300 lines
38 KiB
XML
300 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="EDCA5238FE6826C1CC1934AA55AAA6C2" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2019.1634772" ID-GBIF-Dataset="07592748-1046-4033-86f6-385de81795d7" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3673463" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1582027693774" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="St Laurent, Ryan A. & Giusti, Alessandro" docDate="2019" docId="03F75269FFA3C84A4E83133AFBB1D822" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.53.19–20.1209–1246.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 53 (19)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zaphanta elephanta St Laurent & Giusti 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="6A57E1CC-D3E5-4E45-8C82-7006295ADF1F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="1230" masterDocId="FFCE2A11FFB7C85C4F621005FFDEDB35" masterDocTitle="Revision of Zaphanta Dyarı 1910 (Lepidoptera: Mimallonidae: Zaphantinae) ı with descriptions of nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="1246" masterPageNumber="1209" pageNumber="1228" updateTime="1698718885971" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2FF0143F7F460BEF54046B19C858C9BB">
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<mods:title id="A1CBE0ACDBE1C4AAAA68A805070C2272">Revision of Zaphanta Dyarı 1910 (Lepidoptera: Mimallonidae: Zaphantinae) ı with descriptions of nine new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2D73821FF07A7CF7951B341B978A3537">St Laurent, Ryan A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="97B85884B58BBBE45627A2EF24B57420">Giusti, Alessandro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BB0FD6BF9A6031FFBBA3622227818B7F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="52C7E6117E5E8631C2BB23928DEA804A">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DC084632B74DE29BE02549FAECBC4796">
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<mods:date id="CD0F15BEAAAF720D090B3B97117808EE">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FF95B3AA0128F5DCE9698510A943FFA9">2019-07-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8B0D4072716B2694DE00B3FF5B43F5EE">53</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5C84AB46DEC22053017294F64CEE7456">19</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="285F145E849420FFE5475D8297085FED" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2019.1634772</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F75269FFA3C84A4E83133AFBB1D822" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3679831" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162162025" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3679831" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6A57E1CC-D3E5-4E45-8C82-7006295ADF1F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F75269FFA3C84A4E83133AFBB1D822" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="1230" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">
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<subSubSection id="C344B0F4FFA3C8484E83133AFC9DD86C" box="[481,835,831,857]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA3C8484E83133AFC9DD86C" blockId="20.[268,1047,831,926]" box="[481,835,831,857]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">
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<heading id="D0A95413FFA3C8484E83133AFC9DD86C" box="[481,835,831,857]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484E83133AFD03D86D" authority="St Laurent & Giusti, 2019" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[481,733,831,856]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484E83133AFD03D86D" bold="true" box="[481,733,831,856]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Zaphanta elephanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2198216FFA3C8484D841345FC9DD86C" box="[742,835,832,857]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C344B0F4FFA3C8484E9E1367FBC9D8AB" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA3C8484E9E1367FBC9D8AB" blockId="20.[268,1047,831,926]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1365FFFAFFA3C8484D611367FDA4D84E" box="[515,634,866,891]" captionStart="Figures 11–14" captionStartId="11.[160,235,1293,1316]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,143,1275]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1153,142,1276]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 11–14. Zaphanta adults; a = dorsal, b = ventral. 11. Z. elephanta Ƌ holotype, Brazil, Amazonas, Fonte Boa (NHMUK). 12. Z. elephanta ♀ paratype, Brazil, Amazonas, Fonte Boa (NHMUK). 13. Z. elephanticula Ƌ paratype, Brazil, Amazonas, Reserva Ducke, km 26, Manaus- Itacoatiara Highway (CNC). 14. Z. elephanticula Ƌ holotype, Brazil, Amazonas, Reserva Ducke, km 26, Manaus-Itacoatiara Highway (CNC). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3673471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3673471/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Figures 11</figureCitation>
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, 12, 30, 39, 42)
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<uri id="FFCFEF7DFFA3C8484E6E1380FBC9D8AB" box="[268,1047,901,926]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFF8D9AAFFA3C8484D751380FBC9D8AB" box="[535,1047,901,926]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">6A57E1CC-D3E5-4E45-8C82-7006295ADF1F</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C344B0F4FFA3C8484FC213E9FDFEDD8F" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA3C8484FC213E9FECADF30" blockId="20.[160,1156,1004,1722]" box="[160,276,1004,1029]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484FC213E9FECADF30" bold="true" box="[160,276,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA3C8484FC2140AFDFEDD8F" blockId="20.[160,1156,1004,1722]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484FC2140AFEA1DF12" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[160,383,1039,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484FC2140AFEA1DF12" box="[160,383,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Zaphanta elephanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is one of the largest
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484D0C140AFD07DF12" authorityName="Dyari" authorityYear="1910" box="[622,729,1039,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484D0C140AFD07DF12" box="[622,729,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Zaphanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species. Although most
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484C8C140AFB87DF12" authorityName="Dyari" authorityYear="1910" box="[1006,1113,1039,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484C8C140AFB87DF12" box="[1006,1113,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Zaphanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are quite similar in external appearance,
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484D211437FD15DF7F" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[579,715,1074,1098]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484D211437FD15DF7F" box="[579,715,1074,1098]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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displays darker, more reddish colouration than any congeners (except
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484D781451FD16DF59" authority="St Laurent & Giusti, 2019" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[538,712,1108,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanticula" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484D781451FD16DF59" box="[538,712,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanticula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2198216FFA3C8484DB31451FCF7DF59" box="[721,809,1108,1132]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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below), particularly evident in the male
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<typeStatus id="54E55DDDFFA3C8484E6E1472FEADDFBA" box="[268,371,1143,1167]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. This darker colouration is also present on the head, ventrally on the thorax and on the legs in the male, such that the entire body colouration is more red than yellow. The genitalia of both sexes of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484DC114B9FCF1DFE1" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[675,815,1212,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484DC114B9FCF1DFE1" box="[675,815,1212,1236]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are remarkably distinct from those of most other species of
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484D6514DAFCD4DFC2" box="[519,778,1247,1271]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484D6514DAFDAFDFC2" authorityName="Dyari" authorityYear="1910" box="[519,625,1247,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zaphanta</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484DE314DAFCD4DFC2" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[641,778,1247,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">Z. elephanta</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484C2514DAFC2BDFC2" authority="St Laurent & Giusti, 2019" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[839,1013,1247,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanticula" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484C2514DAFC2BDFC2" box="[839,1013,1247,1271]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanticula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2198216FFA3C8484C9D14DAFB86DFC2" box="[1023,1112,1247,1271]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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are the only known
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484E051507FE0CDE2F" authorityName="Dyari" authorityYear="1910" box="[359,466,1282,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484E051507FE0CDE2F" box="[359,466,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Zaphanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with a pair of sharp, heavily sclerotised spines extending outward from the subuncal region. The general structure of the genitalia is similar when comparing
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484E471542FE6FDE6A" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[293,433,1351,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484E471542FE6FDE6A" box="[293,433,1351,1375]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484E901542FD7DDE6A" authority="St Laurent & Giusti, 2019" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[498,675,1351,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanticula" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484E901542FD7DDE6A" box="[498,675,1351,1375]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanticula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2198216FFA3C8484DCD1542FCD3DE6A" box="[687,781,1351,1375]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, but in the former the uncus is broader, and the costal valvae apodemes are more extended outward and covered in dense setae with a tusk-like projection (this tusk-like projection is absent in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484FC215AAFE91DEF2" authority="St Laurent & Giusti, 2019" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[160,335,1455,1479]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanticula" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484FC215AAFE91DEF2" box="[160,335,1455,1479]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanticula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2198216FFA3C8484E3815AAFE6ADEF2" box="[346,436,1455,1479]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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) basally that extends nearly the entire length of the relatively small, concave valvae. The inner margins of the valvae are mostly smooth and lack the dense tufts of setae present in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484D7315F1FD1FDD39" authority="St Laurent & Giusti, 2019" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[529,705,1524,1548]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanticula" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484D7315F1FD1FDD39" box="[529,705,1524,1548]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanticula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2198216FFA3C8484DAE15F1FCF9DD39" box="[716,807,1524,1548]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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The transtilla plate is narrow, reduced to a mesal band of sclerotisation below the tegumen in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484CE31612FBD7DD1A" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[897,1033,1559,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484CE31612FBD7DD1A" box="[897,1033,1559,1583]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, while this plate is narrower and Y-shaped in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484D44163FFD0DDD67" authority="St Laurent & Giusti, 2019" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[550,723,1594,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanticula" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484D44163FFD0DDD67" box="[550,723,1594,1618]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanticula</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2198216FFA3C8484DBE163FFCEDDD67" box="[732,819,1594,1618]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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The phallus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA3C8484C80163FFBB5DD67" authorityName="St Laurent & Giusti" authorityYear="2019" box="[994,1131,1594,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA3C8484C80163FFBB5DD67" box="[994,1131,1594,1618]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1228">Z. elephanta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinctly bilobed dorsally, and substantially less strongly sclerotised along its apical ventral projection. The female genitalia are most distinct in the presence of a bilobed, seta-covered dorsal tergite of VIII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344B0F4FFA2C8494FC2108BFD94DD27" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA2C8494FC2108BFEF8DB92" blockId="21.[160,1156,142,999]" box="[160,294,142,167]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA2C8494FC2108BFEF8DB92" bold="true" box="[160,294,142,167]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA2C8494FC210B4FDEBD8D2" blockId="21.[160,1156,142,999]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA2C8494FC210B4FF3FDBFF" bold="true" box="[160,225,177,202]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Head: As for genus but darker red-brown rather than yellow; apical segment of labial palpus not darkly scaled. Thorax: As for genus, but slightly pinker overall, ventrally darker pink-red. Legs: As for genus but clothed in darker pink-red scales, darker scale rings at terminus of tibia less contrasting due to darker overall leg colouration. Fore wing dorsum: Fore wing length: 11 mm, wingspan: 19 mm, n = 1. As for genus, but margin more mesally pointed, colouration more suffused with pinkish red, especially antemedially. Fore wing ventrum: As for genus. Hind wing dorsum: As for genus, but margin more mesally pointed, colouration almost entirely suffused with pink-red. Hind wing ventrum: As for genus, antemedial line particularly well defined and straight. Abdomen: As for genus, but more robust overall, colouration slightly pink. Genitalia: (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365FFFAFFA2C8494FCA1209FEC9D911" box="[168,279,524,548]" captionStart="Figures 30–31" captionStartId="29.[160,235,1446,1469]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,147,1415]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figures 30–31. Zaphanta male genitalia;a = ventral,b = lateral,c = phallus,lateral aspect.30. Z.elephanta holotype, Brazil, Amazonas, Fonte Boa, genitalia vial NHMUK 010402347 (NHMUK). 31. Z. elephanticula holotype, Brazil, Amazonas, Reserva Ducke, km 26, Manaus-Itacoatiara Highway (CNC). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3673479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3673479/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">Figure 30</figureCitation>
|
||
) n = 1. Vinculum ovoid, somewhat rectangular dorsally at juncture with tegumen. Tegumen narrow, elongate, ventral margins parallel without converging mesally. Uncus triangular and heavily sclerotised apically, apex truncated and mesally indented. Subuncus projection forming a closed ring with lateral margins of tegumen, although mesally less heavily sclerotised except for very thickly sclerotised pair of distally convergent sharp points that project outward; uncus-tegumen complex narrower than vinculum, and nearly as long. Transtilla reduced to mesal sclerotised band below tegumen. Valvae rounded, smaller than vinculum, sacculus somewhat thickened, distally extended. Costal base of valvae (valva apodeme) extended and densely covered in elongate setae, sharp tusk-like processes extend from outward projection of costal valvae apodeme, tusk-like process spans nearly length of valva. Caecum of phallus equal in length to distal half of phallus, caecum phallus rounded. Phallus distally broadened, dorsally with paired lobes, ventral extension of phallus about as sclerotised as remainder of phallus; phallus smooth laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA2C8494FC21411FD94DD27" blockId="21.[160,1156,1044,1554]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA2C8494FC21411FF23DF18" bold="true" box="[160,253,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Head: As for male, but colouration lighter (light brown), apical segment of labial palpus covered in dark scales. Thorax: As for male. Legs: As for genus. Fore wing dorsum: Fore wing length: 11 mm, wingspan: 22 mm, n = 1. As for male but wings slightly broader overall, marginal area in particular darker and more uniformly purple, especially tornus. Fore wing ventrum: As for male, but antemedial shading and antemedial line less developed, purplish shading near tornus more pronounced, discal spot more pronounced. Hind wing dorsum: As for male but with more darkly defined antemedial and marginal areas. Hind wing ventrum: As for male, but antemedial line less straight. Abdomen: As for male, but colouration lighter. Genitalia: (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365FFFAFFA2C8494CA5152FFBEFDE77" box="[967,1073,1322,1346]" captionStart="Figures 38–40" captionStartId="32.[160,235,1449,1472]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1432]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[163,1153,142,1432]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figures 38–40. Zaphanta female genitalia; a = ventral, b = dorsal, c = lateral. 38. Z. infantilis French Guiana, St. Jean du Maroni, genitalia vial NHMUK 010402342 [note: ductus and corpus bursae not shown in Figure 38b; Figure 38a reused with permission from St Laurent and Kawahara (2019), ZooKeys] (NHMUK). 39. Z. elephanta paratype, Brazil, Amazonas, Fonte Boa, genitalia vial NHMUK 010402348 [note: ductus corpus bursae not preserved] (NHMUK). 40. Z. fraterna Costa Rica, Alajuela, Potrero Argentina, 520 m, 12-SRNP-2303, St Laurent diss.: USNMENT 01373361 [note: Figure 40a not to scale] (USNM). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3673485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3673485/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">Figure 39</figureCitation>
|
||
) n = 1. As for genus, but tergite VIII bilobed, both lobes covered in short setae, region of VIII tergite proximal to base of papillae anales covered in setae, anterior margin of tergite VIII rectangular; sternite VIII weakly sclerotised, poorly defined. Ostium bursae globular, bowl-like, more heavily sclerotised than surrounding VIII, width of sclerotised ostium region roughly half that of segment VIII. Ductus bursae narrow, corpus bursae not preserved in single examined female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344B0F4FFA2C84A4FC2163BFBD4DBD9" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="1230" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA2C8494FC2163BFE9BDD62" blockId="21.[160,1155,1598,1727]" box="[160,325,1598,1623]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA2C8494FC2163BFE9BDD62" bold="true" box="[160,325,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">Type material</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA2C8494FC21664FC0BDD8A" blockId="21.[160,1155,1598,1727]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B36E922FFA2C8494FC21664FBA2DDA8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2565952770" collectingDate="1906-05" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="S. M. Klages & Rothschild Bequest BM" country="Brazil" location="Amazonas" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" specimenCode="NHMUK010890530, NHMUK010402347" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA2C8494FC21664FED5DD4F" bold="true" box="[160,267,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E55DDDFFA2C8494FC21664FED5DD4F" box="[160,267,1633,1658]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
♂.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F349A3EFFFA2C8494E5D1667FEA0DD4F" box="[319,382,1634,1658]" name="Brazil" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E81B5A4FFA2C8494EEB1667FE21DD4F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F75269FFA3C84A4E83133AFBB1D822:8E81B5A4FFA2C8494EEB1667FE21DD4F" box="[393,511,1634,1658]" country="Brazil" name="Amazonas" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">Amazonas</location>
|
||
: Fonte Boa, Upp. Amazons,
|
||
<date id="FFE0C5BFFFA2C8494C5C1667FC70DD4F" box="[830,942,1634,1658]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" value="1906-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA43C57FFA2C8494C5C1667FC70DD4F" box="[830,942,1634,1658]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" value="1906-05">May 1906</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
. (
|
||
<collectorName id="26AB86A9FFA2C8494CA31667FB9ADD4F" box="[961,1092,1634,1658]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">S.M. Klages</collectorName>
|
||
)/530/
|
||
<collectorName id="26AB86A9FFA2C8494FC21680FE68DDA8" box="[160,438,1669,1693]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">Rothschild Bequest BM</collectorName>
|
||
1939–1/
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF84B04FFA2C8494D7B1680FD27DDA8" box="[537,761,1669,1693]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" type="Museum">NHMUK010890530</specimenCode>
|
||
/genitalia vial
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF84B04FFA2C8494CC51680FBA2DDA8" box="[935,1148,1669,1693]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" type="Museum">NHMUK010402347</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
/
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B36E922FFA2C8494FC216A2FC0CDD8A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2565952747" box="[160,978,1703,1727]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Brazil" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E55DDDFFA2C8494FC216A2FEC4DD8A" box="[160,282,1703,1727]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
♂
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA2C8494E5D16A2FC81DD8A" authority="St Laurent and Giustii 2019" authorityName="St Laurent and Giustii" authorityYear="2019" box="[319,863,1703,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA2C8494E5D16A2FDFEDD8A" box="[319,544,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229">Zaphanta elephanta</emphasis>
|
||
St Laurent and Giusti, 2019
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4F7BBAFFA2C8494C0F16A2FC15DD8A" box="[877,971,1703,1727]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="21" pageNumber="1229" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA1C84A4FC2108BFBD4DBD9" blockId="22.[160,1156,142,236]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B36E922FFA1C84A4FC2108BFCF9DBFF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2565952761" collectingDate="1906-01" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Brazil" county="June" location="Amazonas" municipality="Data" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" specimenCode="NHMUK 010890531, NHMUK 010402348" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4FC2108BFECFDB92" bold="true" box="[160,273,142,167]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E55DDDFFA1C84A4FC2108BFED2DB92" box="[160,268,142,167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5828F6FFA1C84A4E43108AFE8EDB92" box="[289,336,143,167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F349A3EFFFA1C84A4E06108AFE7DDB92" box="[356,419,143,167]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E81B5A4FFA1C84A4ED1108AFDF7DB92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F75269FFA3C84A4E83133AFBB1D822:8E81B5A4FFA1C84A4ED1108AFDF7DB92" box="[435,553,143,167]" country="Brazil" county="June" municipality="Data" name="Amazonas" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Amazonas</location>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B857905FFA1C84A4D58108AFDB0DB92" box="[570,622,143,167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Data</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
as for
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E55DDDFFA1C84A4DAC108AFCECDB92" box="[718,818,143,167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
except:
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62809BF3FFA1C84A4CFC108AFC0DDB92" box="[926,979,143,167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">June</collectingCounty>
|
||
<date id="FFE0C5BFFFA1C84A4C83108AFBC1DB92" box="[993,1055,143,167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" value="1906-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA43C57FFA1C84A4C83108AFBC1DB92" box="[993,1055,143,167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" value="1906-01">1906,</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF84B04FFA1C84A4B49108AFEC0DBFF" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="Museum">NHMUK 010890531</specimenCode>
|
||
, genitalia vial
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF84B04FFA1C84A4EAD10B7FD71DBFF" box="[463,687,178,202]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="Museum">NHMUK 010402348</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4F7BBAFFA1C84A4DA010B7FCFFDBFF" box="[706,801,178,202]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B36E922FFA1C84A4C5410B7FBD4DBD9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2565952741" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E55DDDFFA1C84A4C5410B7FC47DBFF" box="[822,921,178,202]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
with label reading: ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E55DDDFFA1C84A4FC410D1FEC4DBD9" box="[166,282,212,236]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5828F6FFA1C84A4E4010D1FEE8DBD9" box="[290,310,212,236]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA1C84A4E5D10D1FC80DBD9" authority="St Laurent and Giustii 2019" authorityName="St Laurent and Giustii" authorityYear="2019" box="[319,862,212,236]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4E5D10D1FDFEDBD9" box="[319,544,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Zaphanta elephanta</emphasis>
|
||
St Laurent and Giusti, 2019
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ [yellow label].
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344B0F4FFA1C84A4FC2111CFF3DDA42" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA1C84A4FC2111CFEF2DA07" blockId="22.[160,1155,281,375]" box="[160,300,281,306]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4FC2111CFEF2DA07" bold="true" box="[160,300,281,306]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA1C84A4FC21139FF3DDA42" blockId="22.[160,1155,281,375]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA1C84A4FC21139FE5CDA61" authorityName="St Laurent and Giustii" authorityYear="2019" box="[160,386,316,340]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4FC21139FE5CDA61" box="[160,386,316,340]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Zaphanta elephanta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E55DDDFFA1C84A4DC81139FD02DA61" box="[682,732,316,340]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in north-western Amazonas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F349A3EFFFA1C84A4FC2115AFF01DA42" box="[160,223,351,375]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344B0F4FFA1C84A4FC211A1FBF3D95F" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA1C84A4FC211A1FEC3DA88" blockId="22.[160,1156,420,618]" box="[160,285,420,445]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4FC211A1FEC3DA88" bold="true" box="[160,285,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA1C84A4FC211C2FBF3D95F" blockId="22.[160,1156,420,618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">
|
||
The first part of the specific epithet for this new species is derived from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA1C84A4B5211C2FEC8D937" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" class="Mammalia" family="Elephantidae" genus="Elephas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Proboscidea" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4B5211C2FB5DDAEA" box="[1072,1155,455,479]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Elephas</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the generic name of Asiatic elephants, with the ending -anta added to rhyme with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA1C84A4E501209FE42D911" authorityName="Dyari" authorityYear="1910" box="[306,412,524,548]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4E501209FE42D911" box="[306,412,524,548]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Zaphanta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The male genitalia, when viewed upside down, resemble the head of an Asian elephant, such that the elongate tegumen and uncus form the ‘trunk’, the small valvae the ‘ears’, and the basal valva apodeme projections the ‘tusks’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344B0F4FFA1C84A4FC21293FBB1D822" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA1C84A4FC21293FED8D99A" blockId="22.[160,1155,662,791]" box="[160,262,662,687]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4FC21293FED8D99A" bold="true" box="[160,262,662,687]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1E37FFFA1C84A4FC212BFFBB1D822" blockId="22.[160,1155,662,791]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA1C84A4FC212BFFE5ED9E7" authorityName="St Laurent and Giustii" authorityYear="2019" box="[160,384,698,722]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4FC212BFFE5ED9E7" box="[160,384,698,722]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Zaphanta elephanta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits the same biome as numerous other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA1C84A4CEE12BFFC29D9E7" authorityName="Dyari" authorityYear="1910" box="[908,1015,698,722]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4CEE12BFFC29D9E7" box="[908,1015,698,722]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Zaphanta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, the Amazon Rainforest, but is not known to be sympatric with any other congener. The two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E98FCFFA1C84A4E5C12FAFE16D822" authorityName="St Laurent and Giustii" authorityYear="2019" box="[318,456,767,791]" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Zaphanta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephanta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A3F6DFFA1C84A4E5C12FAFE16D822" box="[318,456,767,791]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1230">Z. elephanta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected in May and June at one locality, Fonte Boa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |