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<document id="9BDF23333CB805A0EEF3D2B0F03A07B6" ID-CLB-Dataset="35045" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.661.10677" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9bee49e3-7184-47ae-8c81-8087c21739a6" ID-PMC="PMC5539366" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-661-15" ID-PubMed="28769602" ID-ZooBank="7ADEBBF244A04276AB7D1EB2BBFD8953" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-661-15" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 661" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Pacullidae and Tetrablemmidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Singapore" checkinTime="1489572793026" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lin, Yucheng, Koh, Joseph K. H., Koponen, Seppo &amp; Li, Shuqiang" docDate="2017" docId="3711D68BEA8372390DA97F4273B7B2A6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 661: 15-60" docOrigin="ZooKeys 661" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.661.10677" docTitle="Brignoliella besutensis Lin, Li &amp; Jaeger 2012" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="D064C572FFEFFFD88F28FFD23F2FFFDE" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Pacullidae and Tetrablemmidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Singapore" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1701375565581" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1621CCE34172CDC65B3828E18E50E372">Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Pacullidae and Tetrablemmidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Singapore</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1081927E32862CA2031B59D8EE22140B">Lin, Yucheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C42E87D2C033BA3F89FA5131711DE211">Koh, Joseph K. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DD58BB4999600778D8101AD16DC48A28">Koponen, Seppo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="37ADFB732CC57AAB0BF3E9BE8EE12C05">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F7A879C11FAEC2073C68C9D290834EA4">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A396B929E9A1849595A34B434955E58F">661</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="18C3DE06465F70EA4B731DDEFAF7A320" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-661-15</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3711D68BEA8372390DA97F4273B7B2A6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127875390" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3711D68BEA8372390DA97F4273B7B2A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3711D68BEA8372390DA97F4273B7B2A6" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="0524AB4DC610BDCFE3AB0EB941E07781" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="07A481CE0CEC4257D4A6DE6DDE4CF5E0" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="55EC50DA1331EEDF95C9E7B32C29782D" ID-CoL="5WR4T" authority="Lin, Li &amp; Jaeger, 2012" authorityName="Lin, Li &amp; Jaeger" authorityYear="2012" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Brignoliella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brignoliella besutensis" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besutensis">
Brignoliella besutensis Lin, Li &amp;
<normalizedToken id="90C6B29C2E5F90B4CC091CA89F8A907E" originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
, 2012
</taxonomicName>
Figs 10, 11, 12
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6567655D08DBA5BDE491861692869F8E" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D0C6B1E1D62A3A222283F4779863C15F" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="212BDEEE90B9680028AC1BAA228E279D" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Brignoliella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brignoliella besutensis" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besutensis">
<pageBreakToken id="F015A5432DD1BFD2F1A949EBE3B9D51C" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" start="start">Brignoliella</pageBreakToken>
besutensis
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="A49A0AF3282076F3714938C1BF2BEAD1" author="Lin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" pagination="55 - 64" title="Two new species of the family Tetrablemmidae (Araneae) from Laos and Malaysia." volume="3475" year="2012">Lin et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 56, figs 1
<normalizedToken id="1B2A76DDD300537E973496EF94AC4AA0" originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
, 2
<normalizedToken id="D13846F8C142CE1966BD4953BAC4ED1A" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
, 3
<normalizedToken id="A01ACDEB4421A87758E74E4C9CB76716" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
(male) from Malaysia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9DA84D82040B8F52DABF5D3C2E106F98" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E1EEEE9F2991480F68194AB87CAE0DE9" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="102C1F62F3640B9C5EADC740452F16B5" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
1♂ and 8♀ (NHMSU), SINGAPORE: Pulau Ubin, altitude 2 m,
<geoCoordinate id="D697889C4C160674A39AFEDAA4FF7B1A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.4216666">1°25'18.0&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="AC86E85E16B0D9CE10895E17007B136B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.94039">103°56'25.4&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 22 August 2015, S. Li and Y. Tong leg.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32CBF424F735CAEA46DF213F3180734C" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="AF81150BEEE18FA3231825416D9C1CB8" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A55969F46DBC94C1D4EFD9C12BAEF29A" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="C3589851F7531DBD5133B65D9A4077CF" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Brignoliella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brignoliella besutensis" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besutensis">Brignoliella besutensis</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="1DC042B5238B8FDE07A84BBBF9B092AA" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Brignoliella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brignoliella caligiformis" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligiformis">Brignoliella caligiformis</taxonomicName>
Tong &amp; Li, 2008 from Hainan Island, China (see Tong, 2013: 76, fig. 91
<normalizedToken id="8DFF72D943CEB4422F9DB8F403478141" originalValue="A–G">A-G</normalizedToken>
), but male can be distinguished by the non-inflated palpal tibia, the pear-shaped bulb, the horn-shaped embolus, and the slightly sinuous course of the spermatic duct (Fig. 11
<normalizedToken id="41A30F06C01334C1E71280AA1639CBF8" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
, also see
<bibRefCitation id="F2FE1E7C3B02B6FBEC63309B9C45845D" author="Lin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" pagination="55 - 64" title="Two new species of the family Tetrablemmidae (Araneae) from Laos and Malaysia." volume="3475" year="2012">Lin et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2
<normalizedToken id="B13F5A69F57232946E50E1D04AACBFD0" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
vs. Tong, 2013: fig. 91
<normalizedToken id="BDFDDBCD41F47848E6BFA094D39F4D71" originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
). Female distinguished by the straight postgenital scutum (Fig. 12
<normalizedToken id="C0CF69891EAD14B90FA0DAD889B659C5" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
vs. Tong, 2013: fig. 91
<normalizedToken id="4DC787CFC2F5804CC27456207F27E37D" originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
), the larger, adjacent pits of the preanal scutum (Fig. 12
<normalizedToken id="B2DE31884656C1FDA56476A3B4E0CEE3" originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
vs. Tong, 2013: fig. 91
<normalizedToken id="F72FD8CC5629313D78954C65A5E69509" originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
), the narrower lateral horn and the flatter vulval stem (Fig. 12C vs. Tong, 2013: fig. 91E).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="74E243584A4FCA0AA7DC5B73249E2D98" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="E26E751295A68F3A48A44EF6A3DA00D7" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
<pageBreakToken id="752A255A8E87E473A015722723E4A94F" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4B5057B9CD6704B21996EC1122C996F" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">Male. Coloration: body reddish-brown; legs pale reddish-brown to yellowish-brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A930BBD48E6CDDB21CAB08DD566F2158" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">Measurements: total length 1.16; carapace 0.58 long, 0.48 wide, 0.47 high; abdomen 0.72 long, 0.56 wide, 0.48 high; clypeus 0.16 high; sternum 0.32 long, 0.32 wide. Length of legs: I 1.25 (0.40, 0.14, 0.28, 0.21, 0.22); II 1.14 (0.36, 0.13, 0.25, 0.19, 0.21); III 1.01 (0.30, 0.12, 0.21, 0.19, 0.19); IV 1.29 (0.40, 0.13, 0.30, 0.26, 0.20).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B61838F142569C7AB9CA74ADE7B050A9" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
Prosoma (Fig. 10
<normalizedToken id="5FA4ABE3D3ECB1A9A36E636A9DE15344" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
, E, G): carapace strongly sclerotized; cephalic part smooth, slightly raised, with two rows of wart-like knots behind ocular area; thoracic part irregularly reticulated, margin rugose and denticulate; ocular area situated anteriorly, with six eyes in three diads, PME absent, ALE&gt;AME=PLE in eye size. Clypeus with few wart-like knots, clypeal horn short, distally bifid; chelicerae surface smooth, with a fronto-mesial, short cheliceral apophysis, cheliceral lamina developed, translucent. Endites basally wide, distally narrow; labium distally blunt, subtriangular. Sternum long same as wide, with relatively large wart-like knots, marginally crinkled. Legs with lateral veins.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2295B931E4C603A45F65D755D468209C" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="943EBFFE50BEF28A63B4DFCCF2E7A37A" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
Figure 10.
<taxonomicName id="015199A66C6E4DE1308FA4D6AEEA3660" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Brignoliella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brignoliella besutensis" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besutensis">Brignoliella besutensis</taxonomicName>
Lin, Li &amp;
<normalizedToken id="BE1C6BE9F14B8592E6D843FB0FDAF805" originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
, 2012, male (
<normalizedToken id="100461F89EDB145A596FD000623989F8" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
, E, G) and female (
<normalizedToken id="315D3FEE628A41A512A6EA70E4EBC684" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
, F, H) from Singapore.
<normalizedToken id="A93EF9C5EAC6325D29E315CFE6BE949A" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="D4CBE47DF3529C8DEE8AF6C51EFA08D5" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
habitus
<normalizedToken id="F594A79F50D4FF097DFEE7CBE020F7F2" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
prosoma. A, C dorsal B, D ventral
<normalizedToken id="E879CE4E38175DF71C9A0AE6C8EB549B" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
anterior
<normalizedToken id="89F304EF15FA6119F6948676E877D585" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
lateral. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="685849E9B677C9976DE5AFCF4DEA7F77" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
Opisthosoma (Fig. 10
<normalizedToken id="0CDC50688D1DF1012DE0DA248AACA0E6" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
, G): dorsal scutum oval, with sparse small pits, setae inserted in pits; ventral scutum anteriorly slightly crinkled, posteriorly with pits, booklung cover smooth; lateral scutum I long; postgenital scutum present, preanal scutum rectangular and smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="915D8F0FCA48E177FE9FA06D44E722E9" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
Palp (Fig. 11
<normalizedToken id="C8A3CBEA6E3FB00459FF78D321CCFA38" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
): femur ventrally granulated, with three long setae; patella almost half as long as tibia, without modification; tibia slightly bent, with a distal-dorsal trichobothrium; cymbium subtriangular in lateral view; bulb pear-shaped; spermatic duct course simple; embolus short, sclerotized, distinctly narrowed and slightly bent distally, horn-shaped.
</paragraph>
<caption id="FC005B6F3827A5F053A6B722E34F81A1" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="F84C2CF76A3B38E1600CF164EC26D76D" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
Figure 11.
<taxonomicName id="FB2653512C123B973FE8987B6CAACC91" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Brignoliella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brignoliella besutensis" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besutensis">Brignoliella besutensis</taxonomicName>
Lin, Li &amp;
<normalizedToken id="43F7BA5BC047EC13DEC414B202432F54" originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
, 2012, male from Singapore. A left palp, retrolateral Bditto, prolateral. Abbreviations: ep = embolic part of apes of palpal organ; sd = spermatic duct. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AF82B344F0F651B4EE963B0971FBA633" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">Female (First description). Coloration: same as in male.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F6B97C55739D43BBB46E05E03D99F63" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">Measurements: total length 1.18; carapace 0.56 long, 0.48 wide, 0.46 high; abdomen 0.84 long, 0.64 wide, 0.52 high; clypeus 0.12 high; sternum 0.33 long, 0.34 wide. Length of legs: I 1.22 (0.40, 0.14, 0.26, 0.20, 0.22); II 1.14 (0.36, 0.13, 0.24, 0.20, 0.21); III 0.98 (0.30, 0.12, 0.19, 0.20, 0.17); IV 1.26 (0.39, 0.13, 0.28, 0.24, 0.22).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C5F0D0603D4C51D1823B7071F89D39C" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
Prosoma (Fig. 10
<normalizedToken id="80EAF84A2D0FE65ABF104A60E5A241E4" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
, F, H) as in male, but lacking clypeal horn and cheliceral apophysis, and clypeus lower than in male. Legs also as in male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="99E0548A24F09E29BE12B5968F35EDCB" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
Opisthosoma (Figs 10
<normalizedToken id="CF811B7C67D98DBBD07A981C69D40A22" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
, H; 12
<normalizedToken id="ABBBCD0B627D091C74F6CE140182CFF2" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
): dorsal and ventral scuta as in male; lateral scutum I short, and not exceeding anterior margin of preanal scutum; postgenital scutum straight, slightly wider than preanal scutum; preanal scutum trapezoidal, with two large grooves at anterolateral corners (Fig. 12
<normalizedToken id="6C112B1B6649AE843F6564C00AAF974A" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E9AE34C0C4C04E4C1C1E2345DB000105" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="C5D07586AE6D2FFB80929A23A4AA753A" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
Figure 12.
<taxonomicName id="5208B3339DB1AB70040B1E477068C63C" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Brignoliella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brignoliella besutensis" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besutensis">Brignoliella besutensis</taxonomicName>
Lin, Li &amp;
<normalizedToken id="C55E3F21659444162825665600849CF5" originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
, 2012, female from Singapore. A opisthosoma B genital area (untreated) C cleared vulva (lactic acid-treated) Dditto.
<normalizedToken id="6949D5C01B07A7D33686D84DFD56C0A1" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
, D ventral C dorsal. Abbreviations: ALG = anterolateral groove of preanal plate; AV = anterior ventrolateral plate; EF = epigynal fold; EP = epigynal pit; L = lateral plate; P = pulmonary plate; PA = preanal plate; PG = postgenital plate; SR = seminal receptaculum; VD = vulval duct; VS = vulval stem. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7221C4CC4247075B0CA823D36E0F6753" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
Genitalia (Fig. 12
<normalizedToken id="44194538CB9A3B3BC444D1F901D9D947" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
): epigynal fold distinct; epigynal pit and vulval stem forming into a sclerotized ring; central process and inner vulval plate absent; lateral horn and vulval duct weak, connected to the translucent, saccular seminal receptaculum (Fig. 12C).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CF81BAB2263A582C8587DC1CD9BAB3C6" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="34B89C14187A8AAE5565832388B5194D" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6612A6D98D5B05113E99435E40D7BEFA" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">Malaysia, Singapore.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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