465,654,1767,1790]" page="639" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1909">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FE2AF96FB9051B9C" author="Clark" box="[465,608,1767,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" refString="Clark, A. H. 1909 b. Descriptions of seventeen new species of crinoids. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 36, 633 - 651." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Clark, 1909b</bibRefCitation>
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:639
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1912b:133, figs. 13 a, b; 1941:412.
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<subSubSection id="C3676593FFED7716FF6CF88FB9A718C1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC23618FFED7717FF6CF88FBFA31A3C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1671,1982]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6D1136FFED7717FF6CF88FBFA31A3C" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFED7717FF6CF88FBAF51A7C" ID-CoL="8GK2Y" box="[151,400,1799,1822]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinus">
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<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFED7717FF6CF88FBAF51A7C" box="[151,400,1799,1822]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Stephanometra echinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: AH
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FE34F88FB91A1A7C" author="Clark" box="[463,639,1799,1822]" page="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1909">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FE34F88FB9051A7C" author="Clark" box="[463,608,1799,1822]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" refString="Clark, A. H. 1909 a. A revision of the crinoid families Thalassometridae and Himerometridae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 22, 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="a">Clark, 1909a</bibRefCitation>
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:10
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1921a, pl. 15, fig. 52; 1941: 409–413, pl. 45, figs. 205–207, pl. 46, figs. 210, 211, pl. 47, figs. 212–216—
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FDBAF8AFB9871A5C" author="Gislen" box="[577,738,1831,1854]" page="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1936">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FDBAF8AFB9B51A5C" author="Gislen" box="[577,720,1831,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Gislen, T. 1936. Crinoids of French Indo-China and the Macclesfield Bank. Kungliga Fysiografiska Sallskapets, Handlingar, 58 (11), 1 - 120; pls. 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1936">Gislén, 1936</bibRefCitation>
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:4
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 5, 11, figs. 2, 2a.—AM
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FBFCF8AFBE741A5C" author="Clark" box="[1031,1297,1831,1854]" page="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1971">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FBFCF8AFBF971A5C" author="Clark" box="[1031,1266,1831,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Clark, A. M. & Rowe, F. W. E. 1971. Monograph of shallow-water Indo-west Pacific Echinoderms. British Museum, London. 238 pp., 30 pls." type="book" year="1971">Clark & Rowe, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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:24
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</treatmentCitation>
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.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FACAF8AFBAEF1A3C" author="Meyer" page="85" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1980">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FACAF8AFBA091A3C" author="Meyer" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Meyer, D. L. & Macurda, D. B. 1980. Ecology and distribution of the shallow-water crinoids of Palau and Guam. Micronesica, 16 (1), 59 - 99." type="journal article" year="1980">Meyer & Macurda, 1980</bibRefCitation>
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:85
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
–86, figs. 5e, 7b.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FDADF8CFB99B1A3C" author="Stevens" box="[598,766,1863,1886]" page="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1989">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FDADF8CFB9881A3C" author="Stevens" box="[598,749,1863,1886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Stevens, T. F. 1989. Species composition and distribution of the comatulid crinoids of Heron Island and Wistari Reefs. M. S. Thesis. Univ. Queensland, xi + 147 pp., 26 figs, 8 maps, 8 pls. Appendix." type="book" year="1989">Stevens, 1989</bibRefCitation>
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:4
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</treatmentCitation>
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–28.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FCB3F8CFBF7F1A3C" author="Messing" box="[840,1050,1863,1886]" page="239" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FCB3F8CFB88E1A3C" author="Messing" box="[840,1003,1863,1886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Messing, C. G. 1994. Comatulid crinoids of Madang and Papua New Guinea and environs: Diversity and ecology. In: David, B., Guille, A., Feral, J. - P. & Roux, M. (Eds), Echinoderms Through Time. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 237 - 243." type="book chapter" year="1994">Messing, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
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:239
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; 1998:189, 191.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC23618FFED7717FF6CF8EFB9941AFC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1671,1982]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6D1136FFED7717FF6CF8EFB9941AFC" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFED7717FF6CF8EFBAD11A1C" ID-CoL="8GK39" box="[151,436,1895,1918]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
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<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFED7717FF6CF8EFBAD11A1C" box="[151,436,1895,1918]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Stephanometra tenuipinna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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: AH
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FE0CF8EFB9CC1A1C" author="Clark" box="[503,681,1895,1918]" page="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1909">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FE0CF8EFB9EE1A1C" author="Clark" box="[503,651,1895,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" refString="Clark, A. H. 1909 a. A revision of the crinoid families Thalassometridae and Himerometridae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 22, 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="a">Clark, 1909a</bibRefCitation>
|
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:10
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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; 1941:413–415, pl. 45, figs. 208, 209.—HL
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FB5BF8EFBE281A1C" author="Clark" box="[1184,1357,1895,1918]" page="93" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1915">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FB5BF8EFBE4B1A1C" author="Clark" box="[1184,1326,1895,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Clark, H. L. 1915 a. The echinoderms of Ceylon (other than holothurians). Spolia Zeylanica, 10 (37), 83 - 102." type="journal article" year="1915" yearSuffix="a">Clark, 1915a</bibRefCitation>
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:93
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.—AM
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FF3CF80FBAA11AFC" author="Clark" box="[199,452,1927,1950]" page="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1971">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FF3CF80FBAC01AFC" author="Clark" box="[199,421,1927,1950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Clark, A. M. & Rowe, F. W. E. 1971. Monograph of shallow-water Indo-west Pacific Echinoderms. British Museum, London. 238 pp., 30 pls." type="book" year="1971">Clark & Rowe, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:24
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FE1EF80FB9D21AFC" author="Messing" box="[485,695,1927,1950]" page="189" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FE1EF80FB9EC1AFC" author="Messing" box="[485,649,1927,1950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Messing, C. G. 1998. An initial re-assessment of the distribution and diversity of the East Indian shallow-water crinoid fauna. In: Mooi, R. & Telford, M. (Eds), Echinoderms: San Francisco. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 187 - 192." type="book chapter" year="1998">Messing, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:189
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 191.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFED7717FF6CF82FB9091ADC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1671,1982]" box="[151,620,1959,1982]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6D1136FFED7717FF6CF82FB9091ADC" box="[151,620,1959,1982]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFED7717FF6CF82FB90D1ADC" authority="Gislen, 1934:20" authorityName="Gislen" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,616,1959,1982]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFED7717FF6CF82FBAC81ADC" box="[151,429,1959,1982]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Stephanometra tenuispina</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADC1009FFED7717FE40F82FB90D1ADC" author="Gislen" box="[443,616,1959,1982]" page="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1934">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFED7717FE40F82FB92D1ADC" author="Gislen" box="[443,584,1959,1982]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Gislen, T. 1934. A reconstruction problem. Analysis of fossil crinoids from N. America with a survey of all known types of comatulid arm ramifications. Kungliga Fysiografiska Sallskapets, Handlingar, N. F., 45 (11), 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1934">Gislén, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:20
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFEC7716FF6CFACDB9A718C1" blockId="5.[151,1436,1349,1444]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEC7716FF6CFACDBA7F183F" bold="true" box="[151,282,1349,1373]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
a–d.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEC7716FEAEFACDB925183E" ID-CoL="8GK2Z" box="[341,576,1349,1372]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEC7716FEAEFACDB925183E" box="[341,576,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Stephanometra indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. a–c. Pinnulars typical of enlarged oral pinnules showing flat articular facets. d. Conical terminal pinnular. e–f.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEC7716FE1CFAE0B9B2181D" ID-CoL="8GBN8" box="[487,727,1384,1407]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Lamprometra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="palmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEC7716FE1CFAE0B9B2181D" box="[487,727,1384,1407]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lamprometra palmata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, P2 pinnulars showing typically developed articular facets at ossicle ends. Scale bars: (a–b, c) 500 μm; (d–f) 100 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3676593FFEC7715FF6CFA5BB9551CC0" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFEC7716FF6CFA5BB8841B07" blockId="5.[151,1436,1491,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C688BAFFEC7716FF6CFA5BBA66188E" box="[151,259,1491,1516]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEC7716FF6CFA5BBA66188E" box="[151,259,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEC7716FEE9FA5BB9D0188F" authority="Hartlaub, 1890" authorityName="Hartlaub" authorityYear="1890" box="[274,693,1491,1517]" class="Crinoidea" family="Antedonidae" genus="Antedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEC7716FEE9FA5BBA9C188E" box="[274,505,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Antedon tenuipinna</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFEC7716FDF9FA5BB9D0188F" author="Hartlaub" box="[514,693,1491,1517]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" refString="Hartlaub, C. 1890. Beitrag zur Kenntniss der comatuliden-fauna des Indischen Archipels. Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen, 5, 168 - 187." type="journal article" year="1890">Hartlaub, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, cat. no. 5374, Matupi (Harbor), East New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEC7716FD62FA73B9881B77" box="[665,749,1531,1557]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Britain</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEC7716FD07FA73B8821B77" box="[764,999,1531,1557]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEC7716FC0EFA73BF681B77" box="[1013,1037,1531,1557]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Finsch, coll., (AH
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFEC7716FB05FA73BEEA1B77" author="Clark" box="[1278,1423,1531,1557]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" refString="Clark, A. H. 1941. A monograph of the existing crinoids. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, (82) 1 (4 a), vii + 603, 61 pls." type="journal article" year="1941">Clark, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C688BAFFEC7716FF6CF9ABBA611B5F" box="[151,260,1571,1597]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEC7716FEC9F9ABB9511B5E" box="[306,564,1571,1596]" class="Crinoidea" family="Himerometridae" genus="Himerometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEC7716FEC9F9ABB9511B5E" box="[306,564,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Himerometra echinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
AH
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFEC7716FD8FF9ABB8741B5F" author="Clark" box="[628,785,1571,1597]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" refString="Clark, A. H. 1908 a. Preliminary notice of a collection of Recent crinoids from the Philippine Islands. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection, 52, 199 - 234." type="journal article" year="1908" yearSuffix="a">Clark, 1908a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FCDAF9ABB8131B5F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[801,886,1571,1597]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
25442,
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEC7716FC26F9ABBF291B5E" box="[989,1100,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Albatross</emphasis>
|
||
5147, W of Lugus I., Sulu Archipelago,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEC7716FECDF9C3BAD81B07" box="[310,445,1611,1637]" name="Philippines" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FE33F9C3B92C1B07" box="[456,585,1611,1637]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" value="5.6944447">5º41’40”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FDADF9C3B9951B07" box="[598,752,1611,1637]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" value="120.78611">120º47’10”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEC7716FD07F9C3B85E1B07" box="[764,827,1611,1637]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="38.0">38 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEC7716FCBCF9C3B8B81B07" box="[839,989,1611,1637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1908-02-16">16 Feb 1908</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFEC7715FF3DF9FBB9551CC0" blockId="5.[151,1436,1491,2037]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,1910]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEC7716FF3DF9FBBACE1BEE" box="[198,427,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEC7716FE3BF9FBB9B31BEF" box="[448,726,1651,1677]" name="Maldives" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">MALDIVE ISLANDS</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FD1CF9FBB82E1BEF" box="[743,843,1651,1677]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">NSUOC</collectionCode>
|
||
628, 631, 632,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FBE7F9FBBFE61BEF" box="[1052,1155,1651,1677]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FLMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
6859, 6865 (5 spec.), Nilandu Atoll, E of Madali I., Jewellers' Is., 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FD50F913B8451BD7" box="[683,800,1690,1717]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" value="2.8683336">2°52’6”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FCD7F913B8CE1BD7" box="[812,939,1690,1717]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" value="72.835556">72°50’8”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEC7716FC4CF913BF4D1BD7" box="[951,1064,1691,1717]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="8.25" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–12 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEC7716FBCFF913BFA61BD7" box="[1076,1219,1691,1717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1999-01-21">21 Jan 1999</date>
|
||
, DL Rankin, coll.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FF6CF94BBB871BBF" box="[151,226,1731,1757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">CRRF</collectionCode>
|
||
51 (1), S
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEC7716FE96F94BBACC1BBF" box="[365,425,1731,1757]" name="Malta" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
Atoll Lagoon Reef,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEC7716FD49F94BB9931BBF" box="[690,758,1731,1757]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEC7716FCFCF94BB8CD1BBF" box="[775,936,1731,1757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1997-09-29">29 Sep 1997</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEC7716FC42F94BBF0F1BBF" box="[953,1130,1731,1757]" name="Philippines" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FB80F94BBFB51BBF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1147,1232,1731,1757]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1094104, NHM 2001.6664 (2), Jesse Beasley Reef, Sulu Sea, 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FD2AF963B8401A67" box="[721,805,1770,1797]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="9.016666">9°01'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FCCFF963B8C71A67" box="[820,930,1770,1797]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="119.8">119°48'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEC7716FC4BF963BF651A67" box="[944,1024,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="6.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="3.0">3–9 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEC7716FBF5F963BFCF1A67" box="[1038,1194,1771,1797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1995-04-19">19 Apr 1995</date>
|
||
, CG Messing, coll.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FF6CF89BBB9F1A4F" box="[151,250,1811,1837]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">NSUOC</collectionCode>
|
||
310, 312 (2), S end Green I., Palawan,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FD29F89BB8571A4F" box="[722,818,1810,1837]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="10.25">10°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FCCCF89BB8CD1A4F" box="[823,936,1810,1837]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="119.5">119°30'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEC7716FC4EF89BBF281A4F" box="[949,1101,1811,1837]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1995-04-23">23 Apr 1995</date>
|
||
, CG Messing & C Arneson, colls.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FF1DF8B3BA281A37" box="[230,333,1851,1877]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FLMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
6864 (1), W end S Tubbataha Reef, 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FCE8F8B3B8031A37" box="[787,870,1850,1877]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="9.816667">9°49'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FC8FF8B3B8871A37" box="[884,994,1850,1877]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="119.86667">119°52'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEC7716FC14F8B3BF4E1A37" box="[1007,1067,1851,1877]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="21.0">21 m</quantity>
|
||
max.,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEC7716FB86F8B3BE731A37" box="[1149,1302,1851,1877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1995-04-21">21 Apr 1995</date>
|
||
, CG Messing, coll.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FEEAF8EBBA031A1F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[273,358,1891,1917]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
35256 (1),
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEC7716FE08F8EBB9071A1E" box="[499,610,1891,1916]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Albatross</emphasis>
|
||
5174, Candea Point, Jolo I., 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FC2CF8EBBF301A1F" box="[983,1109,1890,1917]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" value="6.0625">6°03'45"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FB99F8EBBF9F1A1F" box="[1122,1274,1890,1917]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" value="120.95">120°57'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEC7716FAF3F8EBBEF21A1F" box="[1288,1431,1891,1917]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1908-03-05">5 Mar 1908</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FF6CF803BA0D1AC7" box="[151,360,1931,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">CHUUK ATOLL</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FE88F803BAAD1AC7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[371,456,1931,1957]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1094091 (1), N side NE Pass., S of Quoi I., 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FC13F803BF031AC7" box="[1000,1126,1930,1957]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" value="7.527222">7°31'38"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FB89F803BE6F1AC7" box="[1138,1290,1930,1957]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" value="151.96805">151°58'05"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEC7716FAECF803BE111AC7" box="[1303,1396,1931,1957]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="9.0">9–19 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEC7716FA7BF803BA611AAF" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1993-06-11">11 Jun 1993</date>
|
||
, P Colin, coll. MALAYSIAN BORNEO:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FD09F83BB8301AAF" box="[754,853,1971,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">NSUOC</collectionCode>
|
||
256 (1), Sipadan I., 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FBADF83BBFCE1AAF" box="[1110,1195,1970,1997]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="4.116667">4°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FB4CF83BBE4D1AAF" box="[1207,1320,1970,1997]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="118.63333">118°38'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEC7716FACFF83BBE141AAF" box="[1332,1393,1971,1997]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="11.0">11 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEC7716FA85F83BBA6C1A97" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1997-04-23">23 Apr 1997</date>
|
||
, CG Messing, coll.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEC7716FE00F853B9351A97" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[507,592,2011,2037]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1102743 (1), E side of Mabul I., 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FC12F853BF581A97" box="[1001,1085,2010,2037]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="4.25">4°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEC7716FBB1F853BFD21A97" box="[1098,1207,2010,2037]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="118.63333">118°38'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEC7716FB3FF853BF911A97" box="[1220,1268,2011,2037]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEC7716FAFBF853BEF21A97" box="[1280,1431,2011,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1997-04-22">22 Apr 1997</date>
|
||
, CG Messing, coll.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FE87FF10BABA1DD0" box="[380,479,152,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NSUOC</collectionCode>
|
||
304 (1), Dive Center, Mabul I., 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEF7715FC91FF10B8DB1DD0" box="[874,958,151,178]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="4.25">4°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEF7715FC30FF10BF5D1DD0" box="[971,1080,151,178]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="118.63333">118°38'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FBBEFF10BF101DD0" box="[1093,1141,152,178]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEF7715FB7AFF10BE7D1DD0" box="[1153,1304,152,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1997-04-24">24 Apr 1997</date>
|
||
, CG Messing, coll.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEF7715FEFDFF48B94E1DB8" box="[262,555,192,218]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FEFDFF48BA061DB8" box="[262,355,192,218]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">PAPUA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FE90FF48BACB1DB8" box="[363,430,192,218]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93c9-w2q7" name="University of Newcastle" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NEW</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FE4DFF48B94E1DB8" box="[438,555,192,218]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">GUINEA</collectionCode>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FDCDFF48B9EE1DB8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" box="[566,651,192,218]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">LACM</collectionCode>
|
||
1991–222.1 (1), Barracuda Rock, off Pig I., Madang, 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEF7715FAE1FF48BEF21DB8" box="[1306,1431,191,218]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="15" value="5.172222">5°10'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEF7715FF6CFF60BA4A1C60" box="[151,303,231,258]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="15" value="145.86473">145°51'53"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FEC5FF60BA1A1C60" box="[318,383,232,258]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="11.0">11 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEF7715FE74FF60B94A1C60" box="[399,559,232,258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1991-07-18">18 July 1991</date>
|
||
, CG Messing, coll.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FCD5FF60B8E61C60" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[814,899,232,258]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1093348,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FBFCFF60BF0B1C60" box="[1031,1134,232,258]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FLMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
6817 (2), outside Pig I., Madang, 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEF7715FEE1FE98BAF21C48" box="[282,407,271,298]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="15" value="5.172222">5°10'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEF7715FE53FE98B9251C48" box="[424,576,271,298]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="15" value="145.86473">145°51'53"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FDAAFE98B9A51C48" box="[593,704,272,298]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="11.0">11–14 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEF7715FD2AFE98B8C41C48" box="[721,929,272,298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1991-07-16" valueMax="1991-07-18" valueMin="1991-07-16">16–18 July 1991</date>
|
||
, CG Messing coll.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FB65FE98BF911C48" box="[1182,1268,272,298]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">IRSNB</collectionCode>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FB06FE98BE4B1C48" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14323" box="[1277,1326,272,298]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14323" name="Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Bairro Universitário" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">CRI</collectionCode>
|
||
387 (1), Platier I., Hansa Bay (NE),
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FE1EFEB0B9401C30" box="[485,549,312,338]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEF7715FDC8FEB0B9B51C30" box="[563,720,312,338]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1989-07-16">16 July 1989</date>
|
||
, MC Lahaye, coll.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FC39FEB0BF721C30" box="[962,1047,312,338]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">IRSNB</collectionCode>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FBDBFEB0BF341C30" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14323" box="[1056,1105,312,338]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14323" name="Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Bairro Universitário" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">CRI</collectionCode>
|
||
388 (1), Pointe 0, Laing I., Hansa Bay,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FEDFFEE8BA061C18" box="[292,355,352,378]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEF7715FE94FEE8B96F1C18" box="[367,522,352,378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1989-07-22">22 July 1989</date>
|
||
, MC Lahaye, coll.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FD0EFEE8B82F1C18" box="[757,842,352,378]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">IRSNB</collectionCode>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6CAEDDFFEF7715FCA8FEE8B8E11C18" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14323" box="[851,900,352,378]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14323" name="Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Bairro Universitário" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">CRI</collectionCode>
|
||
389 (1), Mandy Passage, near Hansa Bay,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FA84FEE8BBD41CC0" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="36.0">36 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEF7715FF47FE00BA331CC0" box="[188,342,392,418]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1989-07-23">23 July 1989</date>
|
||
, MC Lahaye, coll.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3676593FFEF7715FF3DFE38B93C1F0E" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFEF7715FF3DFE38B93C1F0E" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1910]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEF7715FF3DFE38BA581CAB" box="[198,317,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. A species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEF7715FE09FE38B9C61CAB" box="[498,675,432,457]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEF7715FE09FE38B9C61CAB" box="[498,675,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Stephanometra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with lateral margins of brachitaxis ossicles weakly swollen or with well-rounded lateral processes oriented parallel or obliquely to ray axis (Fig. 3d–f, 7a–f). At least distal cirrals with prominent aboral spine. Pinnulars of P1-P4 and sometimes P5 elongated, LW 1.5–3.5, with reduced ambulacral groove and conical terminal segment. Proximal and distal pinnular facets with elongated triangular fossae flanking ambulacral groove.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3676593FFEF7719FF3DFDF3BF2C1C90" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFEF7715FF3DFDF3BB841EE5" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1910]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEF7715FF3DFDF3BA341FF6" box="[198,337,635,660]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Centrodorsal discoidal or dome-shaped (Fig. 3e–f,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FC33FDF2B8831FF6" box="[968,998,634,660]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="g" value="7.0">7g</quantity>
|
||
–l),
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FBECFDF2BFCD1FF6" box="[1047,1192,634,660]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="7.1" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="7.1" valueMin="3.4">3.4–7.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
across,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FAF7FDF2BEFE1FF6" box="[1292,1435,634,660]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="0.9">0.9–2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
high; DH 2.2–4.7. Cirri in 2–3 alternating marginal rows. Polar area small, irregular in shape, slightly concave or flat with encroaching cirri, 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FDD1FD42B9E11F86" box="[554,644,714,740]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
across; D/P 1.7–3.6. Cirri XIX–XXXVIII, 23–36, 13–
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FAFDFD42BE3D1F86" box="[1286,1368,714,740]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="31.0">31 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; c1–3 short; c4–8 longer than broad; c8–10 longest, LW 1.0–1.5; c9–14 and following cirrals compressed, each bearing a sharp distally directed aboral spine (Fig. 8a, b, e). Terminal claw curved, longer than penultimate cirral. Specimens from the Jewellers' Islands,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEF7715FD9EFCCDB9B01E3D" box="[613,725,837,863]" name="Maldives" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Maldives</collectingCountry>
|
||
, have aboral spines restricted to distalmost 1–2 cirrals (Figs. 8c–d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFEF7715FF3DFC1DBE211898" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1910]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Basal ossicles not visible externally; radials projecting slightly beyond edge of centrodorsal or visible in interradial angles. IIIBr2 developed only externally or both internally and externally. Ibr1 oblong, with converging lateral margins, usually free laterally but sometimes united proximally; L to
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FB72FC61BF8D1961" box="[1161,1256,1001,1027]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, W to
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FAC2FC61BEFD1961" box="[1337,1432,1001,1027]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, WL 2.0–3.5, rarely less. Ibr2 (axil) with diverging lateral margins; L to
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FC10FB99BF2C1949" box="[1003,1097,1041,1067]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, W to
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FB60FB99BF9C1949" box="[1179,1273,1041,1067]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, WL 1.5–2.0, rarely less. Ray bases well separated,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FDB4FBB3B9B91937" box="[591,732,1083,1109]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="2.1" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
between adjacent Ibr1. Ibr2 and IIbr1 with weak (Fig. 3e, 7a– b) to strong rounded, lateral adambulacral swellings (Fig. 3f, 7c–f). Weak adambulacral processes may be obliquely-oriented and restricted to proximal corners of Ibr2 and IIbr1, while strong processes run entire lateral length of Ibr2, IIbr1 and IIbr2. Synarthrial tubercles weakly to well-developed. Arms 22–33; R
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FAFEFB31BEFD19B1" box="[1285,1432,1209,1235]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="122.5" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="60.0">60–185 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Rays most commonly with six arms each, less frequently with 2, 4, 5, 7 or 8. Br1 through br8-br10 oblong; WL ~2.0. Subsequent brachials cuneate. Br10 with W to
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FD14FA87B82E184B" box="[751,843,1295,1321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, L to
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FC77FA87B88C184B" box="[908,1001,1295,1321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, WL 1.7–2.8. Syzygies at br3+4, br21+22 (infrequently br8+9, br9+10, br13+14 or br28+29). Subsequent intersyzygial interval 7–11 (less often 2–6 or 15–18). P1 through P3 or P4 and sometimes P5 stiff and spine-like, composed of cylindrical segments with ambulacrum and tube feet reduced. Pinnules on outer arms usually longer and thicker than on inner arms. First two pinnulars slightly broader than long; third and sometimes fourth slightly longer than broad; fourth and following with LW 1.5–3.5; terminal pinnular conical (Figs. 8f–s). Proximal 3–5 pinnulars laterally compressed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFEF7715FF3EF980B88A1A14" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1910]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
P1
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FF1EF980BAE71B40" box="[229,386,1544,1570]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" metricValueMax="1.73" metricValueMin="0.8099999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="12.7" valueMax="17.3" valueMin="8.1">8.1–17.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, of 10–15 (rarely 18) pinnulars; usually slightly slenderer and shorter than P2; rarely the largest pinnule (Fig. 8f, j, o). P2 almost always the longest, thickest pinnule,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FBB1F9BBBF931B2F" box="[1098,1270,1587,1613]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" metricValueMax="1.97" metricValueMin="1.0699999999999998" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="15.2" valueMax="19.7" valueMin="10.7">10.7–19.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, of 9–14 pinnulars; pinnular 6 with LW 1.4–3.6 (Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FD5FF9D6B9A61B1A" box="[676,707,1630,1656]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="g" value="8.0">8g</quantity>
|
||
, k, p). P3
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FCCDF9D6B8B61B1A" box="[822,979,1630,1656]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" metricValueMax="13.7" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="9.1" valueMax="13.7" valueMin="4.5">4.5–13.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, of 7–12 pinnulars; sometimes as thick as P2 but always shorter; often as thick as P1 but slightly longer or shorter (Fig. 8h, l, q). P4
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FAFAF901BEF91BC1" box="[1281,1436,1673,1699]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="7.9" valueMax="10.5" valueMin="5.3">5.3–10.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, of 7–11 pinnulars; similar to P3 or small, weak and flexible like the following pinnules (Fig.
|
||
<date id="FFC310D8FFEF7715FAEDF93CBE4B1BAC" box="[1302,1326,1716,1742]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">8i</date>
|
||
, m, r). P5 either resembling P4 or following pinnules,
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FD61F957B84D1B9B" box="[666,808,1759,1785]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.449999999999999" metricValueMax="7.6" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="5.449999999999999" valueMax="7.6" valueMin="3.3">3.3–7.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long with 7–10 pinnulars (Fig. 8n, s). P6 and following pinnules small, weak and flexible with well-developed ambulacral groove. Subsequent pinnules gradually increasing in length. P distal
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEF7715FE33F8BAB9541A2E" box="[456,561,1842,1868]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="10.4">10.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long with ~22 pinnulars; first pinnular broader than long; second and subsequent pinnulars longer than broad; terminal segment with small spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFEE7714FF6CF8AEBE071A8F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1830,2029]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEE7714FF6CF8AEBA791A5C" bold="true" box="[151,284,1830,1854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
a–c.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEE7714FEA6F8AFB92E1A5C" box="[349,587,1831,1854]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEE7714FEA6F8AFB92E1A5C" box="[349,587,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Stephanometra indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, field photographs, Lizard
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEE7714FC80F8AEB8DA1A5F" box="[891,959,1830,1853]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Great Barrier Reef,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEE7714FB57F8AEBE741A5F" box="[1196,1297,1830,1853]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. a.
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEE7714FAC0F8AFBA791A02" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEE7714FAC0F8AFBBB71A02" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="indica" subSpecies="sensu">
|
||
S. indica
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A5771FFEE7714FF6CF8C1BBB71A02" box="[151,210,1865,1888]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" sensu="stricto">sensu</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stricto
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, adoral view with P2 (arrows) and adjacent interior P b (orange) enlarged. b.
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEE7714FBBAF8C1BFA81A02" box="[1089,1229,1865,1888]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEE7714FBBAF8C1BFFB1A02" box="[1089,1182,1865,1888]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="indica">S. indica</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A5771FFEE7714FB5FF8C1BFA81A02" box="[1188,1229,1865,1888]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" sensu="stricto">s. s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, aboral view of ray bases showing lateral tabs (arrows). c.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEE7714FDC9F8E7B9EA1AE4" box="[562,655,1903,1926]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEE7714FDC9F8E7B9EA1AE4" box="[562,655,1903,1926]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEE7714FD34F8E7B82F1AE4" box="[719,842,1903,1926]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="oxyacantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEE7714FD34F8E7B82F1AE4" box="[719,842,1903,1926]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">oxyacantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adoral view showing numerous enlarged oral pinnules. d–f.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFEE7714FF32F819BA811ACA" box="[201,484,1937,1960]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFEE7714FF32F819BA811ACA" box="[201,484,1937,1960]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Stephanometra tenuipinna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. d. Specimen from Bay at W end of Ngerchaol I.,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFEE7714FBEBF819BF2B1ACA" box="[1040,1102,1937,1960]" name="Palau" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEE7714FBA1F819BF881ACA" box="[1114,1261,1937,1960]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="1" value="7.3413835">07º 20.483’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4950DFFFEE7714FB01F819BEFD1ACA" box="[1274,1432,1937,1960]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="1" value="134.42961">134º 25.777’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFEE7714FF6CF83CBBBE1AA9" box="[151,219,1972,1995]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="5.5">5.5 m</quantity>
|
||
. e. NSUOC-256 (preserved), with weakly developed lateral adambulacral tabs (arrows). f. NSUOC-310 (preserved), with well-developed lateral adambulacral tabs (arrows). Scale bars: (a–d) no scale recorded; (e–f) 5.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF026690FFE1771BFF6CFCF2BB981EB4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184296/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[225,1365,193,877]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFE1771BFF6CFCF2BB981EB4" blockId="8.[151,1436,890,982]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE1771BFF6CFCF2BA7D1EF0" bold="true" box="[151,280,890,914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
a–c.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE1771BFEAAFCF2B95E1EF3" box="[337,571,890,913]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE1771BFEAAFCF2B95E1EF3" box="[337,571,890,913]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Stephanometra indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. d–f.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE1771BFD83FCF2B80D1EF3" box="[632,872,890,913]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Lamprometra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="palmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE1771BFD83FCF2B80D1EF3" box="[632,872,890,913]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lamprometra palmata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. a, d. Ray base with brachitaxes IBr2 and IIBr2. b, e. Centrodorsal aboral view. c, f. Centrodorsal lateral view. Scale bars: upper left (a, d), upper right (b, c), lower right (e, f), all 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF026690FFE1771BFF6CF8EEB9DE1A84" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184297/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[215,1371,1020,1883]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFE1771BFF6CF8EEB9DE1A84" blockId="8.[151,1436,1894,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE1771BFF6CF8EEBA7B1A1C" bold="true" box="[151,286,1894,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE1771BFED0F8EFB97A1A1C" box="[299,543,1895,1918]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Lamprometra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="palmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE1771BFED0F8EFB97A1A1C" box="[299,543,1895,1918]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lamprometra palmata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. a. Specimen from Ngederrak Reef, E entrance to Malakal Harbor, Palau, 07º 17.900’N, 134º28.340’E; 1 m, sea-grass bed; showing flat-sided bases of rays (arrows). b–c. Specimens from Iro Lake Tunnel, W of Ngeruktabel I., Palau, 07º17.390’N, 134º25.020’E; 1 m; showing concentric color patterns. d. Same,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE1771BFA7DF824BB8B1A84" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Lamprometra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="palmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE1771BFA7DF824BB8B1A84" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">L. palmata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cf. form
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE1771BFEAAF847BABE1A84" box="[337,475,1999,2022]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Lamprometra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="brachypecha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE1771BFEAAF847BABE1A84" box="[337,475,1999,2022]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">brachypecha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. No scales recorded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFE0771AFF6CF8DDBA2D1AF3" blockId="9.[151,1436,1877,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE0771AFF6CF8DDBA7F1A0F" bold="true" box="[151,282,1877,1901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
a. Plot of aboral pole diameter against centrodorsal diameter. b. Plot of length of pinnular 6 from P2 against axil (Ibr2) width.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFE37719FF3EFF10BA941C18" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1144]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FF3EFF10BA111DD3" box="[197,372,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Color patterns</emphasis>
|
||
. Rays variously banded with red, red-purple, maroon, orange, brown or tan and usually some white (Fig. 3d); sometimes with orange blotches; sometimes all white with red tips, or red proximally and white distally with or without red tips. At least one specimen gray proximally and deep purple distally. Brachitaxes may be orange, dark rose, purple or maroon with white, pink, orange or brown speckles, or with orange blotches or with scattered pink and white areas. The middle of the arm may be dark orange-brown with numerous white or tan bands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFE37719FF3EFE00BF2C1C90" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1144]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
AH
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFE37719FF0CFE00BAFE1CC0" author="Clark" box="[247,411,392,418]" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Clark, A. H. 1921 b. A monograph of the existing crinoids. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, (82) 1 (2), xxv + 795, 57 pls." type="journal article" year="1921" yearSuffix="b">Clark (1921b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also noted brachitaxes and arms solid dark purple, and rays alternating silver and bright red, with tips of enlarged pinnules orange. However, previously published records (AH
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFE37719FB69FE38BE421CA8" author="Clark" box="[1170,1319,432,458]" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Clark, A. H. 1921 b. A monograph of the existing crinoids. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, (82) 1 (2), xxv + 795, 57 pls." type="journal article" year="1921" yearSuffix="b">Clark 1921b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFE37719FAC9FE38BA211C90" author="Meyer" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Meyer, D. L. & Macurda, D. B. 1980. Ecology and distribution of the shallow-water crinoids of Palau and Guam. Micronesica, 16 (1), 59 - 99." type="journal article" year="1980">Meyer & Macurda 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFE37719FEABFE50BA8B1C90" author="Stevens" box="[336,494,472,498]" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Stevens, T. F. 1989. Species composition and distribution of the comatulid crinoids of Heron Island and Wistari Reefs. M. S. Thesis. Univ. Queensland, xi + 147 pp., 26 figs, 8 maps, 8 pls. Appendix." type="book" year="1989">Stevens 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) may be based on incorrectly identified specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3676593FFE37719FF3EFD88BFC31E50" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFE37719FF3EFD88B9F61FF0" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1144]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FF3EFD88BA311F7B" box="[197,340,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. On reefs from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFE37719FDEFFD88B9351F78" box="[532,592,512,538]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFE37719FD4CFD88B8111F78" box="[695,884,512,538]" name="Maldives" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Maldive Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
to Chuuk Atoll,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFE37719FBC5FD88BFA01F78" box="[1086,1221,512,538]" name="Micronesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Micronesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and from Queensland,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFE37719FF1EFDA0BA311F20" box="[229,340,552,578]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, to southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFE37719FE15FDA0B9341F20" box="[494,593,552,578]" name="Vietnam" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFE37719FD99FDA0B99F1F20" box="[610,762,552,578]" name="Vietnam" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cochinchina</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFE37719FC90FDA0B8961F20" box="[875,1011,552,578]" name="Philippines" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Previously published distributional records (AH
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFE37719FECDFDD8BAAA1F08" author="Clark" box="[310,463,592,618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Clark, A. H. 1921 b. A monograph of the existing crinoids. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, (82) 1 (2), xxv + 795, 57 pls." type="journal article" year="1921" yearSuffix="b">Clark 1921b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFE37719FE25FDD8B8621F08" author="Meyer" box="[478,775,592,618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Meyer, D. L. & Macurda, D. B. 1980. Ecology and distribution of the shallow-water crinoids of Palau and Guam. Micronesica, 16 (1), 59 - 99." type="journal article" year="1980">Meyer & Macurda 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFE37719FCEDFDD8B8D21F08" author="Stevens" box="[790,951,592,618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Stevens, T. F. 1989. Species composition and distribution of the comatulid crinoids of Heron Island and Wistari Reefs. M. S. Thesis. Univ. Queensland, xi + 147 pp., 26 figs, 8 maps, 8 pls. Appendix." type="book" year="1989">Stevens 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) may be based on incorrectly identified specimens. Depth range: shoreline to
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7BFD91FFE37719FDABFDF0B9F61FF0" box="[592,659,632,658]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFE37719FDABFDF0B9EB1FF0" box="[592,654,632,658]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="48.0">48 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFE37719FF3EFD28BFC31E50" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1144]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FF3EFD28BA461FDB" box="[197,291,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||
. Cryptic during the day, curled up within the reef infrastructure or deep among the branches of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FF6CFD40BA631F83" box="[151,262,712,737]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FF6CFD40BA631F83" box="[151,262,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Acropora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
colonies; emerging at night to perch on prominent coral heads. This species usually forms a biplanar arcuate filtration fan, but may also spread its arms radially over its coral perch, or raise those arms on the upcurrent side into the current, perpendicular to the substrate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFE37719FC94FC90BFFC1E50" author="Meyer" box="[879,1177,792,818]" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Meyer, D. L. & Macurda, D. B. 1980. Ecology and distribution of the shallow-water crinoids of Palau and Guam. Micronesica, 16 (1), 59 - 99." type="journal article" year="1980">Meyer & Macurda, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3676593FFE37719FF3EFCC8BFD7191A" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC23618FFE37719FF3EFCC8BFD7191A" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1144]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FF3EFCC8BA511E3B" box="[197,308,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
AH
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4BE9FFE37719FE95FCC8B9601E38" author="Clark" box="[366,517,832,858]" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Clark, A. H. 1941. A monograph of the existing crinoids. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, (82) 1 (4 a), vii + 603, 61 pls." type="journal article" year="1941">Clark (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
diagnosed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FD77FCC8B8661E3B" box="[652,771,832,857]" class="Crinoidea" family="Himerometridae" genus="Himerometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FD77FCC8B8661E3B" box="[652,771,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. echinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as having 30–40 arms
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFE37719FBEEFCC8BFD51E38" box="[1045,1200,832,858]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="140.0" valueMax="170.0" valueMin="110.0">110–170 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, cirri with 25– 37 cirrals, and P1-P4 stiff and spine-like, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FD44FCE0B83F1EE3" box="[703,858,872,897]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FD44FCE0B83F1EE3" box="[703,858,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. tenuipinna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had 16–24 arms
|
||
<quantity id="4C859BFDFFE37719FBDDFCE0BFC31EE0" box="[1062,1190,872,898]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="65.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="60.0">60–70 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with 20 cirrals and P1-P3 stiff and spine-like. In fact, he suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FCE4FC1BB8F21ECE" box="[799,919,915,940]" class="Crinoidea" family="Himerometridae" genus="Himerometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FCE4FC1BB8F21ECE" box="[799,919,915,940]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. echinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might prove to be a full-sized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FAFAFC1BBEF91ECE" box="[1281,1436,915,940]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FAFAFC1BBEF91ECE" box="[1281,1436,915,940]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. tenuipinna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(p. 408). Our measurements also suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FD4FFC36B82A1EB5" box="[692,847,958,983]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FD4FFC36B82A1EB5" box="[692,847,958,983]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. tenuipinna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is simply a smaller growth stage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FB06FC36BE101EB5" box="[1277,1397,958,983]" class="Crinoidea" family="Himerometridae" genus="Himerometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FB06FC36BE101EB5" box="[1277,1397,958,983]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. echinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as does a series of bivariate plots of centrodorsal diameters and heights against axil width, number of cirri and maximum cirrus length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13462A9DFFE37719FE43FB85B9651945" box="[440,512,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[218,1373,318,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[179,1401,308,1889]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Stephanometra tenuipinna. a. Plot of number of cirri against centrodorsal height (mm). b. Plot of maximum cirrus length (mm) against centrodorsal diameter (mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184299/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). We thus synonymize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FCEAFB86B8ED1945" box="[785,904,1038,1063]" class="Crinoidea" family="Himerometridae" genus="Himerometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FCEAFB86B8ED1945" box="[785,904,1038,1063]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. echinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
under the senior name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FB60FB86BE501945" box="[1179,1333,1038,1063]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FB60FB86BE501945" box="[1179,1333,1038,1063]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. tenuipinna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FABFFB86BBA5192D" class="Crinoidea" family="Himerometridae" genus="Himerometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FABFFB86BBA5192D" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. echinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FF07FBBEBAFD192D" box="[252,408,1078,1103]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FF07FBBEBAFD192D" box="[252,408,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. tenuipinna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens in the current study closely resemble the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C688BAFFE37719FBE9FBBDBF1C192D" box="[1042,1145,1077,1103]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FB5FFBBEBBAE1915" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FB5FFBBEBBAE1915" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stephanometra coronata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM E35242) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7688FFE37719FE1EFBD6B941191A" box="[485,548,1118,1144]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which we retain within the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D9BFFE37719FBEBFBD6BFCF1915" box="[1040,1194,1118,1143]" class="Crinoidea" family="Mariametridae" genus="Stephanometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuipinna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EA0AFFE37719FBEBFBD6BFCF1915" box="[1040,1194,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. tenuipinna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |