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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.508.9874" ID-GBIF-Dataset="507f165a-6d15-46e7-aefb-6d8dc57eddcc" ID-PMC="PMC4492210" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-508-127" ID-PubMed="26167125" ID-ZBK="AD0BD72FA2174ED5A84CAB381ED1E624" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-508-127" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 508" ModsDocTitle="A review of Norwegian Gymnometriocnemus (Diptera, Chironomidae) including the description of two new species and a new name for Gymnometriocnemusvolitans (Goetghebuer) sensu Brundin" checkinTime="1451244240491" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Stur, Elisabeth &amp; Ekrem, Torbjorn" docDate="2015" docId="032AE09A8C07F4786217C330DB7E9654" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 508: 127-142" docOrigin="ZooKeys 508" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.508.9874" docTitle="Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) pallidus Stur &amp; Ekrem, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="8C19C165-6923-4A17-9C9D-380DD9413E41" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="132" masterDocId="FFC34A51FF973B747041B01CFFD5FFE7" masterDocTitle="A review of Norwegian Gymnometriocnemus (Diptera, Chironomidae) including the description of two new species and a new name for Gymnometriocnemusvolitans (Goetghebuer) sensu Brundin" masterLastPageNumber="142" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="131" updateTime="1668160408099" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A review of Norwegian Gymnometriocnemus (Diptera, Chironomidae) including the description of two new species and a new name for Gymnometriocnemusvolitans (Goetghebuer) sensu Brundin</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Stur, Elisabeth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Ekrem, Torbjorn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>508</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>127</mods:start>
<mods:end>142</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.508.9874</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.508.9874</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-508-127</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">AD0BD72FA2174ED5A84CAB381ED1E624</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152060356" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8C19C165-6923-4A17-9C9D-380DD9413E41" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/032AE09A8C07F4786217C330DB7E9654" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="131" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
classification Animalia Diptera Chironomidae
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="131" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/8C19C165-6923-4A17-9C9D-380DD9413E41" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) pallidus" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidus" subGenus="Gymnometriocnemus">Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) pallidus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="131">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="131" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
Holotype: Male adult (NTNU-VM slide 143840), Norway, Hordaland, Kvam, Berge, oak canopy fogging, tree #3,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="60.30921">60.30921°N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="6.16453">6.16453°E</geoCoordinate>
, 23.vi.2011, leg. Karl H. Thunes [BOLD ID: CH-eik131]. 5 Paratypes: 2 male adults as holotype except tree #1
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="60.314">60.314°N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="6.167">6.167°E</geoCoordinate>
, 21.vi.2011; 1 female adult as holotype except tree #18,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="59.201">59.201°N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="9.92">9.920°E</geoCoordinate>
, 5.vii.2012; 2 male adults, Norway, Telemark, Porsgrunn, Brevik, Frierflauene,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="59.0579">59.0579°N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="9.66485">9.66485°E</geoCoordinate>
, Malaise trap, 30.
<normalizedToken originalValue="vi">vi-</normalizedToken>
27.vii.2010, leg. Geir
<normalizedToken originalValue="Søli">Soli</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="131" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
The species is named
<normalizedToken originalValue="“pallidus”">&quot;pallidus&quot;</normalizedToken>
, Latin adjective meaning pale, referring to the conspicuous pale body colour compared to other Holarctic
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnometriocnemus" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gymnometriocnemus</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="131" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) pallidus" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidus" subGenus="Gymnometriocnemus">Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) pallidus</taxonomicName>
can be separated from other
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnometriocnemus" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gymnometriocnemus</taxonomicName>
species by the following combination of characters in the adults: body pale yellow-green; male with short inconspicuous virga, gonostylus with convex outer margin and weakly developed crista dorsalis. Female with setae on most of wing surface, including numerous in cell m; antenna with apical flagellomere pointed and longer than flagellomere 4; genitalia with long rami, about the same length as notum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="132" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="132" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Male adult (n = 5 unless otherwise stated). Wing length 1.21-1.30, 1.28 mm. Colouration pale yellow-green body, legs and antennae; slightly darker bands on scutum; postnotum, dorsal side of head, ventral part of preepisternum pale brown; eyes dark brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
Head. Antennal ratio in Table 1. Temporal setae 9-10; palp lengths (in
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
): 25/30/90-100/80-90 (4)/110-115 (4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Thorax. Antepronotum with 2-6, 3 setae. Dorsocentrals 10-17, 13; acrostichals 7-12, 10, minute and difficult to discern; prealars 3-4; scutellars 6-7.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Wing (Fig. 5B). Costa moderately extended, not reaching half way to apex of M1+2; R2+3 approaching costa at 1/3 distance between R1 and R4+5. Macrotrichia present on membrane in apical half of wing, 0-2 setae in cell m. Veins Sc, R2+3, M and pseudovein without setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
Legs. Fore tibia with one spur, 35
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long; mid tibia with two spurs ca. 20-25
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long; hind tibia with well-developed comb and 2 spurs, ca. 20 and 35
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long. Fore leg ratios in Table 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
Hypopygium (Fig. 4B). Ninth tergite with 10-15, 13 setae, median setae stronger and situated on an obvious anal point. Virga 15-20
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long consisting of two spines. Inferior volsella well-developed lobe; gonostylus with slightly convex outer margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Female adult (n = 1). Wing length 1.23 mm. Colouration as male.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
Head. Antenna (Fig. 3E) with five flagellomeres, lengths (in
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
): 75/60/70/60/70. Temporal setae 9; palp lengths (in
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
): 25/30/95/-/-.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Thorax. Antepronotum with 6 setae. Dorsocentrals 18; acrostichals 11; prealars 3; scutellars 6.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Wing (Fig. 3D). Costa well extended, reaching slightly past half way to apex of M1+2; R2+3 approaching costa at 1/3 distance between R1 and R4+5. Macrotrichia present on membrane in whole wing. Veins M, Sc and R2+3 without setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
Legs. Fore tibia with one spur, 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long; mid tibia lost; hind tibia with well-developed comb and 2 spines, ca. 35-40
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long. Tarsus of fore leg lost (LR1 not measurable).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
Genitalia (Fig. 3F). Gonocoxite IX with 7 setae. Ninth tergite undivided, semi-circular with 12 setae; cercus 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long; seminal capsules about 70
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long and 45
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, seminal tubules about 325
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long. Notum as long as rami, 87
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. Inner lobe of gonapophysis VIII broadly rounded with numerous long medially directed microtrichiae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Immature stages unknown</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="132" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
The species is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) subnudus" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnudus" subGenus="Gymnometriocnemus">Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) subnudus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) johanasecundus" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="johanasecundus" subGenus="Gymnometriocnemus">Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) johanasecundus</taxonomicName>
, but paler (see whole specimen figures in BOLD dataset DS-GYMNO). Males and females are almost completely yellow-green with pale brown posterior side of head and postnotum; pale brown scutal bands and ventral side of preepisternum.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) pallidus" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidus" subGenus="Gymnometriocnemus">Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) pallidus</taxonomicName>
is also similar to these species in having a short, triangular anal point and a small virga, but the hypopygium of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) pallidus" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidus" subGenus="Gymnometriocnemus">Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) pallidus</taxonomicName>
has a more prominent inferior volsella than
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) johanasecundus" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="johanasecundus" subGenus="Gymnometriocnemus">Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) johanasecundus</taxonomicName>
and considerably stronger anal tergite setae than
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) subnudus" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnudus" subGenus="Gymnometriocnemus">Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) subnudus</taxonomicName>
(Figs 4B, C). Comparison with DNA barcode data in BOLD indicates that the species also has records from Germany and France.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>