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<document id="E48803827AD8B38DDB66B3476FFDAAFB" ID-CLB-Dataset="36820" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3829.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a4b69269-5a4c-4b5b-9f89-6b314d3ba284" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="286556" ID-ZooBank="75210CDC-AC6A-4624-A6F1-1BC969BC7CAA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460452709399" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyron, Robert Alexander &amp; Wallach, Van" docDate="2014" docId="03B587DDC106B170CFD7CA96FEBAF9A5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03829p081.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3829 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Anilios Gray 1845" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="FF8CFFA5C13AB14CCF40CA0EFFB9FFA2" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the blindsnakes (Serpentes: Scolecophidia: Typhlopoidea) based on molecular and morphological evidence" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1698338434491" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9E1D8D0E87B6A51DB4E12CD70275C986">Systematics of the blindsnakes (Serpentes: Scolecophidia: Typhlopoidea) based on molecular and morphological evidence</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E43CD291F86D763BEFB11577752BF2FA">Pyron, Robert Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03B587DDC106B170CFD7CA96FEBAF9A5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6128008" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127668676" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6128008" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587DDC106B170CFD7CA96FEBAF9A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587DDC106B170CFD7CA96FEBAF9A5" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<subSubSection id="C3066540C106B170CFD7CA96FEC7FF10" box="[151,382,152,178]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA336CBC106B170CFD7CA96FEC7FF10" blockId="60.[151,382,152,178]" box="[151,382,152,178]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CFD7CA96FEC7FF10" ID-CoL="62BDB" ID-ENA="1539840" authority="Gray, 1845" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1845" box="[151,382,152,178]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CFD7CA96FEC7FF10" bold="true" box="[151,382,152,178]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CFD7CA96FF54FF10" bold="true" box="[151,237,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Anilios</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3AC106B170CFB4CA96FEC7FF10" author="Gray" box="[244,382,152,178]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Gray, J. E. (1845) Catalogue of the Specimens of Lizards in the Collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, xxvii + 322 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5499" type="book" year="1845">Gray, 1845</bibRefCitation>
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species.
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE79CAD0FDCDFF55" authority="Gray, 1845" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1845" box="[313,628,222,247]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CE79CAD0FE48FF55" box="[313,497,222,247]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Anilios australis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3AC106B170CEB8CAD1FDCDFF55" author="Gray" box="[504,628,222,247]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Gray, J. E. (1845) Catalogue of the Specimens of Lizards in the Collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, xxvii + 322 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5499" type="book" year="1845">Gray, 1845</bibRefCitation>
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Species content.
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CED3CB0CFD83FEB9" box="[403,570,258,283]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CED3CB0CFD83FEB9" box="[403,570,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Anilios affinis</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CD0CCB0CFCB8FEB9" box="[588,769,258,283]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ammodytes">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CD0CCB0CFCB8FEB9" bold="true" box="[588,769,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. ammodytes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CC53CB0DFC28FEB9" box="[787,913,259,283]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aspina">An. aspina</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CCE0CB0CFB81FEB9" box="[928,1080,258,283]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CCE0CB0CFB81FEB9" bold="true" box="[928,1080,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CB09CB0DFB68FEB9" box="[1097,1233,258,283]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batillus">An. batillus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CB9FCB0CFAD8FEB9" box="[1247,1377,258,283]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Argyrophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CB9FCB0CFAD8FEB9" bold="true" box="[1247,1377,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CA33CB0CFE84FE9D" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bituberculatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CA33CB0CFE84FE9D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. bituberculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE0ECB29FE68FE9D" box="[334,465,294,319]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="broomi">An. broomi</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE9ECB28FDCCFE9D" box="[478,629,294,319]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CE9ECB28FDCCFE9D" bold="true" box="[478,629,294,319]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. centralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CDC6CB29FCD4FE9D" box="[646,877,294,319]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chamodracaena">An. chamodracaena</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CC3BCB28FBB4FE9D" box="[891,1037,294,319]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diversus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CC3BCB28FBB4FE9D" bold="true" box="[891,1037,294,319]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. diversus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CB5ECB28FB7AFE9D" box="[1054,1219,294,319]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endoterus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CB5ECB28FB7AFE9D" bold="true" box="[1054,1219,294,319]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. endoterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CB93CB29FADBFE9C" box="[1235,1378,295,318]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erycinus">An. erycinus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CA33CB28FF6EFEC1" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ganei">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CA33CB28FF6EFEC1" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. ganei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CFA4CB44FEDBFEC0" box="[228,354,330,355]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grypus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CFA4CB44FEDBFEC0" bold="true" box="[228,354,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. grypus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE2FCB44FDB6FEC1" box="[367,527,330,355]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CE2FCB44FDB6FEC1" bold="true" box="[367,527,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. guentheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CD5CCB44FD09FEC1" box="[540,688,330,355]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hamatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CD5CCB44FD09FEC1" bold="true" box="[540,688,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. hamatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CDFDCB44FC9CFEC1" box="[701,805,330,355]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howi">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CDFDCB44FC9CFEC1" bold="true" box="[701,805,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. howi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CC72CB44FBB4FEC1" box="[818,1037,330,355]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kimberleyensis">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CC72CB44FBB4FEC1" bold="true" box="[818,1037,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. kimberleyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CB5ACB44FB72FEC1" box="[1050,1227,330,355]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptosomus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CB5ACB44FB72FEC1" bold="true" box="[1050,1227,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. leptosomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CB99CB45FA2EFEC1" box="[1241,1431,330,355]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucoproctus">An. leucoproctus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CFD7CB60FEA3FE25" box="[151,282,366,391]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ligatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CFD7CB60FEA3FE25" bold="true" box="[151,282,366,391]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. ligatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE6DCB60FE55FE25" box="[301,492,366,391]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longissimus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CE6DCB60FE55FE25" bold="true" box="[301,492,366,391]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. longissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CEBFCB61FD0CFE24" box="[511,693,367,390]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="margaretae">An. margaretae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CD85CB61FCC5FE24" box="[709,892,367,390]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="micrommus">An. micrommus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CCCCCB61FB99FE24" box="[908,1056,367,390]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minimus">An. minimus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CB70CB61FB1BFE24" box="[1072,1186,367,390]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nema">An. nema</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CBF2CB60FADAFE25" box="[1202,1379,366,391]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CBF2CB60FADAFE25" bold="true" box="[1202,1379,366,391]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. nigrescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CA36CB61FE99FE09" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricaudus">An. nigricaudus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE6CCB9DFDA9FE09" box="[300,528,403,427]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigroterminatus">An. nigroterminatus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CD5CCB9CFD72FE09" box="[540,715,402,427]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pilbarensis">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CD5CCB9CFD72FE09" bold="true" box="[540,715,402,427]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. pilbarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CD9ACB9CFCD8FE09" box="[730,865,402,427]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinguis">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CD9ACB9CFCD8FE09" bold="true" box="[730,865,402,427]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. pinguis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CC30CB9CFBEAFE09" box="[880,1107,402,427]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polygrammicus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CC30CB9CFBEAFE09" bold="true" box="[880,1107,402,427]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. polygrammicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CB22CB9CFAB9FE09" box="[1122,1280,402,427]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CB22CB9CFAB9FE09" bold="true" box="[1122,1280,402,427]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. proximus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CA4FCB9DFA2EFE09" box="[1295,1431,402,427]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robertsi">An. robertsi</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CFD7CBB8FEBCFE6D" box="[151,261,438,463]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="silvia">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CFD7CBB8FEBCFE6D" bold="true" box="[151,261,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. silvia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE55CBB8FE78FE6D" box="[277,449,438,463]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="splendidus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CE55CBB8FE78FE6D" bold="true" box="[277,449,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. splendidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE91CBB9FDF1FE6D" box="[465,584,438,463]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tovelli">An. tovelli</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CD15CBB8FCBDFE6D" box="[597,772,438,463]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="troglodytes">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CD15CBB8FCBDFE6D" bold="true" box="[597,772,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. troglodytes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CC54CBB8FC6AFE6D" box="[788,979,438,463]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unguirostris">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CC54CBB8FC6AFE6D" bold="true" box="[788,979,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. unguirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CCA3CBB8FBEDFE6D" box="[995,1108,438,463]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="waitii">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CCA3CBB8FBEDFE6D" bold="true" box="[995,1108,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. waitii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CB24CBB8FB63FE6D" box="[1124,1242,438,463]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wiedii">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CB24CBB8FB63FE6D" bold="true" box="[1124,1242,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. wiedii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CBAACBB9FA2EFE6C" box="[1258,1431,439,462]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yampiensis">An. yampiensis</taxonomicName>
, and
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CF86CBD5FED0FE51" box="[198,361,474,499]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CF86CBD5FEDCFE51" box="[198,357,474,499]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yirrikalae">An. yirrikalae</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066540C106B170CF87CBF0FEDDFB91" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA336CBC106B170CF87CBF0FB95FC65" blockId="60.[151,1436,222,1543]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CF87CBF0FEF8FDB5" bold="true" box="[199,321,510,535]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE0BCBF0FE23FDB5" box="[331,410,510,535]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CE0BCBF0FE23FDB5" box="[331,410,510,535]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Anilios</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other typhlopoids by a protrusible hemipenis, retrocloacal sacs, absence of frontorostral, and paired prefrontals. Small- to large-sized (total length
<quantity id="4CE49B2EC106B170CBDFC82CFA97FD99" box="[1183,1326,546,571]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="405.0" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="60.0">60750 mm</quantity>
), stout to slender-bodied (length/width ratio 20122) snakes with 1624 scale rows (usually without reduction), 263750 total middorsals, short to long tail (0.97.7% total length) with 836 subcaudals (length/width ratio 0.84.4), and apical spine small. Dorsal head profile rounded or tapered, lateral head profile rounded to acutely pointed, narrow to broad rostral (0.230.75 head width), inferior nasal suture in contact with first or second supralabial or preocular, preocular in contact with second and third supralabials, eye moderate with distinct pupil or reduced to eyespot, T- III
<collectingCountry id="F30B765BC106B170CFFDC8F5FF5CFCB1" box="[189,229,763,787]" name="Cyprus" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">SIP</collectingCountry>
, and postoculars 14. Lateral tongue papillae present; left lung absent, tracheal lung multicameral (with 1848 chambers), cardiac lung multicameral (with 110 chambers) or paucicameral (with 210 pockets) and right lung multicameral (with 115 chambers), paucicameral (with 213 pockets) or unicameral; testes usually unsegmented; hemipenis protrusible (retracted organ with 010 coils), retrocloacal sacs present; and rectal caecum small to large (1.07.7% SVL). Coloration usually light brown, brown, reddish-brown, purplish-brown or black above and cream, white or yellow below but some species are pink (pigmentless).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336CBC106B170CF87C9DCFEDDFB91" blockId="60.[151,1436,222,1543]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CF87C9DCFE58FC49" bold="true" box="[199,481,978,1003]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Phylogenetic definition.</emphasis>
Includes the MRCA of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CDB0C9DCFC10FC49" box="[752,937,978,1003]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CDB0C9DCFC10FC49" box="[752,937,978,1003]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Anilios australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CCA0C9DDFB03FC49" box="[992,1210,978,1003]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polygrammicus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CCA0C9DDFB03FC49" box="[992,1210,978,1003]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. polygrammicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and all descendants thereof, and all species more closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CDFFC9F9FCE8FBAD" box="[703,849,1014,1039]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CDFFC9F9FCE8FBAD" box="[703,849,1014,1039]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to the
<typeStatus id="54A78869C106B170CCA3C9F9FBAAFBAD" box="[995,1043,1015,1039]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">type</typeStatus>
species of the 16 other typhlopid genera listed here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066540C106B170CF87CE30FAC4FBF4" box="[199,1405,1086,1111]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA336CBC106B170CF87CE30FAC4FBF4" blockId="60.[151,1436,222,1543]" box="[199,1405,1086,1111]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CF87CE30FEF7FBF5" bold="true" box="[199,334,1086,1111]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Etymology.</emphasis>
Name refers to the fossorial habits of most species, from the Greek for without sun
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CBBBCE30FACCFBF5" box="[1275,1397,1086,1111]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">(an-helios)</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066540C106B170CF87CE6CFBCBFBD9" box="[199,1138,1122,1147]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA336CBC106B170CF87CE6CFBCBFBD9" blockId="60.[151,1436,222,1543]" box="[199,1138,1122,1147]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CF87CE6CFED9FBD9" bold="true" box="[199,352,1122,1147]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F30B765BC106B170CE27CE6CFE77FBD9" box="[359,462,1122,1147]" name="Australia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Australia</collectingCountry>
(with several species extending into southern New
<collectingCountry id="F30B765BC106B170CB50CE6CFBDFFBD9" box="[1040,1126,1122,1147]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Guinea</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066540C106B170CF87CE88FEBAF9A5" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA336CBC106B170CF87CE88FEBAF9A5" blockId="60.[151,1436,222,1543]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CF87CE88FE82FB3D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1158,1183]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Remarks.</emphasis>
The Australian members of this genus have been previously referred to as
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CBC8CE88FF62FB61" authority="Wallach 2006" authorityName="Wallach" authorityYear="2006" class="Reptilia" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Austrotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CBC8CE88FA89FB3D" box="[1160,1328,1158,1183]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Austrotyphlops</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3AC106B170CA7ECE88FF6AFB61" author="Wallach" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Wallach, V. (2006) The nomenclatural status of Australian Ramphotyphlops (Serpentes: Typhlopidae). Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society, 42, 8 - 24." type="journal article" year="2006">Wallach 2006</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, but this name is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CDDECEA4FD54FB61" box="[670,749,1194,1219]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CDDECEA4FD54FB61" box="[670,749,1194,1219]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Anilios</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3AC106B170CDBECEA4FBB3FB61" author="Wallach" box="[766,1034,1194,1219]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Wallach, V. &amp; Glaw, F. (2009) A new mid-altitude rainforest species of Typhlops (Serpentes: Typhlopidae) from Madagascar with notes on the taxonomic status of T. boettgeri Boulenger, T. microcephalus Werner, and T. capensis Rendahl. Zootaxa, 2294, 23 - 38." type="journal article" year="2009">Wallach &amp; Glaw, 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3AC106B170CB59CEA5FA8BFB61" author="Savage" box="[1049,1330,1194,1219]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Savage, J. M. &amp; Boundy, J. (2012) On the type species of the snake generic name Anilios Gray, 1845 (Serpentes: Typhlopidae). Herpetological Review, 43, 537 - 538." type="journal article" year="2012">Savage &amp; Boundy 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Species richness in this group is known to be underestimated by a large amount, based on molecular dataset examining 27 nominal species in
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE2CCEFCFD91FAA9" box="[364,552,1266,1291]" class="Reptilia" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Ramphotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CE2CCEFCFD91FAA9" box="[364,552,1266,1291]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ramphotyphlops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
finding at least 54 potential species (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3AC106B170CC84CEFCFB32FAA9" author="Marin" box="[964,1163,1266,1291]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Marin J., Donnellan, S. C., Hedges, S. B., Puillandre, N., Aplin, K. P., Doughty, P., Hutchinson, M. N., Couloux, A. &amp; Vidal, N. (2013) Hidden species diversity of Australian burrowing snakes (Ramphotyphlops). Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 110, 427 - 441. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12132" type="journal article" year="2013">
Marin
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CB51CEFAFBF1FAA9" box="[1041,1096,1266,1291]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). Note that
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3AC106B170CA4ACEFCFF58FA8D" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Hedges, S. B., Marion, A. B., Lipp, K. M., Marin, J. &amp; Vidal, N. (2014) A taxonomic framework for typhlopid snakes from the Caribbean and other regions (Reptilia, Squamata). Caribbean Herpetology, 49, 1 - 61." type="journal article">
Hedges
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CA24CEFAFA25FAA9" box="[1380,1436,1266,1291]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
(2014)
</bibRefCitation>
did not recognize the clearly valid species
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CD96CF19FC32FA8D" box="[726,907,1302,1327]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricaudus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CD96CF19FC32FA8D" box="[726,907,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. nigricaudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Wallach
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CB41CF19FB85FA8D" box="[1025,1084,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
2014; Table 1). Those authors separated
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CE47CF35FE58FAF1" box="[263,481,1338,1363]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polygrammicus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CE47CF35FE58FAF1" box="[263,481,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. polygrammicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into a separate, monotypic genus
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CC1FCF34FBBDFAF1" box="[863,1028,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Sundatyphlops</emphasis>
, forming the sister group of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CA05CF34FA2DFAF1" box="[1349,1428,1338,1363]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CA05CF34FA2DFAF1" box="[1349,1428,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Anilios</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CE50CF50FE0CFAD5" box="[272,437,1374,1399]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Sundatyphlops</emphasis>
cannot be unambiguously diagnosed morphologically (Table 2, 8), and this naming scheme does not increase the phylogenetic informativeness of the taxonomy due to monotypy. Thus, we formally propose to synonymize
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CEE1CFA8FDFFFA1D" box="[417,582,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Sundatyphlops</emphasis>
with
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CDC5CFA8FD65FA1D" box="[645,732,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CDC5CFA8FD61FA1D" box="[645,728,1446,1471]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Anilios</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Visceral anatomy does support the conclusion of
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3AC106B170CA49CFA8FF58FA41" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Hedges, S. B., Marion, A. B., Lipp, K. M., Marin, J. &amp; Vidal, N. (2014) A taxonomic framework for typhlopid snakes from the Caribbean and other regions (Reptilia, Squamata). Caribbean Herpetology, 49, 1 - 61." type="journal article">
Hedges
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CA24CFA9FA25FA1D" box="[1380,1436,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
(2014)
</bibRefCitation>
that Australo-Papuan populations of
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CDCDCFC5FC39FA41" box="[653,896,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
An. &quot;
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CD84CFC4FCCEFA41" box="[708,887,1482,1507]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polygrammicus">polygrammicus</taxonomicName>
&quot;
</emphasis>
are actually a separate species,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D48C106B170CBAECFC5FA22FA41" box="[1262,1435,1483,1507]" class="Squamata" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Anilios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torresianus">
<emphasis id="B968EAD9C106B170CBAECFC5FA22FA41" box="[1262,1435,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An. torresianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="C69E0370C106B170CFDECFE0FF4CF9A5" box="[158,245,1518,1543]" captionStart="TABLE 9" captionStartId="61.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 9. Visceral character states separating Anilios polygrammicus (An. poly.) from Anilios torresianus (An. torr.), based on measurement of the specimens in Appendix II (part). Characters are as follows: data in sections (A) - (D) represent sample means as % SVL; organ lengths (PT = posterior tip) are included in section (A); organ midpoints (MP) are listed in section (B); organ gaps (GAP) and intervals (INT) are compiled in section (C); organ midpoint intervals (MP-MP INT) are included in section (D); meristic values are listed in section (E); ratios of two characters listed in (F)." pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Table 9</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>