treatments-xml/data/03/96/6A/03966A560F61C761BABF889DB06AF9B9.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

299 lines
32 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="E5A597B021868823D209C7A17B96FBE3" ID-CLB-Dataset="235222" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43227427-a867-4744-9e4c-2b2302524890" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7704190" ID-ZooBank="3326BF76-A2FB-4244-BA4C-D0AF81F55637" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1678178331427" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Nava, Santiago &amp; Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2023" docId="03966A560F61C761BABF889DB06AF9B9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5251.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5251 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ixodes caledonicus Nuttall 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFAF122E0F6BC76BBA288B32B56EFFCC" masterDocTitle="Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1699476275219" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="86F2C07531888346FB883D8F739717F9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="2441EBEC4369F68A418F1E9F9D21FBBC">
<mods:title id="F06E3A0C6A6F88C36A22776F59441167">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="CB2F69BA8CC663A8DB250FD3CDA5D759" type="personal">
<mods:role id="ED05A88CAEA0903375B1A7291FE2F532">
<mods:roleTerm id="B084658C3F5F484E8CE5A7DB3259A8A2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7FDDEEC65C9CBA652D657DA3014822F2">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0C0402CBE70F1E57ACDFEF3DEB7FC78B" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5430-2889</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="98E2C873F5BD86D5433A7989A6073B11" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5858D089ABF18D4A4158AF505683D9C9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8427DE2AB6D7D1AC53840E2A542C7B6E">
<mods:roleTerm id="24DE3401BFCB4AF81FF18E415BA361A7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3A720DAFF0AC902F7BF16FE3960ACDB4">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4928BDF83FC3950564B76F28B014011D" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7791-4239</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="23E5A39A991CD0ADE2E1931D62035C65" type="email">nava.santiago@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2B18C7E1234F686B020B433135B7E615" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1DCE834BCE1EC2D610292AE20C5AC39E">
<mods:roleTerm id="08A2F5E5116FDBF16A7AB8DBE14114E8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D49C7A334379CD8C3839B4068C05328A">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="76337AB4352D429195737648CFFB8607" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2443-5271</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C2F93B75D442F725DAA0D9E0DB871287" type="email">robbinsrg@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="82BB3A2E6A57FAD6DFE0CBA675F34BE2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="6702C0DBB11F25245500C19D7EC50907" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="325827E15B8A103189A90AA30DBD35FE">
<mods:title id="7EAA0E18E451F8634B5B092176EF691E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="40AF7E596A75133AD113F004B2B6A63A">
<mods:date id="5C3C936624774AB206C7867F2D5D69C7">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="5BD9AC457B6ACDEAED0ACC3DCEC78D56" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A406AC732F2492EB2B8C15091E76B5DC">2023-03-07</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="49061472FD2CB8CA674A582DC4AFC39D" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0422F8A7242EB47B679BFCEB4DA22AC0">5251</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A3B4FD92C6065615976F62E6FFD432D2" type="issue">
<mods:number id="B76989B79AC4FF5AFA74C25FCB33DAC6">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="28944EE39F20D7C83FEAC58BD28E8643" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E4822592694C657D37676978D55AA83C">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="BD12F6A1971FB5B48DD34A40CC025621">274</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="2A22189F58FD2AB863437B7C5D230E3B">
<mods:url id="A47C175075021873FCA873356E7A02F8">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="E95F554F3E4594138E5A5AD3F869EC22">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="93CF58D5E44A3E5DDEEE4EB96F43B66C" type="CLB-Dataset">235222</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1F39DE082EEE5B9D4BFCB28D89DD68C0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="952FFA6D33623F6E8CAFC56CE90C3E24" type="GBIF-Dataset">43227427-a867-4744-9e4c-2b2302524890</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DE37B659CF0AEDA368440E7828044243" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EBF7826DBD4AD51E78E20F8129CFB5E2" type="Zenodo-Dep">7704190</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B933D88FED9FB465FD57E8CB0C431FC5" type="ZooBank">3326BF76-A2FB-4244-BA4C-D0AF81F55637</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03966A560F61C761BABF889DB06AF9B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7709283" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449328" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7709283" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F61C761BABF889DB06AF9B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F61C761BABF889DB06AF9B9" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F61C761BABF889DB750FC05" box="[151,574,942,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F61C761BABF889DB750FC05" blockId="10.[151,1437,942,1653]" box="[151,574,942,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BABF889DB5D5FC05" bold="true" box="[151,187,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">40.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BAE9889CB754FC05" ID-CoL="3QGB3" authority="Nuttall, 1910" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[193,570,942,969]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BAE9889CB4F3FC05" bold="true" box="[193,413,942,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BB8B889DB754FC05" author="Nuttall, G. H. F." box="[419,570,943,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="408 - 416" refId="ref237345" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. (1910) New species of ticks (Ixodes, Amblyomma, Rhipicephalus). Parasitology, 3, 408 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000002249" type="journal article" year="1910">Nuttall, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F61C761B86D889DB6ACFB95" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F61C761B86D889DB6ACFB95" blockId="10.[151,1437,942,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Palearctic: 1) Azerbaijan, 2)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9AC889DB681FC05" box="[900,1007,943,969]" name="Denmark" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Denmark</collectingCountry>
, 3)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE30889DB109FC05" box="[1048,1127,943,969]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">France</collectingCountry>
, 4)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BEB8889DB197FC05" box="[1168,1273,943,969]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
, 5)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BF0A889DB5D2FC21" name="United Kingdom" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
, 6)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BACD88E1B454FC21" box="[229,314,979,1005]" name="Iceland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Iceland</collectingCountry>
, 7)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BB4C88E1B4D8FC21" box="[356,438,979,1005]" name="Ireland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ireland</collectingCountry>
, 8)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BBF788E1B77DFC21" box="[479,531,979,1005]" name="Italy" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Italy</collectingCountry>
, 9)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B81488E1B7D1FC21" box="[572,703,979,1005]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
, 10)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B8DF88E1B631FC21" box="[759,863,979,1005]" name="Morocco" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Morocco</collectingCountry>
, 11)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9BD88E1B69EFC21" box="[917,1008,979,1005]" name="Norway" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Norway</collectingCountry>
, 12)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE0F88E1B116FC21" box="[1063,1144,979,1005]" name="Poland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Poland</collectingCountry>
, 13)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE8788E1B193FC21" box="[1199,1277,979,1005]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Russia</collectingCountry>
, 14)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BF1B88E1B0F6FC21" box="[1331,1432,979,1005]" name="Slovenia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Slovenia</collectingCountry>
, 15)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BAEF88C5B44CFBDD" box="[199,290,1015,1041]" name="Sweden" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sweden</collectingCountry>
, 16)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BB4888C5B487FBDD" box="[352,489,1015,1041]" name="Switzerland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
, 17)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B80D88C5B7F8FBDD" box="[549,662,1015,1041]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
, 18)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B8FC88C5B640FBDD" box="[724,814,1015,1041]" name="Ukraine" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
(Bailly-Choumara
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BE2688C5B127FBDD" box="[1038,1097,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
1980,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BEB488C5B5BCFBF9" author="Morel, P. C. &amp; Aeschlimann, A." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="23 - 27" refId="ref232258" refString="Morel, P. C. &amp; Aeschlimann, A. (1983) Presence en Suisse d'un Scaphixodes (Acarina, Ixodoidea) sur Prunella collaris. Bulletin de la Societe Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles, 106, 23 - 27." type="journal article" year="1983">Morel &amp; Aeschlimann 1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BAF58F29B4E9FBF9" author="Tovornik, D." box="[221,391,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="77 - 108" refId="ref259758" refString="Tovornik, D. (1990) The significance of the birds (Aves) as the hosts and disseminators of ixodid ticks (Yugoslavia). Biologii Vestnik, 38, 77 - 108." type="journal article" year="1990">Tovornik 1990</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BBBB8F29B701FBF9" author="Jaenson, T. G. T. &amp; Talleklint, L. &amp; Lundqvist, L. &amp; Olsen, B. &amp; Chirico, J. &amp; Mejlon, H." box="[403,623,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="240 - 256" refId="ref211767" refString="Jaenson, T. G. T., Talleklint, L., Lundqvist, L., Olsen, B., Chirico, J. &amp; Mejlon, H. (1994) Geographical distribution, host associations, and vector roles of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae, Argasidae) in Sweden. Journal of Medical Entomology, 31, 240 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 31.2.240" type="journal article" year="1994">
Jaenson
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BBDC8F29B743FBF9" box="[500,557,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
1994
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761B8538F29B632FBF9" author="Cringoli, G. &amp; Iori, A. &amp; Rinaldi, L. &amp; Veneziano, V. &amp; Genchi, C." box="[635,860,1050,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref185591" refString="Cringoli, G., Iori, A., Rinaldi, L., Veneziano, V. &amp; Genchi, C. (2005) Zecche. Mappe Parassitologiche, 5, 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="2005">
Cringoli
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B8C88F29B677FBF9" box="[736,793,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761B9408F29B168FBF9" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[872,1030,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref221361" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (2009) Fauna of ixodid ticks of the world. https: // archive. is / CtZk. Last accessed February 11, 2022." type="url" year="2009">Kolonin 2009</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BE3A8F29B1D0FBF9" author="Fedorova, S. J." box="[1042,1214,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="127 - 133" refId="ref193866" refString="Fedorova, S. J. (2012) Ticks (Parasitiformes: Ixodidae) of Kyrgyzstan: biodiversity and epidemiologic role. Izvestiya Vuzov, (6) 127 - 133. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2012">Fedorova 2012</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BEE28F29B477FB95" author="Nowak-Chmura, M. &amp; Siuda, K." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="125 - 155" refId="ref237187" refString="Nowak-Chmura, M. &amp; Siuda, K. (2012) Ticks of Poland. Review of contemporary issues and latest research. Annals of Parasitology, 58, 125 - 155." type="journal article" year="2012">Nowak-Chmura &amp; Siuda 2012</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BB0C8F0DB499FB95" author="Richter, S. H. &amp; Eydal, M. &amp; Skirnisson, K. &amp; Olafsson, E." box="[292,503,1087,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="3 - 10" refId="ref246215" refString="Richter, S. H., Eydal, M., Skirnisson, K. &amp; Olafsson, E. (2013) Tick species (Ixodida) identified in Iceland. Icelandic Agricultural Sciences, 26, 3 - 10." type="journal article" year="2013">
Richter
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB558F0DB4D8FB95" box="[381,438,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761B82A8F0DB679FB95" author="Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Mihalca, A. D. &amp; Petney, T. N." box="[514,791,1087,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref192886" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. &amp; Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
Estrada-Peña
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B8B58F0DB7BBFB95" box="[669,725,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761B90A8F0DB6D8FB95" author="Tsapko, N. V." box="[802,950,1087,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="351 - 352" refId="ref260332" refString="Tsapko, N. V. (2020) A checklist of the ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Russia. Parazitologiya, 51, 351 - 352. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2020">Tsapko 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F61C761BAEF8F51B06AF9B9" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F61C761BAEF8F51B799FAC1" blockId="10.[151,1437,942,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
There are difficulties attending the identification of
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B90E8F51B16EFBB1" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[806,1024,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B90E8F51B16EFBB1" box="[806,1024,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BE6D8F51B0F2FBB1" author="Morel, P. C. &amp; Aeschlimann, A." box="[1093,1436,1123,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="23 - 27" refId="ref232258" refString="Morel, P. C. &amp; Aeschlimann, A. (1983) Presence en Suisse d'un Scaphixodes (Acarina, Ixodoidea) sur Prunella collaris. Bulletin de la Societe Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles, 106, 23 - 27." type="journal article" year="1983">Morel &amp; Aeschlimann (1983)</bibRefCitation>
stressed the problems involved in morphologically separating
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B9758FB5B15BFB6D" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[861,1077,1159,1185]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B9758FB5B15BFB6D" box="[861,1077,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BE6D8FB5B19EFB6D" authorityName="Birula" authorityYear="1895" box="[1093,1264,1159,1185]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berlesei">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BE6D8FB5B19EFB6D" box="[1093,1264,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes berlesei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BF028FB5B586FB08" authorityName="Olenev" authorityYear="1929" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semenovi">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BF028FB5B586FB08" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes semenovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(under the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BB9D8F99B72FFB09" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1941" box="[437,577,1195,1221]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Scaphixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB9D8F99B72FFB09" box="[437,577,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scaphixodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761B8718F99B611FB09" author="Guglielmone, A. A. &amp; Petney, T. N. &amp; Robbins, R. G." box="[601,895,1195,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 322" refId="ref199904" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Petney, T. N. &amp; Robbins, R. G. (2020) Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019. Zootaxa, 4871, 1 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4871.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
Guglielmone
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B8DB8F99B643FB09" box="[755,813,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2020)
</bibRefCitation>
noted that authors differ in their morphological definition of
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BB028FFDB76FFB25" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[298,513,1231,1257]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB028FFDB76FFB25" box="[298,513,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, stating that additional studies are needed to support the conspecificity of populations of
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BADB8FC1B4A7FAC1" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[243,457,1267,1293]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BADB8FC1B4A7FAC1" box="[243,457,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
over this tick´s vast range.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F61C761BAEF8E25B065F9C5" blockId="10.[151,1437,942,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BAEF8E25B77BFAFD" author="Morel, P. C. &amp; Aeschlimann, A." box="[199,533,1303,1329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="23 - 27" refId="ref232258" refString="Morel, P. C. &amp; Aeschlimann, A. (1983) Presence en Suisse d'un Scaphixodes (Acarina, Ixodoidea) sur Prunella collaris. Bulletin de la Societe Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles, 106, 23 - 27." type="journal article" year="1983">Morel &amp; Aeschlimann (1983)</bibRefCitation>
treated their record of
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B9328E25B69FFAFD" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[794,1009,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B9328E25B69FFAFD" box="[794,1009,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE1E8E25B1D2FAFD" box="[1078,1212,1303,1329]" name="Switzerland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
as provisional.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BF478E25B43FFA99" author="Petney, T. N. &amp; Pfaffle, M. &amp; Skuballa, J." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="115 - 170" refId="ref242893" refString="Petney, T. N., Pfaffle, M. &amp; Skuballa, J. (2012) An annotated checklist of the ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Germany. Systematic &amp; Applied Acarology, 17, 115 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 17.2.2" type="journal article" year="2012">
Petney
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BAEF8E09B591FA99" box="[199,255,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
regarded
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BBE88E09B746FA99" box="[448,552,1339,1365]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
as outside the range of
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B91B8E09B167FA99" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[819,1033,1339,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B91B8E09B167FA99" box="[819,1033,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and doubted its presence in
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BF6F8E09B0F6FA99" box="[1351,1432,1339,1365]" name="Poland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Poland</collectingCountry>
, while
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BAF58E6DB4DAFAB5" author="Rubel, F. &amp; Brugger, K. &amp; Chitimia-Dobler, L. &amp; Meyer-Kayser, E. &amp; Dautel, H. &amp; Kahl, O." box="[221,436,1375,1401]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="183 - 214" refId="ref248704" refString="Rubel, F., Brugger, K., Chitimia-Dobler, L., Meyer-Kayser, E., Dautel, H. &amp; Kahl, O. (2021) Atlas of ticks (Acari: Argasidae, Ixodidae) in Germany. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 84, 183 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 021 - 00619 - 1" type="journal article" year="2021">
Rubel
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB008E6DB40FFAB5" box="[296,353,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2021)
</bibRefCitation>
also did not include this tick as found in
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9A38E6DB69BFAB5" box="[907,1013,1375,1401]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
. However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BE5D8E6DB0F2FAB5" author="Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Mihalca, A. D. &amp; Petney, T. N." box="[1141,1436,1375,1401]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref192886" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. &amp; Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
Estrada-Peña
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BF398E6DB024FAB5" box="[1297,1354,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
included
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BB288EB1B420FA51" box="[256,334,1411,1437]" name="Poland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Poland</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BBAF8EB1B481FA51" box="[391,495,1411,1437]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
as well as
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B8588EB1B669FA51" box="[624,775,1411,1437]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B93B8EB1B615FA51" box="[787,891,1411,1437]" name="Denmark" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Denmark</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B99D8EB1B686FA51" box="[949,1000,1411,1437]" name="Italy" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Italy</collectingCountry>
within their restricted range of
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BF7B8EB1B473FA0D" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BF7B8EB1B473FA0D" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Europe, together with northern Africa, which contrasts with the geographic distribution presented here.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BAFD8EF9B4D3FA29" author="Jaenson, T. G. T. &amp; Talleklint, L. &amp; Lundqvist, L. &amp; Olsen, B. &amp; Chirico, J. &amp; Mejlon, H." box="[213,445,1483,1509]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="240 - 256" refId="ref211767" refString="Jaenson, T. G. T., Talleklint, L., Lundqvist, L., Olsen, B., Chirico, J. &amp; Mejlon, H. (1994) Geographical distribution, host associations, and vector roles of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae, Argasidae) in Sweden. Journal of Medical Entomology, 31, 240 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 31.2.240" type="journal article" year="1994">
Jaenson
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB1C8EF9B402FA29" box="[308,364,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(1994)
</bibRefCitation>
also listed
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B8128EF9B67EFA29" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[570,784,1483,1509]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B8128EF9B67EFA29" box="[570,784,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a tick found in
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9F48EF9B12BFA29" box="[988,1093,1483,1509]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
, a country that is provisionally included within the range of
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BBF28EDDB7DEF9C5" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[474,688,1519,1545]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BBF28EDDB7DEF9C5" box="[474,688,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
along with
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B91D8EDDB6CEF9C5" box="[821,928,1519,1545]" name="Denmark" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Denmark</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9838EDDB12FF9C5" box="[939,1089,1519,1545]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE648EDDB111F9C5" box="[1100,1151,1519,1545]" name="Italy" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Italy</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE9E8EDDB069F9C5" box="[1206,1287,1519,1545]" name="Poland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Poland</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F61C761BAF88D21B06AF9B9" blockId="10.[151,1437,942,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BAF88D21B49CF9E1" author="Sukhiashvili, R. &amp; Zhgenti, E. &amp; Khmaladze, E. &amp; Burjanadze, I. &amp; Imnadze, P. &amp; Jiang, J. &amp; Joh, E. &amp; Farris, C. M. &amp; Gallagher, T. &amp; Obiso, R. J. &amp; Richards, A. L." box="[208,498,1555,1581]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref255650" refString="Sukhiashvili, R., Zhgenti, E., Khmaladze, E., Burjanadze, I., Imnadze, P., Jiang, J., St. Joh, E., Farris, C. M., Gallagher, T., Obiso, R. J. &amp; Richards, A. L. (2020) Identification and distribution of nine tick-borne spotted fever group rickettsiae in the country of Georgia. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 11 (5) (article 101470), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2020.101470" type="journal article" year="2020">
Sukhiashvili
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB4D8D21B4F1F9E1" box="[357,415,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2020)
</bibRefCitation>
listed
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B8688D21B676F9E1" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[576,792,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B8688D21B676F9E1" box="[576,792,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as found in
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9818D21B16DF9E1" box="[937,1027,1555,1581]" name="Georgia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Georgia</collectingCountry>
based on
<specimenCount id="9D3910C90F61C761BE518D21B041F9E1" box="[1145,1327,1555,1581]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
collected from cattle, but this tick is usually a parasite of
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B8968D05B797F99D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[702,761,1591,1617]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Aves</taxonomicName>
; therefore, the record of
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BE3F8D05B057F99D" author="Sukhiashvili, R. &amp; Zhgenti, E. &amp; Khmaladze, E. &amp; Burjanadze, I. &amp; Imnadze, P. &amp; Jiang, J. &amp; Joh, E. &amp; Farris, C. M. &amp; Gallagher, T. &amp; Obiso, R. J. &amp; Richards, A. L." box="[1047,1337,1591,1617]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref255650" refString="Sukhiashvili, R., Zhgenti, E., Khmaladze, E., Burjanadze, I., Imnadze, P., Jiang, J., St. Joh, E., Farris, C. M., Gallagher, T., Obiso, R. J. &amp; Richards, A. L. (2020) Identification and distribution of nine tick-borne spotted fever group rickettsiae in the country of Georgia. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 11 (5) (article 101470), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2020.101470" type="journal article" year="2020">
Sukhiashvili
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BE848D05B188F99D" box="[1196,1254,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2020)
</bibRefCitation>
requires confirmation, and
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BB4D8D69B4D1F9B9" box="[357,447,1627,1653]" name="Georgia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Georgia</collectingCountry>
is not included within the geographical distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BE008D69B190F9B9" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[1064,1278,1627,1653]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BE008D69B190F9B9" box="[1064,1278,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>