204 lines
22 KiB
XML
204 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B56AC63F926AE41EBC5C111924985A3D">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="244C3D18771E74EBB701C7F735487CCC">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C064F3C1EF26D15EE575782B06683F7E">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6A57B8E9F20F4600A468ECA4A6A30093">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="17364986EEC99EB90F901B8F2C78CFFD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2FEBA4B5AE774148124E56294D38B4BA">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03966A560F1AC71ABABF8F29B626FA29" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7718329" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449952" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7718329" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F1AC71ABABF8F29B626FA29" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F1AC71ABABF8F29B626FA29" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F1AC71ABABF8F29B7C5FBF9" box="[151,683,1050,1077]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F1AC71ABABF8F29B7C5FBF9" blockId="113.[151,1437,1050,1509]" box="[151,683,1050,1077]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABABF8F29B5C2FBF9" bold="true" box="[151,172,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">7.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F1AC71ABA9B8F28B7C8FBF9" ID-CoL="6WTFL" authority="Neumann, 1906" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1906" box="[179,678,1050,1077]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABA9B8F28B484FBF9" bold="true" box="[179,490,1050,1077]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Rhipicephalus aurantiacus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71ABBD98F29B7C8FBF9" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[497,678,1051,1077]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="195 - 219" refId="ref235368" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1906) Notes sur les Ixodides. IV. Archives de Parasitologie, 10, 195 - 219." type="journal article" year="1906">Neumann, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F1AC71AB8878F29B764FBB1" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F1AC71AB8878F29B764FBB1" blockId="113.[151,1437,1050,1509]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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Afrotropical: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F1AC71AB94E8F29B6B0FBF9" box="[870,990,1051,1077]" name="Cameroon" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F1AC71ABE2E8F29B04CFBF9" box="[1030,1314,1051,1077]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F1AC71ABF638F29B0F6FBF9" box="[1355,1432,1051,1077]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Congo</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F1AC71ABA9F8F0DB729FB95" box="[183,583,1087,1113]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
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, 5)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F1AC71AB85C8F0DB7AFFB95" box="[628,705,1087,1113]" name="Gabon" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Gabon</collectingCountry>
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, 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F1AC71AB8C78F0DB62DFB95" box="[751,835,1087,1113]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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, 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F1AC71AB9478F0DB699FB95" box="[879,1015,1087,1113]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F1AC71ABE0B8F0DB11AFB95" box="[1059,1140,1087,1113]" name="Liberia" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Liberia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71ABEAC8F0DB0F6FB95" author="Morel, P. C. & Mouchet, J." box="[1156,1432,1086,1113]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="477 - 496" refId="ref232472" refString="Morel, P. C. & Mouchet, J. (1965) Les tiques du Cameroun (Ixodidae et Argasidae) (2 e note). Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 40, 477 - 496. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 1965404477" type="journal article" year="1965">Morel & Mouchet 1965</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71ABABF8F51B470FBB1" author="Morel, P. C." box="[151,286,1123,1149]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" refId="ref232231" refString="Morel, P. C. (2003) Les tiques d'Afrique et du Bassin mediterraneen (1965 - 1995). CIRAD-EMVT, 1342 pp." type="book" year="2003">Morel 2003</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71ABB018F51B491FBB1" author="Pourrut, X. & Emane, K. A. & Camicas, J. L. & Leroy, E. & Gonzalez, J. P." box="[297,511,1123,1149]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="465 - 471" refId="ref244172" refString="Pourrut, X., Emane, K. A., Camicas, J. L., Leroy, E. & Gonzalez, J. P. (2011) Contribution to the knowledge of ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) in Gabon. Acarologia, 51, 465 - 471. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / acarologia / 20112028" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Pourrut
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABBAC8F51B4D2FBB1" box="[388,444,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F1AC71ABAEF8FB5B626FA29" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F1AC71ABAEF8FB5B05FFA51" blockId="113.[151,1437,1050,1509]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71ABAEF8FB5B4DAFB6D" author="Camicas, J. L. & Hervy, J. P. & Adam, F. & Morel, P. C." box="[199,436,1159,1185]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" refId="ref179770" refString="Camicas, J. L., Hervy, J. P., Adam, F. & Morel, P. C. (1998) Les tiques du monde. Nomenclature, stades decrits, hotes, repartition (Acarida, Ixodida). Orstom, Paris, 233 pp." type="book" year="1998">
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Camicas
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABB058FB5B40AFB6D" box="[301,356,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
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(1998)
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</bibRefCitation>
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considered
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F1AC71AB8118FB5B60AFB6C" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1907" box="[569,868,1159,1185]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71AB8118FB5B60AFB6C" box="[569,868,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Rhipicephalus aurantiacus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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a valid species, but
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71ABE688FB5B073FB6D" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[1088,1309,1159,1185]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" refId="ref263510" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
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Walker
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABEBE8FB5B1A2FB6D" box="[1174,1228,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
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(2000)
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</bibRefCitation>
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treated this tick as a probable synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F1AC71ABBC58F99B797FB08" box="[493,761,1195,1221]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziemanni">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABBC58F99B797FB08" box="[493,761,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Rhipicephalus ziemanni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71AB91E8F99B162FB09" author="Horak, I. G. & Camicas, J. L. & Keirans, J. E." box="[822,1036,1195,1221]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="27 - 54" refId="ref208667" refString="Horak, I. G., Camicas, J. L. & Keirans, J. E. (2002) The Argasidae, Ixodidae and Nuttalliellidae (Acari: Ixodida): a world list of valid tick names. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 28, 27 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1025381712339" type="journal article" year="2002">
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Horak
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71AB9AA8F99B6D4FB09" box="[898,954,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2002)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71ABE698F99B180FB09" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[1089,1262,1195,1221]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" refId="ref221361" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (2009) Fauna of ixodid ticks of the world. https: // archive. is / CtZk. Last accessed February 11, 2022." type="url" year="2009">Kolonin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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||
did not include
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F1AC71ABABF8FFDB4ADFB24" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,451,1231,1257]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABABF8FFDB4ADFB24" box="[151,451,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Rhipicephalus aurantiacus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
in their lists of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F1AC71AB8468FFDB7A5FB25" baseAuthorityName="Keirans" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[622,715,1231,1257]" genus="The" pageId="113" pageNumber="274" rank="species" species="ticks">the ticks</taxonomicName>
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||
of the world.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71AB94B8FFDB1EDFB25" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G. & Apanaskevich, D. A. & Petney, T. N. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Horak, I. G." box="[867,1155,1231,1257]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="311 - 327" refId="ref199296" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Robbins, R. G., Apanaskevich, D. A., Petney, T. N., Estrada-Pena, A. & Horak, I. G. (2009) Comments on controversial tick (Acari: Ixodida) species names and species described or resurrected from 2003 to 2008. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 48, 311 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 009 - 9246 - 2" type="journal article" year="2009">
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||
Guglielmone
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71AB9D48FFDB15DFB25" box="[1020,1075,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found that the synonymy proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71ABB0D8FC1B76CFAC1" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[293,514,1267,1293]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" refId="ref263510" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
|
||
Walker
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABB538FC1B4DCFAC1" box="[379,434,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2000)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is unproven.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71AB8BE8FC1B603FAC1" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[662,877,1267,1293]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" refId="ref263510" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
|
||
Walker
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71AB8C48FC1B64DFAC1" box="[748,803,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
, page 483) listed (page 479)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F1AC71ABE828FC1B5B4FAFC" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1907" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABE828FC1B5B4FAFC" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Rhipicephalus aurantiacus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F1AC71ABB8A8E25B7C1FAFC" box="[418,687,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziemanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABB8A8E25B7C1FAFC" box="[418,687,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Rhipicephalus ziemanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but in their “Identification notes” (page 483) they stated “Further study, including examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548465E20F1AC71AB80E8E09B70FFA99" box="[550,609,1339,1365]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F1AC71AB8AD8E09B647FA98" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1907" box="[645,809,1339,1364]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71AB8AD8E09B647FA98" box="[645,809,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">R. aurantiacus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, may later prove this decision to have been wrong.” The validity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F1AC71ABB3B8E6DB72EFAB4" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1907" box="[275,576,1375,1401]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABB3B8E6DB72EFAB4" box="[275,576,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Rhipicephalus aurantiacus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is accepted in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71AB8C08E6DB16BFAB5" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G. & Apanaskevich, D. A. & Petney, T. N. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Horak, I. G." box="[744,1029,1375,1401]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="311 - 327" refId="ref199296" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Robbins, R. G., Apanaskevich, D. A., Petney, T. N., Estrada-Pena, A. & Horak, I. G. (2009) Comments on controversial tick (Acari: Ixodida) species names and species described or resurrected from 2003 to 2008. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 48, 311 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 009 - 9246 - 2" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Guglielmone
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71AB9A98E6DB6D4FAB5" box="[897,954,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2014, 2015, 2020),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71ABEC58E6DB44AFA51" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S." pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref198957" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S. (2014) Names for Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): valid, synonyms, incertae sedis, nomina dubia, nomina nuda, lapsus, incorrect and suppressed names - with notes on confusions and misidentifications. Zootaxa, 3767, 1 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3767.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Guglielmone & Nava (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and here, while stressing the need for
|
||
<typeStatus id="548465E20F1AC71AB8FB8EB1B66DFA51" box="[723,771,1411,1437]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">type</typeStatus>
|
||
comparisons to definitively resolve this problem.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F1AC71ABAEF8E95B626FA29" blockId="113.[151,1437,1050,1509]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F1AC71ABAEF8E95B4AAFA0D" author="Uilenberg, G. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Thal, J." box="[199,452,1447,1473]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref260920" refString="Uilenberg, G., Estrada-Pena, A. & Thal, J. (2013) Ticks of the Central African Republic. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 60, 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9605 - 2" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Uilenberg
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71ABB148E95B41DFA0D" box="[316,371,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suspected that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F1AC71AB8448E95B6F6FA0C" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1907" box="[620,920,1447,1473]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F1AC71AB8448E95B6F6FA0C" box="[620,920,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Rhipicephalus aurantiacus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is present in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F1AC71ABE788E95B004FA0D" box="[1104,1386,1447,1473]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and that country is provisionally included within this tick’s range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |