treatments-xml/data/03/96/6A/03966A560F01C700BABF8F29B00BFE45.xml

<document id="7AE55EB90BFB8A667FCD1BD9035E096B" ID-CLB-Dataset="235222" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43227427-a867-4744-9e4c-2b2302524890" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7704190" ID-ZooBank="3326BF76-A2FB-4244-BA4C-D0AF81F55637" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1678178331427" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Nava, Santiago &amp; Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2023" docId="03966A560F01C700BABF8F29B00BFE45" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5251.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5251 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hyalomma marginatum Koch 1844" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="107" masterDocId="FFAF122E0F6BC76BBA288B32B56EFFCC" masterDocTitle="Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="107" updateTime="1699476275219" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="287BD56E229EF9E84BA386849B340FFE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BD45441A351D533CEB90E10338FC9709">
<mods:title id="A5C3EEDA32F2DF4AAAF99654E238C3CF">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C8B23E67CF0AEBE76FF8604DAE3EB995" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4EC16BD1E5FAFE403663473792037CC4">
<mods:roleTerm id="8E458846811B1A270D3A1F43C3316E13">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="22B980E67AE019A6AD93EFD5F7580DB5">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8DF9F18567441431A7212B203D36529A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5430-2889</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BF955A6D2B539822C0C431CB3A3D9905" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="64A0F68B3F316475D5B39BA0EADA8B12" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F0D30086EE2163DF2A352370A0146CDF">
<mods:roleTerm id="E800AEB2086BE5B5ECFCE1B9D995E575">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0D0E8EF4632574435C8AB6B3C737B4B2">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C21434E53240338ED24261D8B18BC5BC" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7791-4239</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="13365DD7C1656691C70ACA04451CB4D5" type="email">nava.santiago@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9C70C79F506B947BBF9766BEC04A2E83" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B862F828E087CA83F0CC90594FFC856C">
<mods:roleTerm id="2CC91D3C8F82A24756D3B9E87B977B64">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D74BFD17B67E07D9EBBF3D425CF58177">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B3A1A997622D35F1A4F36E8F8537A201" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2443-5271</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F26A4934E27E01D8E0982214DBC0DF15" type="email">robbinsrg@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BE16D20420185C0EF6D7AC3F78BC0EC4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B9BD04761E35DDC1B4A9A92778E02606" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="3BD84C998FAE5690A06A85FC0C617258">
<mods:title id="C5277208AE4991380A92DC258F537953">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="3A3E27D0939CF11217292AFE4DD714C9">
<mods:date id="F47F9EF82B181DA41EE56275B2D4E931">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D5863775750DAC890110FE0204298369" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="263E4CB03ABA9D80419A24B07B8F421C">2023-03-07</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3132E3F083B7877118ED602E7F95AE59" type="volume">
<mods:number id="35CDB449154F889FED7B0230FC6C0E1B">5251</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="888E98E104A0676D09133C866076CAD4" type="issue">
<mods:number id="727FFFB0EC85D465BE6845B48CCDBD44">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="A858500BA8AF695C9D73A0FB1E278F22" unit="page">
<mods:start id="002B959C8F6DD4F6C781C613CEDC2A69">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="6288F59904029CDBEE1DF20A56EE9D46">274</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="D266955EE39004560A35E0081B56F102">
<mods:url id="CD48A2B6BEFCF046631A85EF31F13160">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="336C1F800C4314800F38B60FBBDF4947">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5DFFEB767A2A5224B2B8B46D5C2368BE" type="CLB-Dataset">235222</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="079D483C5949F16DE25863559CD55F7D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3191BD139DD74D0B3B30A82C6940B6A8" type="GBIF-Dataset">43227427-a867-4744-9e4c-2b2302524890</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3EAFD0C055B09812F2370EC25FAD5B78" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="12B589858E79A2FA58B17EA3A1C75BDA" type="Zenodo-Dep">7704190</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="237A04508FF5E75394EB0B0EF6CC8D54" type="ZooBank">3326BF76-A2FB-4244-BA4C-D0AF81F55637</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03966A560F01C700BABF8F29B00BFE45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7718283" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449991" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7718283" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F01C700BABF8F29B00BFE45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F01C700BABF8F29B00BFE45" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F01C701BABF8F29B71BFBF9" box="[151,629,1050,1077]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F01C701BABF8F29B71BFBF9" blockId="106.[151,1437,1050,2013]" box="[151,629,1050,1077]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BABF8F29B5D5FBF9" bold="true" box="[151,187,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701BAE98F28B71CFBF9" ID-CoL="5HZMB" authority="Koch, 1844 a" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[193,626,1050,1077]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BAE98F28B4B9FBF9" bold="true" box="[193,471,1050,1077]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BBF78F29B71CFBF9" author="Koch, C. L." box="[479,626,1051,1077]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="217 - 239" refId="ref219297" refString="Koch, C. L. (1844 a) Systematische Ubersicht ¸ ber die Ordnung der Zecken. Archiv f ¸ r Naturgeschichte, 10, 217 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29560" type="journal article" year="1844">Koch, 1844a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F01C701B8548F29B712FA99" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F01C701B8548F29B712FA99" blockId="106.[151,1437,1050,2013]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
Palearctic: 1) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B93F8F29B61DFBF9" box="[791,883,1051,1077]" name="Albania" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Albania</collectingCountry>
, 2) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B9B28F29B69FFBF9" box="[922,1009,1051,1077]" name="Algeria" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Algeria</collectingCountry>
, 3) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BE328F29B111FBF9" box="[1050,1151,1051,1077]" name="Armenia" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Armenia</collectingCountry>
, 4) Azerbaijan, 5) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BF668F29B434FB95" name="Bosnia and Herzegovina" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Bosnia and Herzegovina</collectingCountry>
, 6) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BBAD8F0DB486FB95" box="[389,488,1087,1113]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
, 7) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B83B8F0DB706FB95" box="[531,616,1087,1113]" name="Croatia" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Croatia</collectingCountry>
, 8) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B8BC8F0DB786FB95" box="[660,744,1087,1113]" name="Cyprus" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
, 9) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B93B8F0DB637FB95" box="[787,857,1087,1113]" name="Egypt" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Egypt</collectingCountry>
, 10) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B9BA8F0DB68FFB95" box="[914,993,1087,1113]" name="France" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">France</collectingCountry>
, 11) Georgia, 12) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BE878F0DB06FFB95" box="[1199,1281,1087,1113]" name="Greece" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Greece</collectingCountry>
, 13) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BF138F0DB005FB95" box="[1339,1387,1087,1113]" name="Iran" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Iran</collectingCountry>
, 14) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BABF8F51B5A9FBB1" box="[151,199,1123,1149]" name="Iraq" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Iraq</collectingCountry>
, 15) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BAD68F51B451FBB1" box="[254,319,1123,1149]" name="Israel" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Israel</collectingCountry>
, 16) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BB5E8F51B4C4FBB1" box="[374,426,1123,1149]" name="Italy" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Italy</collectingCountry>
, 17) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BBCA8F51B75EFBB1" box="[482,560,1123,1149]" name="Jordan" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Jordan</collectingCountry>
, 18) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B84E8F51B782FBB1" box="[614,748,1123,1149]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
, 19) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B90A8F51B612FBB1" box="[802,892,1123,1149]" name="Kosovo" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Kosovo</collectingCountry>
, 20) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B99B8F51B158FBB1" box="[947,1078,1123,1149]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
, 21) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BE468F51B1DCFBB1" box="[1134,1202,1123,1149]" name="Libya" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Libya</collectingCountry>
, 22) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BEC18F51B043FBB1" box="[1257,1325,1123,1149]" name="Malta" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Malta</collectingCountry>
, 23) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BF4C8F51B5BEFB6D" name="Moldova" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Moldova</collectingCountry>
, 24) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BB218FB5B4FBFB6D" box="[265,405,1159,1185]" name="Serbia" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Montenegro</collectingCountry>
, 25) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BBE58FB5B75BFB6D" box="[461,565,1159,1185]" name="Morocco" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Morocco</collectingCountry>
, 26) North Macedonia, 27) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B9478FB5B6B9FB6D" box="[879,983,1159,1185]" name="Palestine" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Palestine</collectingCountry>
, 28) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BE278FB5B11FFB6D" box="[1039,1137,1159,1185]" name="Portugal" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Portugal</collectingCountry>
, 29) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BE828FB5B07CFB6D" box="[1194,1298,1159,1185]" name="Romania" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Romania</collectingCountry>
, 30) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BF628FB5B0F6FB6D" box="[1354,1432,1159,1185]" name="Russia" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Russia</collectingCountry>
, 31) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BAEB8F99B463FB09" box="[195,269,1195,1221]" name="Serbia" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Serbia</collectingCountry>
, 32) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BB6B8F99B4E8FB09" box="[323,390,1195,1221]" name="Spain" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Spain</collectingCountry>
, 33) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BB948F99B494FB09" box="[444,506,1195,1221]" name="Syria" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Syria</collectingCountry>
, 34) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B8078F99B7EBFB09" box="[559,645,1195,1221]" name="Tunisia" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
, 35) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B8928F99B665FB09" box="[698,779,1195,1221]" name="Turkey" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, 36) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B9698F99B6B1FB09" box="[833,991,1195,1221]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
, 37) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BE3C8F99B100FB09" box="[1044,1134,1195,1221]" name="Ukraine" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BE548F99B069FB09" author="Feider, Z." box="[1148,1287,1194,1221]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref193942" refString="Feider, Z. (1965) Fauna Republicii Populare Romane Arachnida Acaromorpha Suprafamilia Ixodoidea (Capuse) Volume 5, Issue 2, Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romane, Bucarest, 401 pp." type="book" year="1965">Feider 1965</bibRefCitation>
, K ö hler 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BF4D8F99B0F3FB09" box="[1381,1437,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
1967, Hoogstraal 1979, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BB8A8FFDB708FB25" author="Saliba, E. K. &amp; Wassef, H. Y. &amp; Hoogstraal, H. &amp; Main, A. J." box="[418,614,1231,1257]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="156 - 175" refId="ref249333" refString="Saliba, E. K., Wassef, H. Y., Hoogstraal, H. &amp; Main, A. J. (1990) The ticks (Ixodoidea) of East Jordan and the West Bank. Dirasat Series B, 17, 156 - 175." type="journal article" year="1990">
Saliba 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BBC68FFDB74BFB25" box="[494,549,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
1990
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701B8588FFDB798FB25" author="Morel, P. C." box="[624,758,1231,1257]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref232231" refString="Morel, P. C. (2003) Les tiques d'Afrique et du Bassin mediterraneen (1965 - 1995). CIRAD-EMVT, 1342 pp." type="book" year="2003">Morel 2003</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701B8D68FFDB13DFB25" author="Apanaskevich, D. A. &amp; Horak, I. G." box="[766,1107,1231,1257]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="13 - 42" refId="ref170671" refString="Apanaskevich, D. A. &amp; Horak, I. G. (2008 b) The genus Hyalomma Koch, 1844. V. Re-evaluation of the taxonomic rank of taxa comprising the H. (Euhyalomma) marginatum Koch complex of species (Acari: Ixodidae) with redescription of all parasitic stages and notes on biology. International Journal of Acarology, 34, 13 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647950808683704" type="journal article" year="2008">
Apanaskevich &amp; Horak 2008 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BE6D8FFDB13DFB25" author="Keysary, A. &amp; Eremeeva, M. E. &amp; Leitner, M. &amp; Din, A. B. &amp; Wikswo, M. E. &amp; Mumcuoglu, KY &amp; Inbar, M. &amp; Wallach, A. D. &amp; Shanas, U. &amp; King, R. &amp; Waner, T." box="[1093,1107,1231,1257]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="919 - 923" refId="ref217105" refString="Keysary, A., Eremeeva, M. E., Leitner, M., Din, A. B., Wikswo, M. E., Mumcuoglu, KY., Inbar, M., Wallach, A. D., Shanas, U., King, R. &amp; Waner, T. (2011) Spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks collected from wild animals in Israel. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 85, 919 - 923. https: // doi. org / 10.4269 / ajtmh. 2011.10 - 0623" type="journal article" year="2011">b</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, Keysary 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BEE98FFDB196FB25" box="[1217,1272,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2011, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BF688FFDB4E8FAC1" author="Akimov, I. A. &amp; Nebogatkin, I. V." pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="371 - 374" refId="ref167526" refString="Akimov, I. A. &amp; Nebogatkin, I. V. (2011 b) Distribution of the ixodid tick Hyalomma marginatum (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae) in Ukraine. Vestnik Zoologii, 45, 371 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10058 - 011 - 0022 - 5" type="journal article" year="2011">
Akimov &amp; Nebogatkin 2011 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BB508FC1B4E8FAC1" author="Chhetri, K. R. B. &amp; Shrestha, S. P." box="[376,390,1267,1293]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="151 - 153" refId="ref181983" refString="Chhetri, K. R. B. &amp; Shrestha, S. P. (2011) Study of tick fauna in bovine, caprine and canine of Kathmandu Valley. Nepalese Veterinary Journal, 30, 151 - 153." type="journal article" year="2011">b</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, Santos-Silva 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B80F8FC1B70EFAC1" box="[551,608,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2011, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701B8858FC1B6EEFAC1" author="Bursali, A. &amp; Keskin, A. &amp; Tekin, S." box="[685,896,1267,1293]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="91 - 104" refId="ref179236" refString="Bursali, A., Keskin, A. &amp; Tekin, S. (2012) A review of the ticks (Acari: Ixodida) of Turkey: species diversity, hosts and geographical distribution. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 57, 91 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9530 - 4" type="journal article" year="2012">
Bursali 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B92D8FC1B650FAC1" box="[773,830,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
, Sherifi 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B9F78FC1B176FAC1" box="[991,1048,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2014, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BE4E8FC1B5BCFAFD" author="Hovhannisyan, V. S. &amp; Dilbaryan, K. P." pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="76 - 83" refId="ref210610" refString="Hovhannisyan, V. S. &amp; Dilbaryan, K. P. (2016) Arthropods (Arthropoda) of Armenian fauna causing human natural-focal diseases. Medical Science of Armenia, 56 (4), 76 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. aogh. 2017.03.168" type="journal article" year="2016">Hovhannisyan &amp; Dilbaryan 2016</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BAF78E25B495FAFD" author="Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Mihalca, A. D. &amp; Petney, T. N." box="[223,507,1303,1329]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref192886" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. &amp; Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
Estrada-Peña 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BB548E25B4D9FAFD" box="[380,439,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
, Fedorova. 2017, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701B8E28E25B6C4FAFD" author="Pflieger, W. P. &amp; Niedbala, W. &amp; Vella, P. &amp; Sciberras, A. &amp; Vella, A." box="[714,938,1303,1329]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="85 - 110" refId="ref243199" refString="Pflieger, W. P., Sch ˆ nfer, A., Niedbala, W., Vella, P., Sciberras, A. &amp; Vella, A. (2017) New records of mites (Acari) and harvestmen (Opiliones) from Malta with a preliminary checklist of Maltese Arachnida. Soil Organisms, 89 (2) 85 - 110." type="journal article" year="2017">
Pflieger 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B9048E25B608FAFD" box="[812,870,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701B99F8E25B1EDFAFD" author="Nader, J. &amp; Krol, N. &amp; Pfeffer, M. &amp; Ohlendorf, V. &amp; Marklewitz, M. &amp; Drosten, C. &amp; Junglen, S. &amp; Obiegala, A." box="[951,1155,1303,1329]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref233441" refString="Nader, J., Krol, N., Pfeffer, M., Ohlendorf, V., Marklewitz, M., Drosten, C., Junglen, S. &amp; Obiegala, A. (2018) The diversity of tick-borne bacteria and parasites in ticks collected from the Strandja Nature Park in south-eastern Bulgaria. Parasites &amp; Vectors, 11 (article 165), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 018 - 2721 - z" type="journal article" year="2018">
Nader 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BE2D8E25B151FAFD" box="[1029,1087,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BEB88E25B5BCFA99" author="Hosseini-Chegeni, A. &amp; Tavakoli, M. &amp; Telmadarraiy, Z." pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="2133 - 2166" refId="ref210448" refString="Hosseini-Chegeni, A., Tavakoli, M. &amp; Telmadarraiy, Z. (2019) The updated list of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae &amp; Argasidae) occurring in Iran with a key to the identification of species. Systematic &amp; Applied Acarology, 24, 2133 - 2166. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 24.11.8" type="journal article" year="2019">
Hosseini-Chegeni 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BF4A8E25B0F3FAFD" box="[1378,1437,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BAF58E09B4BFFA99" author="Perfilyeva, Y. V. &amp; Shapiyeva, Z. Zh. &amp; Ostapchuk, Y. O. &amp; Berdygulova, Z. A. &amp; Bissenbay, A. O. &amp; Kulemin, M. V. &amp; Ismagulova, G. A. &amp; Skiba, Y. A. &amp; Sayakova, Z. Z. &amp; Mamadaliyev, S. M. &amp; Maltseva, E. R. &amp; Dmitrovskiy, A. M." box="[221,465,1339,1365]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref242441" refString="Perfilyeva, Y. V., Shapiyeva, Z. Zh., Ostapchuk, Y. O., Berdygulova, Z. A., Bissenbay, A. O., Kulemin, M. V., Ismagulova, G. A., Skiba, Y. A., Sayakova, Z. Z., Mamadaliyev, S. M., Maltseva, E. R. &amp;, Dmitrovskiy, A. M. (2020) Tick-borne pathogens and their vectors in Kazakhstan - A review. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 11 (5) (article 101498), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2020.101498" type="journal article" year="2020">
Perfilyeva 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BB7F8E09B4FEFA99" box="[343,400,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BBF48E09B71EFA99" author="Tsapko, N. V." box="[476,624,1339,1365]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="351 - 352" refId="ref260332" refString="Tsapko, N. V. (2020) A checklist of the ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Russia. Parazitologiya, 51, 351 - 352. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2020">Tsapko 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F01C700BAEF8E6DB00BFE45" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F01C701BAEF8E6DB426FA0C" blockId="106.[151,1437,1050,2013]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
Many records of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701BBAF8E6DB7FEFAB4" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[391,656,1375,1401]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BBAF8E6DB7FEFAB4" box="[391,656,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were published under the names 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701BE2E8E6DB193FAB5" box="[1030,1277,1375,1401]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plumbeum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BE2E8E6DB193FAB5" box="[1030,1277,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma plumbeum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701BF098E6DB4E9FA51" authorityName="Pomerantsev" authorityYear="1950" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="plumbeum" subSpecies="plumbeum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BF098E6DB4E9FA51" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma plumbeum plumbeum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and to a lesser extent as 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701B88A8EB1B6EEFA50" box="[674,896,1411,1437]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="savignyi">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B88A8EB1B6EEFA50" box="[674,896,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma savignyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, names treated as 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BE658EB1B189FA51" box="[1101,1255,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">incertae sedis</emphasis>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BF228EB1B42FFA0D" author="Guglielmone, A. A. &amp; Nava, S." pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref198957" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. &amp; Nava, S. (2014) Names for Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): valid, synonyms, incertae sedis, nomina dubia, nomina nuda, lapsus, incorrect and suppressed names - with notes on confusions and misidentifications. Zootaxa, 3767, 1 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3767.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Guglielmone &amp; Nava (2014)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F01C701BAEF8EF9B651F9E1" blockId="106.[151,1437,1050,2013]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
Morphological diagnosis of adult 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701B8658EF9B637FA28" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[589,857,1483,1509]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B8658EF9B637FA28" box="[589,857,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be difficult due to intraspecific variation, and even more so in the case of the immature stages. Therefore, several published records of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701BEB98EDDB0F2F9C4" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[1169,1436,1519,1545]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BEB98EDDB0F2F9C4" box="[1169,1436,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and related species should be considered provisionally valid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F01C701BAEF8D05B154F859" blockId="106.[151,1437,1050,2013]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
Apanaskevich 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BB448D05B4CDF99D" box="[364,419,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2008b) and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701B81E8D05B639F99D" author="Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Mihalca, A. D. &amp; Petney, T. N." box="[566,855,1591,1617]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref192886" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. &amp; Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
Estrada-Peña 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B8F88D05B669F99D" box="[720,775,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
explained that the northern limit of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701BECD8D05B59DF9B8" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BECD8D05B59DF9B8" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is uncertain, but records from central and northern Europe are considered to be a consequence of ticks being introduced with migrating birds, since no permanent populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701B9908D4DB1ACF954" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[952,1218,1663,1689]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B9908D4DB1ACF954" box="[952,1218,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been detected there, although this species may eventually establish itself in such territories (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701B9D48D91B07BF971" author="Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; D'Amico, G. &amp; Fernandez-Ruiz, N." box="[1020,1301,1699,1725]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref193000" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., D'Amico, G. &amp; Fernandez-Ruiz, N. (2021) Modelling the potential spread of Hyalomma marginatum ticks in Europe by migratory birds. International Journal for Parasitology, 51, 1 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2020.08.004" type="journal article" year="2021">
Estrada-Peña 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BEB18D91B1BCF971" box="[1177,1234,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BF008D91B468F92D" author="Jaenson, T. G. T. &amp; Talleklint, L. &amp; Lundqvist, L. &amp; Olsen, B. &amp; Chirico, J. &amp; Mejlon, H." pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="240 - 256" refId="ref211767" refString="Jaenson, T. G. T., Talleklint, L., Lundqvist, L., Olsen, B., Chirico, J. &amp; Mejlon, H. (1994) Geographical distribution, host associations, and vector roles of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae, Argasidae) in Sweden. Journal of Medical Entomology, 31, 240 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 31.2.240" type="journal article" year="1994">
Jaenson 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BFA08D91B5DAF92D" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(1994)
</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BB158DF5B75CF92D" author="Jameson, L. J. &amp; Morgan, P. J. &amp; Medlock, J. M. &amp; Watola, G. &amp; Vaux, A. G." box="[317,562,1735,1761]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="95 - 99" refId="ref212024" refString="Jameson, L. J., Morgan, P. J., Medlock, J. M., Watola, G. &amp; Vaux, A. G. (2012) Importation of Hyalomma marginatum, vector of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus, into the United Kingdom by migratory birds. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 3, 95 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2011.12.002" type="journal article" year="2012">
Jameson 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BB8D8DF5B4B3F92D" box="[421,477,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
, among others, presented evidence of this situation in northern Europe, as did 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BABF8DD9B406F8C9" author="Trilar, T." box="[151,360,1771,1797]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="213 - 216" refId="ref260135" refString="Trilar, T. (2004) Ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) on birds in Slovenia. Acrocephalus, 25 (123), 213 - 216." type="journal article" year="2004">
Trilar 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BAF58DD9B478F8C9" box="[221,278,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2004)
</bibRefCitation>
for central Europe. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701B8618DD9B646F8C9" author="Grandi, G. &amp; Chitimia-Dobler, L. &amp; Choklikitumnuey, P. &amp; Strube, C. &amp; Springer, A. &amp; Albihn, A. &amp; Jaenson, T. G. T. &amp; Omazic, A." box="[585,808,1771,1797]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref198423" refString="Grandi, G., Chitimia-Dobler, L., Choklikitumnuey, P., Strube, C., Springer, A., Albihn, A., Jaenson, T. G. T. &amp; Omazic, A. (2020) First records of adult Hyalomma marginatum and H. rufipes ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in Sweden. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 11 (article 101403), 1 - 5. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2020.101403" type="journal article" year="2020">
Grandi 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B8B68DD9B7B8F8C9" box="[670,726,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2020)
</bibRefCitation>
described a worrisome scenario for 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701BEE98DD9B5A1F8E4" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BEE98DD9B5A1F8E4" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in northern Europe because several adults of this species have been found on local domestic mammals and humans in 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BB3F8C01B41CF881" box="[279,370,1843,1869]" name="Sweden" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Sweden</collectingCountry>
, possibly a result of hotter than usual summers that allowed nymphs brought with migrating birds to develop into adults. Similar reports have come from 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B96B8C65B6C2F8BD" box="[835,940,1879,1905]" name="Germany" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Germany</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701B9908C65B106F8BD" box="[952,1128,1879,1905]" name="Netherlands" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BE888C65B193F8BD" box="[1184,1277,1879,1905]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Czechia</collectingCountry>
, as detailed in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BABF8C49B403F859" author="Rubel, F. &amp; Brugger, K. &amp; Chitimia-Dobler, L. &amp; Meyer-Kayser, E. &amp; Dautel, H. &amp; Kahl, O." box="[151,365,1915,1941]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="183 - 214" refId="ref248704" refString="Rubel, F., Brugger, K., Chitimia-Dobler, L., Meyer-Kayser, E., Dautel, H. &amp; Kahl, O. (2021) Atlas of ticks (Acari: Argasidae, Ixodidae) in Germany. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 84, 183 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 021 - 00619 - 1" type="journal article" year="2021">
Rubel 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BAC98C49B477F859" box="[225,281,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2021)
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BB518C49B71BF859" author="Uiterwijk, M. &amp; Ibanez-Justicia, A. &amp; van de Vossenberg, B. &amp; Jacobs, F. &amp; Overgaauw, P. &amp; Nijsse, R. &amp; Dabekaussen, C. &amp; Stroo, A. &amp; Sprong, H." box="[377,629,1915,1941]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref260972" refString="Uiterwijk, M., Ibanez-Justicia, A., van de Vossenberg, B., Jacobs, F., Overgaauw, P., Nijsse, R., Dabekaussen, C., Stroo, A. &amp; Sprong, H. (2021) Imported Hyalomma ticks in the Netherlands 2018 - 2020. Parasites &amp; Vectors, 14 (article 244), 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04738 - x" type="journal article" year="2021">
Uiterwijk 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BBC38C49B74DF859" box="[491,547,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2021)
</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701B8838C49B6CCF859" author="Lesiczka, P. M. &amp; Danek, O. &amp; Modry, M. &amp; Hrazdilova, K. &amp; Votypka, J. &amp; Zurek, L." box="[683,930,1915,1941]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref225108" refString="Lesiczka, P. M., Danek, O., Modry, M., Hrazdilova, K., Votypka, J. &amp; Zurek, L. (2022) A new report of adult Hyalomma marginatum and Hyalomma rufipes in the Czech Republic. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 13 (2) (article 101894), 1 - 5. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2021.101894" type="journal article" year="2022">
Lesiczka 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B93E8C49B620F859" box="[790,846,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
, respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F01C700BAEF8CADB00BFE45" blockId="106.[151,1437,1050,2013]" lastBlockId="107.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701BAEF8CADB4F1F875" author="Chen, Z. &amp; Yang, X. &amp; Bu, F. &amp; Yang, X. &amp; Yang, X. &amp; Liu, J." box="[199,415,1951,1977]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="393 - 404" refId="ref181677" refString="Chen, Z., Yang, X., Bu, F., Yang, X., Yang, X. &amp; Liu, J. (2010) Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea: Argasidae, Ixodidae) of China. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 51, 393 - 404. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 010 - 9335 - 2" type="journal article" year="2010">
Chen 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BB258CADB426F875" box="[269,328,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
, Zhang, G. 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B8048CADB706F875" box="[556,616,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2019) and Zhang, K.Y. 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B9B88CADB6A5F875" box="[912,971,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2019) did not mention the presence of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F01C701BABF8CF1B4CCF810" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,418,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701BABF8CF1B4CCF810" box="[151,418,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F01C701BBE08CF1B760F811" box="[456,526,1987,2013]" name="China" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">China</collectingCountry>
, but 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F01C701B86D8CF1B67CF811" author="Zhao, G. P. &amp; Wang, Y. X. &amp; Fan, Z. W. &amp; Ji, Y. &amp; Liu, M. J. &amp; Zhang, W. H. &amp; Li, X. L. &amp; Zhou, S. X. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Liang, S. &amp; Liu, W. &amp; Yang, Y. &amp; Fang, L. Q." box="[581,786,1987,2013]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref267094" refString="Zhao, G. P., Wang, Y. X., Fan, Z. W., Ji, Y., Liu, M. J., Zhang, W. H., Li, X. L., Zhou, S. X., Li, H., Liang, S., Liu, W., Yang, Y. &amp; Fang, L. Q. (2021) Mapping ticks and tick-borne pathogens in China. Nature Communications, 12 (article 1075), 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41467 - 021 - 21375 - 1" type="journal article" year="2021">
Zhao 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F01C701B8AF8CF1B7AEF811" box="[647,704,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2021)
</bibRefCitation>
listed this tick as found in that country, although without providing references more recent than 2018. 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700B8A18BA5B7A2FF7D" box="[649,716,151,177]" name="China" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">China</collectingCountry>
is therefore provisionally excluded from the range of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F00C700BF098BA5B471FF18" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BF098BA5B471FF18" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Livestock infestations with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F00C700B8468B89B615FF18" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[622,891,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700B8468B89B615FF18" box="[622,891,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in countries such as 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BE5A8B89B1DBFF19" box="[1138,1205,187,213]" name="Benin" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Benin</collectingCountry>
(Chiba 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BF3D8B89B5BDFF35" author="Chabi China, T. P. &amp; Gbangboche, A. B. &amp; Attindehou, S. &amp; Doko Allou, S. Y. &amp; Salifou, S. &amp; Pangui, L. J. &amp; Abiola, F. A." pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="2300 - 2315" refId="ref180948" refString="Chabi China, T. P., Gbangboche, A. B., Attindehou, S., Doko Allou, S. Y., Salifou, S., Pangui, L. J. &amp; Abiola, F. A. (2016) Elevage de bovins Somba et gestion de son ecologie parasitaire gastro-intestinal au Benin. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 10, 2300 - 2315. https: // doi. org / 10.4314 / ijbcs. v 10 i 5.28" type="journal article" year="2016">
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BF3D8B89B036FF19" box="[1301,1368,187,213]" name="China" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">China</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BF4A8B89B0F3FF19" box="[1378,1437,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BAC08BEDB429FF35" box="[232,327,223,249]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BB708BEDB747FF35" author="Walker, A. R. &amp; Bouattour, A. &amp; Camicas, J. L. &amp; Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Horak, I. G. &amp; Latif, A. A. &amp; Pegram, R. G. &amp; Preston, P. M." box="[344,553,223,249]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref262828" refString="Walker, A. R., Bouattour, A., Camicas, J. L., Estrada-Pena, A., Horak, I. G., Latif, A. A., Pegram, R. G. &amp; Preston, P. M. (2003) Ticks of Domestic Animals in Africa: a Guide to Identification of Species. Biosciences Report, Edinburgh, 221 pp." type="book" year="2003">
Walker 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BB988BEDB487FF35" box="[432,489,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
, Kebede &amp; Fatene 2012), 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700B97E8BEDB6FEFF35" box="[854,912,223,249]" name="India" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">India</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700B9898BEDB118FF35" author="Walker, A. R. &amp; Bouattour, A. &amp; Camicas, J. L. &amp; Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Horak, I. G. &amp; Latif, A. A. &amp; Pegram, R. G. &amp; Preston, P. M." box="[929,1142,223,249]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref262828" refString="Walker, A. R., Bouattour, A., Camicas, J. L., Estrada-Pena, A., Horak, I. G., Latif, A. A., Pegram, R. G. &amp; Preston, P. M. (2003) Ticks of Domestic Animals in Africa: a Guide to Identification of Species. Biosciences Report, Edinburgh, 221 pp." type="book" year="2003">
Walker 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700B9D28BEDB15DFF35" box="[1018,1075,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BEA88BEDB026FF35" author="Anish, R. K. &amp; Venu, R. &amp; Rayulu, V. C. &amp; Jacob, S. S. &amp; Srilatha, C. H. &amp; Surya, U. N. S. &amp; Pradeep, B. S. &amp; Prasad, T." box="[1152,1352,223,249]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="2346 - 2351" refId="ref169172" refString="Anish, R. K., Venu, R., Rayulu, V. C., Jacob, S. S., Srilatha, C. H., Surya, U. N. S., Pradeep, B. S. &amp; Prasad, T. (2020) Prevalence and diversity of ixodid tick fauna in domestic animals of Andhra Pradesh State, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 8, 2346 - 2351. https: // doi. org / 10.22271 / j. ento. 2020. v 8. i 5 af. 7825" type="journal article" year="2020">
Anish 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BEE38BEDB06AFF35" box="[1227,1284,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BF748BEDB5DBFED1" name="Nigeria" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BAEC8A31B4D8FED1" author="Mamman, A. H. &amp; Lorusso, V. &amp; Adam, B. M. &amp; Dogo, A. G. &amp; Bown, K. &amp; Birtles, R." box="[196,438,259,285]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref227798" refString="Mamman, A. H., Lorusso, V., Adam, B. M., Dogo, A. G., Bown, K. &amp; Birtles, R. (2021) First report of Theileria annulata in Nigeria: findings from cattle ticks in Zamfara and Sokoto States. Parasites &amp; Vectors, 14 (article 242), 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04731 - 4" type="journal article" year="2021">
Mamman 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BB118A31B41CFED1" box="[313,370,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BBE28A31B747FED1" box="[458,553,259,285]" name="Pakistan" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700B8108A31B78FFED1" author="Ali, A. &amp; Khan, M. A. &amp; Zahid, H. &amp; Yaseen, P. M. &amp; Khan, M. Q. &amp; Nawab, J. &amp; Rehman, Z. U. &amp; Ateeq, M. &amp; Khan, S. &amp; Ibrahim, M." box="[568,737,259,285]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref167870" refString="Ali, A., Khan, M. A., Zahid, H., Yaseen, P. M., Khan, M. Q., Nawab, J., Rehman, Z. U., Ateeq, M., Khan, S. &amp; Ibrahim, M. (2019) Seasonal dynamics, record of ticks infesting humans, wild and domestic animals and molecular phylogeny of Rhipicephalus microplus in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Frontiers in Physiology, 10 (article 793), 1 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fphys. 2019.00793" type="journal article" year="2019">
Ali 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700B84D8A31B7F0FED1" box="[613,670,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700B8C58A31B6CDFED1" author="Kasi, K. K. &amp; Arnim, F. &amp; Schulz, A. &amp; Rehman, A. &amp; Chudhary, A. &amp; Oneeb, M. &amp; Saas, M. A. &amp; Jamil, T. &amp; Maksinov, P. &amp; Sauter-Louis, C. &amp; Conraths, F. J. &amp; Groschup, M. H." box="[749,931,259,285]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1543 - 1552" refId="ref214079" refString="Kasi, K. K., Arnim, F., Schulz, A., Rehman, A., Chudhary, A., Oneeb, M., Saas, M. A., Jamil, T., Maksinov, P., Sauter-Louis, C., Conraths, F. J. &amp; Groschup, M. H. (2020). Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in ticks collected from livestock in Balochistan, Pakistan. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 67, 1543 - 1552. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / tbed. 13488" type="journal article" year="2020">
Kasi 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700B9008A31B60FFED1" box="[808,865,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
, and others), 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BE148A31B1F6FED1" box="[1084,1176,259,285]" name="Somalia" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Somalia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BE8F8A31B02CFED1" author="Pegram, R. G." box="[1191,1346,259,285]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="345 - 363" refId="ref241693" refString="Pegram, R. G. (1976) Ticks (Acarina, Ixodoidea) of the northern regions of the Somali Democratic Republic. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 66, 345 - 363. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 000748530000674 X" type="journal article" year="1976">Pegram 1976</bibRefCitation>
), 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BF7E8A31B0F2FED1" box="[1366,1436,259,285]" name="Sudan" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Sudan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BA888A15B41AFE8D" author="Walker, A. R. &amp; Bouattour, A. &amp; Camicas, J. L. &amp; Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Horak, I. G. &amp; Latif, A. A. &amp; Pegram, R. G. &amp; Preston, P. M." box="[160,372,295,321]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref262828" refString="Walker, A. R., Bouattour, A., Camicas, J. L., Estrada-Pena, A., Horak, I. G., Latif, A. A., Pegram, R. G. &amp; Preston, P. M. (2003) Ticks of Domestic Animals in Africa: a Guide to Identification of Species. Biosciences Report, Edinburgh, 221 pp." type="book" year="2003">
Walker 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BAD18A15B45CFE8D" box="[249,306,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BBA88A15B750FE8D" author="Elhaj, M. T. &amp; Taha, K. M. &amp; El Ghali, A. &amp; Hassan, S. M. &amp; Salih, D. A. &amp; Ahmed, J. &amp; Clausen, P. H. &amp; El Hussein, A. R. M." box="[384,574,295,321]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="37 - 46" refId="ref191323" refString="Elhaj, M. T., Taha, K. M., El Ghali, A., Hassan, S. M., Salih, D. A., Ahmed, J., Clausen, P. H. &amp; El Hussein, A. R. M. (2019) Baseline survey of ixodid ticks infesting cattle in Northern State, Sudan. Journal of Veterinary Science and Research, 1, 37 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.36811 / jvsr. 2019.110005" type="journal article" year="2019">
Elhaj 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BBEB8A15B493FE8D" box="[451,509,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700B8568A15B7BAFE8D" box="[638,724,295,321]" name="Zambia" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Zambia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700B8CD8A15B6A4FE8D" author="Kajihara, M. &amp; Simuunza, M. &amp; Saasa, N. &amp; Dautu, G. &amp; Mori-Kajihara, A. &amp; Qiu, Y. &amp; Nakao, R. &amp; Eto, Y. &amp; Furumoto, H. &amp; Hang'ombe, B. M. &amp; Orba, Y. &amp; Sawa, H. &amp; Simulundu, E. &amp; Fukushi, S. &amp; Morikawa, S. &amp; Saijo, M. &amp; Arikawa, J. &amp; Kabilika, S. &amp; Monze, M. &amp; Mukonka, V. &amp; Mweene, A. &amp; Takada, A. &amp; Yoshimatsu, K." box="[741,970,295,321]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref212795" refString="Kajihara, M., Simuunza, M., Saasa, N., Dautu, G., Mori-Kajihara, A., Qiu, Y., Nakao, R., Eto, Y., Furumoto, H., Hang'ombe, B. M., Orba, Y., Sawa, H., Simulundu, E., Fukushi, S., Morikawa, S., Saijo, M., Arikawa, J., Kabilika, S., Monze, M., Mukonka, V., Mweene, A., Takada, A. &amp; Yoshimatsu, K. (2021) Serologic and molecular evidence for circulation of CrimeanCongo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks and cattle in Zambia. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 15 (6) (article e 0009452), 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pntd. 0009452" type="journal article" year="2021">
Kajihara 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700B9658A15B6E8FE8D" box="[845,902,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
), among others, require further studies to determine whether the specimens collected were from established populations and to check the accuracy of species diagnoses. At the moment, none of these countries are included within the geographic distribution of this tick.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>