299 lines
32 KiB
XML
299 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F06E3A0C6A6F88C36A22776F59441167">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7FDDEEC65C9CBA652D657DA3014822F2">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3A720DAFF0AC902F7BF16FE3960ACDB4">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D49C7A334379CD8C3839B4068C05328A">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7EAA0E18E451F8634B5B092176EF691E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5C3C936624774AB206C7867F2D5D69C7">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03966A560F61C761BABF889DB06AF9B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7709283" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449328" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7709283" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F61C761BABF889DB06AF9B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F61C761BABF889DB06AF9B9" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F61C761BABF889DB750FC05" box="[151,574,942,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F61C761BABF889DB750FC05" blockId="10.[151,1437,942,1653]" box="[151,574,942,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BABF889DB5D5FC05" bold="true" box="[151,187,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">40.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BAE9889CB754FC05" ID-CoL="3QGB3" authority="Nuttall, 1910" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[193,570,942,969]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BAE9889CB4F3FC05" bold="true" box="[193,413,942,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BB8B889DB754FC05" author="Nuttall, G. H. F." box="[419,570,943,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="408 - 416" refId="ref237345" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. (1910) New species of ticks (Ixodes, Amblyomma, Rhipicephalus). Parasitology, 3, 408 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000002249" type="journal article" year="1910">Nuttall, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F61C761B86D889DB6ACFB95" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F61C761B86D889DB6ACFB95" blockId="10.[151,1437,942,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Palearctic: 1) Azerbaijan, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9AC889DB681FC05" box="[900,1007,943,969]" name="Denmark" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE30889DB109FC05" box="[1048,1127,943,969]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">France</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BEB8889DB197FC05" box="[1168,1273,943,969]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
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, 5)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BF0A889DB5D2FC21" name="United Kingdom" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
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, 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BACD88E1B454FC21" box="[229,314,979,1005]" name="Iceland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Iceland</collectingCountry>
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, 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BB4C88E1B4D8FC21" box="[356,438,979,1005]" name="Ireland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ireland</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BBF788E1B77DFC21" box="[479,531,979,1005]" name="Italy" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Italy</collectingCountry>
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, 9)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B81488E1B7D1FC21" box="[572,703,979,1005]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
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, 10)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B8DF88E1B631FC21" box="[759,863,979,1005]" name="Morocco" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Morocco</collectingCountry>
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, 11)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9BD88E1B69EFC21" box="[917,1008,979,1005]" name="Norway" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Norway</collectingCountry>
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, 12)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE0F88E1B116FC21" box="[1063,1144,979,1005]" name="Poland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Poland</collectingCountry>
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, 13)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE8788E1B193FC21" box="[1199,1277,979,1005]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Russia</collectingCountry>
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, 14)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BF1B88E1B0F6FC21" box="[1331,1432,979,1005]" name="Slovenia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Slovenia</collectingCountry>
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, 15)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BAEF88C5B44CFBDD" box="[199,290,1015,1041]" name="Sweden" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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, 16)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BB4888C5B487FBDD" box="[352,489,1015,1041]" name="Switzerland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
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, 17)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B80D88C5B7F8FBDD" box="[549,662,1015,1041]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
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, 18)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B8FC88C5B640FBDD" box="[724,814,1015,1041]" name="Ukraine" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
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(Bailly-Choumara
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BE2688C5B127FBDD" box="[1038,1097,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
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1980,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BEB488C5B5BCFBF9" author="Morel, P. C. & Aeschlimann, A." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="23 - 27" refId="ref232258" refString="Morel, P. C. & Aeschlimann, A. (1983) Presence en Suisse d'un Scaphixodes (Acarina, Ixodoidea) sur Prunella collaris. Bulletin de la Societe Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles, 106, 23 - 27." type="journal article" year="1983">Morel & Aeschlimann 1983</bibRefCitation>
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BAF58F29B4E9FBF9" author="Tovornik, D." box="[221,391,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="77 - 108" refId="ref259758" refString="Tovornik, D. (1990) The significance of the birds (Aves) as the hosts and disseminators of ixodid ticks (Yugoslavia). Biologii Vestnik, 38, 77 - 108." type="journal article" year="1990">Tovornik 1990</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BBBB8F29B701FBF9" author="Jaenson, T. G. T. & Talleklint, L. & Lundqvist, L. & Olsen, B. & Chirico, J. & Mejlon, H." box="[403,623,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="240 - 256" refId="ref211767" refString="Jaenson, T. G. T., Talleklint, L., Lundqvist, L., Olsen, B., Chirico, J. & Mejlon, H. (1994) Geographical distribution, host associations, and vector roles of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae, Argasidae) in Sweden. Journal of Medical Entomology, 31, 240 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 31.2.240" type="journal article" year="1994">
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Jaenson
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BBDC8F29B743FBF9" box="[500,557,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
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||
1994
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761B8538F29B632FBF9" author="Cringoli, G. & Iori, A. & Rinaldi, L. & Veneziano, V. & Genchi, C." box="[635,860,1050,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref185591" refString="Cringoli, G., Iori, A., Rinaldi, L., Veneziano, V. & Genchi, C. (2005) Zecche. Mappe Parassitologiche, 5, 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="2005">
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Cringoli
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B8C88F29B677FBF9" box="[736,793,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761B9408F29B168FBF9" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[872,1030,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref221361" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (2009) Fauna of ixodid ticks of the world. https: // archive. is / CtZk. Last accessed February 11, 2022." type="url" year="2009">Kolonin 2009</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BE3A8F29B1D0FBF9" author="Fedorova, S. J." box="[1042,1214,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="127 - 133" refId="ref193866" refString="Fedorova, S. J. (2012) Ticks (Parasitiformes: Ixodidae) of Kyrgyzstan: biodiversity and epidemiologic role. Izvestiya Vuzov, (6) 127 - 133. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2012">Fedorova 2012</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BEE28F29B477FB95" author="Nowak-Chmura, M. & Siuda, K." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="125 - 155" refId="ref237187" refString="Nowak-Chmura, M. & Siuda, K. (2012) Ticks of Poland. Review of contemporary issues and latest research. Annals of Parasitology, 58, 125 - 155." type="journal article" year="2012">Nowak-Chmura & Siuda 2012</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BB0C8F0DB499FB95" author="Richter, S. H. & Eydal, M. & Skirnisson, K. & Olafsson, E." box="[292,503,1087,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="3 - 10" refId="ref246215" refString="Richter, S. H., Eydal, M., Skirnisson, K. & Olafsson, E. (2013) Tick species (Ixodida) identified in Iceland. Icelandic Agricultural Sciences, 26, 3 - 10." type="journal article" year="2013">
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||
Richter
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB558F0DB4D8FB95" box="[381,438,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761B82A8F0DB679FB95" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." box="[514,791,1087,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref192886" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
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||
Estrada-Peña
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B8B58F0DB7BBFB95" box="[669,725,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761B90A8F0DB6D8FB95" author="Tsapko, N. V." box="[802,950,1087,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="351 - 352" refId="ref260332" refString="Tsapko, N. V. (2020) A checklist of the ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Russia. Parazitologiya, 51, 351 - 352. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2020">Tsapko 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F61C761BAEF8F51B06AF9B9" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F61C761BAEF8F51B799FAC1" blockId="10.[151,1437,942,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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||
There are difficulties attending the identification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B90E8F51B16EFBB1" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[806,1024,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B90E8F51B16EFBB1" box="[806,1024,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BE6D8F51B0F2FBB1" author="Morel, P. C. & Aeschlimann, A." box="[1093,1436,1123,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="23 - 27" refId="ref232258" refString="Morel, P. C. & Aeschlimann, A. (1983) Presence en Suisse d'un Scaphixodes (Acarina, Ixodoidea) sur Prunella collaris. Bulletin de la Societe Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles, 106, 23 - 27." type="journal article" year="1983">Morel & Aeschlimann (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stressed the problems involved in morphologically separating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B9758FB5B15BFB6D" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[861,1077,1159,1185]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B9758FB5B15BFB6D" box="[861,1077,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BE6D8FB5B19EFB6D" authorityName="Birula" authorityYear="1895" box="[1093,1264,1159,1185]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berlesei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BE6D8FB5B19EFB6D" box="[1093,1264,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes berlesei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BF028FB5B586FB08" authorityName="Olenev" authorityYear="1929" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semenovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BF028FB5B586FB08" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes semenovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(under the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BB9D8F99B72FFB09" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1941" box="[437,577,1195,1221]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Scaphixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB9D8F99B72FFB09" box="[437,577,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scaphixodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761B8718F99B611FB09" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Petney, T. N. & Robbins, R. G." box="[601,895,1195,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 322" refId="ref199904" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Petney, T. N. & Robbins, R. G. (2020) Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019. Zootaxa, 4871, 1 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4871.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Guglielmone
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B8DB8F99B643FB09" box="[755,813,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that authors differ in their morphological definition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BB028FFDB76FFB25" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[298,513,1231,1257]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB028FFDB76FFB25" box="[298,513,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, stating that additional studies are needed to support the conspecificity of populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BADB8FC1B4A7FAC1" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[243,457,1267,1293]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BADB8FC1B4A7FAC1" box="[243,457,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
over this tick´s vast range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F61C761BAEF8E25B065F9C5" blockId="10.[151,1437,942,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BAEF8E25B77BFAFD" author="Morel, P. C. & Aeschlimann, A." box="[199,533,1303,1329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="23 - 27" refId="ref232258" refString="Morel, P. C. & Aeschlimann, A. (1983) Presence en Suisse d'un Scaphixodes (Acarina, Ixodoidea) sur Prunella collaris. Bulletin de la Societe Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles, 106, 23 - 27." type="journal article" year="1983">Morel & Aeschlimann (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated their record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B9328E25B69FFAFD" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[794,1009,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B9328E25B69FFAFD" box="[794,1009,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE1E8E25B1D2FAFD" box="[1078,1212,1303,1329]" name="Switzerland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
as provisional.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BF478E25B43FFA99" author="Petney, T. N. & Pfaffle, M. & Skuballa, J." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="115 - 170" refId="ref242893" refString="Petney, T. N., Pfaffle, M. & Skuballa, J. (2012) An annotated checklist of the ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Germany. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 17, 115 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 17.2.2" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Petney
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BAEF8E09B591FA99" box="[199,255,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
regarded
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BBE88E09B746FA99" box="[448,552,1339,1365]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
as outside the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B91B8E09B167FA99" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[819,1033,1339,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B91B8E09B167FA99" box="[819,1033,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and doubted its presence in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BF6F8E09B0F6FA99" box="[1351,1432,1339,1365]" name="Poland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BAF58E6DB4DAFAB5" author="Rubel, F. & Brugger, K. & Chitimia-Dobler, L. & Meyer-Kayser, E. & Dautel, H. & Kahl, O." box="[221,436,1375,1401]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="183 - 214" refId="ref248704" refString="Rubel, F., Brugger, K., Chitimia-Dobler, L., Meyer-Kayser, E., Dautel, H. & Kahl, O. (2021) Atlas of ticks (Acari: Argasidae, Ixodidae) in Germany. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 84, 183 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 021 - 00619 - 1" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Rubel
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB008E6DB40FFAB5" box="[296,353,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also did not include this tick as found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9A38E6DB69BFAB5" box="[907,1013,1375,1401]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BE5D8E6DB0F2FAB5" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." box="[1141,1436,1375,1401]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref192886" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Estrada-Peña
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BF398E6DB024FAB5" box="[1297,1354,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BB288EB1B420FA51" box="[256,334,1411,1437]" name="Poland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BBAF8EB1B481FA51" box="[391,495,1411,1437]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
as well as
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B8588EB1B669FA51" box="[624,775,1411,1437]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B93B8EB1B615FA51" box="[787,891,1411,1437]" name="Denmark" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B99D8EB1B686FA51" box="[949,1000,1411,1437]" name="Italy" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
within their restricted range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BF7B8EB1B473FA0D" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BF7B8EB1B473FA0D" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Europe, together with northern Africa, which contrasts with the geographic distribution presented here.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BAFD8EF9B4D3FA29" author="Jaenson, T. G. T. & Talleklint, L. & Lundqvist, L. & Olsen, B. & Chirico, J. & Mejlon, H." box="[213,445,1483,1509]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="240 - 256" refId="ref211767" refString="Jaenson, T. G. T., Talleklint, L., Lundqvist, L., Olsen, B., Chirico, J. & Mejlon, H. (1994) Geographical distribution, host associations, and vector roles of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae, Argasidae) in Sweden. Journal of Medical Entomology, 31, 240 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 31.2.240" type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Jaenson
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB1C8EF9B402FA29" box="[308,364,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1994)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B8128EF9B67EFA29" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[570,784,1483,1509]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B8128EF9B67EFA29" box="[570,784,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a tick found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9F48EF9B12BFA29" box="[988,1093,1483,1509]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
, a country that is provisionally included within the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BBF28EDDB7DEF9C5" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[474,688,1519,1545]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BBF28EDDB7DEF9C5" box="[474,688,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
along with
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B91D8EDDB6CEF9C5" box="[821,928,1519,1545]" name="Denmark" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9838EDDB12FF9C5" box="[939,1089,1519,1545]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE648EDDB111F9C5" box="[1100,1151,1519,1545]" name="Italy" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BE9E8EDDB069F9C5" box="[1206,1287,1519,1545]" name="Poland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F61C761BAF88D21B06AF9B9" blockId="10.[151,1437,942,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BAF88D21B49CF9E1" author="Sukhiashvili, R. & Zhgenti, E. & Khmaladze, E. & Burjanadze, I. & Imnadze, P. & Jiang, J. & Joh, E. & Farris, C. M. & Gallagher, T. & Obiso, R. J. & Richards, A. L." box="[208,498,1555,1581]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref255650" refString="Sukhiashvili, R., Zhgenti, E., Khmaladze, E., Burjanadze, I., Imnadze, P., Jiang, J., St. Joh, E., Farris, C. M., Gallagher, T., Obiso, R. J. & Richards, A. L. (2020) Identification and distribution of nine tick-borne spotted fever group rickettsiae in the country of Georgia. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 11 (5) (article 101470), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2020.101470" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Sukhiashvili
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BB4D8D21B4F1F9E1" box="[357,415,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B8688D21B676F9E1" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[576,792,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761B8688D21B676F9E1" box="[576,792,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761B9818D21B16DF9E1" box="[937,1027,1555,1581]" name="Georgia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3910C90F61C761BE518D21B041F9E1" box="[1145,1327,1555,1581]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
collected from cattle, but this tick is usually a parasite of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761B8968D05B797F99D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[702,761,1591,1617]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Aves</taxonomicName>
|
||
; therefore, the record of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F61C761BE3F8D05B057F99D" author="Sukhiashvili, R. & Zhgenti, E. & Khmaladze, E. & Burjanadze, I. & Imnadze, P. & Jiang, J. & Joh, E. & Farris, C. M. & Gallagher, T. & Obiso, R. J. & Richards, A. L." box="[1047,1337,1591,1617]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref255650" refString="Sukhiashvili, R., Zhgenti, E., Khmaladze, E., Burjanadze, I., Imnadze, P., Jiang, J., St. Joh, E., Farris, C. M., Gallagher, T., Obiso, R. J. & Richards, A. L. (2020) Identification and distribution of nine tick-borne spotted fever group rickettsiae in the country of Georgia. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 11 (5) (article 101470), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2020.101470" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Sukhiashvili
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BE848D05B188F99D" box="[1196,1254,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
requires confirmation, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F61C761BB4D8D69B4D1F9B9" box="[357,447,1627,1653]" name="Georgia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
is not included within the geographical distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F61C761BE008D69B190F9B9" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[1064,1278,1627,1653]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F61C761BE008D69B190F9B9" box="[1064,1278,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ixodes caledonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |