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<document id="74371AD223CFC04446FE5861262C8FCD" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5122.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399540" ID-ZooBank="EC13A69D-D6FA-4926-AC59-648A5626C9B9" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="karina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="karina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="karina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1648673390063" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chiquetto-Machado, Pedro I., Morales, Adriana C. &amp; Cancello, Eliana M." docDate="2022" docId="03B587AAFF96FF8CFF2AF993FD2DF001" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5122.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5122 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5122.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.18:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="18" docTitle="Paraphasma" docType="key" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="FF8CFFD2FFD5FFC8FFBDFFBAFFF5F63A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 (Phasmatodea, Pseudophasmatidae) based on phallic and external morphology" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="68" updateTime="1709044745404" updateUser="karina">
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<mods:title id="0DD8BCF2D360802D0E4352976F3991C3">Taxonomic revision of Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 (Phasmatodea, Pseudophasmatidae) based on phallic and external morphology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="90E88008F64785C3814A29F55A6D83CD">Chiquetto-Machado, Pedro I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="18D9082E9E39FF9EB47331A09B39A462">Morales, Adriana C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A4F93C59498D127D0DC61AB3B4F58FFC" type="email">adriana.morales@unesp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="602B185E55D0E5706FFB25B1084ED279">Cancello, Eliana M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9730F6009C0DF4787B229909B8590C97" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3125-6335</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F46F77D3E1A20BEDDC2C545FB59BB16B" type="email">ecancell@usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="08E43FF06D5B2CE6AE4A2E9D2F11CCE6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F8AA0B7A72EC9E12DE9161207636A1B8">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5F242359FB06A299A6A4A7927A6AF96D">5122</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="097452EA6337F74D2084883BFE372190">journal article</mods:classification>
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF96FF8BFF2AF993FDC3F07E" blockId="67.[151,566,1577,1604]" box="[151,566,1577,1604]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF96FF8BFF2AF993FDC3F07E" bold="true" box="[151,566,1577,1604]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
Key to the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF96FF8BFE20F993FDC3F07E" ID-CoL="8NWYD" baseAuthorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[413,566,1577,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF96FF8BFE20F993FDC3F07E" bold="true" box="[413,566,1577,1604]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Paraphasma</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF96FF8BFF2AF9CBFF2AF0B1" blockId="67.[151,1437,1649,2027]" box="[151,223,1649,1675]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF96FF8BFF2AF9CBFF2AF0B1" bold="true" box="[151,223,1649,1675]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Males</emphasis>
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<keyStep id="30E82E19FF96FF8BFF2AF928FA69F0D8" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF96FF8BFF2AF928FA69F0FF" blockId="67.[151,1437,1649,2027]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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1. Anterior region of subgenital plate with a pair of lateral projections, sometimes covered by tergite IX (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFB0CF928FAD5F09D" box="[1201,1312,1682,1704]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[152,1427,184,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-27@56.[152,1434,181,1214]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 41. Paraphasma trianguliferum (Redtenbacher, 1906), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399648" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399648/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 41B,D</figureCitation>
: arrows;
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFACBF928FEF9F0FF" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 45E</figureCitation>
: arrowhead)..................................................................................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF96FF8BFF2AF977FA69F0D8" blockId="67.[151,1437,1649,2027]" box="[151,1436,1741,1763]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF96FF8BFF2AF977FA69F0D8" box="[151,1436,1741,1763]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
- Anterior region of subgenital plate without lateral projections (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFC81F977FC8FF0D8" box="[828,890,1741,1763]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,745,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-302@12.[151,1435,741,1602]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraphasma conspersum Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad; Vo, vomer. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399548/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFC38F977FC67F0D8" box="[901,914,1741,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFC20F977FC42F0D8" box="[925,951,1741,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1037,1061]" captionTargetBox="[194,1391,181,1013]" captionTargetId="figure-27@24.[194,1393,181,1013]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 12. Paraphasma laterale (Fabricius, 1775), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Cerci, lateral view. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399572/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFC7CF977FC2EF0D8" box="[961,987,1741,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,1033,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-439@32.[151,1435,1029,1859]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 21. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399590/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">21</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFC58F977FC0AF0D8" box="[997,1023,1741,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,314,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-97@39.[150,1437,309,1338]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 27. Paraphasma minus Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399604/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">27</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFBB4F977FBD6F0D8" box="[1033,1059,1741,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,993,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-363@45.[151,1435,993,1883]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 31. Paraphasma sooretama Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399616" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399616/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">31</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFB90F977FBB3F0D9" box="[1069,1094,1741,1763]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">36</figureCitation>
).......................... 3
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<keyStep id="30E82E19FF96FF8BFF2AF950FA69F195" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF96FF8BFF2AF950FA69F100" blockId="67.[151,1437,1649,2027]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF96FF8BFF2AF950FA69F100" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
2. Tegmina with apical margin distinctly acuminate and shoulder pads developed into large, triangular, somewhat dull spines (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFAC8F950FF08F124" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1980,2004]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,736,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-230@55.[172,1415,734,1956]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 40. Paraphasma trianguliferum (Redtenbacher, 1906), male, lectotype (NHMW). A, B. Habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C. Anterior region of the body, dorsal view. D. Labels. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399644/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
); anterior region of subgenital plate with a pair of large, digitiform lateral projections surpassing the posterior margin of tergite IX (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFEF6F89FFE4EF100" box="[331,443,1829,1851]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[152,1427,184,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-27@56.[152,1434,181,1214]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 41. Paraphasma trianguliferum (Redtenbacher, 1906), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399648" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399648/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 41B,D</figureCitation>
: arrows); posterior margin of subgenital plate acuminate (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFC5BF89FFBA4F101" box="[998,1105,1829,1851]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[152,1427,184,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-27@56.[152,1434,181,1214]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 41. Paraphasma trianguliferum (Redtenbacher, 1906), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399648" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399648/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 41B,C</figureCitation>
)...
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF96FF8BFB2DF89FFA69F100" ID-CoL="8QQYV" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[1168,1436,1829,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trianguliferum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF96FF8BFB2DF89FFA69F100" box="[1168,1436,1829,1850]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Paraphasma trianguliferum</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF96FF8BFF2AF8F9FA69F195" blockId="67.[151,1437,1649,2027]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF96FF8BFF2AF8F9FA69F195" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
- Tegmina with apical margin rounded and shoulder pads developed into sharp spines (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFB94F8F8FB86F162" box="[1065,1139,1858,1880]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionTargetBox="[272,1317,203,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-43@61.[271,1317,199,1938]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 44. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, specimen MZUSP 0546. A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399658/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
); anterior region of subgenital plate with a pair of small, approximately styliform lateral projections entirely covered by tergite IX (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFB79F8DAFAE8F14F" box="[1220,1309,1887,1910]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 45E</figureCitation>
: arrowhead); posterior margin of subgenital plate truncate in lateral view and V-shaped in caudal view (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFBFFF8C7FB5AF1A9" box="[1090,1199,1917,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 45B,D</figureCitation>
)....................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF96FF8BFB7BF820FA69F195" ID-CoL="8QRK9" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[1222,1436,1946,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF96FF8BFB7BF820FA69F195" box="[1222,1436,1946,1967]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E82E19FF96FF8CFF2AF802FA69F73F" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF96FF8CFF2AF802FA69F697" blockId="67.[151,1437,1649,2027]" lastBlockId="68.[151,1437,151,994]" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF96FF8CFF2AF802FA69F697" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
3. Posterolateral regions of tergite X with a pair of spiniform projections (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFC1BF80DFBEBF1F7" box="[934,1054,1975,1997]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 36B–D</figureCitation>
: arrows); cerci strongly incurved, with acuminate apex (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFE38F86FFE08F1D1" box="[389,509,2005,2027]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 36A–D</figureCitation>
); posterior margin of subgenital plate acuminate (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF96FF8BFC64F86FFBB0F1D1" box="[985,1093,2005,2027]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 36B,C</figureCitation>
).....................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFBDDFF2DFABCF696" ID-CoL="9J58M" authority="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[1120,1353,151,172]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinicauda" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFBDDFF2DFABCF696" box="[1120,1353,151,172]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma spinicauda</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFAEDFF22FA69F697" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,152,173]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FF91FF8CFAEDFF22FA69F697" box="[1360,1436,152,173]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFF0FFA69F73F" blockId="68.[151,1437,151,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF91FF8CFF2AFF0FFA69F73F" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
- Tergite X without spiniform projections; cerci straight or slightly incurved, with spatulate apex (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFB26FF0FFB2EF6F0" box="[1179,1243,181,203]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,745,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-302@12.[151,1435,741,1602]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraphasma conspersum Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad; Vo, vomer. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399548/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFB55FF0FFB00F6F0" box="[1256,1269,181,202]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFABEFF0FFAE8F6F0" box="[1283,1309,181,202]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1037,1061]" captionTargetBox="[194,1391,181,1013]" captionTargetId="figure-27@24.[194,1393,181,1013]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 12. Paraphasma laterale (Fabricius, 1775), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Cerci, lateral view. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399572/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFA94FF0FFAB6F6F0" box="[1321,1347,181,202]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,1033,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-439@32.[151,1435,1029,1859]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 21. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399590/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">21</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFAF2FF0FFA9CF6F0" box="[1359,1385,181,202]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,314,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-97@39.[150,1437,309,1338]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 27. Paraphasma minus Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399604/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">27</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFACBFF0FFA65F6F1" box="[1398,1424,181,203]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,993,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-363@45.[151,1435,993,1883]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 31. Paraphasma sooretama Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399616" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399616/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">31</figureCitation>
); posterior margin of subgenital plate truncate, laterally forming a pair of approximately triangular expansions with malleable aspect (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE96FF55FE9DF73F" box="[299,360,239,261]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,745,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-302@12.[151,1435,741,1602]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraphasma conspersum Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad; Vo, vomer. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399548/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFECEFF4AFE75F73F" box="[371,384,240,261]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE36FF4AFE50F73F" box="[395,421,240,261]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1037,1061]" captionTargetBox="[194,1391,181,1013]" captionTargetId="figure-27@24.[194,1393,181,1013]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 12. Paraphasma laterale (Fabricius, 1775), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Cerci, lateral view. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399572/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE12FF4AFE3CF73F" box="[431,457,240,261]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,1033,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-439@32.[151,1435,1029,1859]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 21. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399590/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">21</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE6EFF4AFE18F73F" box="[467,493,240,261]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,314,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-97@39.[150,1437,309,1338]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 27. Paraphasma minus Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399604/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">27</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE4AFF4AFDE7F73F" box="[503,530,240,261]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,993,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-363@45.[151,1435,993,1883]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 31. Paraphasma sooretama Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399616" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399616/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">31</figureCitation>
: arrows)................................................................... 4
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<keyStep id="30E82E19FF91FF8CFF2AFEB7FA69F741" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFEB7FA69F77A" blockId="68.[151,1437,151,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF91FF8CFF2AFEB7FA69F77A" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
4. Apex of cerci internally concave (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFD98FEB7FD9AF718" box="[549,623,269,291]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1037,1061]" captionTargetBox="[194,1391,181,1013]" captionTargetId="figure-27@24.[194,1393,181,1013]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 12. Paraphasma laterale (Fabricius, 1775), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Cerci, lateral view. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399572/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFDC5FEB7FD67F719" box="[632,658,269,291]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,993,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-363@45.[151,1435,993,1883]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 31. Paraphasma sooretama Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399616" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399616/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">31</figureCitation>
); in the phallic organ, sclerite of the ventral lobe restricted to the central region of the inner face of the ventral lobe, bearing two rounded protuberances (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFC3BFE90FC25F705" box="[902,976,298,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1359,1383]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,182,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-22@25.[151,1435,181,1334]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 14. Paraphasma laterale (Fabricius, 1775), illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes; dark gray, sclerotized region of the dorsal lobe. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399576/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFC67FE90FC01F705" box="[986,1012,298,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1400,1424]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,200,1375]" captionTargetId="figure-27@46.[151,1435,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 32. Paraphasma sooretama Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes; dark gray, sclerotized region of the dorsal lobe. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 7)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399620" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399620/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">32</figureCitation>
, in green)......................... 5
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFEF2FA69F741" blockId="68.[151,1437,151,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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- Apex of cerci not concave (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE51FEFDFDDFF767" box="[492,554,327,349]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,745,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-302@12.[151,1435,741,1602]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraphasma conspersum Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad; Vo, vomer. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399548/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFD88FEF2FDB7F767" box="[565,578,328,349]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFDF3FEF2FD9DF767" box="[590,616,328,349]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,1033,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-439@32.[151,1435,1029,1859]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 21. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399590/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">21</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFDCFFEF2FD78F764" box="[626,653,328,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,314,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-97@39.[150,1437,309,1338]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 27. Paraphasma minus Redtenbacher, 1906, male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399604/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">27</figureCitation>
); in the phallic organ, sclerite of the ventral lobe covering the entire inner face of the ventral lobe and slightly reaching the outer face, bearing one to three protuberances (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFB89FEDFFB87F740" box="[1076,1138,357,379]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1449,1473]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,389,1410]" captionTargetId="figure-112@13.[151,1435,381,1425]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paraphasma conspersum Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view.Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399550/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFBC1FEDFFB7FF740" box="[1148,1162,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFB29FEDFFB5BF740" box="[1172,1198,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,187,1117]" captionTargetId="figure-22@33.[151,1435,181,1121]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 22. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; rp, right basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399592/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFB05FEDFFB27F740" box="[1208,1234,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,184,1211]" captionTargetId="figure-27@40.[151,1435,181,1213]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 28. Paraphasma minus Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; rp, right basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 6)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399608/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">28</figureCitation>
, in green)....... 6
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5. In the phallic organ, sclerite of the ventral lobe roughly oval in dorsal view, with the right protuberance directed anteriorly and the left one directed caudally (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFDBBFE25FDB9F78F" box="[518,588,415,437]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1359,1383]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,182,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-22@25.[151,1435,181,1334]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 14. Paraphasma laterale (Fabricius, 1775), illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes; dark gray, sclerotized region of the dorsal lobe. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399576/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
, in green).............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFB6CFE25FA68F78E" ID-CoL="8QQJS" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1233,1437,415,436]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFB6CFE25FA68F78E" box="[1233,1437,415,436]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma laterale</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFE07FA69F7D5" blockId="68.[151,1437,151,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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- In the phallic organ, sclerite of the ventral lobe oblong in dorsal view, with the two protuberances positioned side by side and projected towards each other (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFDB9FE60FDBFF7D5" box="[516,586,474,496]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1400,1424]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,200,1375]" captionTargetId="figure-27@46.[151,1435,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 32. Paraphasma sooretama Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes; dark gray, sclerotized region of the dorsal lobe. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 7)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399620" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399620/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
, in green)....................................
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<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFBD9FE60FABCF7CA" box="[1124,1353,474,496]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma sooretama</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FF91FF8CFAEDFE60FA69F7D5" box="[1360,1436,474,495]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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6. Tegmina shoulder pads spiniform or dull; in the phallic organ, sclerite of the ventral lobe bearing three protuberances (i.e., apical, left basal and right basal protuberances), all of them undivided (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFC30FDAFFC2DF410" box="[909,984,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,187,1117]" captionTargetId="figure-22@33.[151,1435,181,1121]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 22. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; rp, right basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399592/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFC5FFDAFFC08F410" box="[994,1021,533,554]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,184,1211]" captionTargetId="figure-27@40.[151,1435,181,1213]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 28. Paraphasma minus Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; rp, right basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 6)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399608/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">28</figureCitation>
: ap, lp, rp)........................ 7
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFD89FA69F45F" blockId="68.[151,1437,151,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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- Tegmina shoulder pads spiniform; in the phallic organ, sclerite of the ventral lobe bearing one or two protuberances (right basal protuberance absent) (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE05FDF5FE06F45F" box="[440,499,591,613]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1449,1473]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,389,1410]" captionTargetId="figure-112@13.[151,1435,381,1425]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paraphasma conspersum Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view.Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399550/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
: ap, lp;
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFD82FDF5FD8FF45F" box="[575,634,591,613]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
: lp), with the left basal one partially or completely divided in two............ 8
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7. Tegmina shoulder pads spiniform or dull; in the phallic organ, sclerite of the ventral lobe roughly triangular in dorsal view, with somewhat acuminate posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFDE3FD30FD40F49A" box="[606,693,650,672]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,184,1211]" captionTargetId="figure-27@40.[151,1435,181,1213]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 28. Paraphasma minus Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; rp, right basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 6)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399608/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 28B</figureCitation>
), and with the three protuberances blunt and conspicuous (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFB57FD30FAC7F4A5" box="[1258,1330,650,672]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,184,1211]" captionTargetId="figure-27@40.[151,1435,181,1213]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 28. Paraphasma minus Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; rp, right basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 6)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399608/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
: ap, lp, rp)....................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFB5FFD1DFA69F487" ID-CoL="75QVB" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[1250,1436,679,701]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFB5FFD1DFA69F487" box="[1250,1436,679,701]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma minus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFD7FFA69F508" blockId="68.[151,1437,151,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF91FF8CFF2AFD7FFA69F508" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
- Tegmina shoulder pads dull; in the phallic organ, sclerite of the ventral lobe roughly semicircular in dorsal view, with rounded posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE33FD58FE13F4C2" box="[398,486,738,760]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,187,1117]" captionTargetId="figure-22@33.[151,1435,181,1121]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 22. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; rp, right basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399592/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 22B</figureCitation>
), and with the three protuberances as follows: apical protuberance large and rounded (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFA98FD58FA9BF4CD" box="[1317,1390,738,760]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,187,1117]" captionTargetId="figure-22@33.[151,1435,181,1121]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 22. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; rp, right basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399592/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
: ap), left basal one strongly protruding (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFD92FD45FD82F52F" box="[559,631,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,187,1117]" captionTargetId="figure-22@33.[151,1435,181,1121]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 22. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; rp, right basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399592/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
: lp), and right basal one inconspicuous, restricted to a gentle bulge (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFAB9FD45FAB9F52F" box="[1284,1356,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,187,1117]" captionTargetId="figure-22@33.[151,1435,181,1121]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 22. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; rp, right basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399592/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
: rp)...................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFB07FCA7FA69F508" ID-CoL="4D7XT" authorityName=", Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[1210,1436,797,818]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginale">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFB07FCA7FA69F508" box="[1210,1436,797,818]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma marginale</emphasis>
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<keyStep id="30E82E19FF91FF8CFF2AFC80FA69F5D8" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFC80FA68F5B1" blockId="68.[151,1437,151,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF91FF8CFF2AFC80FA68F5B1" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
8. In the phallic organ, sclerite of the ventral lobe bearing two protuberances: the apical one, which is narrow and elongate (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFAC8FC80FF04F557" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1449,1473]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,389,1410]" captionTargetId="figure-112@13.[151,1435,381,1425]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paraphasma conspersum Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view.Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399550/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
: ap), and the left basal one, which is rounded and partially divided in two (approximately saddle-shaped) (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFB50FCEDFADCF557" box="[1261,1321,855,877]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1449,1473]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,389,1410]" captionTargetId="figure-112@13.[151,1435,381,1425]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paraphasma conspersum Redtenbacher, 1906, illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view.Abbreviations: ap, apical protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399550/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
: lp)....................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFB14FCCFFA68F5B1" ID-CoL="4D7XN" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[1193,1437,885,907]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFB14FCCFFA68F5B1" box="[1193,1437,885,907]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma conspersum</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFC29FA69F5D8" blockId="68.[151,1437,151,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF91FF8CFF2AFC29FA69F5D8" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
- In the phallic organ, sclerite of the ventral lobe bearing only the left basal protuberance (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFB84FC28FB80F59D" box="[1081,1141,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
: lp), which is divided into two regions, the anterior larger and approximately lamellate, and the posterior small and rounded...................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFBEFFC77FABFF5D8" ID-CoL="9J57Y" authority="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[1106,1354,973,994]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFBEFFC77FABFF5D8" box="[1106,1354,973,994]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma indistinctum</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFAEDFC77FA69F5D8" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,973,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FF91FF8CFAEDFC77FA69F5D8" box="[1360,1436,973,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFBABFF0CF211" blockId="68.[151,1437,1041,1595]" box="[151,249,1041,1067]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFF2AFBABFF0CF211" bold="true" box="[151,249,1041,1067]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Females</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<key id="FF8D618DFF91FF8CFF2AFB88FD2DF001" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<keyStep id="30E82E19FF91FF8CFF2AFB88FA69F2A5" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFB88FA69F25F" blockId="68.[151,1437,1041,1595]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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1. Praeopercular organ strongly pronounced, developed into a distinct bulge with blunt apex, sometimes surpassing the posterior margin of sternite VII (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE7DFBF5FDDAF25C" box="[448,559,1103,1126]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 38G,H</figureCitation>
)............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFBDDFBF5FABCF25E" ID-CoL="9J58M" authority="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[1120,1353,1103,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinicauda" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFBDDFBF5FABCF25E" box="[1120,1353,1103,1124]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma spinicauda</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFAEDFBEAFA69F25F" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1104,1125]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FF91FF8CFAEDFBEAFA69F25F" box="[1360,1436,1104,1125]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFBD7FA69F2A5" blockId="68.[151,1437,1041,1595]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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- Praeopercular organ fairly discreet (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFDFAFBD7FD5DF2B9" box="[583,680,1133,1155]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,310,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-81@14.[151,1435,308,1833]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paraphasma conspersum Redtenbacher, 1906, female, lectotype (NHMW). A, B. Habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (C) and dorsal (D) views. E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. H. Labels. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399552/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 5F,G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFD08FBD7FD07F2B8" box="[693,754,1133,1154]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,182,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-27@34.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 23. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, female, paralectotype (NHMW). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. H. Labels.Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Arrow = anterodorsal carina of profemur. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399594" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399594/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">23F,G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFD42FBD7FCDEF2B8" box="[767,811,1133,1154]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[197,1390,182,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-22@47.[197,1390,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 33. Paraphasma sooretama Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female. A–D. Paratype DZUP 380003, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), lateral (F) and ventral (G) views. H. Labels of paratype DZUP 380003. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399622/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">33G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFC8AFBD7FC80F2B9" box="[823,885,1133,1155]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">47F,G</figureCitation>
), developed into a small, longitudinal protuberance not surpassing the posterior margin of sternite VII.............................................................. 2
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<keyStep id="30E82E19FF91FF8CFF2AFB12FA69F375" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFB12FA69F2CD" blockId="68.[151,1437,1041,1595]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF91FF8CFF2AFB12FA69F2CD" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
2. Tegmina with apical margin distinctly acuminate and shoulder pads developed into large, triangular, somewhat dull spines (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFAC8FB1DFEDEF2E1" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,188,1846]" captionTargetId="figure-27@58.[151,1435,181,1846]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 42. Paraphasma trianguliferum (Redtenbacher, 1906), female, paralectotype (NHMW). A, B. Habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C. Anterior region of the body, dorsal view. D. Labels. E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), lateral (F) and ventral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399650" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399650/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 42A–C</figureCitation>
); combined length of metathorax and median segment about 2.5x the length of mesothorax..................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFB2DFB58FA69F2CD" ID-CoL="8QQYV" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[1168,1436,1250,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trianguliferum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFB2DFB58FA69F2CD" box="[1168,1436,1250,1271]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma trianguliferum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFABAFA69F375" blockId="68.[151,1437,1041,1595]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF91FF8CFF2AFABAFA69F375" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
- Tegmina with apical margin rounded or weakly acuminate and shoulder pads developed into sharp spines or dull protuberances (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFF54FAA7FEA6F309" box="[233,339,1309,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,310,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-81@14.[151,1435,308,1833]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paraphasma conspersum Redtenbacher, 1906, female, lectotype (NHMW). A, B. Habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (C) and dorsal (D) views. E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. H. Labels. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399552/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 5C,D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFEDCFAA7FE79F308" box="[353,396,1309,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,183,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@20.[196,1392,181,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (MZUSP 0153). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), ventral (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399566/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">10D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE26FAA7FE32F308" box="[411,455,1309,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,182,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-27@34.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 23. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, female, paralectotype (NHMW). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. H. Labels.Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Arrow = anterodorsal carina of profemur. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399594" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399594/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">23D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFE69FAA7FE0AF308" box="[468,511,1309,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1592]" captionTargetId="figure-22@41.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 29. Paraphasma minus Redtenbacher, 1906, female, holotype (NHMW). A, B. Habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. D. Labels. E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399610" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399610/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">29C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFDB1FAA7FDCDF308" box="[524,568,1309,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[197,1390,182,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-22@47.[197,1390,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 33. Paraphasma sooretama Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female. A–D. Paratype DZUP 380003, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), lateral (F) and ventral (G) views. H. Labels of paratype DZUP 380003. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399622/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">33D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFDFBFAA7FD86F309" box="[582,627,1309,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">47D</figureCitation>
); combined length of metathorax and median segment at most 2x the length of mesothorax......................................................................................... 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E82E19FF91FF8CFF2AFAE2FD2DF001" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFAE2FA69F39D" blockId="68.[151,1437,1041,1595]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF91FF8CFF2AFAE2FA69F39D" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
3. Posterior margin of sternite VII straight; tegmina shoulder pads spiniform (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFC06FAEDFBD8F354" box="[955,1069,1367,1390]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 47A,D</figureCitation>
); body lacking the pair of light lateral stripes extending along head, prothorax, mesothorax and costal region of tegmina and hind wings (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFB2BFACFFAFAF3B0" box="[1174,1295,1397,1419]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 47A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFAA4FACFFAC7F3B1" box="[1305,1330,1397,1419]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="66.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-27@66.[157,1430,181,1914]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 49. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), live male from Manaus (Amazonas, Brazil). Habitus (A) and anterior region of the body (B) in dorsolateral view. Images provided by Raphael Heleodoro." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399676/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">49</figureCitation>
).........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFB7BFA28FA69F39D" ID-CoL="8QRK9" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[1222,1436,1426,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFB7BFA28FA69F39D" box="[1222,1436,1426,1447]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF91FF8CFF2AFA0AFD2DF001" blockId="68.[151,1437,1041,1595]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="30ED9589FF91FF8CFF2AFA0AFD2DF001" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
- Posterior margin of sternite VII with a rounded indentation; tegmina shoulder pads spiniform or dull; body with a pair of light lateral stripes extending along head, prothorax, mesothorax and costal region of tegmina and hind wings (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFB68FA77FADAF3D9" box="[1237,1327,1485,1507]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[212,1375,183,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-27@26.[212,1375,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Paraphasma laterale (Fabricius, 1775), female. A–C. Specimen MZUSP 0584, habitus, dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views. D–F. Terminalia, dorsal (D), ventral (E) and lateral (F) views. G. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399578/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 15C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFA84FA77FA90F3D8" box="[1337,1381,1485,1506]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1270]" captionTargetId="figure-22@29.[151,1435,181,1270]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 19. Paraphasma laterale (Fabricius, 1775), live specimens. A. Adult female from Jardim Alviverde (São Paulo, Brazil), dorsolateral habitus. B. Last-instar male nymph from São Sebastião (São Paulo, Brazil), lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399586" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399586/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">19A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFAD3FA77FA6DF3D8" box="[1390,1432,1485,1506]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,182,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-27@34.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 23. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, female, paralectotype (NHMW). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. H. Labels.Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Arrow = anterodorsal carina of profemur. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399594" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399594/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">23B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFF5FFA50FF09F03A" box="[226,252,1514,1536]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[239,1348,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-27@36.[239,1348,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 25. Paraphasma marginale Redtenbacher, 1906, live specimens. A. Adult male from Alto Paraíso de Goiás (Goiás, Brazil), dorsolateral habitus. B–D.Adult female from Delfinópolis (Minas Gerais, Brazil), lateral habitus (B) and anterior region of the body in dorsal (C) and dorsolateral (D) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399598/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">25</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FF91FF8CFEBBFA50FEB3F03A" box="[262,326,1514,1536]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[197,1390,182,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-22@47.[197,1390,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 33. Paraphasma sooretama Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female. A–D. Paratype DZUP 380003, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), lateral (F) and ventral (G) views. H. Labels of paratype DZUP 380003. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399622/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">33B,D</figureCitation>
).........................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFCF0FA50FBB4F03A" ID-CoL="4D7XN" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[845,1089,1514,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFCF0FA50FBB4F03A" box="[845,1089,1514,1536]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma conspersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFBF1FA50FAB1F3C5" ID-CoL="9J57Y" authority="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[1100,1348,1514,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFBF1FA50FAB1F3C5" box="[1100,1348,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma indistinctum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFAF7FA50FA63F3C5" bold="true" box="[1354,1430,1514,1535]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FF91FF8CFAF7FA50FA63F3C5" box="[1354,1430,1514,1535]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFF5FF9BDFE5BF026" ID-CoL="8QQJS" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[226,430,1543,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFF5FF9BDFE5BF026" box="[226,430,1543,1564]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma laterale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFE04F9BDFD69F026" ID-CoL="4D7XT" authorityName=", Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[441,668,1543,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginale">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFE04F9BDFD69F026" box="[441,668,1543,1564]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma marginale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFD15F9BDFC94F027" ID-CoL="75QVB" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[680,865,1543,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFD15F9BDFC94F027" box="[680,865,1543,1565]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma minus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF91FF8CFCD3F9BDFBA7F027" ID-CoL="9J59R" authority="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[878,1106,1543,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sooretama" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFCD3F9BDFBA7F027" box="[878,1106,1543,1565]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paraphasma sooretama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF91FF8CFBE4F9B2FB50F027" bold="true" box="[1113,1189,1544,1565]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FF91FF8CFBE4F9B2FB50F027" box="[1113,1189,1544,1565]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(examination of the male is necessary for distinguishing among these species)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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