339 lines
42 KiB
XML
339 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="34EE91E2CB4DA9584A924AE9E79905D3">Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea — new records from the coast of Lebanon</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BBB405A4F1F2F254CB6AE0FD34865FE1">Harmelin, Jean-Georges</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="096F95AEE06E5E34061CF81EE165F434">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="95255B41F254FFF9EEE5E382E49C3EB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560049" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119597141" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5560049" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95255B41F254FFF9EEE5E382E49C3EB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/95255B41F254FFF9EEE5E382E49C3EB2" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
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<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF254FFFBEEE5E382E26D3BEC" box="[151,615,1761,1787]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1D33EA57F254FFFBEEE5E382E26D3BEC" blockId="17.[151,615,1761,1821]" box="[151,615,1761,1787]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
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<heading id="467B5D3BF254FFFBEEE5E382E26D3BEC" bold="true" box="[151,615,1761,1787]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F254FFFBEEE5E382E26D3BEC" bold="true" box="[151,615,1761,1787]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
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?
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F254FFFBEED7E382E26D3BEC" authority="Winston, 2005" authorityName="Winston" authorityYear="2005" box="[165,615,1761,1787]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sherryae">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F254FFFBEED7E382E1A63BEC" bold="true" box="[165,428,1761,1787]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Celleporaria sherryae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F254FFFBEFC6E382E26D3BEC" author="Winston" box="[436,615,1761,1787]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refString="Winston, J. E. (2005) Re-description and revision of Smitt's " Floridan Bryozoa " in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. Virginia Museum of Natural History Memoir, 7, i - x, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2005">Winston, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF254FFFBEEE5E267E18B3A0B" box="[151,385,1796,1821]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1D33EA57F254FFFBEEE5E267E18B3A0B" blockId="17.[151,615,1761,1821]" box="[151,385,1796,1821]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
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(
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<figureCitation id="85B7F6D2F254FFFBEEEDE267E0EA3A0B" box="[159,224,1796,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,956,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[152,1435,956,1471]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8.? Celleporaria sherryae Winston, 2005, Lebanon, Stn 11 A: A, four autozooids and a vicarious avicularium; B, non-ovicelled zooid with suboral adventitious avicularium and two spines (distalmost pair covered by secondary calcification); C, ovicelled zooid and two vicarious avicularia. Scale bars: A, C, 100 µm; B, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250305/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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A–C;
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<tableCitation id="500EDFECF254FFFBEF57E267E1723A0B" box="[293,376,1796,1821]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,239,652,675]" captionTargetBox="[159,1328,734,880]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 8.? Celleporaria sherryae, morphometrics of four colonies from Stns 5 A and 11 A; Av L refers to vicarious avicularia from Stn 11 A." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/49F3BADFF257FFF8EEE5E7EFE1953FD4" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" tableUuid="49F3BADFF257FFF8EEE5E7EFE1953FD4">Table 8</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF254FFFBEEE5E22FE2D73AA9" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F254FFFBEEE5E22FE4603A75" blockId="17.[151,1436,1868,1982]" box="[151,1130,1868,1890]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
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||
?
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F254FFFBEED0E22FE1F33A75" authority="Busk, 1881" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1881" box="[162,505,1868,1890]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Holoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="vagans">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F254FFFBEED0E22FE1613A75" box="[162,363,1868,1890]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Holoporella vagans</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F254FFFBEF0AE22FE1FB3A75" author="Busk" box="[376,497,1868,1890]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refString="Busk, G. (1881) Descriptive catalogue of the species of Cellepora collected on the " Challenger " Expedition. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 15, 341 - 356." type="journal article" year="1881">Busk, 1881</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F254FFFBEC71E22FE2D53A75" author="Canu" box="[515,735,1868,1890]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refString="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1928) Fossil and Recent Bryozoa of the Gulf of Mexico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 72, 1 - 199. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.72 - 2710.1" type="journal article" year="1928">Canu & Bassler 1928</bibRefCitation>
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: 148, pl. 25, figs 7–13, text-fig. 33e–g.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D33EA57F254FFFBEEE5E209E1413A88" blockId="17.[151,1436,1868,1982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
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?
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F254FFFBEED0E209E2123A97" authority="Winston 1986" authorityName="Winston" authorityYear="1986" box="[162,536,1898,1920]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subalba">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F254FFFBEED0E209E1713A97" box="[162,379,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Celleporaria subalba</emphasis>
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: Winston 1986
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 14, figs 31–34. Non
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F254FFFBED78E209E4F93A97" authority="Canu & Bassler, 1928: 146" authorityName="Canu & Bassler" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1928" box="[778,1267,1898,1920]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Holoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subalba">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F254FFFBED78E209E3D03A97" box="[778,986,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Holoporella subalba</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F254FFFBED93E209E4CB3A97" author="Canu" box="[993,1217,1898,1920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refString="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1928) Fossil and Recent Bryozoa of the Gulf of Mexico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 72, 1 - 199. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.72 - 2710.1" type="journal article" year="1928">Canu & Bassler, 1928</bibRefCitation>
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: 146
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 25, figs 1–6, text-fig. 33b.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F254FFFBEEE5E2CBE2D73AA9" blockId="17.[151,1436,1868,1982]" box="[151,733,1960,1982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3D9CCD79F254FFFBEEE5E2CBE2D73AA9" box="[151,733,1960,1982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
|
||
?
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||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F254FFFBEED0E2CBE24C3AA9" authority="Winston, 2005: 51" authorityName="Winston" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="2005" box="[162,582,1960,1982]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sherryae">
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||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F254FFFBEED0E2CBE1893AA9" box="[162,387,1960,1982]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Celleporaria sherryae</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F254FFFBEFF8E2CBE24C3AA9" author="Winston" box="[394,582,1960,1982]" page="51" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F254FFFBEFF8E2CBE22B3AA9" author="Winston" box="[394,545,1960,1982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refString="Winston, J. E. (2005) Re-description and revision of Smitt's " Floridan Bryozoa " in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. Virginia Museum of Natural History Memoir, 7, i - x, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2005">Winston, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 51
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs 141–142.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF257FFF8EEE5E5F4E4933DEF" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F257FFF8EEE5E5F4E4933DEF" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EEE5E5F4E18B3DA7" bold="true" box="[151,385,151,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EFF8E5FBE2AC3DA7" box="[394,678,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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Specimens from
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<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F257FFF8EC36E5F4E2AC3DA7" box="[580,678,151,176]" name="Lebanon" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: 1) Stn 5A, 3 colonies on concretions and skeleton of
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EB61E5F4E5963DA7" box="[1299,1436,151,176]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Polycyathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EB61E5F4E5963DA7" box="[1299,1436,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Polycyathus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(scleractinian); 2) Stn 11A, 1 colony on
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EC27E5DFE2C23DC2" box="[597,712,188,213]" class="Bivalvia" family="Spondylidae" genus="Spondylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EC27E5DFE2C23DC2" box="[597,712,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Spondylus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shell from rocky wall.
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EDBEE5DFE4EE3DC2" box="[972,1252,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Other material examined</emphasis>
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||
: SEM photos of a specimen from
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<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F257FFF8EF2AE5BCE1953DEF" box="[344,415,223,248]" name="Brazil" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, São Sebastião (São Paulo), attributed to
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8ED1CE583E3EE3DEF" box="[878,996,223,248]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mordax">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8ED1CE583E3EE3DEF" box="[878,996,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">C. mordax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by L.M. Vieira.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF257FFF8EEB5E467E0C03F77" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F257FFF8EEB5E467E0C03F77" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EEB5E467E1533C0A" bold="true" box="[199,345,260,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Description.</emphasis>
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Colony encrusting, multilamellar, generally small, moderately calcified. Frontal shield finely nodular or smooth, 6–8 small to medium-sized marginal pseudopores. Orifice broader than long, anter semicircular, poster with sides slightly concave and indented by small U-shaped sinus, condyles lacking; operculum light brown. Orificial spines 4, occasionally 5–6, or 2 when distal ones immersed in secondary calcification, often long (up to 425 µm) and persistent. Small adventitious suboral avicularium placed on raised, bulging cystid just below sinus, directed upwardly and facing laterally, rostrum rounded with distal edge serrated by 3–5 broad, triangular teeth. Vicarious avicularia arising by frontal budding in largest colonies, large, with sides parallel or slightly concave, tip rounded, often with low visor, distal palate medium-sized, crossbar complete, without columella. Ooecium forming open, relatively narrow, slightly nodular hood, leaving proximalmost spines free.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="49F3BADFF257FFF8EEE5E7EFE1953FD4" ID-Table-UUID="49F3BADFF257FFF8EEE5E7EFE1953FD4" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/49F3BADFF257FFF8EEE5E7EFE1953FD4" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" targetBox="[159,1328,734,880]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="18">
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||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F257FFF8EEE5E7EFE1953FD4" blockId="18.[151,1436,652,707]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EEE5E7EFE1013FB4" bold="true" box="[151,267,652,675]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">TABLE 8.</emphasis>
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||
?
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EF50E7EFE2193FB4" box="[290,531,652,675]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sherryae">
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||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EF50E7EFE2193FB4" box="[290,531,652,675]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Celleporaria sherryae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, morphometrics of four colonies from Stns 5A and 11A; Av L refers to vicarious avicularia from Stn 11A.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F257FFF8EEEDE7BCE5283E67" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<table id="6F8C18F7F2570015EEEDE7BDE53A3E67" box="[159,1328,734,880]" gridcols="5" gridrows="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<tr id="A3BCE815F2570015EEEDE7BDE53A3FE3" box="[159,1328,734,756]" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2570015EEEDE7BDE11E3FE3" box="[159,276,734,756]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EEEDE7BCE11E3FE3" box="[159,276,734,756]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sherryae">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EEEDE7BCE11E3FE3" box="[159,276,734,756]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">C. sherryae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2570015EC26E7BDE2703FE3" box="[596,634,734,756]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">X</th>
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2570015ED63E7BDE33B3FE3" box="[785,817,734,756]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">SD</th>
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2570015EDCEE7BDE41E3FE3" box="[956,1044,734,756]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Range</th>
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2570015EB64E7BDE53A3FE3" box="[1302,1328,734,756]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">N</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A3BCE815F2570015EEEDE66BE53A3E09" box="[159,1328,776,798]" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2570015EEEDE66BE11E3E09" box="[159,276,776,798]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Or L</th>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015EC26E66BE2703E09" box="[596,634,776,798]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">131</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015ED63E66BE33B3E09" box="[785,817,776,798]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">8</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015EDCEE66BE41E3E09" box="[956,1044,776,798]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">115–145</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015EB64E66BE53A3E09" box="[1302,1328,776,798]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">30</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A3BCE815F2570015EEEDE652E53A3E50" box="[159,1328,817,839]" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2570015EEEDE652E11E3E50" box="[159,276,817,839]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Or W</th>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015EC26E652E2703E50" box="[596,634,817,839]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">164</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015ED63E652E33B3E50" box="[785,817,817,839]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">8</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015EDCEE652E41E3E50" box="[956,1044,817,839]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">145–175</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015EB64E652E53A3E50" box="[1302,1328,817,839]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">30</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A3BCE815F2570015EEEDE639E53A3E67" box="[159,1328,858,880]" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2570015EEEDE639E11E3E67" box="[159,276,858,880]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Av L</th>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015EC26E639E2703E67" box="[596,634,858,880]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">262</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015ED63E639E33B3E67" box="[785,817,858,880]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">41</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015EDCEE639E41E3E67" box="[956,1044,858,880]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">205–315</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2570015EB64E639E53A3E67" box="[1302,1328,858,880]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="49F3BADFF257FFF8EEE5E0B7E3FC3B30" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250305/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" targetBox="[152,1434,956,1470]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F257FFF8EEE5E0B7E3FC3B30" blockId="18.[151,1436,1492,1575]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EEE5E0B7E11F38FD" bold="true" box="[151,277,1492,1514]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EF5BE0B7E2BA38FD" authority="Winston, 2005" authorityName="Winston" authorityYear="2005" box="[297,688,1492,1514]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sherryae">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EF5BE0B7E20738FD" box="[297,525,1492,1514]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Celleporaria sherryae</emphasis>
|
||
Winston, 2005
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Lebanon, Stn 11A:
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EDFBE0B7E3AB38FD" bold="true" box="[905,929,1492,1514]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">A,</emphasis>
|
||
four autozooids and a vicarious avicularium;
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EBF6E0B7E59138FD" bold="true" box="[1412,1435,1492,1514]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">B,</emphasis>
|
||
non-ovicelled zooid with suboral adventitious avicularium and two spines (distalmost pair covered by secondary calcification);
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EEE5E372E0BA3B30" bold="true" box="[151,176,1553,1575]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">C,</emphasis>
|
||
ovicelled zooid and two vicarious avicularia. Scale bars: A, C, 100 µm; B, 50 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF257FFF9EEB5E32CE49C3EB2" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="320" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F257FFF9EEB5E32CE49C3EB2" blockId="18.[151,1436,1615,2037]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,933]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="320" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EEB5E32CE1313B7F" bold="true" box="[199,315,1615,1640]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The Lebanese specimens belong to a group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8ED2EE32CE3E73B7F" box="[860,1005,1615,1640]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8ED2EE32CE3E73B7F" box="[860,1005,1615,1640]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Celleporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species having in common a primary orifice with a semicircular anter, a slightly concave poster with a median notch, a small, suboral adventitious avicularium with serrated rostrum facing laterally at the tip of a bulging mucro, and generally four oral spines. This species group includes at least
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EF87E3DFE3923BC3" authority="Marcus, 1937" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1937" box="[501,920,1724,1749]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mordax">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EF87E3DFE2E93BC2" box="[501,739,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Celleporaria mordax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F257FFF8EC80E3DFE3853BC3" author="Marcus" box="[754,911,1724,1748]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Marcus, E. (1937) Bryozoarios marinhos Brasileiros, 1. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 1, 5 - 224, 29 pls." type="journal article" year="1937">Marcus, 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F257FFF8EDACE3DFE42F3BC2" box="[990,1061,1724,1749]" name="Brazil" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, a species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F257FFF8EAAEE3DFE53C3BC2" box="[1244,1334,1724,1749]" name="Jamaica" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
ascribed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EEC6E383E1203BEF" box="[180,298,1759,1784]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mordax">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EEC6E383E1203BEF" box="[180,298,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">C. mordax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Winston (1986, p. 13, figs 27–30),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8ECADE3BCE48F3BEF" authority="Winston, 2005" authorityName="Winston" authorityYear="2005" box="[735,1157,1759,1784]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sherryae">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8ECADE3BCE3D33BEF" box="[735,985,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Celleporaria sherryae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F257FFF8ED92E3BCE48F3BEF" author="Winston" box="[992,1157,1759,1784]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Winston, J. E. (2005) Re-description and revision of Smitt's " Floridan Bryozoa " in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. Virginia Museum of Natural History Memoir, 7, i - x, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2005">Winston, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Florida, Caribbean and Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F257FFF8EF6FE267E17F3A0A" box="[285,373,1796,1821]" name="Mexico" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EFF2E267E3053A0B" authority="Hincks, 1882" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1882" box="[384,783,1796,1821]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="aperta">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EFF2E267E26A3A0B" box="[384,608,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Celleporaria aperta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F257FFF8EC1DE267E30C3A0B" author="Hincks" box="[623,774,1796,1821]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Hincks, T. (1882) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. IX. Foreign Cheilostomata (miscellaneous). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 9, 116 - 126, pl. 5." type="journal article" year="1882">Hincks, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Indo-Pacific realm, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EAFAE267E14C3A57" authority="Hayward, 1988" authorityName="Hayward" authorityYear="1988" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mauritiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EAFAE267E5963A0B" box="[1160,1436,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Celleporaria mauritiana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F257FFF8EEE5E244E14C3A57" author="Hayward" box="[151,326,1831,1856]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Hayward, P. J. (1988) Mauritian cheilostome Bryozoa. Journal of Zoology, London, 215, 269 - 356. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1988. tb 04900. x" type="journal article" year="1988">Hayward, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F257FFF8EFFDE244E20A3A57" box="[399,512,1831,1856]" name="Mauritius" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Each of these species differs from the others in several features that need to be better characterized, the most apparent criteria being
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EC9BE22EE3353A73" box="[745,831,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">a priori</emphasis>
|
||
the presence or absence of condyles at the base of the anter and the shape of the vicarious avicularia. For instance, specimens from NW Florida assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EB66E20CE0E63ABA" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Holoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mordax">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EB66E20CE0E63ABA" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Holoporella mordax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F257FFF8EF6EE2F7E1A13ABA" author="Shier" box="[284,427,1940,1965]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Shier, E. D. (1964) Marine Bryozoa from northwest Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 14 (4), 603 - 662." type="journal article" year="1964">Shier (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
differ in having vicarious avicularia with a rostral chamber apparently occulted by the palate except for a central keyhole-shaped lucida. SEM photos of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F257FFF8EA6CE2DBE49F3AC7" box="[1054,1173,1975,2000]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Holoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mordax">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F257FFF8EA6CE2DBE49F3AC7" box="[1054,1173,1975,2000]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">C. mordax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recently collected near the type-locality of this species (courtesy of L. Vieira and J. Winston) show vicarious avicularia having the rostrum with concave edges, a serrated tip and its greatest width at the level of the columella. The Lebanese specimens closely resemble the Jamaican specimens illustrated by Winston (1986) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F256FFF9EA73E5DEE4733DC2" box="[1025,1145,188,213]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Holoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mordax">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F256FFF9EA73E5DEE4733DC2" box="[1025,1145,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. mordax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which belong in fact to another species (J.E. Winston, pers. comm.
|
||
<date id="6932CC97F256FFF9ECFCE583E3153DEF" box="[654,799,224,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" value="2014-06-03">3 June 2014</date>
|
||
). They have in common similar-shaped orifices lacking condyles, with a small sinus, four oral spines, a small suboral avicularium with few broad distal teeth and large vicarious avicularia with a rounded tip but not distinctly spatulate. The only apparent difference may be the width of the sinus, which is broader in the Jamaican species. The Lebanese material also presents some features in common with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F256FFF9EF32E413E26D3C9F" authority="Hincks, 1882" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1882" box="[320,615,367,392]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="aperta">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F256FFF9EF32E413E1A43C9F" box="[320,430,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. aperta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9EFB3E40CE26A3C9F" author="Hincks" box="[449,608,367,392]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Hincks, T. (1882) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. IX. Foreign Cheilostomata (miscellaneous). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 9, 116 - 126, pl. 5." type="journal article" year="1882">Hincks, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including a small U-shaped sinus, up to four oral spines and a small suboral avicularium whose irregular edge is scalloped (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9ED74E4F7E4343CBA" author="Winston" box="[774,1086,404,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Winston, J. E. & Heimberg, B. F. (1986) Bryozoans from Bali, Lombok, and Komodo. American Museum Novitates, 2847, 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1986">Winston & Heimberg 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This Indo-Pacific species has been recorded from the Red Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9EC55E4DBE2B73CC7" author="Waters" box="[551,701,440,464]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Waters, A. W. (1909) Reports on the marine biology of the Sudanese Red Sea. XII. The Bryozoa. Part I. - Cheilostomata. Journal of the Linnean Society, London, Zoology, 31 (205), 123 - 181. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1909. tb 00458. x" type="journal article" year="1909">Waters 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the Suez Canal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9EDEBE4D4E4493CC7" author="Hastings" box="[921,1091,439,464]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Hastings, A. B. (1927) Cambridge expedition to the Suez Canal, 1924. Pt. 20. Report on the Polyzoa. Transactions of the Zoological Society, London, 22, 331 - 353." type="journal article" year="1927">Hastings 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the Eastern and central Mediterranean, i.e.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F256FFF9EF06E4BFE1B83CE2" box="[372,434,476,501]" name="Israel" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9EFB0E4BFE26B3CE2" author="Powell" box="[450,609,476,501]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Powell, N. A. (1969 a) Indo-Pacific Bryozoa new to the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 18, 157 - 168." type="journal article" year="1969" yearSuffix="a">Powell 1969a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9EC1CE4BFE2E73CE3" author="Eitan" box="[622,749,476,501]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Eitan, G. (1972) Contributions to the knowledge of Suez Canal migration. Additions to the bryozoan fauna of the Suez Canal. Israel Journal of Zoology, 21, 377 - 384." type="journal article" year="1972">Eitan 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; d’Hondt 1988) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F256FFF9EDAAE4BFE4133CE2" box="[984,1049,476,501]" name="Malta" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Malta</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Agius
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F256FFF9EA04E4BEE4A23CE2" box="[1142,1192,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1977). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9EEE5E49CE1EA3F0F" author="Winston" box="[151,480,511,536]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Winston, J. E. & Heimberg, B. F. (1986) Bryozoans from Bali, Lombok, and Komodo. American Museum Novitates, 2847, 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1986">Winston & Heimberg (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C23754F5F256FFF9ECB4E763E2FC3F0F" box="[710,758,512,536]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F256FFF9ED6CE763E3833F0F" box="[798,905,512,536]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="aperta">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F256FFF9ED6CE763E3833F0F" box="[798,905,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. aperta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the rostrum of the vicarious avicularia of this species is subtriangular and serrated, thus clearly different from these structures in the Lebanese specimens. They also pointed out that several species were mixed together under this name, particularly by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9EAC7E72BE5683F77" author="Harmer" box="[1205,1378,583,608]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition Part 4, Cheilostomata, Ascophora II. Siboga-Expeditie, 28 d, i - xv, 641 - 1147, pls 42 - 74." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F256FFF9EF20E70FE1943F92" box="[338,414,620,645]" name="Ghana" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, West Africa, ascribed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F256FFF9ECB6E70EE3243F93" box="[708,814,621,644]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="aperta">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F256FFF9ECB6E70EE3243F93" box="[708,814,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. aperta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9ED29E70FE3E93F92" author="Cook" box="[859,995,620,645]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Cook, P. L. (1968) Bryozoa (Polyzoa) from the coasts of tropical West Africa. Atlantide Report, 10, 115 - 262." type="journal article" year="1968">Cook (1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9ED82E70FE4213F92" author="Cook" box="[1008,1067,620,645]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Cook, P. L. (1985) Bryozoa from Ghana. A preliminary survey. Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Sciences Zoologiques, 238, 1 - 315." type="journal article" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), who noticed relationships with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F256FFF9EEE5E7F3E1073FBF" box="[151,269,655,680]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Holoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mordax">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F256FFF9EEE5E7F3E1073FBF" box="[151,269,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. mordax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, may belong to another species. Finally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F256FFF9EC91E7F3E36D3FBF" box="[739,871,655,680]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sherryae">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F256FFF9EC91E7F3E36D3FBF" box="[739,871,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. sherryae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, well-illustrated in Winston (1986) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F256FFF9EB53E7F3E1AF3FDB" authority="Canu & Bassler, 1928" authorityName="Canu & Bassler" authorityYear="1928" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Holoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subalba">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F256FFF9EB53E7F3E5963FBF" box="[1313,1436,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. subalba</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9EEECE7D7E1973FDB" author="Canu" box="[158,413,692,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1928) Fossil and Recent Bryozoa of the Gulf of Mexico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 72, 1 - 199. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.72 - 2710.1" type="journal article" year="1928">Canu & Bassler, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9EFAFE7D7E28A3FDA" author="Winston" box="[477,640,692,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Winston, J. E. (2005) Re-description and revision of Smitt's " Floridan Bryozoa " in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. Virginia Museum of Natural History Memoir, 7, i - x, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2005">Winston 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), is the species that appears to present the greatest similarity with the Lebanese specimens, as confirmed by J. Winston (pers. comm.
|
||
<date id="6932CC97F256FFF9ED1CE7BBE3F43FE7" box="[878,1022,728,752]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" value="2014-06-03">3 June 2014</date>
|
||
). Similarities between them concern the orifice, the adventitious avicularium, the oral spines, the form of the frontal shield and the pale color of operculum.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F256FFF9EF6CE67CE2133E2F" box="[286,537,799,824]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sherryae">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F256FFF9EF6CE67CE2133E2F" box="[286,537,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Celleporaria sherryae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is frequent in fouling (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9ED52E67CE3CE3E2F" author="Winston" box="[800,964,799,824]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Winston, J. E. (2005) Re-description and revision of Smitt's " Floridan Bryozoa " in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. Virginia Museum of Natural History Memoir, 7, i - x, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2005">Winston 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a trait which promotes human-mediated dispersal. However, unlike the Lebanese specimens, its colonies are massive (Winston, pers. comm.) and the shape of the vicarious avicularia is slightly different. Thus, the Lebanese specimens are only provisionally ascribed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F256FFF9EBF0E60BE0F33EB2" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Celleporaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sherryae">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F256FFF9EBF0E60BE0F33EB2" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. sherryae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but, as noticed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F256FFF9EFA1E6EFE28F3EB2" author="Winston" box="[467,645,908,933]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Winston, J. E. (2005) Re-description and revision of Smitt's " Floridan Bryozoa " in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. Virginia Museum of Natural History Memoir, 7, i - x, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2005">Winston (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, revision of the whole species group is needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |