250 lines
26 KiB
XML
250 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="1F7E64B0A777B11E806E3FC655EDB685" ID-CLB-Dataset="235222" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43227427-a867-4744-9e4c-2b2302524890" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7704190" ID-ZooBank="3326BF76-A2FB-4244-BA4C-D0AF81F55637" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1678178331427" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Nava, Santiago & Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2023" docId="03966A560F48C74FBABF8CF1B46AFC91" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5251.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5251 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ixodes uriae White 1852" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FFAF122E0F6BC76BBA288B32B56EFFCC" masterDocTitle="Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1699476275219" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="0D5E7E92EFC832B5FF0C90B7F991B17A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="088A46C17DE8F0F5675A732F93DC2ADF">
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<mods:title id="49F5EF8043323ACC7FA8720D431D10C5">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="68D090C68F1D2E27790F41C209DCB0F6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4C4AA1B693036CACB339B8DA48B52E09">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="816094B9516B0C83D0A9E6BE2CC0D1BA" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F1A504A580A025D824888DB2D130E472">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7B1B139EF73309ACDDE3E35FD4554A92">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="56F2B0F4465D00935C0DAE934ACDCFE4" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7791-4239</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D847F9996BBC5ECC9F4384622731504F" type="email">nava.santiago@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0DC2152BFFC3E9D3FC4C18D5E3AE3C25">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DEC5D5E3752B79CB3779CC8B2D331EF3" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2443-5271</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DC2029EC6B5F18CBDD7259A272846DD2" type="email">robbinsrg@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A7F60A142A18FEDC114CF898DDD70A27">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="508D978AE01A03F7C997A070485CD049">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="55B0DE57D3DCE8B49B7BB591A13D6CD8">
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<mods:date id="6E26C50B1D71007BEBDCF758ABDDEDBD">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="315C913C847F7D88409DEEB07C7A2D2C">2023-03-07</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="866BCA79E51102000B1966B9F0888EAE" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="530DCF2F3DD7BF9EA88C8BB069B34978">5251</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E8E814132DB84041BD02F73B1E111B8A">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="595468D3D062D10FA5EBB6B67E77976D">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="07DA53DBCD12295256B1BD6E642D2697">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F03F34EE927EC59CEB6276F2D0184A6A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03966A560F48C74FBABF8CF1B46AFC91" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7728755" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449377" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7728755" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F48C74FBABF8CF1B46AFC91" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F48C74FBABF8CF1B46AFC91" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F48C748BABF8CF1B490F811" box="[151,510,1986,2013]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F48C748BABF8CF1B490F811" blockId="35.[151,1436,1986,2013]" box="[151,510,1986,2013]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<heading id="D0C86C2C0F48C748BABF8CF1B490F811" box="[151,510,1986,2013]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F48C748BABF8CF1B5A6F811" bold="true" box="[151,200,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">254.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F48C748BAF98CF0B494F811" ID-CoL="3QGPS" ID-ENA="59655" authority="White, 1852" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1852" box="[209,506,1986,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F48C748BAF98CF0B40CF811" bold="true" box="[209,354,1986,2013]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ixodes uriae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F48C748BB438CF1B494F811" author="White, A." box="[363,506,1986,2013]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="208 - 211" refId="ref264786" refString="White, A. (1852) Insects and Aptera. In: Journal of the voyage in Baffin's Bay and Barrow Straits, in the years 1850 - 1851, 2 (appendix), 208 - 211." type="book chapter" year="1852">White, 1852</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F48C74FB82E8CF1B46AFC91" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F48C74FB82E8CF1B775FEA9" blockId="35.[151,1436,1986,2013]" lastBlockId="36.[151,1437,151,861]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<heading id="D0C86C2C0F48C748B82E8CF1B0F2F811" box="[518,1436,1987,2013]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="5">
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Circumpolar:
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F48C748B88C8CF1B65FF810" box="[676,817,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F48C748B88C8CF1B65FF810" box="[676,817,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ixodes uriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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represents a special zoogeographic case because most
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</heading>
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populations are confined to several remote islands in the north and south Atlantic Ocean, near the Arctic and Antarctic zones, respectively, and are also found on remote islands in the South Pacific and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FBE5C8B89B07BFF19" authority="Oceans" authorityName="Oceans" box="[1140,1301,187,213]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" genus="Indian" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Indian Oceans</taxonomicName>
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close to the Antarctic, as well as on the Antarctic Peninsula itself. Additionally, islands near continental mainlands in the northernmost and southernmost portions of the world, as well as seashores in the northernmost portion of the Northern Hemisphere have been found infested with
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FB8AC8A15B67EFE8C" box="[644,784,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FB8AC8A15B67EFE8C" box="[644,784,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes uriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. This peculiar range is related to the breeding sites of the sea birds that are hosts of this tick.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F4FC74FBAEF8A5DB635FE39" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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The geographic distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FB80F8A5DB7DDFE44" box="[551,691,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FB80F8A5DB7DDFE44" box="[551,691,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes uriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is peculiar and unrelated to the zoogeographic divisions followed in this study.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4FC74FBB068AA1B76FFE61" author="Heath, A. C. G. & Palma, R. L. & Cane, R. P. & Hardwick, S." box="[302,513,403,429]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="55 - 63" refId="ref201418" refString="Heath, A. C. G., Palma, R. L., Cane, R. P. & Hardwick, S. (2011) Checklist of New Zealand ticks (Acari: Ixodidae, Argasidae). Zootaxa, 2995, 55 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2995.1.4" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Heath
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FBB508AA1B4DFFE61" box="[376,433,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
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(2011)
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</bibRefCitation>
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also noted that several records of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FB9AC8AA1B161FE60" box="[900,1039,403,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FB9AC8AA1B161FE60" box="[900,1039,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes uriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE1C8AA1B1A4FE61" box="[1076,1226,403,429]" name="New Zealand" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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are from sea birds examined outside their breeding localities, a situation that surely applies to some collections of this tick from other countries, implicitly distorting the actual range of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FB8E18AE9B63AFE38" box="[713,852,475,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FB8E18AE9B63AFE38" box="[713,852,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes uriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F4FC74FBAEF8ACDB1E3FD01" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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In the Southern Hemisphere,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FB8398ACDB7F2FDD4" box="[529,668,511,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FB8398ACDB7F2FDD4" box="[529,668,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes uriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been found in: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9BE8ACDB166FDD5" box="[918,1032,511,537]" name="Argentina" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE188ACDB1F4FDD5" box="[1072,1178,511,537]" name="Australia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBEEC8ACDB06DFDD5" box="[1220,1283,511,537]" name="Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Chile</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBF058ACDB5A9FDF1" name="New Zealand" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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and 5)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB358911B4C1FDF1" box="[285,431,547,573]" name="South Africa" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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; in the Northern Hemisphere it has been collected in: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE028911B1EFFDF1" box="[1066,1153,547,573]" name="Canada" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Canada</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE838911B078FDF1" box="[1195,1302,547,573]" name="Denmark" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBF688911B0F6FDF1" box="[1344,1432,547,573]" name="Finland" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Finland</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBA9C8975B46DFDAD" box="[180,259,583,609]" name="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">France</collectingCountry>
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, 5)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB038975B4FAFDAD" box="[299,404,583,609]" name="Germany" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Germany</collectingCountry>
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, 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB938975B73EFDAD" box="[443,592,583,609]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
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, 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB85F8975B781FDAD" box="[631,751,583,609]" name="Greenland" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB93D8975B604FDAD" box="[789,874,583,609]" name="Iceland" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Iceland</collectingCountry>
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, 9)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9BA8975B68AFDAD" box="[914,996,583,609]" name="Ireland" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ireland</collectingCountry>
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, 10)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE318975B137FDAD" box="[1049,1113,583,609]" name="Japan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Japan</collectingCountry>
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(except the Ryukyu Islands), 11)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBAE98959B472FD49" box="[193,284,619,645]" name="Norway" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Norway</collectingCountry>
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, 12)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB798959B4F1FD49" box="[337,415,619,645]" name="Russia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Russia</collectingCountry>
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, 13)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBBFB8959B70FFD49" box="[467,609,619,645]" name="South Korea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">South Korea</collectingCountry>
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, 14)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB8BE8959B781FD49" box="[662,751,619,645]" name="Sweden" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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and 15)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9668959B6EAFD49" box="[846,900,619,645]" name="United States of America" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">USA</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4FC74FB9B98959B151FD49" author="Filippova, N. A." box="[913,1087,619,645]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref194763" refString="Filippova, N. A. (1977) Ixodid ticks (Ixodinae). In: Fauna USSR New Series, 4 (4), Nauka, Moscow, Leningrad, 396 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1977">Filippova 1977</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4FC74FBE618959B035FD49" author="Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M." box="[1097,1371,619,645]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 149" refId="ref214968" refString="Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M. (1978) The genus Ixodes in the United States: a scanning electron microscope study and key to adults. Journal of Medical Entomology, Supplement 2, 1 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 15. suppl 2.1" type="journal article" year="1978">Keirans & Clifford 1978</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4FC74FBF4D8959B592FD65" author="Martyn, K. P." pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref229022" refString="Martyn, K. P. (1988) Provisional atlas of the ticks (Ixodoidea) of the British Isles. Biological Records Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, UK, 62 pp." type="book" year="1988">Martyn 1988</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FB92E8981B650FD01" box="[774,830,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
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Sormunen
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FBE2D8981B153FD01" box="[1029,1085,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
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2022
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F4FC74FBAEF89E5B023FCD9" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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Several records of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FBB8C89E5B75CFD3C" box="[420,562,727,753]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FBB8C89E5B75CFD3C" box="[420,562,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes uriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have been published under the names
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FB9D389E5B1A6FD3C" box="[1019,1224,727,753]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ceratixodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FB9D389E5B1A6FD3C" box="[1019,1224,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceratixodes uriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FBF2D89E5B0F8FD3C" box="[1285,1430,727,753]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="putus">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FBF2D89E5B0F8FD3C" box="[1285,1430,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes putus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which are the most common of the several synonyms of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FB93889C9B6F5FCD8" box="[784,923,763,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
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|
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FB93889C9B6F5FCD8" box="[784,923,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes uriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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listed in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4FC74FBE2B89C9B027FCD9" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S." box="[1027,1353,763,789]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref198957" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S. (2014) Names for Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): valid, synonyms, incertae sedis, nomina dubia, nomina nuda, lapsus, incorrect and suppressed names - with notes on confusions and misidentifications. Zootaxa, 3767, 1 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3767.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Guglielmone & Nava (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F4FC74FBAEF882DB46AFC91" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FBAEF882DB43AFCF4" box="[199,340,799,825]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uriae">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FBAEF882DB43AFCF4" box="[199,340,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes uriae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has been treated historically as a name that may include more than one species (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4FC74FBEC4882DB596FC91" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Petney, T. N. & Robbins, R. G." pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 322" refId="ref199904" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Petney, T. N. & Robbins, R. G. (2020) Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019. Zootaxa, 4871, 1 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4871.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
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|
Guglielmone
|
|
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FBFA0882DB5DAFC91" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2020
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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</document> |